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Dünya genelinde 6. en sık kanser olan baş boyun kanserleri genetik olarak karmaşıktır. Tütün, alkol ve HPV ana risk faktörleridir. Karmaşık oluşum mekanizmaları nedeni ile tedavisinde güçlükler yaşanmaktadır. Kemoterapi, radyoterapi ve immunoterapiye rağmen hastalıksız sağ kalım, hayat kalitesi, nüksün ve uzak metastaz konularında anlamlı ilerleme kaydedilememiştir. Bu nedenle gelişim yolaklarına etkin hedefe yönelik tedavilerle ilgili çalışmalar hem deneysel hem de klinik olarak devam etmektedir.Fosfatidil inozitol 3-kinaz/ Protein kinaz B/ memeli Rapamisin Hedefi yolu, Epidermal Büyüme Faktörü Reseptörü sinyalizasyonu, Vasküler Endotelyal Büyüme Faktörü Reseptörü sinyalizasyonu, Fibroblast Büyüme Faktörü Reseptörü sinyalizasyonu ve Mitojen Aktive Protein Kinaz/Ekstraselüler Sinyal Düzenleyici Kinaz sinyalizasyonu gibi klasik hedeflerle ilgili birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Cetuximab, pembrolizumab ve nivolumab onay almış ve klinkte kullanılan moleküllerin başında gelmektedir.Klasik hedeflerin haricinde Hepatosit Büyüme Faktörü sinyalizasyonu, Siklin Bağımlı Kinaz 4/6 inhibitörü ve Notch sinyalizasyonu ile ilgili yeni çalışmalar bulunmaktadır.Diğer tedavi modalitelerine göre daha az yan etki profiline sahip olması beklenen yeni moleküllerin bazen tek başına bazen de mevcut tedaviye ek olarak kullanılabilmesi planlanmaktadır. Radyoterapiye gelişen direncin azaltılması, kemoterapiye bağlı oluşan ciddi yan etkilerin azaltılması da beklenen hedefler arasındadır. Hedefe yönelik tedavilerin amaçlarından bir tanesi daha spesifik etkilerle yan etkileri sınırlandırmak olsa da tedavide başarısızlığa neden olabilecek hedef dışı ciddi yan etkiler de oluşturabilir.Artan yeni hasta sayısı, tedavilerde anlamlı başarıların elde edilememesi ve ciddi yan etkiler yeni çalışmaların yapılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır.

Kanser, modern toplumun en yaygın ve korkulan hastalıklarından biridir. Son yıllarda insidansı giderek artmaktadır. Kanserin moleküler özelliklerinin anlaşılmaya başlamasıyla birlikte çalışmalar hedefe yönelik tedaviler üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu kitabın amacı ise kanserlere yeni hedefli terapötik yaklaşimlara ilişkin literatürü analiz etmektir. Bu kitap temel bilim, kanserlere özgü moleküler yaklaşımlar ve sinyal yolakları, hedefli ilaçlar, klinik araştırmalar ve psikoterapi gibi alanları kapsamaktadır. Kanser veya çoklu stres tepkileri birçok insan, hayvan ve bitki hastalığının altında yatmaktadır ve bu da kitap içeriğimizin önemli bir bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu kitabın konu yelpazesi, kanserle ilişkili hastalıklar dünya çapında hızla ilerledikçe büyük bir güncelliğe sahip olacaktır.

Bu araştırmada okul öncesi ve sınıf öğretmenlerinin hayat boyu öğrenme ve uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları incelenmiştir. Araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu İstanbul’un bir ilçesindeki kamu ilkokullarında ve bu okullar bünyesinde hizmet veren anasınıflarında görev yapan 398 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama araçları olarak “Yaşam Boyu Öğrenme Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Öğretmenlere Yönelik Uzaktan Eğitim Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 paket programı ve DFA için ise AMOS programı kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizlere göre öğretmenlerin hayat boyu öğrenme tutum düzeyleri yüksek ve uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutum düzeyleri ise düşük olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin hayat boyu öğrenme ve uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutum düzeylerinin cinsiyet, branş ve meslekî kıdeme göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Fakat öğretmenlerin hayat boyu öğrenme tutum düzeylerinin Öğrenme İsteksizliği boyutunda kadın ve okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin lehine anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda erkek ve okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin öğrenme isteksizliklerinin azaltılması yönünde kendilerine hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi; ayrıca bu öğretmen gruplarının öğrenme isteksizlikleri altında yatan sebeplerin nitel araştırmalarla incelenmesi önerilmektedir.

