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N-((2-chloropyridin-3-yl)carbamothioyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (HL1), N-((6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamothioyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (HL2), N-(allylcarbamothioyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (HL3), 2-chloro-N-(methyl(1-phenylethyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide (HL4) and 2-chloro-N-(bis((R)-1-phenylethyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide (HL5) were synthesized and characterized via FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HR-MS techniques and HL3 was characterized via a single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment. The antituberculosis activity of the synthesized thiourea derivatives was tested against the H37RV (ATCC27294), ATCC35822 (INH resistant), ATCC35838 (RIF resistant), ATCC35820 (STM resistant) and ATCC35837 (EMB resistant) standard bacteria strains. The thiourea derivatives were tested on two MDR and one primary drug-sensitive isolates with the microplate nitrate reductase test method. The results indicated that HL2 and HL3 had tuberculosis activity on some of the isolates. It was observed that HL4 was the most effective among all the thiourea derivatives. The interaction mechanism of the synthesized compounds on 2X23, a tuberculosis protein, was investigated via molecular docking method. The interaction was observed to occur over S and Cl atoms in all the compounds. The compounds containing the methyl group were observed to interact via this group.

This study aimed to prepare a new peeling formulation in which mesoporous MCM-48 loaded with lavender oil and vitamin E in a supercritical carbon dioxide (sC-CO2) environment is used as a peeling agent. This study targeted at preparing a new peeling formulation which consists of a mesoporous MCM-48 onto which an essential oil such as lavender oil was loaded via a green method that utilized supercritical carbon dioxide (sC-CO2). This study aimed to prepare a new peel formulation consisting of a mesoporous MCM-48 loaded with lavender oil using supercritical carbon dioxide (sC-CO2). Structural characterization of MCM-48 and MCM-48-Lavender oil (MCM-48-L) were made via XRD and FT-IR techniques. The XRD powder diffraction pattern shows the amorphous SiO2 structure at 2q=20o. Their particle sizes and morphologies were investigated by FE-SEM. The average particle diameter was determined as 590 nm. Pore volumes were determined by N2 adsorption/desorption analysis. The BET surface area for the prepared MCM-48 was calculated as 2641 m2/g and the pore diameter of MCM-48 was found to be 3.60 nm. All the results obtained show that MCM-48 loaded with lavender oil and vitamin e can be used as an exfoliating agent.

Developing efficient, eco-friendly and cost-effective secondary production or recycling processes have gained much importance. Thus, in this study the two alternative recovery methods -the wet and the dry method for recovery of nickel catalysts- are evaluated and a new economic and ecological wet method for recovering nickel catalyst from the waste obtained from hydrogenation processes is developed. The method entailed a two-step extraction followed by electrolysis. The nickel obtained in the metallic form via electrolysis of the solution under a current density of 1.5A and 4V with an efficiency of 95 %. Among the seven different alternatives employed for recovery the method which employed CCl4 in the presence of surface active agent and entailed repetitive extraction and electrolysis. The economic analysis of the systems used was performed via the quantitative-conceptual-hypothetical economic analysis model which was developed by improving "Life-Cycle Cost Method" and the "Net Present Value Method". The method, which entailed a two-step extraction and electrolysis of nickel ions, was determined to be the most economical one. Since the demand for heat and thus energy is lesser while the reagents employed are by-products of different industries and nickel is obtained in the metallic form the method developed in this study is cost-effective and environmentally benign.

Based on the generalization of research results on the processes of obtaining SiO2 sols using tetraethoxysilane and ethyl silicates, the main factors influencing the elasticity of silica coatings on cotton fabrics and their fire-retardant properties are considered. The possibility of forming covalent bonds between the functional groups of cellulose, gel coating and flame retardant layer is considered, which explains the strong fixation of a thin layer of coating on the fibers of the fabric and improve its fire protection. The use of the developed compositions for fire-retardant elastic coatings based on ethyl silicate allows to increase the time of complete burning of cotton from 30s (untreated fabric) to 600s (treated with binary coating).

The use of complex fire-retardant coatings based on ethyl silicate gel - diammonium hydrogen phosphate reduces the process of smoke formation during thermal exposure to treated tissue samples, which is promising for improving the fire safety of textile materials. The compositions are easy to obtain, they do not require specific processing conditions, do not contain toxic substances. This allows us to offer developed compositions for fire protection of textile materials used in facilities with a large number of people.

Sr2SiO4:%3Nd3+ was synthesized and its structural characterization was made via XRD technique. The results indicated that Sr2SiO4:%3Nd3+ had Pmma (62) space group (PDF: 00-039-1256) in the orthorhombic crystal system. Luminescence and thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Sr2SiO4:%3Nd3 was investigated in detail. Computerized glow curve deconvolution methods was used for to determine the kinetic properties of Sr2SiO4:%3Nd3+. The TL results showed that Sr2SiO4:Nd3+ consisted of seven TL glow peaks.

Pyridine (L1) and 2,4-dimethylpyridine (L2) halide complexes of the type of [ML2X2] were prepared and characterized via FT-IR and 1H NMR. The CA microfibers containing complexes were electrospun and investigated via FT-IR. The morphologies of the microfibers were investigated via FE-SEM. Antibacterial activities of the complexes and the fibers were investigated.

