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'With a vibrant narrative, recipes, and menus, this absorbing volume will be of interest to readers of Christian history and those interested in cookery and Mediterranean diets.'-Booklist The Food and Feasts of the Apostle Paul takes readers inside the world of the early Christian church through a new lens—what people ate (and didn't eat). The early church encompassed diverse communities and people, and understanding its food helps us understand both the worship and culture of these people, as well as their sources of conflict. Each chapter introduces readers to a different community or church Paul visited or started, explores one or two key foods, and offers recipes that reflect each community. Recipes range from simple to complex, from snack to feast. This book will help readers more fully experience the diverse cultures of the early Christian church to better understand the teachings of Jesus, Paul, and early Christian leaders.

In this monograph, Hryhoriy Lozinskyy studies five feasts contained in Num 28:16-30:1. Each of them is first treated in the light of biblical calendars and other related texts. The calendar in Numbers is later than an earlier version of Leviticus 23; yet the final form of Lev 23:1-44 is also a result of some later additions that took place after Num 28:1-30:1 had been composed. The author also focuses on the history of interpretation: he examines several pseudepigrapha, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and ancient Jewish writers from 200 BCE to 100 CE. He shows how these ancient sources reworked the biblical texts by expansions, clarifications, and omissions. In sum, the calendar in Numbers employs several previous traditions that dealt with the feasts, sacrifices, and calendars in order to compose the detailed list of the offerings for the appointed times. Moreover, it is a text that has been used by many ancient sources, especially in the matter of the sacrifices.

Las siete fiestas de Jehová, el nuevo libro escrito por Eduardo Cartea Millos, es un estudio basado en Levítico, un libro de una gran importancia y trascendencia en el que el autor explica las celebraciones de las siete fiestas y ayuda al lector a entender la interrelación que existe en la cultura Judía, el Dios del Antiguo Testamento, Jehová y su relación con el Nuevo Testamento. El libro amplía el tema para estudiar y explicar esas celebraciones de las siete fiestas y entender la interrelación que existe en la cultura Judía, el Dios del Antiguo Testamento, Jehová y su relación con el Nuevo Testamento. También analiza sus simbolismos, el propio carácter de Dios; y así mucho otros temas que aparecen en las 7 fiestas solemnes de Jehová. Las siete fiestas de Jehová de Eduardo Cartea Millos basado en Levítico, es un estudio amplio de las siete fiestas solemnes de la cultura Judía; su simbolismo, tipología y la interrelación con el Nuevo Testamento. Eduardo Cartea Millos es Licenciado en Teología, pastor, profesor y director del Instituto Bíblico Jorge Müller, y responsable junto a otros escritores del Tratado de Estudios Bíblicos y Teológicos en cuatro tomos del IBJM y también ejerce el ministerio de la enseñanza en su iglesia, iglesias en Argentina y en otros países. Ha ejercido por años un ministerio musical como organista y director de coros. Está casado con Ma. Ligia Pérez, viven en Buenos Aires, Argentina, y tienen un hijo, Mariano Sebastián

In most modern discussions of the Eucharist, the Jewish temple and its services of worship do not play a large role. They are often mentioned in passing, but little work is done in grounding, organizing, or explicating the connections between these things and the Eucharistic celebration. In Table and Temple, David Stubbs sheds light on the reasons for this neglect and shows the important role the temple and its worship played in the imagination of Jesus and his disciples about what was to become a central Christian practice. He then explores the five central meanings of the temple and its main services of worship, demonstrating their relationship to the five central meanings of the Christian Eucharist. These central meanings of the temple itself, the daily, weekly, and monthly sacrifices, and the three pilgrim feasts are linked to the history of salvation. Stubbs distills them to (1) the real presence of God and God's Kingdom among God's people, (2) thanksgiving for creation and providence, (3) remembrance of past deliverance, (4) covenant renewal in the present, and (5) a hopeful celebration of the feast to come. They provide a solid ground upon which to organize contemporary Christian Eucharistic imagination and practice. Such a solid ground not only expands our theology and enriches contemporary practice—it can also bring greater ecumenical unity to this central Christian rite.

