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1. GRAd-COV2 vaccine provides potent and durable humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial

Author: Capone, S, Fusco, F, Milleri, S, Borre, S, Carbonara, S, Lo Caputo, S, Leone, S, Gori, G, Maggi, P, Cascio, A, Lichtner, M, Cauda, R, Dal Zoppo, S, Cossu, M, Gori, A, Roda, S, Confalonieri, P, Bonora, S, Missale, G, Codeluppi, M, Mezzaroma, I, Capici, S, Pontali, E, Libanore, M, Diani, A, Lanini, S, Battella, S, Contino, A, Piano Mortari, E, Genova, F, Parente, G, Dragonetti, R, Colloca, S, Visani, L, Iannacone, C, Carsetti, R, Folgori, A, Camerini, R, Ziviani, L, Malescio, F, Turrini, I, Lawlor, R, Romano, A, Nunziata, M, Armato, S, Mazzeo, N, Carleo, M, Dell'Isola, C, Pisapia, R, Pontarelli, A, Olivani, A, Grasselli, S, Laccabue, D, Leoni, M, Paolillo, F, Mancini, A, Ruaro, B, Confalonieri, M, Salton, F, Mancarella, G, Marocco, R, De Masi, M, Belvisi, V, Lamonica, S, Cingolani, A, Seguiti, C, Brambilla, P, Ferraresi, A, Lupi, M, Ludovisi, S, Renisi, G, Massafra, R, Pellicciotta, M, Armiento, L, Vimercati, S, Piacenza, M, Bonfanti, P, Columpsi, P, Cazzaniga, M, Rovelli, C, Ceresini, M, Previtali, L, Trentini, L, Alcantarini, C, Rugge, W, Biffi, S, Poletti, F, Rostagno, R, Moglia, R, De Negri, F, Fini, E, Cangialosi, A, Bruno, S, Rizzo, M, Niglio, M, Stritto, A, Matano, A, Petruzziello, A, Valsecchi, P, Pieri, T, Altamura, M, Calamo, A, Giannelli, A, Menolascina, S, Di Bari, S, Mauro, V, Aronica, R, Segala, D, Cultrera, R, Sighinolfi, L, Abbott, M, Gizzi, A, Marascia, F, Valenti, G, Feasi, M, Bobbio, N, Del Puente, F, Nicosia, A, Frasca, M, Mazzoleni, M, Garofalo, N, Ammendola, V, Grazioli, F, Napolitano, F, Vitelli, A, Marcellini, V, Capone S., Fusco F. M., Milleri S., Borre S., Carbonara S., Lo Caputo S., Leone S., Gori G., Maggi P., Cascio A., Lichtner M., Cauda R., Dal Zoppo S., Cossu M. V., Gori A., Roda S., Confalonieri P., Bonora S., Missale G., Codeluppi M., Mezzaroma I., Capici S., Pontali E., Libanore M., Diani A., Lanini S., Battella S., Contino A. M., Piano Mortari E., Genova F., Parente G., Dragonetti R., Colloca S., Visani L., Iannacone C., Carsetti R., Folgori A., Camerini R., Ziviani L., Malescio F., Turrini I., Lawlor R., Romano A., Nunziata M., Armato S., Mazzeo N., Carleo M. A., Dell'Isola C., Pisapia R., Pontarelli A., Olivani A., Grasselli S., Laccabue D., Leoni M. C., Paolillo F., Mancini A., Ruaro B., Confalonieri M., Salton F., Mancarella G., Marocco R., De Masi M., Belvisi V., Lamonica S., Cingolani A., Seguiti C., Brambilla P., Ferraresi A., Lupi M., Ludovisi S., Renisi G., Massafra R., Pellicciotta M., Armiento L., Vimercati S., Piacenza M., Bonfanti P., Columpsi P., Cazzaniga M. E., Rovelli C., Ceresini M., Previtali L., Trentini L., Alcantarini C., Rugge W., Biffi S., Poletti F., Rostagno R., Moglia R., De Negri F., Fini E., Cangialosi A., Bruno S. R., Rizzo M., Niglio M., Stritto A. D., Matano A., Petruzziello A., Valsecchi P., Pieri T., Altamura M., Calamo