The influence of the degree of homogeneity of the SiO2 sol on the duration of the induction period and the quality of fire-resistant coatings on textile materials was studied. The prospects of using IR spectroscopy as an express method for studying the phase composition of a gel coating, the degree of completion of the hydrolysis of an organosilicon component, and adjusting the parameters for obtaining a high-quality fire-resistant binary coating of a sol SiO2 - flame retardant system are shown.

In this study, RuO2-embedded PES membrane was prepared and it was used for protein separation. The antifouling properties of the fabricated composite membranes were also investigated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as protein solution. The mean roughness increased proportionally by introducing RuO2 particles. The porosity of the composite membranes was higher than that of the pristine PES membrane. On the other hand, composite membranes has smaller average pore size after addition of RuO2 particles. The blending of RuO2 particles to the PES membrane caused to increase the hydrophilicity of the pristine membrane from 76.67° to 67.13°. The thermal studies of the PES/RuO2 membranes were performed by DTA/TG. The Activation Energy (Ea) values of the PES/RuO2 membranes were found to be 57.67-641.34 kJ/mol for Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and 55.13–659.10 kJ/mol for Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS). The pure water flux of the composite membranes decreased from the pristine PES to PES/RuO2 1.00 wt%. The pore size was calculated as 14.5 nm and pore size decreased up to 6.5 nm when blended RuO2 particles increased up to 1.00 wt.%. BSA fluxes were 84.1 ± 2.1, 86.3 ± 2.5, and 93.9 ± 3.2 L/m2/h for pristine, PES/RuO2 0.50 wt%, and PES/RuO2 0.75 wt% membranes, respectively. PES/RuO2 1.00 wt%. membrane supplied the lowest BSA flux (73.6 ± 3.1 L/m2/h). BSA rejection efficiencies increased from 45.5 ± 1.8% to 92.6 ± 1.5% when blended RuO2 particles increased from 0 to 1.00 wt%. The results depicted that Rir values decreased while Rr values increased after the blending of RuO2.

Water pollution is a global concern. Inorganic and organic pollutants constitute primary pollutants in water resources. Therefore, it is of great concern to develop advanced sorbent materials for effective and efficient removal of metals and oil from water. In this study, synthesis of new LDH composites which would be used for sorption of heavy metals and oils from polluted water. For this purpose, MgAlOH- ɣ -Fe 2 O 3 -MoS 2 composite was prepared and characterized were made via FT-IR and XRD. The XRD powder pattern of the composite showed that it contained g -Fe 2 O 3 (PDF card no:00-002-1047), MgAl(OH)14.XH 2 O (PDF card no:00-043-0072) and MoS 2 (PDF card no:00-037-4492). Thermal stability of the composite was investigated via DTA/TG technique. MgAlOH- ɣ -Fe 2 O 3 -MoS 2 composite was shows highly efficient sorption for vegetable oil up to 418% times its own weight. The ablity of MgAlOH- ɣ -Fe 2 O 3 -MoS 2 composite for removing Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solution. Pb 2+ analysis was made by ICP-OES. The effect of Pb 2+ amounts, PH, sorbent amounts and solvent flow rate on t he adsorption capacity of MgAlOH- ɣ -Fe 2 O 3 -MoS 2 composite were also ivestigated.

Pyridine-derived platinum(II) complexes with the general formula [PtCl2L2] (L1: 3,5-dimethylpyridine, L2: 2-amino-5-bromopyridine, L3: 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine) were synthesized. Characterization of the synthesized complexes was made via FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. While the thermal behavior of the complexes was investigated via DTA/TG combined system, their kinetic parameters were investigated by using Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) methods. The activation energy of the decomposition kinetics of the complexes was calculated to be 196.5–31.7 kJ mol−1 for FWO and 203.4–29.2 kJ mol−1 for KAS. The cytotoxic effect of the complexes against the colon cancer cell line (DLD-1), which is one of the most common types of cancer observed both in humans and animals, was investigated. The complexes showed high cytotoxicity on DLD-1. In particular, [PtCl2L 2 1 ] complex was found to be the most effective compounds against colon cancer cell line during the 24 h incubation period. According to these results, the pyridine-derived platinum(II) complexes would contribute to oncologic treatment as chemotherapeutic agents.

Influence of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends with acetylferrocene and palladium based additives on diesel engine performance and emissions were studied experimentally. The additives were dosed into the blend fuels as 25 ppm. Bis-[N,N-dimethyl-N'-2-chlorobenzoylthioureato] palladium (II), PdL2 was prepared as palladium based additive. The engine tests were carried out in a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine at 4, 8, 12 and 16 Nm loads. The result of engine test revealed that the blend fuels with additives did not show the considerable effect on variation of cylinder pressure values. Also, specific fuel consumption (SFC) values with Ferrocene based additive showed comparatively better results than those of palladium based additives. Furthermore, CO and PM emissions decreased significantly up to 60.07% and 51.33%, respectively. Besides, at higher loads, NOx emissions values of the blend fuels increased, but decreased at lower loads. Moreover, Sound Pressure Level (SPL) and vibration acceleration values with the blend fuels decreased by 2.76% and 18.26%, respectively. As results, using of the metal based additives with dosage of 25 ppm contributed to improvement of SFC, emissions and vibration values for the diesel engines. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Carbon dioxide assisted particle formation combined with electrospraying using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) as an aid (Carbon Dioxide Assisted Nebulization-Electrodeposition, CAN-ED) was used to produce Bortezomib loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) P(3HB-co-3HHx) nanoparticles for sustained release. The morphology and structure of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated by SEM, TEM and FT-IR spectroscopy. Average diameter of particles obtained was 155nm and the average core sizes of P(3HB-co-3HHx) nanoparticles were between 6 and 13nm. The drug loading capacity, drug release and stability of Bortezomib loaded P(3HB-co-3HHx) nanoparticles were analyzed. The maximum loading capacity was achieved at pH=6.0 in phosphate buffer (K2HPO4/KH2PO4). It was found that temperature did not affect the stability of Bortezomib loaded nanoparticles and it was good both at 37°C and 4°C. This study pointed out that CAN-ED is a green method to produce P(3HB-co-3HHx) nanoparticles for pH responsive targeting of Bortezomib especially to parts of the body where size exclusion is not crucial.