What's the story behind all those feasts?It's hard to know when you read about the Feast of Booths why exactly it matters for your life. What in the world is the Feast of Trumpets supposed to be teaching you? And, in this case, the text itself doesn't tell you. You need a resource, a guide that can help you understand the cultural significance and how these feasts relate to the rest of the Bible. That's exactly what Erin Davis does in this new 8-week Bible study, 7 Feasts. She'll teach you: The significance of these feasts and why God wanted His people to celebrateHow each of them point to Jesus and His work in redemptionWhy all of this matters for our lives todayYou will discover that passages you once skimmed over are now rich and meaningful in your life today.

Are you ready to go on the most thrilling adventure of your life?God loves to play hide and seek and for those who search for Him with all their hearts, He makes Himself known. God's Day Timer provides the biblical keys that unlock hidden treasures just waiting to be discovered. Author, teacher, and pastor Mark Biltz offers tremendous insight into being in touch with God.In Genesis the Hebrew word for “seasons” is translated in Leviticus as “feasts.” A better translation is “divine appointments.” God tells us that the sun and the moon are to be used to determine when the divine appointments occur, which is critical to understanding when God will intersect human history. In God's Day Timer, Pastor Biltz breaks down the divine appointments, or seven feasts of the Lord, to make it easy to understand for beginners and explains how to keep the Sabbath and get on God's schedule to better understand His timing and the signs of the coming events. Discover the importance of keeping the Passover and Yom Kippur among the other feasts.Learn how to perform a weekly Shabbat.Find out the various steps of administering a Seder dinnerRealize why it is vital for Christian believers to be on the biblical calendarGod's Day Timer takes you on a journey that will unlock treasure chests full of golden insights. Sit back, put on your 3-D Bible glasses and come on an adventure that will radically change your life.

Michelle Van Loon helps us treasure our time as a gift and a spiritual responsibility, and God as faithfully present in all our moments and days.People rarely slow down to experience their days, and so they feel rushed through life even as they begin to suspect that life lacks significance. By introducing (and reintroducing) us to the feasts and festivals of the Bible, as well as the special celebrations of the Christian calendar, Moments and Days restores a sacred sense of time throughout our year, enriching our experience of each “holy day” and enlivening our experience of even the most “ordinary time.”

In the first three Gospels, Jesus rarely travels to Jerusalem prior to his final week. The Fourth Gospel, however, features Jesus'repeated visits to the city, which occur primarily during major festivals. This volume elucidates the role of the Jewish feasts of Passover, Tabernacles, and Dedication in John's presentation of Jesus. Gerry Wheaton examines the Gospel in relation to pertinent sources from the Second Temple and Rabbinic periods, offering a fresh understanding of how John appropriates the symbolic and traditional backgrounds of these feasts. Wheaton situates his inquiry within the larger question of Judaism in John's Gospel, which many consider to be the most anti-Semitic New Testament text. The findings of this study significantly contribute to the ongoing debate surrounding the alleged anti-Jewish posture of the Gospel as a whole, and it offers new insights that will appeal to scholars of Johannine theology, New Testament studies, and Jewish studies.

Israelite festival calendar texts (Exod 23; 34; Lev 23; Num 28–29; Deut 16; and Ezek 45) share many features; however, there are also differences. Some of the most-often-cited differences are the following: festival dates, festival locations, date of the New Year, festival timing, and festival names. Scholars have explored these distinctions, and many have concluded that different sources (authors/redactors) wrote the various calendars at different times in Israelite history. Scholars use these dissimilarities to argue that Lev 23 was written in the exilic or postexilic era. Babcock offers a new translation and analysis of a second-millennium B.C. multimonth ritual calendar text from Emar (Emar 446) to challenge the late dating of Lev 23. Babcock argues that Lev 23 preserves an early (2nd-millennium) West Semitic ritual tradition.Building on the recent work of Klingbeil and Sparks, this book presents a new comparative methodology for exploring potential textual relationships. Babcock investigates the attributes of sacred ritual through the lens of sacred time, sacred space and movement, sacred objects, ritual participants, and ritual sound. The author begins with a study of ancient Near Eastern festival texts from the 3rd millennium through the 1st millennium. This analysis focuses on festival cycles, common festival attributes, and the role of time and space in ritual. Babcock then moves on to an intertextual study of biblical festival texts before completing a thorough investigation of both Lev 23 and Emar 446. The result is a compelling argument that Lev 23 preserves an early West Semitic festival tradition and does not date to the exilic era—refuting the scholarly consensus.This illuminating reading stands as a model for future research in the field of ritual and comparative textual studies.