A., Giannelli A., Menolascina S., Di Bari S., Mauro V., Aronica R., Segala D., Cultrera R., Sighinolfi L., Abbott M., Gizzi A., Marascia F. G., Valenti G., Feasi M., Bobbio N., Del Puente F., Nicosia A., Frasca M., Mazzoleni M., Garofalo N., Ammendola V., Grazioli F., Napolitano F., Vitelli A., Marcellini V., Capone, S, Fusco, F, Milleri, S, Borre, S, Carbonara, S, Lo Caputo, S, Leone, S, Gori, G, Maggi, P, Cascio, A, Lichtner, M, Cauda, R, Dal Zoppo, S, Cossu, M, Gori, A, Roda, S, Confalonieri, P, Bonora, S, Missale, G, Codeluppi, M, Mezzaroma, I, Capici, S, Pontali, E, Libanore, M, Diani, A, Lanini, S, Battella, S, Contino, A, Piano Mortari, E, Genova, F, Parente, G, Dragonetti, R, Colloca, S, Visani, L, Iannacone, C, Carsetti, R, Folgori, A, Camerini, R, Ziviani, L, Malescio, F, Turrini, I, Lawlor, R, Romano, A, Nunziata, M, Armato, S, Mazzeo, N, Carleo, M, Dell'Isola, C, Pisapia, R, Pontarelli, A, Olivani, A, Grasselli, S, Laccabue, D, Leoni, M, Paolillo, F, Mancini, A, Ruaro, B, Confalonieri, M, Salton, F, Mancarella, G, Marocco, R, De Masi, M, Belvisi, V, Lamonica, S, Cingolani, A, Seguiti, C, Brambilla, P, Ferraresi, A, Lupi, M, Ludovisi, S, Renisi, G, Massafra, R, Pellicciotta, M, Armiento, L, Vimercati, S, Piacenza, M, Bonfanti, P, Columpsi, P, Cazzaniga, M, Rovelli, C, Ceresini, M, Previtali, L, Trentini, L, Alcantarini, C, Rugge, W, Biffi, S, Poletti, F, Rostagno, R, Moglia, R, De Negri, F, Fini, E, Cangialosi, A, Bruno, S, Rizzo, M, Niglio, M, Stritto, A, Matano, A, Petruzziello, A, Valsecchi, P, Pieri, T, Altamura, M, Calamo, A, Giannelli, A, Menolascina, S, Di Bari, S, Mauro, V, Aronica, R, Segala, D, Cultrera, R, Sighinolfi, L, Abbott, M, Gizzi, A, Marascia, F, Valenti, G, Feasi, M, Bobbio, N, Del Puente, F, Nicosia, A, Frasca, M, Mazzoleni, M, Garofalo, N, Ammendola, V, Grazioli, F, Napolitano, F, Vitelli, A, Marcellini, V, Capone S., Fusco F. M., Milleri S., Borre S., Carbonara S., Lo Caputo S., Leone S., Gori G., Maggi P., Cascio A., Lichtner M., Cauda R., Dal Zoppo S., Cossu M. V., Gori A., Roda S., Confalonieri P., Bonora S., Missale G., Codeluppi M., Mezzaroma I., Capici S., Pontali E., Libanore M., Diani A., Lanini S., Battella S., Contino A. M., Piano Mortari E., Genova F., Parente G., Dragonetti R., Colloca S., Visani L., Iannacone C., Carsetti R., Folgori A., Camerini R., Ziviani L., Malescio F., Turrini I., Lawlor R., Romano A., Nunziata M., Armato S., Mazzeo N., Carleo M. A., Dell'Isola C., Pisapia R., Pontarelli A., Olivani A., Grasselli S., Laccabue D., Leoni M. C., Paolillo F., Mancini A., Ruaro B., Confalonieri M., Salton F., Mancarella G., Marocco R., De Masi M., Belvisi V., Lamonica S., Cingolani A., Seguiti C., Brambilla P., Ferraresi A., Lupi M., Ludovisi S., Renisi G., Massafra R., Pellicciotta M., Armiento L., Vimercati S., Piacenza M., Bonfanti P., Columpsi P., Cazzaniga M. E., Rovelli C., Ceresini M., Previtali L., Trentini L., Alcantarini C., Rugge W., Biffi S., Poletti F., Rostagno R., Moglia R., De Negri F., Fini