The uniformly dispersed hollow mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (HMCNPs) were successfully synthesized by hard-template methods, and D-NMAPPD (B13) was successfully loaded onto the nanoparticle surface for the first time. Structural properties of bare and B13 loaded HMCNPs (HMCNs-B-13) were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TG). The amount of drug released was determined via in vitro drug release studies at 37 °C in SBF through UV–Vis spectrometric and thermal analyses. TG data revealed that the proportion of loaded B-13 was 33.60%. Their ability to induce apoptosis in cultures of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was investigated, and the inhibitory effect of HMCNPs-B-13 on lung cancer cell proliferation was determined in vitro. The IC50 values determined after application periods of 24 and 48 h were found to be 16.13 ?g/mL and 12.96 ?g/mL, respectively. The role of HMCNPs-B-13 on the morphology and ultrastructure of A549 cells was also investigated by confocal microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Bis(2-amino-5-nitropyridine)dichloroplatinum(II), [PtCl2L12] and bis(3,4-dimethylpyridine)dichloroplatinum(II), [PtCl2L22] complexes were synthesized and characterized via FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectrometers. Single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements were conducted to determine the crystal structure of the [PtCl2L22] complex. The [PtCl2L22] was crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system with P21/c space group. The crystal parameters were Z = 2, a = 9.5881(5) A, b = 12.5863(7) A and c = 13.5363(7) A. Experimental data are supported by the theoretical calculations. LanL2DZ based DFT/B3LYP method was used determine the molecular structures of the complexes for their probable most stable status. Potential energy distribution analysis was made for to confer the vibrational transitions for the complexes. Molecular electrostatic potential maps, frontier molecular orbitals and Mulliken charge distribution were calculated and the active regions of the molecules were determined. In this study, for to investigate the interaction mechanisms of [PtCl2L12] and [PtCl2L22] complexes with colon cancer protein molecular docking study was performed. The thermal analyses of the complexes were carried out via DTA/TGA/TG combined system. The activation energies of the complexes were calculated to be 134.31–175.40 kJ/mol via Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and 132.42–179.41 kJ/mol via Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods. The cytotoxic effects of the complexes against the colon cancer cell line (DLD-1) were investigated. The complexes were found to be cytotoxic against DLD-1 colon cancer cell lines, A549 human lung cancer cells and Beas-2Bhealthy human lung epithelial cells. The results indicate that the [PtCl2L12] complex, in which amino and nitro groups are bound as ligand on the pyridine ring, have higher cytotoxic effect.

Bortezomib loaded CaMoO4:Eu3+-MCM-41 nanocomposites were prepared and used in drug release studies. The surface of the synthesized mesoporous MCM-41 was functionalized with CaMoO4:Eu3+ with the gel obtained by Pechini sol-gel method. After calcination at 700 degrees C, CaMoO4:Eu3+-MCM-41 nanocomposites were obtained onto which Bortezomib was loaded via supercritical carbon dioxide technique at 200 bars and 40 degrees C. Structural characterization of MCM-41and the nanocomposites were made via XRD, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies. Their particle sizes and morphologies were investigated by FE-SEM. The amount of drug loaded onto the nano-composites was investigated by TG. Pore volumes were determined by N-2 adsorption/desorption analysis. In vitro drug release studies were performed at 37 degrees C in SBF. The amount of drug released was determined via UV-vis spectrometric analysis. Luminescent properties and the release process were investigated by monitoring the changes in the luminescence intensity over time via photoluminescence spectrometer. MTT method was used for cell viability/toxicity studies.

In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based electrode materials were developed to achieve a hybrid supercapacitor (SC) function. Therefore, several synthesis methods were developed to prepare a cost effective and environmentally friendly rGO. Additionally, to maintain the high surface area, spinel lithium titanate (sLTO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and deposited on the rGO surface to inhibit the restacking of the rGO layers on graphite. Furthermore, the adequate Fe-doping of sLTO increased the ionic conductivity and the intercalation capacity, which is necessary for a SC performance. The sLTO/rGO-composites were electrochemically analysed by chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to determine the stability during charge/discharge cycling and the capacity, respectively. To overcome the drawback of LTO's low conductivity values, its value has been drastically increased by Fe-doping. The results demonstrated the remarkable cycling performance of the Fe:LTO/rGO composite as well as a higher capacity compared to LTO/rGO and pure rGO-electrodes. The thermal stability, degradation and weight loss of the sLTO/rGO in the temperature range between 20 °C and 800 °C were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG)/DTA. As a conclusion, it can be stated that, increasing the ionic conductivity by Fe-doping drastically increases the hybrid capacity of the SC electrodes.