The New Testament is filled with stories of Jesus eating with people—from extravagant wedding banquets to simple meals of loaves and fishes. The Food and Feasts of Jesus offers a new perspective on life in biblical times by taking readers inside these meals. Food production and distribution impacted all aspects of ancient life, including the teachings of Jesus. From elaborate holiday feasts to a simple farmer's lunch, the book explores the significance of various meals, discusses key ingredients, places food within the socioeconomic conditions of the time, and offers accessible recipes for readers to make their own tastes of the first century. Ideal for individual reading or group study, this book opens a window into the tumultuous world of the first century and invites readers to smell, touch, and taste the era's food.

Christian readers of the New Testament study the great stories about Jesus through the lens of western culture. In this series of books, Gary Burge uses his extensive knowledge of the first century world and the Middle East to offer insights not available to the average person. Each book will develop important cultural themes and wrap them around well-known New Testament passages. And the result will be insights rarely gained elsewhere. Observe how Jesus celebrated the great festivals of Judaism. In each of the six accounts, you will explore the Jewish festival as it was celebrated in the first century and then examine how Jesus used the imagery of the festival to unveil his own mission. Explore the Jewish Sabbath, Passover, Tabernacles, and Hanukkah as Jesus knew them.

The festival calendars in the Pentateuch have made up the heart of critical biblical research from the beginning. Each of the calendars was thought to have taken shape against its own specific historical background and to accurately reflect a distinct stage in the development of Israel's cultic and social institutions. Classical hypotheses used them to distinguish the different legal codes in the Pentateuch from each other, to define the original compositions, and to arrange them relative to each other in an historical, chronological sequence. Shimon Gesundheit challenges the classical historical reconstructions and the methodology driving them. He presents an alternate point of view, according to which the festival laws do not simplistically reflect the specific cultic or social realities of actual historical periods. Rather, through their legal discourse, they shape and promote new ideas by textual revision and redaction, in the lemmatic style of midrash, and they represent a process of progressive literary development.

The Hebrew/Christian Scriptures include many allusions to pilgrimage customs and practices, yet the information is scattered and requires a considerable amount of reconstruction. It is posited that the pilgrimage paradigm, including the journey motif, has influenced the thought patterns of the writers of both the Old and New Testaments. To follow Jesus'journey to Jerusalem on the three feasts of pilgrimage in Luke-Acts and John, and their relevance to the way he revealed himself and taught his disciples, this work begins with the creation and patriarchal narratives, examining how the pilgrimage paradigm relates to discipleship. Reviewing the history of the people of God including the Exodus, the Exile, and restoration, this book establishes the significance of pilgrimage as a paradigm for Israel that eventually shapes Judaism. Seung Y Lee points us to a neglected fact that the three feasts of pilgrimage have developed their own characters and meanings for the momentous events in the history of Israel, and both Luke-Acts and John reflect the significance of the pilgrimage paradigm for Jesus'self-understanding and his teaching.

Die Studie leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Grundlagenforschung zum Thema frühchristlicher Identitätsausbildung. Es wird erörtert, wie Paulus zum einen das hochkomplexe Gemeinschaftsmahl und zum anderen die Identität der Mahlgemeinschaft kommentiert. Da es bei Paulus nicht bei der Kommentierung bleibt, wird mit sozialgeschichtlichen, exegetischen und ritualtheoretischen Methoden herausgearbeitet, wie er auf die Mahlgemeinschaften Einfluss nimmt. Durch diese detaillierte Analyse wird die Pluralität sowohl der antiken Mahlpraxis als auch der frühchristlichen Identitäten gewürdigt.