E., Cangialosi A., Bruno S. R., Rizzo M., Niglio M., Stritto A. D., Matano A., Petruzziello A., Valsecchi P., Pieri T., Altamura M., Calamo A., Giannelli A., Menolascina S., Di Bari S., Mauro V., Aronica R., Segala D., Cultrera R., Sighinolfi L., Abbott M., Gizzi A., Marascia F. G., Valenti G., Feasi M., Bobbio N., Del Puente F., Nicosia A., Frasca M., Mazzoleni M., Garofalo N., Ammendola V., Grazioli F., Napolitano F., Vitelli A., and Marcellini V.
Abstract: The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and heterologous immunization approaches implemented worldwide for booster doses call for diversified vaccine portfolios. GRAd-COV2 is a gorilla adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate encoding prefusion-stabilized spike. The safety and immunogenicity of GRAd-COV2 is evaluated in a dose- and regimen-finding phase 2 trial (COVITAR study, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04791423) whereby 917 eligible participants are randomized to receive a single intramuscular GRAd-COV2 administration followed by placebo, or two vaccine injections, or two doses of placebo, spaced over 3 weeks. Here, we report that GRAd-COV2 is well tolerated and induces robust immune responses after a single immunization; a second administration increases binding and neutralizing antibody titers. Potent, variant of concern (VOC) cross-reactive spike-specific T cell response peaks after the first dose and is characterized by high frequencies of CD8s. T cells maintain immediate effector functions and high proliferative potential over time. Thus, GRAd vector is a valuable platform for genetic vaccine development, especially when robust CD8 response is needed.
Published: 2023

2. Meeting of two pandemics in prison: a challenging event in a challenging environment

Author: Feasi, M., primary and Pontali, E., additional
Published: 2023
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3. GRAd-COV2 vaccine provides potent and durable humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial

Author: Capone S., Fusco F. M., Milleri S., Borre S., Carbonara S., Lo Caputo S., Leone S., Gori G., Maggi P., Cascio A., Lichtner M., Cauda R., Dal Zoppo S., Cossu M. V., Gori A., Roda S., Confalonieri P., Bonora S., Missale G., Codeluppi M., Mezzaroma I., Capici S., Pontali E., Libanore M., Diani A., Lanini S., Battella S., Contino A. M., Piano Mortari E., Genova F., Parente G., Dragonetti R., Colloca S., Visani L., Iannacone C., Carsetti R., Folgori A., Camerini R., Ziviani L., Malescio F., Turrini I., Lawlor R., Romano A., Nunziata M., Armato S., Mazzeo N., Carleo M. A., Dell'Isola C., Pisapia R., Pontarelli A., Olivani A., Grasselli S., Laccabue D., Leoni M. C., Paolillo F., Mancini A., Ruaro B., Confalonieri M., Salton F., Mancarella G., Marocco R., De Masi M., Belvisi V., Lamonica S., Cingolani A., Seguiti C., Brambilla P., Ferraresi A., Lupi M., Ludovisi S., Renisi G., Massafra R., Pellicciotta M., Armiento L., Vimercati S., Piacenza M., Bonfanti