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Digital financial inclusion is critical for achieving higher economic growth, sustainable development, and a more financially inclusive nation. Additionally, digital financial inclusion is vital for stabilizing the Islamic banking industry during the COVID-19 epidemic, leveraging its resistance to financial shocks, and fostering financial inclusiveness. Islamic banks are usually considered because of their significant ability to counter financial crises and their prominent contribution to financial landscape. This study investigated the digital financial inclusion and Islamic banking stability nexus using unbalanced panel data from 65 Islamic banks from six countries from 2010 to 2021. This study uses a GMM approach and a Z score. The finding implies that the default risk of the banks in the analyzed area is reduced due to the increased stability of Islamic banking brought about by the broader application of digital financial inclusion. Digital financial inclusion is more strongly correlated with banks' financial soundness. Access to banking services, made possible by digital financial inclusion, also dramatically improves banking stability and makes banks more resilient. Moreover, incorporating digital financial inclusion into Islamic banking promotes inclusive economic development, which may help the industry weather crises like the present COVID-19 epidemic. This study lays out the policy implications that increasing bank stability, bolstering financial literacy, and combining digital financial inclusion with other strategies to keep banks viable.

Purpose: The pressing need to reconcile conflicting priorities—fostering economic growth, ensuring environmental sustainability, and mitigating the adverse impacts of greenhouse gas emissions—is becoming increasingly evident.Top of Form Addressing these concerns, the study explore the ramifications of various factors – namely, green growth, foreign direct investment (FDI), financial development (FD), and gross domestic product (GDP) on environmental sustainability. Design/Methodology/Approach: Drawing on data spanning from 1987 to 2022 in the context of Pakistan. This study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique to check the association between variables. Findings: The study reveals significant empirical insights. Specifically, it highlights the constructive contributions of green growth and financial development toward enhancing environmental quality. Conversely, it underscores the dual role played by GDP and FDI, acting as drivers that intensify CO2 emissions. Implications/Originality/Value: These findings underscore the complexity of the interplay between economic development, environmental considerations, and the pressing need for sustainable practices.

Geopolitical relationship among the economies plays a crucial role in the environmental sustainability. In lieu our research reveals that whether geopolitical risk asymmetrically affects the reduction of carbon emission? To investigate this issue, we scrutinize the impact of geopolitical risk using annual data spanning 1990-2018 for China. Furthermore, our study employs nonlinear and liner autoregressive distributed lag simulations at the same time to argue the impact of geopolitical risk on environmental sustainability. Our empirical outcomes evidenced the asymmetric effect of geopolitical risk on the environment by indicating a positive association among geopolitical risk and environmental sustainability. Moreover, increasing foreign direct investment upsurges CO2 emanation which proves the pollution haven proposition. The results expressed a significant positive link of energy ingesting and GDP influence on CO2 emanation while renewable energy consumption reduces CO2 emission. Therefore, utmost attention must be taken to balance the environment and geopolitical risk. It is necessary to take initiatives to reforms policies that protect the environment without affecting geopolitical risk. Additionally, government officials and policymakers should articulate strategies to encourage renewable energy consumption as the energy combination outpouring to enrich the excellence of the environment. The findings also advocate that policymakers to welcome the environment-friendly foreign direct investment as it is the perpetrator to upsurge environmental degradation in China.

Purpose: The global impact of climate change on both human well-being and the environment has garnered widespread attention. Depending on the context, financial inclusion can either help people adapt to changing conditions or lessen the impact of those changes. The purpose of our research is to fill that study gap. While improved financial infrastructure is excellent for GDP, the only way to save the planet for both emerging and rich nations is through effective governance. This research looked at how different variables, such as financial inclusion (FINC), FDI, trade openness (TO), and economic growth (GDP), affects Pakistan's CO2 emissions and ecological footprint from 2004 to 2021. Design/Methodology/Approach: Autoregressive distributed lag modeling (ARDL) is used to calculate the estimated alliance between the research variables. Findings: Even if GDP and FDI play important roles in environmental quality, long-run ARDL estimates show that FINC and trade have a negative influence on carbon dioxide emissions. On the other side, FINC has a beneficial effect on the environment, reducing its negative impact and improving environmental quality. Implications/Originality/Value: These outcomes indicated that Pakistan needs to enhance trade and FINC to sustain environmental quality. The funds issued from the financial institutions should be allocated to clean and green energy projects.