The complexes represented with the general formula [ML2Cl2] (L: 2-fluoropyridine; M: Ni (II), Cu (II), Co (II)) were synthesized and their structures were characterized via FT-IR and H-1 NMR techniques. Thermal properties of the complexes were also investigated via TG/DTA combined system under N-2 atmosphere. The complexes containing cellulose acetate (CA) micro/nano-fibers, which is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, were obtained via electrospinning technique. The fibers were characterized via FT-IR spectroscopy. FE-SEM images of the fibers were used to investigate their morphologies and for to determine the diameters of the fibers. Thermal properties of the fibers were investigated via TG/DTA combined system. Antibacterial studies of the complexes and fibers were investigated against the bacteria strains E. coli and Methyciline Resistant Staphylocaucus aureus via disc diffusion, broth microdilution and JIS L 1902: 2008, Testing method for antibacterial activity of textiles. Different levels Antibacterial activity was observed for all complexes and fibers. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

World Health Organization projected the number of deaths due to cancer alone to be ~13.1 million by 2030. To a certain extent conventional chemotherapy has been successful, but poor bioavailability, high-dose requirements, adverse side effects, low therapeutic indices, development of multiple drug resistance, and non-specific targeting have been severe limitations to its success. These limitations can be overcome via “theranostics” as it is precision medicine providing simultaneous diagnosis, targeted treatment and monitoring. Here the major actor is the drug –the therapeutic compound. It is importance to develop new green chemistries and technologies to produce supramolecular nanomedicines by employing appropriate inorganic and organic structures as theranostic platforms. SrMoO4:Eu3+- MCM-41-ɣ-Fe2O3 composite was synthesized and characterized via FT-IR and XRD techniques. XRD pattern of SrMoO4:Eu3+- MCM-41-ɣ-Fe2O3 composite shows the presence of SrMoO4 (PDF card No: 01-075-4312), γ-Fe2O3 (PDF card no: 00-013-0458) and amorphous SiO2 structures. The drug loading was investigated via TG systems. The amount of Ibuprofen loaded in the drug loaded SrMoO4:Eu3+-MCM-41-ɣ-Fe2O3 microstructures, which were calculated from the TG curves, was found to be 14%. The release behavior of ibuprofen from SrMoO4:Eu3+- MCM-41-ɣ-Fe2O3-Ibu was investigated in the PBS solution at pH = 7.4 and at 37 oC for 66 h. In the first 8 h., Ibuprofen is released on the surface absorbed and clinging to weak interactions. After than, Slow release of ibuprofen attached to the pores was observed.

Novel pyridine derivative platinum complexes with the general formula [PtCl2L2] (L1: 2-fluoropyridine, L2:2-amino-3-methyl pyridine) were synthesized and their structural characterizations were made using FT-IR, UV–vis, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques as well as via the theoretical calculations. Using the DFT/MPW1PW91 method with LanL2DZ basis set the most probable molecular structure for the most stable complexes was determined. The potential energy distribution analysis was made for to confer the complexes their vibrational assignments. The molecular electrostatic potential, highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest occupied molecular orbital were also calculated. The thermal decomposition reactions of the complexes were investigated via DTA/TG combined system. The decomposition kinetics were calculated by using FWO and KAS methods. The average activation energies of the complexes were calculated to be 31.72–184.61 kJ/mol via FWO and 29.17–184.53 kJ/mol via KAS methods. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was tested against colon cancer cell line (DLD-1) and the [PtCl2L12] complex was found to be more effective than [PtCl2L22] against over 24 h incubation period. The results showed that thus synthesized pyridine-derived platinum complexes may be used as effective chemotherapeutic agents in treatment of colon cancer.

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method, and their cytotoxic, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities on human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were investigated for the first time, and the morphological and ultrastructural changes of these cells were monitored. The structural characterizations of the synthesized nanoparticles were made by using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) and Raman techniques. Cytotoxicity and confocal microscopy studies revealed that the CZTS NPs effectively entered into the A549 cells in a dose-dependent not time-dependent manner over a period of 24 and 48 h. It was observed that the CZTS NPs had a negligible cytotoxic effect and considerable antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities. The low cytotoxicity of the CSTZ NPs and their potent anticancer activity against A549 cells highlight their potential to be used as anticancer agents. This study may pave the way for designing and constructing various morphologically diverse, nanotextured materials with desired functional attributes.