P., Columpsi P., Cazzaniga M. E., Rovelli C., Ceresini M., Previtali L., Trentini L., Alcantarini C., Rugge W., Biffi S., Poletti F., Rostagno R., Moglia R., De Negri F., Fini E., Cangialosi A., Bruno S. R., Rizzo M., Niglio M., Stritto A. D., Matano A., Petruzziello A., Valsecchi P., Pieri T., Altamura M., Calamo A., Giannelli A., Menolascina S., Di Bari S., Mauro V., Aronica R., Segala D., Cultrera R., Sighinolfi L., Abbott M., Gizzi A., Marascia F. G., Valenti G., Feasi M., Bobbio N., Del Puente F., Nicosia A., Frasca M., Mazzoleni M., Garofalo N., Ammendola V., Grazioli F., Napolitano F., Vitelli A., Marcellini V., Capone, Stefania, Fusco, Francesco M, Milleri, Stefano, Borrè, Silvio, Carbonara, Sergio, Lo Caputo, Sergio, Leone, Sebastiano, Gori, Giovanni, Maggi, Paolo, Cascio, Antonio, Lichtner, Miriam, Cauda, Roberto, Dal Zoppo, Sarah, Cossu, Maria V, Gori, Andrea, Roda, Silvia, Confalonieri, Paola, Bonora, Stefano, Missale, Gabriele, Codeluppi, Mauro, Mezzaroma, Ivano, Capici, Serena, Pontali, Emanuele, Libanore, Marco, Diani, Augusta, Lanini, Simone, Battella, Simone, Contino, Alessandra M, Piano Mortari, Eva, Genova, Francesco, Parente, Gessica, Dragonetti, Rosella, Colloca, Stefano, Visani, Luigi, Iannacone, Claudio, Carsetti, Rita, Folgori, Antonella, Camerini, Roberto, Capone, S, Fusco, F, Milleri, S, Borre, S, Carbonara, S, Lo Caputo, S, Leone, S, Gori, G, Maggi, P, Cascio, A, Lichtner, M, Cauda, R, Dal Zoppo, S, Cossu, M, Gori, A, Roda, S, Confalonieri, P, Bonora, S, Missale, G, Codeluppi, M, Mezzaroma, I, Capici, S, Pontali, E, Libanore, M, Diani, A, Lanini, S, Battella, S, Contino, A, Piano Mortari, E, Genova, F, Parente, G, Dragonetti, R, Colloca, S, Visani, L, Iannacone, C, Carsetti, R, Folgori, A, Camerini, R, Ziviani, L, Malescio, F, Turrini, I, Lawlor, R, Romano, A, Nunziata, M, Armato, S, Mazzeo, N, Carleo, M, Dell'Isola, C, Pisapia, R, Pontarelli, A, Olivani, A, Grasselli, S, Laccabue, D, Leoni, M, Paolillo, F, Mancini, A, Ruaro, B, Confalonieri, M, Salton, F, Mancarella, G, Marocco, R, De Masi, M, Belvisi, V, Lamonica, S, Cingolani, A, Seguiti, C, Brambilla, P, Ferraresi, A, Lupi, M, Ludovisi, S, Renisi, G, Massafra, R, Pellicciotta, M, Armiento, L, Vimercati, S, Piacenza, M, Bonfanti, P, Columpsi, P, Cazzaniga, M, Rovelli, C, Ceresini, M, Previtali, L, Trentini, L, Alcantarini, C, Rugge, W, Biffi, S, Poletti, F, Rostagno, R, Moglia, R, De Negri, F, Fini, E, Cangialosi, A, Bruno, S, Rizzo, M, Niglio, M, Stritto, A, Matano, A, Petruzziello, A, Valsecchi, P, Pieri, T, Altamura, M, Calamo, A, Giannelli, A, Menolascina, S, Di Bari, S, Mauro, V, Aronica, R, Segala, D, Cultrera, R, Sighinolfi, L, Abbott, M, Gizzi, A, Marascia, F, Valenti, G, Feasi, M, Bobbio, N, Del Puente, F, Nicosia, A, Frasca, M, Mazzoleni, M, Garofalo, N, Ammendola, V, Grazioli, F, Napolitano, F, Vitelli, A, and Marcellini, V
Subjects: immunological memory, phase 2 clinical trial, safety, Sars-CoV-2 vaccine, COVID-19, CD8, T cell response, simian adenoviral vector, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, CD4, neutralizing antibodie