Osteomas are slow-growing benign osseous tumors that particularly located in the paranasal sinuses (PS). Here, we aimed to define the clinical symptoms and features, diagnostic conditions caused by osteomas located in four different PSs, to evaluate the surgical indications and methods, to compare the factors that can affect the surgical decision, radiological findings, and prognosis.The data of patients with paranasal sinus lesions and diagnosed as osteoma according to the radiological imaging, who applied to our clinic between 2010 and 2020, were retrospectively collected and re-evaluated in the light of clinical, radiological, and pathological data. Patients who underwent surgical treatments and were definitively diagnosed as osteoma by pathology were enrolled in this study.We presented the data of 117 patients retrospectively. Most of these cases (n = 77, 65.8%) had an osteoma located in the frontal sinus, while 32 cases (27.4%) had osteoma in the ethmoid, two cases (1.7%) had in sphenoid and six cases (5.1%) had in maxillary sinus. We found that the presence of symptoms, diameter of osteoma, surgical indications including state of sinus drainage, and chronic/recurrent sinusitis influence the choices of physicians in management of frontal sinus osteomas. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between the grading systems defined to classify the frontal sinus osteoma to be operated (r = 0.878, 95% CI: 0.724-0.949, P0.0001).There are several grading systems useful for the choice of surgical approaches, however, the clinical symptoms and surgical indications should not be neglected in the follow-up of patients with frontal sinus osteoma. If there are concerns about the grade of osteoma and the endoscopic approach is considered not to be sufficient for resection, the surgical procedure may be initiated endoscopically, and, if necessary, it can be combined with an external approach.

Background/Aim: Closure of anterior tympanic membrane perforation is surgically demanding with high rates of graft failure. The anterior tab flap (ATF) technique is a modification of underlay tympanoplasty which claims higher success rates for repairing anterior and subtotal perforations. Our main aim was to compare graft take rates of ATF and underlay techniques in anterior tympanic membrane perforations.Method: In this retrospective cohort study, 41 patients with anterior tympanic membrane perforations who underwent tympanoplasty at a tertiary referral center were analyzed. The patients were grouped according to the technique used. Demographic, clinical, and follow-up information as well as preoperative and postoperative 6th-month audiometric data were collected and compared between the groups. Results: Four patients were lost to follow-up. Eighteen patients in the ATF arm and 19 patients in the underlay arm were compared. Graft take rates were 94.4% in the ATF group and 73.7% in the underlay group (P=0.180). An air conduction threshold average of 0.05). The postoperative ABG of the ATF and underlay group patients were less than 20 dB in 76.5% and 78.9%, respectively (P>0.05). No graft lateralization, anterior blunting, or cholesteatoma were observed.Conclusion: ATF is a safe and effective technique with a higher success rate for repairing anterior tympanic membrane perforation.

Background and Purpose: The development of research knowledge, skills, and attitudes among postgraduate vocational-health education students is a crucial outcome of their degree program. This study focuses on the research competences of vocational-health education students and their use of web 2.0 technologies to enhance research productivity. The study employs the Vitae Researcher Development Framework (RDF) and examines the use of web 2.0 technologies. Method: The study surveyed 390 postgraduate vocational-health education students enrolled in universities in Pakistan. Of the participants, 50.5% were male, 49.5% were female, 45.1% were from private universities, and 54.9% were from public sector universities. Moreover, 68.2% were Master’s students, while 31.8% were doctoral students. The data were analyzed through both symmetrical and asymmetrical modeling techniques, including Partial least square equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), to measure the direct and indirect specific relationships among the constructs. Results: The results confirmed that research competences and web 2.0 technologies have a direct effect on research productivity. Furthermore, the results revealed that web 2.0 technologies mediate in the relationship between research competences and research productivity. Conclusions: The study concludes that research competences and web 2.0 technologies predict research productivity. Additionally, web 2.0 technologies have an intervening role in the relationship between research competences and research productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. Implications: This study highlights the broader implications for health education policymakers and institutions to include web 2.0 technologies in their development plans. Future studies can develop web 2.0-based instructional strategies for the professional development of advanced vocational-health education researchers. Originality: This study contributes to the knowledge of research competences, web 2.0 technologies, and research productivity for vocational-health education researchers.