Indium sulfide thin films consisting of In2S3 and In6S7 phases were synthesized onto microscope glass substrates with different nanoparticle size using the chemical bath deposition method (CBD). Immediately after obtaining the films, they were annealed at 400 degrees C for 1 h in reduced media in order to get better crystallization. The effect of nanoparticle sizes on the structural, compositional, optical, and electrical properties of the films was investigated. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), UV-Vis spectroscopy and sheet resistivity measurements. The XRD spectra revealed the existence of both the cubic In2S3 and monoclinic In6S7 phases. From the SEM micrographs, the deposited films showed dense and good coverage of the surface with cracks. Moreover, nanoparticle sizes increased from 53 nm to 142 nm with increasing deposition time as well as film thickness. With an increase in nanoparticle size, the S/In ratio in the films decreased from 1.74 to 1.21 showing sulfur deficiency in the deposited films. The direct band gap (E-g) of the films decreased from 3.35 eV to 2.70 eV with increasing nanoparticle size. The sheet resistivity of the films decreased from 1.69 x 10(7)Omega/Sq to 4.61 x 10(3)Omega/Sq. The obtained results demonstrate that nanoparticle sizes effected the structural, compositional, optical and sheet resistivity of the films. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Sr4-xAl14O25:xEu(3+) (x varies from 0.02 to 0.06) phosphors were prepared at high temperature via solid-state method. The crystal structure of Sr4Al14O25:Eu3+ was determined to be orthorhombic crystal system with Pmmm space group. The excitation spectrum of Sr3.96Al14O25:0.04Eu(3+) shows four excitation bands at 308 nm, 360 nm, 383 nm, and 411 nm, respectively. The first excitation band, which is centered at 308 nm, is assigned to the charge-transfer (CTLM) band of Eu3+-O-2, and others are assigned to intra-4f transitions between 393 nm and 450 nm. The emission spectrum of Sr3.96Al14O25:0.04Eu(3+) exhibits a series of emission bands which are attributed to the D-5(0)-F-7(j) (j = 0-4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. The luminescence studies revealed that the Eu3+ ions show high luminescence efficiency in emitting red light at 616 nm. The thermo-luminescence glow curve of Sr3.96Al14O25:0.04Eu(3+) shows three overlapped glow peaks between 100 degrees C and 400 degrees C which are related to the defects at different trap depths. One of the selected glow curves was analyzed by using glow curve deconvolution (GCD) method. In order to explore the related kinetic parameters of P1 Gartia, Singh & Mazumdar peak shape (PS) method was also used. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The target of this study is to determine the interrelation among serum Li level on bone metabolism (Ca, P, Parathormon, and Vitamin-D), sex and metabolic hormones (estrogen, FSH, LH and TSH), and some biochemical parameters in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study is carried out with 10 women: 5 premenopausal and 5 postmenopausal women. The serum Li levels, bone metabolism indicators (i.e., ALP, Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn) and some biochemical parameters such as serum tryglyceride, alkalene phosphatase, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and cholesterol levels were determined. The estrogen blood level of women in menopause period was found to be lower than that of women in pre-menopause period (p

The stability of the optical parameters of a ruthenium polypyridyl complex (Ru-PC K314) film under varying annealing temperatures between 278 K and 673 K was investigated. The ruthenium polypyridyl complex thin film was prepared on a quartz substrate by drop casting technique. The transmission of the film was recorded by using Ultraviolet/Visible/Near Infrared spectrophotometer and the optical band gap energy of the as-deposited film was determined around 2.20 eV. The optical parameters such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant of the film were determined and the annealing effect on these parameters was investigated. The results show that Ru PC K314 film is quite stable up to 595 K, and the rate of the optical band gap energy change was found to be 5.23 × 10- 5 eV/K. Furthermore, the thermal analysis studies were carried out in the range 298-673 K. The Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermal Gravimmetry/Differantial Thermal Gravimmetry curves show that the decomposition is incomplete in the temperature range 298-673 K. Ru-PC K314 is thermally stable up to 387 K. The decomposition starts at 387 K with elimination of functional groups such as CO2, CO molecules and SO3H group was eliminated between 614 K and 666 K., State Planning Organization of Turkey (DPT2003K120390); Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TBAG-109T240)

Ca1-xMoO4:xEu3+ (x varies from 0.02 to 0.07) phosphors were prepared via complex polymerization method (CPM). It was determined that CaMoO4:Eu3+ has powellite crystal structure with space group ??41/?? (No.88). The cell parameters are ?? = ?? = 5.217 A and ?? = 11.414 A. The intense bands observed in the excitation spectrum of Ca0.95MoO4:0.05Eu3+ at 240 nm and 281 nm belong to the charge transfer transition in O2− → Mo6+ and O2− → Eu3+ groups and these bands overlap with each other. Aside from these bands, five other bands were observed in the excitation spectrum between 350 and 500 nm that belong to 7F0→5D4, 7F0→5G4, 7F0→5L6, 7F0→5D2, 7F0→5D2 electronic transitions of Eu3+. The emission spectrum of Ca0.95MoO4:0.05Eu3+ exhibits a series of emission bands between 550 nm and 750 nm that can be attributed to the 5D0→7Fj (j = 0–4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. The thermoluminescence properties of Ca0.95MoO4:0.05Eu3+ were investigated in detail and the glow curves were analyzed via glow curve deconvolution (GCD) method. The results showed that Ca0.95MoO4:0.05Eu3+ was composed of four general order TL glow peaks. The f(D) function was investigated at a heating rate of 1 °C/s and the linear (f(D) = 1) behavior of the curves at very low doses was found to be followed by a supralinear (f(D) > 1) behavior up to nearly 102 Gy.

Mesoporous 2-Chlorobenzoylthiourea-modified MCM-41 was prepared and loaded with ibuprofen in a supercritical carbon dioxide (sC-CO2) environment. 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-41 was prepared and also characterized via XRD, FT-IR, SEM and BET techniques. The (100) and (110) reflections observed at low angle XRD show the mesoporous SiO2 structure. The paticule size of non-uniform spheres were observed at a range of 250-305 nm. BET surface areas were calculated as 1506 m2 / g for MCM-41 and 306 m2/g 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-4, respectively. The absorption and releasing studies of ibuprofen were caried out in simulated body fluid. The result revealed that high adsorption capacity for drug with 2-chloro-benzoythiourea modified MCM-41 and slower drug release rate was achieved.