The relevance of fiscal decentralization in environmental sustainability cannot be overstated. Some believe that fiscal decentralization is essential to long-term environmental health. However, to what extent fiscal decentralization (FSD) hinders or promotes ecological sustainability is a topic of heated debate. Knowing how fiscal decentralization impacts the environment is vital because it cannot be disregarded while working toward the Sustainable Development Goals of a clean environment and minimizing climate change. This study determines the relationship between FSD, NRE, RNE, GDP, and CO2 excretion, taking data from 2005 to 2021. We employed the ARDL model to investigate the association between study variables. The empirical findings show that fiscal decentralization, NRE, and GDP exert beneficial effects on CO2 exhalation and harm the environment, while RNE cleans the environment by decreasing CO2 outflow; yet, all study variables are positively connected with the ecological footprint. Based on the recommendations for Pakistan, It is suggested that policymakers and the government of Pakistan should allocate funds for green infrastructure to combat CO2 emissions.

This study experimentally explores the income disparity and education expansion association, that is, strengthening average years of schooling and shrinking schooling disparity, using a sample of South Asian nations from 1980 to 2015 with five years regular interval. South Asian economies are frequently investigated in the literature on disparity, and the World Development Report primarily focused on educational problems and expounded on a high level of learning disparity in South Asia. The dynamic panel Arellano-Bond Following current work, the study employs GMM estimating approaches to report questions of ‘persistence and endogeneity’; we notice a huge, optimistic, statistically important, and steady average years of schooling and income disparity association in South Asian economies. The average years of education are positively correlated with income disparity, which is consistent with constant or rising returns to more years of education. We also find a slight and not necessarily statistically significant positive association among educational expense and income disparity, as well as a statistically significant unfavorable relationship among income disparity and immature associates. Statistical tests show that our identification instruments and vibrant indicators are both reliable. The increase of schooling is likely to continue lowering disparity, according to policy worries. This function will decline as nations grow, but it might be strengthened by putting more effort into lowering educational quality disparities.

The study explains the impact of digital transformation and environmental sustainability on the demographic dividend. Over the last few decades, remarkable demographic changes are founded in South Asian countries that provide a “window of opportunity” and cause sustainable development by promoting the working-age population. We have used Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) to investigate the dynamic linkages between variables and estimate long-run and short-run results by applying different techniques. Data of all concerned variables are taken from 1972 to 2020 across all South Asian countries. The study employs two models to determine the relationship among variables. In the first model, long-run results show that mobile cellular subscriptions, internet users, urbanization growth, and trade are positively related to population ages (15-64) except for greenhouse gas emissions, governance index, and human capital index. In the second model, mobile cellular subscriptions, internet users, greenhouse gas emissions, urbanization growth, human capital index, and trade are positively related to secondary school enrollment except for the governance index. This study suggests that South Asian countries focus not only on the use of ICT but also promote other digitalization indicators for digital technology developments through investment. Further, policymakers may introduce policies to revamp the education system and create new opportunities to fulfill the labor market demand.

Climate change, global warming and environmental degradation have become the serious threat for the planet. Climate change cause earthquakes severs storms, food security and uneven rainfall; CO2 emissions are major component of climate change. The literature on impact of economic policy on climate change has attained the great attention of policy makers and research now a day. This paper seeks out the impact of EPU, foreign direct investment, urbanization and renewable energy consumption on the environmental sustainability. The study employs Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to analyze the data from China during 1995 to 2021. The empirical findings revealed that EPU, Urbanization and FDI have positive impact on CO2 emissions, while renewable energy consumption has negative impact on CO2 emissions in China.

Cardiovascular-related diseases are considered as the major risk for health and may lead to many illnesses. Hyperlipidemia is the highest common cause of diseases related to heart known as CHD. Since ancient times, innumerable herbs and organic foods are used to treat diseases among which garlic has been shown beneficial for treating hyperlipidemia and normalizing lipid profile levels. Garlic may be used in different forms like powder, tablets, extracts or after ageing. Its sulfur containing compounds like allicin, S-allylcysteine, alliin, ajoene, diallyl disulfide are proven to have the pharmacological benefits. The main aim of the current review is to analyze and evaluate the studies regarding anti-hyperlipidemic effects of garlic and its supplements on normalizing lipid profile among hyperlipidemicsubjects.After analyzing different studies being carried out earlier, it is concluded that garlic is effective in managing lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL levels among people with hyperlipidemia ranging from mild to moderate intensity.

