Search

Additional file 5: Document DS1. Description of metabolic features in Brevundimonas SPF441.

Additional file 4: Figure S1. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of cooling towers showing clustering of eukaryotic community according to DOC levels using ANOSIM to evaluate dissimilarity between communities (R = 0.817041, P < 0.001).

Additional file 3: Table S3. Characteristics of Cooling Tower Samples.

The Cluny Abbey, the greatest building of European Christendom in the 12th century, has been transformed during its long history. The evolution of the place can be studied thanks to an abundant documentation, through archeological excavations and the study of landscape. The stratigraphic complex¬ity of the successive buildings and the vastness of the territory in relation with its hydrographical system, convinced us to install a SIG database and research system. The Abbey is located at the confluence of two rivers, progressively converted by the monks, in order to obtain an extremely rational use of the water. The installation of a collaborative and interdisciplinary platform, called SIG 4D, dedicated to the history and archeology of the Cluniac landscape, requires the grouping of various types of data, that are often very diverse. The integration of 3D elements and their geolocalization in the geographic system bring technical difficulties which have to be solved. Starting with the documentary study and the excavations, we examine the questions linked to interdisciplinary use of various types of SIG and CAO data, and their dissemination amongst various researchers. Numeric tools offer new possibilities which encourage us to elaborate treatment procedures and data dissemination which are better adapted to the hybrid nature of archeological artifacts and to the study process of the historical traces in architecture and territory.

The Cluny Abbey, the greatest building of European Christendom in the 12th century, has been transformed during its long history. The evolution of the place can be studied thanks to an abundant documentation, through archeological excavations and the study of landscape. The stratigraphic complexity of the successive buildings and the vastness of the territory in relation with its hydrographical system, convinced us to install a SIG database and research system. The Abbey is located at the confluence of two rivers, progressively converted by the monks, in order to obtain an extremely rational use of the water. The installation of a collaborative and interdisciplinary platform, called SIG 4D, dedicated to the history and archeology of the Cluniac landscape, requires the grouping of various types of data, that are often very diverse. The integration of 3D elements and their geolocalization in the geographic system bring technical difficulties which have to be solved. Starting with the documentary study and the excavations, we examine the questions linked to interdisciplinary use of various types of SIG and CAO data, and their dissemination amongst various researchers. Numeric tools offer new possibilities which encourage us to elaborate treatment procedures and data dissemination which are better adapted to the hybrid nature of archeological artifacts and to the study process of the historical traces in architecture and territory.; International audience; The Cluny Abbey, the greatest building of European Christendom in the 12th century, has been transformed during its long history. The evolution of the place can be studied thanks to an abundant documentation, through archeological excavations and the study of landscape. The stratigraphic complexity of the successive buildings and the vastness of the territory in relation with its hydrographical system, convinced us to install a SIG database and research system. The Abbey is located at the confluence of two rivers, progressively converted by the monks, in order to obtain an extremely rational use of the water. The installation of a collaborative and interdisciplinary platform, called SIG 4D, dedicated to the history and archeology of the Cluniac landscape, requires the grouping of various types of data, that are often very diverse. The integration of 3D elements and their geolocalization in the geographic system bring technical difficulties which have to be solved. Starting with the documentary study and the excavations, we examine the questions linked to interdisciplinary use of various types of SIG and CAO data, and their dissemination amongst various researchers. Numeric tools offer new possibilities which encourage us to elaborate treatment procedures and data dissemination which are better adapted to the hybrid nature of archeological artifacts and to the study process of the historical traces in architecture and territory.

Cluny III was the greatest abbey of the Christendom until the construction of Saint-Peters of Roma in the 17th century. Unfortunately, the Order of Cluny was broke up with the French revolution, and the church became a stone pit carry. Until 2010, for the commemoration of the Cluny foundation, a great restoration yard has begun. It is composed of two parts: Hézelon which is the restoration and development program for the patrimony of Cluny; and Gunzo, which is a research assembly on new image technologies, for knowledge and valorisation of the site. To facilitate the comprehension of this patrimony, and to allow the public to access its past, augmented reality features had been developed., L’abbaye de Cluny, haut lieu de la chrétienté au moyen-âge rayonna sur toute l’Europe à partir du XIe siècle. C’est en 910 que les premiers moines arrivèrent à Cluny pour y bâtir la première église. Sous l’abbatiat d’Hugues de Semur de 1049 à 1109, les besoins d’espace et la recherche de la spiritualité poussent les moines à construire une église aux proportions exceptionnelles de 1088 à 1130 : la Maior Ecclesia. Plus grande église de la chrétienté jusqu’à la construction de Saint-Pierre de Rome au XVIe siècle, Cluny III présentait des attributs hors normes : 187 mètres de longueur, une quarantaine de mètres en élévation sous la coupole du grand transept, cinq nefs, deux transepts, 301 fenêtres, 5 clochers, des chiffres imposants pour l’époque médiévale. Malheureusement, la révolution française n’épargna pas l’Ordre de Cluny qui fut démantelé et dont l’église abbatiale se transforma en vaste carrière de pierres. Aujourd’hui, ne subsiste en élévation qu’environ 8% de l’édifice, dont le bras sud du grand transept qui, avec le clocher de l’Eau Bénite, permet d’appréhender les dimensions remarquables et la qualité exceptionnelle de l’architecture. Jusqu’en 2010 et au-delà, afin de commémorer la fondation de Cluny, un grand chantier de restauration est engagé, il comprend deux volets indissociables Gunzo et Hézelon, noms des moines qui imaginèrent et construisirent la grande église. Hézelon est le programme de restauration et d’aménagement du patrimoine de Cluny qui permettra de conserver et valoriser les vestiges de l’abbaye. Gunzo est un consortium de recherche sur les nouvelles technologies de l’image pour la connaissance et la valorisation du patrimoine clunisien. Afin de facilité la lecture du site où les parties subsistantes du monument s’enchevêtrent avec les constructions de la ville, des dispositifs de réalité augmentée permettront aux visiteurs de mieux comprendre le lieu et de se plonger dans le passé. En réponse à la décision de préserver les haras nationaux construit à l’époque napoléonienne, la réalité augmentée permet d’éviter de détruire des bâtiments empreints également d’une histoire fusse-t-elle plus récente. L’École Nationale Supérieure d’Arts et Métiers dont les locaux sont dans les bâtiments monastiques et la société On-Situ travaillent depuis plusieurs années sur la restitution numérique temporelle de l’abbaye de Cluny. Le programme de recherche Gunzo permet de mettre en place une chaine numérique complète de création, d’application et de diffusion de la connaissance, de partir d’une base de données rigoureuse enrichie par le travail de fouilles des archéologues pour aboutir à des périphériques portatifs de réalité augmentée mobile à destination des visiteurs. Cette présentation propose un tour d’horizon du grand chantier numérique de Cluny : abbaye européenne de la connaissance.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.