The extraction of Lavandula Officinalis (lavender) and Hypericum Perforatum (centaury) plants grown in Mersin region were extracted by supercritical carbondioxide extraction system (P=100 bar, T=40o C). The chemical composition of the lavender and centaury extracts were analysed by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrograph (GC-MS). For antioxidant activity experiments, 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhidrazine (DPPH) radical was used in radical effect tests. For antimicrobial activity studies, Bacillussubtilis, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichiacoli, Staphylococcusaureus, Pseudomonasaeruginosa and Streptococcuspneumoniae with Nutrient Agar Broth (NA) and Eosin Methylene-blue lactose sucrose agar (EMB) broth were used. For determining antimicrobial effect of plant extracts, diffusion method was used. Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the obtained extracts were examined and have been determined that the resulting extracts have significant antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. The extracts were also used in cosmetic cream formulas as protectives. Effective results have also been determined in antibacterial activity studies of creams after 6 months.

ZnO nanopowder was synthesized via a hydrothermal route and characterized with several methods such as XRD, TG/DTA, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectroscopy (EPR) in order to investigate the effect of growing time and Mn doping on the defects which occurred. The pure ZnO nanopowder was obtained in a hexagonal phase with (101) as the preferred orientation except for the one prepared for 36 h which is (002). The growing time does effect the orientation of the crystallite whereas the Mn-doping does not. The concentration of Mn2+ significantly increases the spin–spin interaction in the ZnO : Mn nanopowder. It was observed that there was a competition between intrinsic (Zn and O vacancies) and extrinsic (Mn2+ ion) structural defects but still the former defects are dominant in ZnO : Mn. The effect of growing time and concentration of Mn2+ on the activation energy of ZnO and the ZnO : Mn nanopowder are calculated by Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) methods.

Fuel additives have been used to improve engine performance and also to reduce the pollutant emissions that occur after the combustion in engine. The effect of additions of bis-( N , N -dimethyl- N ′-2-chlorobenzoylthioureato)palladium (II), PdL 2 and bis-( N , N -dimethyl- N ′-2-chlorobenzoylthioureato)nickel (II), NiL 2 complexes into diesel as metal additives was investigated experimentally. PdL 2 and NiL 2 complexes were added as 50 and 100 ppm to diesel and the properties (density, viscosity, calorific value, Cetane number, sulphur content, flash point, pour point and copper strip corrosion) of each test fuel were investigated. In general, the metal additives haven’t led to major changes on fuel properties of diesel. However pour point values of additive blends reduced while flash point increased compared to diesel. All blends were tested in a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine to find out the performance and emission characteristic. The results revealed that the use of PdL 2 and NiL 2 complexes nickel has no significant effect on engine torque and brake power while considerable decrease was obtained for engine pollutant emissions (CO, NO x and smoke). Also the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) showed overall declining trend.

The dichlorobispyridinecopper(II) complex, [CuPy2Cl2], and its decomposition intermediates were synthesized and characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, far-IR, reflectance UV, atomic absorption spectroscopy techniques. The thermal decomposition reactions of the [CuPy2Cl2] were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA)/thermogravimetry (TG) combined system. The intermediates and the final products were analyzed by high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction (HT-XRD) technique. The XRD pattern of the complex indexed as [CuPy2Cl2] (PDF: 00-014-991) has a monoclinic crystal system, P21/n (14) space group with a = 16.9673 A, b = 8.5596 A, c = 3.8479 A; α = γ = 90.00°, β = 91.98°, V = 558.51 A3 and Z = 2.00. After comparison of thermogravimetric results of the [CuPy2Cl2], the decomposition mechanism was suggested. The intermediates were prepared separately at 217 and 245 °C temperatures which were chosen from TG curve by using a tube furnace under N2 atmosphere and characterized. The spectroscopic results reveal that the structure of the intermediates to be [CuPyCl2] and [CuPy2/3Cl2] formulas (hereafter abbreviated as 2 and 3, respectively). MALDI-TOF MS spectra of the 2 and 3 show [M+H]+ (m/z = 214.978) and [M−H]+ (m/z = 185.614), [M+C2H3O]+ (m/z = 221.002) molecular ion peaks which correspond to suggested structure for 2 and 3, respectively. Also, HT-XRD results revealed that the 2 and 3 are new phases and there is no any certain information of these phases in the literature. The values of the activation energy, E a, were calculated by model-free (Kissenger–Akahira–Sunose, Flyn–Wall–Ozawa) methods for all decomposition stages.

Carbon dioxide assisted particle formation combined with electrospraying using supercritical CO

The Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+ and Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphors were prepared by the conventional solid state method. The structural characterization, surface morphology and the thermoluminescence properties of these phosphors were studied and then the obtained results were compared. The crystal structure of the Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor was determined as orthorhombic crystal system with Pmmm space group with unit cell parameters of a=24.7746 A, b=8.4949 A, and c=4.8819 A; α=β=γ=90°; and V=1027.438 (A)3. Both Eu2+ and Eu2+/Dy3+ co-doped phosphors have similar XRD pattern because of a little amount of doping ions. The thermoluminecence properties of these phosphors were investigated and the results were also compared. The results have proved that the total peak intensity for Eu2+ and Dy3+ co-doped phosphor is higher than that of Eu2+ doped. The trap parameters which are mainly activation energy (Ea), the frequency factor (s) and the order of the kinetics (b) were evaluated by using the computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) method. The calculated trap depths are in the range from 0.55 to 1.27 eV.