The human behaviors are regulated with cultural and social norms. In the modern time, the diversity of humanity due to globalism has changed the traditional ways of influencing human behavior. The technological advancement has changed the traditional concepts and the more developed mechanism are considered for it. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of innovative machine learning behavior, normative beliefs and perceived norms to influence the human behavior and emotions regulations in Pakistan. The Likert scale questionnaire was adapted to collected the quantitative data from the respondents for this study. The study demonstrates the significant role of innovative machine learning behavior, perceived norms and normative beliefs for behavior emotions regulations of the human being. The study also has significant framework as a contribution for the literature. The study provides significant practical implications to regulate the human behavior and influence it with the machine learning approach.

Women play a significant role in agriculture as they assume various activities in agriculture such as cleaning of fields, fields preparation, sowing, weeding, harvesting, picking, cleaning of grains, drying of grains etc. but, unfortunately, they remain invisible workers. Their participation as decision-makers concerning these activities is also uncertain. This study is an economic analysis of women’s time allocation in agricultural activities in tehsil Mian Channu, Pakistan. A questionnaire is used to collect data from a random sample of 250 female respondents. The study points out the active participation of females in agriculture activities. Age of the woman and education of woman has a negative sign in crop production activities. Age of the woman and education of woman exhibit a positive association with women time allocation in non-crop production activities. Dependency Burdenis positively related to women participation in both crop production activities and non-crop production activities. The results also reveal that the number of adult males in a household is negatively related to woman’s time allocation and a tenant woman allocates more time to crop production activities than non-crop production activities.

Anthropogenic actionsamplify the greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere since the 19th century which lead to noticeable variation in climate that has a significant influence on different regions across the globe. World-wildly, Pakistan is participatinginsignificantly in greenhouse gas emissions but facing significant effects on several segments of the economy. The green revolution boosts agriculture production and a significant increase in productivity against to before it. The agriculture sector is considered to be lifeline of Pakistan's economy it contributes significantly to the gross domestic product, gives employment opportunitiesto huge number of the working population and provides raw materials to other sectors. A drastic increase in population had led to rising demand for agricultural products in Pakistan and it highlights the importance of agriculture sector in Pakistan. Several current studies had concentrated on greenhouse gas emissions in the agriculture sector in Pakistan but ignored the green revolution aspect. It is a pioneer study which has a central aim to explore the influence of greenhouse gases emission and the green revolution on agriculture production with the help of Cobb Douglas Production Function (CDPF). The current study uses the four decades’time seriesdata usingAuto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach with the help of Bound Test run to observe the long and short-run impact of greenhouse gas emissions and green revolution on agriculture sector in Pakistan. Findings revealed that greenhouse gas emissions have a negative while the green revolution has a positive influence on agriculture production in the long and short run. These results have some policy implication,government should spend more budget on research and development related to the agriculture sector and levy high taxes on those sectors which are emitting greenhouse gases and these policies can dramatically boost agriculture production which will boost Pakistan's

Using a versatile piecewise linear regression model, this study revisits the connection between energy intensity, energy mix, macroeconomic variables, and economic performance. The analysis determines a threshold effect of income growth on changes in energy intensity based on dynamic panel data for a collection of European economies from 1990 to 2020. The study builds on the three specifications: The Skelton model (M1), the human capital model (M2), and the policy model (M3). The Skelton model is a fundamental model that explains the energy economic relationship with energy use in many economic sectors and with various energies. Additionally, in M2, achieve basic and secondary education as human capital, investment, and commerce as models for policies (M3). Numerous diagnostic procedures are carried out to examine serial correlation, heteroscacity, and cross-sectional dependence. In order to evaluate the robustness of the results, the specification of the dynamic panel is put through the Generalized Method of Movement (GMM) regression framework. Although energy intensity and income growth are negatively correlated for the entire sample and study period, the rate of decline significantly slows after the level of per capita income reaches $5,000, by more than 30%. According to the analysis's findings based on index decomposition, structural change is crucial for intensity levels across all nations. Additionally, moving from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources has a positive correlation with economic success in terms of energy intensity. While increasing energy intensity spurs global growth because of the current state of environmentally friendly technological innovation.

Brand equity development has become a challenge for modern brands. Marketing innovation and changing consumer value perceptions are causing consumers to leapfrog, posing a challenge for brand equity development. The data for this study was collected with random sampling techniques. 450 respondents were considered to collect data on the Likert scale questionnaire. The Partial Least Square (PLS) method of data analysis was used in this study for data analysis. According to the findings of the study, brand personality, customer satisfaction, consumer lifestyle, marketing innovation, and consumer changing value perception all have a significant impact on brand equity. The significant framework of this study is a contribution to the body of knowledge as it describes the significant relationship between different variables critical for brand equity development. Furthermore, this study provides business implications for brands working in Pakistan to improve brand equity with realistic results to influence the consumers for brand equity.