The aim of this research is to evaluate teachers’ motivation and curriculum autonomy levels. The research is quantitative and descriptive and designed according to the survey model. The sample of the research consisted of 340 teachers who have been reached by simple random sampling method who have been worked in public primary and secondary schools in Istanbul. Motivation Scale developed by Gagne, Forest, Gilbert, Aube, Morin, and Malorni (2010) and adapted into Turkish by Cevik and Kose (2017) has been used to determine teachers’ motivation levels. Teachers’ curriculum autonomy levels have been determined with The Teacher Autonomy Scale developed by Yolcu (2019). According to the research results, teachers’ motivation and curriculum autonomy levels are high. It has been examined whether the motivation and curriculum autonomy levels of teachers differ significantly according to the variables gender, professional seniority, educational status and the number of projects participated in professional life. It has been found that the levels of motivation differ significantly according to gender and the levels of curriculum autonomy differ according to number of projects participated in professional life. Finally, the research has revealed that there is a medium-level, positive and significant relationship between teachers’ motivation and curriculum autonomy levels.

Objective: In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the rate of malignancy detected in patients who underwent tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy in our clinic, and to correlate the clinical findings of adults and children by giving their histopathological analysis. Methods: Histopathological specimens of 288 adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy cases operated in our clinic between years of 2017-2019 were collected retrospectively and re-evaluated with clinical data. Results: Malignancy was suspected clinically in 12.8% (n=37) of all cases, and most of them (n=33) were in tonsillectomy group. Although reactive lymphoid hyperplasia was a common diagnosis among all cases (92.7%), 11 (3.8%) patients were diagnosed as a benign/malign neoplasm. The malignancy rate among all cases was found to be 2.1% (6/288), among tonsillectomy cases was 8.8% (6/68). All malignancies were detected among tonsillectomy cases in adults. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis of adenotonsillar surgeries correlated with histopathological findings showed that the incidence of tonsil neoplasm in adult patients is higher than the previously published data. In the tonsillar tissues presenting with a surgical indication of clinical suspicion for malignancy such as ulceration and necrosis, and of enlargement of tonsils, a histopathological evaluation are obviously warranted. These results are in agreement with that a routine histopathological examination is needed to be regardless of the clinically presence of high malignancy suspicion prior to tonsillectomy in adults.An Erratum to this article was published on 05 January 2021. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kusbed/issue/59476/854715

In this study, it was aimed to determine the perceptions of teachers towards multiculturalism and their attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. The study is descriptive and designed according to the survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 192 teachers working at primary schools and temporary education centers in Esenyurt, Istanbul, in the 2017-2018 school year which were determined through convenience sampling. In the research, the “Multiculturalism Perception Scale” developed by Ayaz (2016) and the “Teacher Attitude Scale towards Undesirable Intraclass Behaviors of Students” developed by Tanhan and Senturk (2011) were used as data collection tools. The analysis of data was carried out with SPSS 22 programme. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that teachers have a positive perception about multiculturalism in general. However, a negative tendency was detected in teachers attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. It has been determined that teachers’ perceptions of multiculturalism don’t differ significantly according to gender, institution they work for, experience of being abroad, experience of in-service training for refugee/immigrant/asylum-seeker students, professional seniority year and class size where they teach differ significantly; but differ significantly in favor of those who can speak a language other than Turkish. In addition, teachers’ attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students differ significantly those who can speak a language other than Turkish from those who cannot speak and those with a professional seniority between 6-10 years from those between 11 and 15 years; but there is no significant difference was observed in other variables. Finally, it has been determined that there is no significant relationship between teachers’ perception of multiculturalism and their attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. In order to determine teacher attitudes in this regard, it is recommended that different data collection methods are employed and more comprehensive researches are conducted. Moreover, the reasons behind the negative attitude of teachers towards undesired student behaviors in the classroom can be examined in more depth. A number of in-service trainings to prevent problems related to undesirable student behavior can also be organized for teachers who work in multicultural classrooms and who are unexperienced in the profession.

Background/Aim: Surgery for tympanosclerosis with stapes fixation for hearing reconstruction is controversial, with many reports in the relevant literature advocate opposing suggestions. The primary aims were to evaluate hearing improvement with varied hearing reconstruction techniques performed for tympanosclerosis with stapes fixation. Methods: Patients with tympanosclerosis and stapes fixation, whose hearing impairment was re-constructed surgically and who were followed for 1-5 years were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. The audiological outcomes of reconstruction methods, including mobilization, partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP), total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP), and teflon pistons (TP) were documented.Results: The study included 76 ears of 76 patients; 29 ears in the mobilization technique group, 28 ears in the PORP technique group, 10 ears in the TORP technique group, and 9 ears in the TP technique group. When postoperative and preoperative hearing were evaluated, the mobilization and PORP techniques showed statistically significant improvement in both air conduction threshold gain and air-bone gap closure (P0.05). Bone conduction threshold showed no significant deterioration in any techniques. Conclusion: For hearing gain, mobilization and PORP were effective in tympanosclerosis patients with stapes fixation after removal of sclerotic plaques, whereas the TORP and TP techniques did not show significant improvement. It can be concluded that, if a functionally mobile stapes cannot be achieved, it is not advisable to perform TORP replacement or a stapedotomy. However, these methods may still be used in carefully selected patients and be successful in some.