Abstract: The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and heterologous immunization approaches implemented worldwide for booster doses call for diversified vaccine portfolios. GRAd-COV2 is a gorilla adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate encoding prefusion-stabilized spike. The safety and immunogenicity of GRAd-COV2 is evaluated in a dose- and regimen-finding phase 2 trial (COVITAR study, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04791423) whereby 917 eligible participants are randomized to receive a single intramuscular GRAd-COV2 administration followed by placebo, or two vaccine injections, or two doses of placebo, spaced over 3weeks. Here, we report that GRAd-COV2 is well tolerated and induces robust immune responses after a single immunization; a second administration increases binding and neutralizing antibody titers. Potent, variant of concern (VOC) cross-reactive spike-specific Tcell response peaks after the first dose and is characterized by high frequencies of CD8s. Tcells maintain immediate effector functions and high proliferative potential over time. Thus, GRAd vector is a valuable platform for genetic vaccine development, especially when robust CD8 response is needed.
Published: 2023

4. Pegylated interferon α plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: A multicentre independent study supported by the Italian Drug Agency

Author: Mascolo, M.C., Cursaro, C., Scuteri, A., Ranieri, J., Monti, M., Bellentani, S., Gasbarrini, A., Pompili, M., Puoti, C., Bellis, L., Regazzetti, A., Maffezzini, E., Pietrangelo, A., Abbati, G., Raimondo, G., Scribano, L., Martines, D., Baroni, G. Svegliati, Faraci, G., Schianchi, S., Fornaciari, G., Fabris, P., Madonia, S., Civitavecchia, G., Pirisi, M., Smirne, C., Borghi, A., Sardini, C., Andreoletti, M., Morisco, F., Caporaso, N., Fargion, S., Fatta, E., Masutti, F., Bonaventura, M.E., Autolitano, A., Russello, M., Bellia, A., Toniutto, P., Bitetto, D., Mecenate, F., Pasulo, L., Lucà, M.G., Picardi, A., Vespasiani, U., Grattagliano, I., Palasciano, G., Romagno, D., Crespi, C., Gianstefani, A., Gobbo, G., Monti, V., Giannelli, G., Napoli, N., Nosotti, Raspanti, A., Cuccorese, Colombo, A.E., Floridia, Plattella, M.S., Cassano, P., Gentile, I., Blanc, P.L., Messina, V., Bonfante, S., Bellissima, P., Toti, M., Vecchiet, J., Falasca, K., Portelli, V., De Stefano, G., Pietromatera, G., Viganò, P., Re, T., Andreoni, M., Raineri, G., Massari, M., Grossi, P.A., Caputo, S., Cassola, G., Feasi, M., Foti, G., Kunkar, A., Corti, G., Baragli, F., Caterini, L., Migliorini, D., Chiodera, A., Calleri, G., Spezia, C., Baiguera, C., Puoti, M., Brancaccio, G., Gaeta, G.B., Vento, S., Di