Sr 3− x WO 6 : x Eu 3+ ( x varies from 0.01 to 0.06) phosphors have been prepared at high temperature by the solid-state method. The crystal structure of Sr 2.95 WO 6 :0.05Eu 3+ phosphor has been determined as a triclinic P-1 space group with a =8.3608 (19) A, b =8.2903 (24) A, c =8.2145 (23) A, α =89.79 (3) ° , β =89.82 (3) ° , and γ =89.753 (22) ° . The excitation spectrum of Sr 2.95 WO 6 :0.05Eu 3+ phosphor reveals five excitation bands: one is assigned to the charge-transfer (CTLM) band of Sr 3 WO 6 host at 307 nm, and another is assigned to intra-4f transitions between 393 nm and 600 nm. The emission spectrum of Sr 2.95 WO 6 :0.05Eu 3+ phosphor exhibits a series of emission bands, which are attributed to the 5 D 0 → 7 F j ( j =0−4) transitions of Eu 3+ ions. The luminescence studies revealed that the Eu 3+ ions show high luminescent efficiency in emitting red light at 616 nm. The thermoluminescence glow curve shows one dominant glow peak observed at 56 °C which is related to the defects at shallow trap depth. The trap parameters mainly activation energy ( E a ) and the order of the kinetics ( b ) were evaluated by using Rasheedy's three points method (TPM).

Lavander ( Lavandula sp.) is a precious essential oil plant from the Lamiaceae family. There are 39 lavender species ( Lavandula sp.) most of which have Mediterranean origin and among them three have high commercial value. While the essential oil quality of the lavender species (British lavender) is high the lavandin species (hybrid lavender) have high essential oil yield [2, 52]. In this study, the content of the extracts obtained from Lavandula angustifolia, which were grown in Burdur Ortulu locality, was determined via HPLC and GC analysis and the anti-microbial effect of the essential oil L. angustifolia was investigated. The study was made with the dried flowers of L. angustifolia . Some of the dried flowers were extracted and the essential oil was distilled from the remaining part. Various phenolic compounds in the extract were quantitatively determined by HPLC. Quantitatively cafeic, rosemeric and the 4-hydroxybenzoic acids were the most abundant phenolic acids in the content in decreasing order. In the GC analysis 31 different compounds were determined: Linalool and Linalil Acetate having the highest concentration. Anti-microbial effect was determined against the most frequently encountered microorganisms in the cosmetics: Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus brasiliensis. According to the results it is concluded that the essential oil, L. angustifolia , can be used either directly or incorporated into the cosmetics without the necessity for any other extra preservative against the said microrganisms. According to the literature these microorganisms, which are frequently found in creams, cause various diseases. It was observed that the essential oil L. Angustifolia could completely remove the contamination caused by the said micro-organisms as of the 14. day.

Sr 4−x Al 14 O 25 :xEu 3+ (x varies from 0.02 to 0.06) phosphors were prepared at high temperature via solid-state method. The crystal structure of Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 :Eu 3+ was determined to be orthorhombic crystal system with Pmmm space group. The excitation spectrum of Sr 3.96 Al 14 O 25 :0.04Eu 3+ shows four excitation bands at 308 nm, 360 nm, 383 nm, and 411 nm, respectively. The first excitation band, which is centered at 308 nm, is assigned to the charge-transfer (CTLM) band of Eu 3+ -O 2− , and others are assigned to intra-4f transitions between 393 nm and 450 nm. The emission spectrum of Sr 3.96 Al 14 O 25 :0.04Eu 3+ exhibits a series of emission bands which are attributed to the 5 D 0 - 7 F j (j = 0–4) transitions of Eu 3+ ions. The luminescence studies revealed that the Eu 3+ ions show high luminescence efficiency in emitting red light at 616 nm. The thermo-luminescence glow curve of Sr 3.96 Al 14 O 25 :0.04Eu 3+ shows three overlapped glow peaks between 100 °C and 400 °C which are related to the defects at different trap depths. One of the selected glow curves was analyzed by using glow curve deconvolution (GCD) method. In order to explore the related kinetic parameters of P1 Gartia, Singh & Mazumdar peak shape (PS) method was also used.

Thermal properties of [cis-(dithiocyanato)(4,5-diazafluoren-9-one)(4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)], [Ru(L 1)(L 2)(NCS)2] (where the ligands L 1 = 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one, L 2 = 4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bipyridyl) have been investigated by DTA/TG/DTG measurements under inert atmosphere in the temperature range of 30–1155 °C. The mass spectroscopy technique has been used to identify the products during pyrolytic decomposition. The pyrolytic final products have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction technique. A decomposition mechanism has been also suggested for the cis-[Ru(L 1)(L 2)(NCS)2] complex based on the results of thermogravimetrical and mass analysis. The values of the activation energy, E* have been obtained by using model-free Kissenger–Akahira–Sunose and Flyn–Wall–Ozawa non-isothermal methods for all decomposition stages. Thirteen kinetic model equations have been tested for selecting the best reaction models. The best model equations have been determined as A2, A3, D1, and D2 which correspond to nucleation and growth mechanism for A2 and A3 and diffusion mechanism for D1 and D2. The optimized average values of E* are 31.35, 58.48, 120.85, and 120.56 kJ mol−1 calculated by using the best model equations for four decomposition stages, respectively. Also, the average Arrhenius factor, A, has been obtained as 2.21, 2.61, 2.52, and 2.21 kJ mol−1 using the best model equation for four decomposition stages, respectively. The ΔH*, ΔS*, and ΔG* functions have been calculated using the optimized values.