Background: To our knowledge, there is no study comparing Ponto Plus® (Oticon Medical AB, Askim, Sweden) and Baha® 5 (Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AG, Mölnlycke, Sweden) available in the literature. Aims/objectives: The primary aim was to compare the performance of the Baha 5 with the Ponto Plus device in terms of speech understanding in quiet and in noise. In addition, to determine statistically whether or not the difference between the abutment systems created any variation in terms of skin reaction. Materials and methods: Twenty bone-anchored hearing instrument users, ten in each group, were evaluated for speech understanding in quiet and several signal-to-noise ratios using the Turkish Matrix Test in a two-speaker setup. The Holger classifications were also reviewed to determine adverse skin reactions. Results: It was revealed that the hearing results of both devices were similar and, when the skin reactions were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the two-implant systems. Conclusions and significance: Because of the similar results of the groups, it can be interpreted as the key different device features such as the size, weight, colour alternatives, and the ease of use of the devices might be important in terms of device preference.

The aim of this research is to evaluate teachers’ levels of motivation and participation in professional development activities. The research is descriptive and designed according to the screening model. The sample of the study consisted of 388 teachers working in state schools in Istanbul in the 2019-2020 academic year and determined by the simple random sampling method. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that teachers' levels of motivation and participation in professional development activities were high. In addition, it was found that motivation levels of teachers differed significantly in favour of female teachers, those who had bachelor’s degree and choose teaching profession of their own will, whereas it did not differ significantly according to the branches. On the other hand, it was determined that participation levels of teachers in professional development activities did not differ significantly according to gender, branch and education level, however, they differed significantly in favour of those who chose teaching profession of their own will. Finally, a moderate level, positive and statistically significant relation was found between teachers’ motivation and their levels of participation in professional development activities. In fact, it was found that the highest relation with professional development activities was in the dimension of identified regulation, yet there was no significant relation with external regulation. &nbsp