Biagio, A., Nicolini, L., Liberti, A., Iannece, M.D., Contini, C., Tacconi, D., Caremani, M., Almi, P., Chimenti, M., Cosco, Messeri, D., Esperti, F.C., Paffetti, A., Mastropietro, C., Moretti, A., Spagnolo, A.L., Lomonaco, L., Calì, A., Mandelli, G., Spinzi, G.C., Framarin, L., Berrutti, M., Boccia, S., Simone, L., Pazzi, P., Fornari, F., Comparato, G., Casetti, T., Foschi, F.G., Bertin, T., Salvagnini, M., Samori, A., Ferretti, E., Casiraghi, M.A., Marin, R., Ciancio, A., Campo, N., Testa, R., Rocco, A., Federico, A., Loguercio, C., Rizzo, S., Giannini, E.G., Corbo, M., Riegler, G., Esposito, P., Ricci, G.L., Rosina, Floriano, Tosti, Maria Elena, Borghesio, Elisabetta, Masocco, Maria, Mele, Alfonso, Coppola, Carmine, Milella, Michele, Borgia, Guglielmo, Andreone, Pietro, Koch, Maurizio, Zignego, Anna Linda, Romano, Mario, Carrara, Maurizio, Almasio, Piero Luigi, Azzola, Emilio, Nardone, Gerardo, Benedetti, Antonio, Carosi, Giampiero, Mazzotta, Francesco, Sagnelli, Evangelista, and Rizzetto, Mario
Published: 2014
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5. Down Syndrome and COVID-19: not always a poor prognosis

Author: Parisini, A., primary, Boni, S., additional, Vacca, E Blasi, additional, Del Puente, F., additional, Feasi, M., additional, Bobbio, N., additional, Prinapori, R., additional, Bolla, C., additional, Castellaneta, M., additional, Pontali, E., additional, and Chichino, G., additional
Published: 2022
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6. Clinical management of imported malaria in Italy: Results from a national cross-sectional survey in 2015

Author: Lepore, L, Vairo, F, D'Abramo, A, Grilli, E, Corpolongo, A, Scorzolini, L, Nisii, C, Calleri, G, Castelli, F, Chirianni, A, Ippolito, G, Nicastri, E, Andreoni, M, Angarano, G, Anselmo, M, Ascoli Bartoli, T, Bartoloni, A, Bassi, P, Bevilacqua, N, Bisoffi, Z, Cacopardo, B, Caligaris, S, Calzetti, C, Casolari, S, Cassola, G, Chianura, L, Chiodera, A, Conforto, M, Coppola, N, De Luca, A, Feasi, M, Ferrari, C, Filippini, P, Foti, G, Francavilla, E, Fusco, F, Tekle, S, Giancola, M, Giammario, A, Giobbia, M, Giordani, M, Gobbi, F, Gori, A, Grossi, P, Iacobello, C, Iannetta, M, Libanore, M, Luzzati, R, Magnani, G, Manfrin, V, Mariano, A, Mastroianni, C, Mazzotta, F, Mecocci, L, Mondardini, V, Montineri, A, Nicolini, L, Oliva, A, Palazzolo, C, Pasquale, G, Portelli, V, Puoti, M, Quirino, T, Santantonio, T, Sarmati, L, Sciotti, M, Scotton, P, Tomasoni, L, Toscanini, F, Tunesi, S, Vanino, E, Viale, P, Vigano, P, Viscoli, C, Vullo, V, Lepore L., Vairo F., D'Abramo A., Grilli E., Corpolongo A., Scorzolini L., Nisii C., Calleri G., Castelli F., Chirianni A., Ippolito G., Nicastri E., Andreoni M., Angarano G., Anselmo M., Ascoli Bartoli T., Bartoloni A., Bassi P., Bevilacqua N., Bisoffi Z., Cacopardo B., Caligaris S., Calzetti C., Casolari S., Cassola G., Chianura L., Chiodera A., Conforto M., Coppola N., De Luca A., Feasi M., Ferrari C., Filippini P., Foti G., Francavilla E., Fusco F. M., Tekle S. G., Giancola M. L., Giammario A., Giobbia M., Giordani M. T., Gobbi F., Gori A., Grossi P., Iacobello C., Iannetta M., Libanore M., Luzzati R., Magnani G., Manfrin V., Mariano A., Mastroianni C., Mazzotta