Commemorative Identities represents a significantly new approach to the issue of replacement/abrogation vs. continuation of Jewish thought patterns and practices among Jewish Christ-followers as they are addressed by the Johannine author. Previous studies have been unable to elucidate a comprehensible argument to support continuation of commemoration in the face of explicit Temple replacement terminology in the Gospel. This study provides that argument based upon known sociological observations and models, and direct comparative analysis with Jewish practices pre- and post-70. Mary Spaulding's study will further invigorate scholarly debate concerning identity issues in the Fourth Gospel, a topic of significant interest among Johannine scholars today. More generally, the origins of Christianity as portrayed in the Gospel of John are understood as a gradual unfolding of and differentiation among various Jewish groups post-Second Temple rather than as an abrupt break from an established, normative Judaism.

In this work Michael A. Daise broaches the question of the rationale lying behind the six feasts mentioned in the Gospel of John. He argues that, in an earlier recension of the Fourth Gospel, those feasts were sequenced into a single, liturgical year and, as such, furnished temporal momentum for the concurrent motif of Jesus''hour'. After reviewing the feasts as they appear in the narrative, then critiquing the major theories proposed for their purpose, the author presents his key premise that the Passover at John 6:4 is to be read not as a regular Passover, observed on 14 Nisan (first month of the Jewish calendar), but as the'Second Passover'of Numbers 9:9-14, observed on 14 Iyyar (second month of the Jewish calendar). The law of'hadash'for barley (6:9) requires a date for chapter 6 after the regular Passover; the Exodus manna episode (Exodus 16), on which John 6 largely turns, dates to 15 Iyyar; the contingent character of the Second Passover explains Jesus'absence from Jerusalem in John 6; and, with John 5 and 6 reversed, the chronology of John 2:13-6:71 coheres. On such a reading, the feasts of the entire Fourth Gospel unfold within a single, liturgical year: Passover (2:13), Second Passover (6:4), the unnamed feast/Pentecost? (5:1), Tabernacles (7:2), the Dedication (10:22-23) and Passover (11:55). Inasmuch as this scheme brings chronological design to chapters 2-12, and inasmuch as those same chapters also chronicle the imminent arrival of Jesus''hour'(2:4; 12:23), an overarching purpose for the feasts emerges; namely, to serve the motif of Jesus''hour'by marking the movement of time toward its arrival.

In the first part of the book, Karl William Weyde analyses the festival calendar in Leviticus 23 and compares it with other festival calendars in the Hebrew Bible. On this basis, characteristic features of the Leviticus calendar appear, leading to the conclusion that Leviticus 23 presents the latest of the calendars and presupposes them. This holds good also vis-à-vis the priestly legal material in Numbers 28-29. Thus, the legislation for Passover and the festival of unleavened bread in Lev 23:5-8 is short because it builds on the detailed stipulations related in Exodus 12-13 and Deuteronomy 16. But it is also demonstrated that, for the sake of precision, the legislation for the grain festival in Leviticus 23 is more detailed than in other texts. Moreover, it is shown that the sukkôt festival is predominant in this calendar, together with other festivals in the seventh month. Without denying the possibility that the legislation was revised during the process of transmission, the author contends that some of the arguments used by recent researchers for such contention are not tenable. However, the Sabbath command (v. 3) and the sukkôt legislation in vv. 39ff are later additions inserted during the exile in Babylon. The second part of the book deals with texts related to the sukkôt festival in the Hebrew Bible. It gives examples of the significance of this festival in exilic and post-exilic times. Particular attention is paid to the question of whether it is possible to identify sukkôt psalms in the Psalter.

Understanding the purpose and traditions of the Jewish feasts will give you a deeper appreciation for your God, your heritage, and the gift of redemption provided by the sacrificial death of Christ. The Fall Feasts of Israel will help you understand three of Israel's most significant festivals: Rosh Hashannah, Yom Kippur, and Sukkot. A complete examination of each feast includes a look at its biblical institution, its celebration in the time of Christ, and its observances by Jews today.'The feasts and laws of the Lord were a tutor to lead the Israelites to the Savior...the festivals find their fulfillment in Christ and His New Covenant.'This book will give you insight into what God originally intended for the sacrificial offerings.