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının özyeterlik ve sosyal girişimcilik düzeylerini değerlendirmektir. Araştırma nicel yönteme göre yürütülmüş ve tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında öğretim yapan Dokuz Eylül, Ege, Adnan Menderes ve Uşak üniversitelerinin eğitim fakültelerinde birinci ve dördüncü sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 443 sınıf öğretmeni adayı oluşturmuştur. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının özyeterlik düzeylerine ilişkin veriler Tschannen-Moran ve Woolfolk-Hoy (2001) tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Çapa, Çakıroğlu ve Sarıkaya (2005) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış “Öğretmen Özyeterlik Ölçeği” ile sosyal girişimcilik düzeylerine ilişkin veriler ise Konaklı ve Göğüş’ün (2013) geliştirdiği “Aday Öğretmenlerin Sosyal Girişimcilik Özellikleri Ölçeği” ile elde edilmiştir. Veriler SPSS v.22 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının özyeterliklerinin “oldukça yeterli” ve sosyal girişimciliklerinin ise “yüksek” düzeyine karşılık geldiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca özyeterlik ve sosyal girişimcilik düzeyinin öğrenim görülen üniversite ve ağırlıklı genel not ortalamasına göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmadığı; hem özyeterlik hem de sosyal girişimcilik düzeyinin cinsiyete göre kadınların lehine ve sadece sosyal girişimcilik düzeyinin öğrenim görülen sınıf düzeyine göre dördüncü sınıfta öğrenim görenlerin lehine anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının özyeterlikleri ile sosyal girişimcilikleri arasında ise orta düzeyde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Özyeterliğe ait boyutların birlikte sosyal girişimcilikteki toplam varyansın yaklaşık %38’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında üniversite eğitimi aracılığı ile kazanılan özyeterliğin sosyal girişimcilik için bir başlangıç aşaması olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the perceptions of teachers towards multiculturalism and their attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. The study is descriptive and designed according to the survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 192 teachers working at primary schools and temporary education centers in Esenyurt, Istanbul, in the 2017-2018 school year which were determined through convenience sampling. In the research, the “Multiculturalism Perception Scale” developed by Ayaz (2016) and the “Teacher Attitude Scale towards Undesirable Intraclass Behaviors of Students” developed by Tanhan and Şentürk (2011) were used as data collection tools. The analysis of data was carried out with SPSS 22 programme. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that teachers have a positive perception about multiculturalism in general. However, a negative tendency was detected in teachers attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. It has been determined that teachers’ perceptions of multiculturalism don’t differ significantly according to gender, institution they work for, experience of being abroad, experience of in-service training for refugee/immigrant/asylum-seeker students, professional seniority year and class size where they teach differ significantly; but differ significantly in favor of those who can speak a language other than Turkish. In addition, teachers’ attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students differ significantly those who can speak a language other than Turkish from those who cannot speak and those with a professional seniority between 6-10 years from those between 11 and 15 years; but there is no significant difference was observed in other variables. Finally, it has been determined that there is no significant relationship between teachers’ perception of multiculturalism and their attitudes towards undesirable intraclass behaviors of students. In order to determine teacher attitudes in this regard, it is recommended that different data collection methods are employed and more comprehensive researches are conducted. Moreover, the reasons behind the negative attitude of teachers towards undesired student behaviors in the classroom can be examined in more depth. A number of in-service trainings to prevent problems related to undesirable student behavior can also be organized for teachers who work in multicultural classrooms and who are unexperienced in the profession., Bu araştırmada öğretmenlerin çokkültürlülüğe yönelik algıları ile sınıf içi istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma betimsel nitelikte olup tarama modeline göre desenlenmiştir. Araştırma örneklemini 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul’un Esenyurt ilçesinde ilkokul ve geçici eğitim merkezlerinde görev yapan ve kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiş olan 192 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Ayaz (2016) tarafından geliştirilen “Çokkültürlülük Algı Ölçeği” ile Tanhan ve Şentürk (2011) tarafından geliştirilen “Sınıf İçi İstenmeyen Öğrenci Davranışlarına Yönelik Öğretmen Tutumları Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS v.22 ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda öğretmenlerin çokkültürlülüğe ilişkin genel olarak olumlu algıya sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Fakat sınıf içi istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik öğretmen tutumlarında ise olumsuz yönde bir eğilim tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin çokkültürlülük algılarının cinsiyet, görev yapılan kurum, yurtdışında bulunma deneyimi, mülteci/göçmen/sığınmacı öğrencilere yönelik hizmet içi eğitim alma durumu, meslekî kıdem yılı ve öğretim yapılan sınıftaki öğrenci mevcuduna göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmadığı ancak Türkçeden başka bir dili konuşabilenlerin lehine anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Sınıf içi istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik öğretmen tutumlarının ise Türkçeden başka bir dili konuşabilenlerin konuşamayanlara ve meslekî kıdem yılı 6-10 yıl arasında olanların 11-15 yıl arasında olanlara göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı; diğer değişkenlerde herhangi anlamlı bir farklılaşmaya rastlanmadığı görülmüştür. Son olarak öğretmenlerin çok kültürlülük algıları ile sınıf içi istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik tutumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu konuda öğretmen tutumlarının belirlenebilmesi için farklı veri toplama yöntemlerinin de işe koşularak daha kapsamlı araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin sınıf içi istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik olumsuz tutuma sahip olmalarının altında yatan nedenler daha derinlemesine incelenebilir. Çokkültürlü sınıflarda görev yapan ve meslekteki ilk yılları olan öğretmenlere, istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarına yönelik problemleri önleyebilmeleri için birtakım hizmet içi eğitimler de düzenlenebilir.

Objective: The aim is to share our experience of the clinical features and important issues encountered in diagnosing and treating multiple head and neck schwannoma cases seen at our centre, all of which went on to have surgical treatment. Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of cases over an 11-year period (2007–2018) diagnosed with schwannoma by post-surgical histopathology. The demographic characteristics of these cases, along with their clinical characteristics, namely, tumour location, preoperative diagnostic tests undertaken, surgical approach used, and any postoperative complications, including the management of such complications, were reviewed. Results: A total of 31 patients (18 male, and 13 female) were included in the study. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was the most commonly used pre-operative diagnostic method (77%). 58% of the cases were extra- and 42% intra-cranial. Extracranial schwannomas were noted to arise from several different areas of the head and neck region. The most common neurological deficit post-operatively was facial paralysis. Conclusion: Since head and neck schwannomas can develop from any area where the nerve sheath is present, they may present with a wide variety of non-specific symptoms. The treatment plan should be made with the anticipated preoperative and postoperative neurological deficit firmly in mind.