A novel thiourea derivative, N -(6-methylpyridin-2-yl-carbamothioyl)biphenyl-4-carbox amide, is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction study. There are two independent molecules A and B in the asymmetric unit. The short bond lengths of the C-N bonds in the central thiourea fragment indicate partial double bond character in this fragment of the title compound. These results can be explained by the existence of resonance in this part of the molecule. Each A and B molecule is stabilized with an intramolecular N-H•••O hydrogen bond which results in the formation of a pseudo six membered ring. In addition, the independent molecules are linked into a chain along the c axis by weak N-H•••S intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The conformational behavior and structural stability of the optimized geometry of the title compound were also investigated by utilizing ab- initio calculations with 6-31G* basis set at HF, BLYP, and B3LYP levels. The calculated parameters are in good agreement with the corresponding X-ray diffraction values.

Long persistent afterglow phosphor, Ba4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+ was prepared at high temperature by a solid state reaction in a weak reductive atmosphere. The crystal structure of Ba4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+ has been determined as an orthorhombic Pmmm space group with a=18.200(6) A, b=16.923(6) A, c=5.131(21) A, V=1580.3(9) A3 and Z=8. The reflectance measurement was obtained by using the Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometer and the band gap energy of the undoped host phase of Ba4Al14O25 was calculated by using Kubelka-Munk treatment on the diffuse reflectance spectra, and found to be 4.72 eV. The excitation and emission peaks are broad bands and the main emission peak at 520 nm with shoulder at 496 nm belongs to the intrinsic defect of the host and 4f65d1→4f7 transition of Eu2+, respectively. The afterglow decay curve implied that this phosphor contains fast and slow-decay processes. The thermoluminescence glow curve showed one dominant glow peak observed at 50 oC and two weak glow peaks at around 140 oC and 220 oC which are related to the defects at different trap depths.

The [Cu(pydc)(eim)3]·H2O (1), [Cu(pydc)(4hp)(H2O)] (2) and [Ni(pydc)(3hp)(H2O)2][Cu(pydc)(3hp)(H2O)2]·3H2O (3) complexes (H2pydc = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid or dipicolinic acid, eim = 2-ethylimidazole, 4hp = 4-hydroxypyridine, 3hp = 3-hydroxypyridine) were studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis at an ambient temperature up to 1000 K under nitrogen atmosphere. The complexes are stable about 350 K, and the decomposition reactions were carried out in seven, three and four stages for the complexes 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Following detailed thermo-gravimetrical analysis of the complexes, the decomposition mechanism was suggested for all complexes. The kinetic analysis of all decomposition stages of each compound was performed except for the final stages. The values of the activation energy, Ea, were obtained using model-free Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Flyn–Wall–Ozawa methods for all decomposition stages. © 2016, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

WOS: 000362682600005, [Cu(pydc)(im)](n) (1), [Cu(pydc)(mim)(3)].2H(2)O (2), [Cu(pydc)(ampy)(H2O)].H2O (3), and [Cu(pydc)(phen)][Cu(Hpydc)(2)] (4) (H(2)pydc=2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid or dipicolinic acid, im=imidazole, mim=2-methylimidazole, ampy=2-amino-4-methylpyridine, and phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic measurements (UV-vis and IR spectra) and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1, 2 and 3 were studied by thermogravimetric analysis from ambient temperature to 1100K under nitrogen and thermal stabilities were investigated. The effects of complexes on proliferation of fibrosarcoma cells were investigated using the Quick Cell Proliferation Assay. The cell viability changes depend on the concentrations and type of complexes. According to cell proliferation/viability data, 4 was determined to be the most cytotoxic., Dumlupinar UniversityDumlupinar University [20012/22], This work was supported by Dumlupinar University [project number 20012/22].

[Cu(pydc)(eim)3]∙H2O (1), [Cu(pydc)(4hp)(H2O)] (2), and [Ni(pydc)(3hp)(H2O)2][Cu(pydc)(3hp)(H2O)2]∙3H2O (3) (H2pydc = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid or dipicolinic acid, eim = 2-ethylimidazole, 4hp = 4-hydroxypyridine, 3hp = 3-hydroxypyridine) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic measurements (UV–vis and IR spectra), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal analysis revealed that the complexes extended to 3-D supramolecular networks through intermolecular H-bonding and molecular interactions between the ligand moieties and water molecules. The thermal stabilities of complexes are investigated by thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis techniques. The effects of complexes on the proliferation of HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells were investigated using the quick cell proliferation assay. The cell viability changes were found to depend on the concentrations and type of complex.

PbS thin films with deposition times of 100, 115, 130 and 145 min were prepared by chemical bath deposition method at room temperature. Their crystal structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction. All films were polycrystalline with a cubic rock salt structure. The morphological properties of the films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The optical properties of the films were studied using the absorbance, transmittance and reflectance spectra. The optical band gap of the films decreased from 2.65 eV to 2.50 eV with increasing deposition time. The optical parameters of the materials such as refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants Were also determined. The electrical conductivity of the PbS film increased from 1.791 x 10(-6) to 1.655 x 10(-3) (Omega cm)(-1) with increasing deposition time. Thermoluminescence intensity of the films was measured after irradiating the films with a beta source for 15 min at room temperature and the kinetic parameters were obtained by using the computer glow curve deconvolution method. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.