F., Mecocci L., Mondardini V., Montineri A., Nicolini L. A., Oliva A., Palazzolo C., Pasquale G., Portelli V., Puoti M., Quirino T., Santantonio T. A., Sarmati L., Sciotti M. P., Scotton P., Tomasoni L. R., Toscanini F., Tunesi S., Vanino E., Viale P., Vigano P., Viscoli C., Vullo V., Lepore, L, Vairo, F, D'Abramo, A, Grilli, E, Corpolongo, A, Scorzolini, L, Nisii, C, Calleri, G, Castelli, F, Chirianni, A, Ippolito, G, Nicastri, E, Andreoni, M, Angarano, G, Anselmo, M, Ascoli Bartoli, T, Bartoloni, A, Bassi, P, Bevilacqua, N, Bisoffi, Z, Cacopardo, B, Caligaris, S, Calzetti, C, Casolari, S, Cassola, G, Chianura, L, Chiodera, A, Conforto, M, Coppola, N, De Luca, A, Feasi, M, Ferrari, C, Filippini, P, Foti, G, Francavilla, E, Fusco, F, Tekle, S, Giancola, M, Giammario, A, Giobbia, M, Giordani, M, Gobbi, F, Gori, A, Grossi, P, Iacobello, C, Iannetta, M, Libanore, M, Luzzati, R, Magnani, G, Manfrin, V, Mariano, A, Mastroianni, C, Mazzotta, F, Mecocci, L, Mondardini, V, Montineri, A, Nicolini, L, Oliva, A, Palazzolo, C, Pasquale, G, Portelli, V, Puoti, M, Quirino, T, Santantonio, T, Sarmati, L, Sciotti, M, Scotton, P, Tomasoni, L, Toscanini, F, Tunesi, S, Vanino, E, Viale, P, Vigano, P, Viscoli, C, Vullo, V, Lepore L., Vairo F., D'Abramo A., Grilli E., Corpolongo A., Scorzolini L., Nisii C., Calleri G., Castelli F., Chirianni A., Ippolito G., Nicastri E., Andreoni M., Angarano G., Anselmo M., Ascoli Bartoli T., Bartoloni A., Bassi P., Bevilacqua N., Bisoffi Z., Cacopardo B., Caligaris S., Calzetti C., Casolari S., Cassola G., Chianura L., Chiodera A., Conforto M., Coppola N., De Luca A., Feasi M., Ferrari C., Filippini P., Foti G., Francavilla E., Fusco F. M., Tekle S. G., Giancola M. L., Giammario A., Giobbia M., Giordani M. T., Gobbi F., Gori A., Grossi P., Iacobello C., Iannetta M., Libanore M., Luzzati R., Magnani G., Manfrin V., Mariano A., Mastroianni C., Mazzotta F., Mecocci L., Mondardini V., Montineri A., Nicolini L. A., Oliva A., Palazzolo C., Pasquale G., Portelli V., Puoti M., Quirino T., Santantonio T. A., Sarmati L., Sciotti M. P., Scotton P., Tomasoni L. R., Toscanini F., Tunesi S., Vanino E., Viale P., Vigano P., Viscoli C., and Vullo V.
Abstract: In Italy, malaria continues to be one of the most common imported parasitoses; therefore, continuous surveillance of epidemiological data and clinical management is needed. In 2016, the National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' in Rome promoted a retrospective questionnaire-based survey to assess the clinical management of imported malaria cases in Italy in 2015. The questionnaire was sent to 104 Tropical and/or Infectious Diseases Units in the country, and 37 of them filled out and returned the questionnaires. A total of 399 malaria cases were reported in 2015, mostly caused by Plasmodium falciparum and imported from Africa. Malaria chemoprophylaxis was correctly used by a minority of patients. Most patients presented with uncomplicated malaria and were treated orally. In severe cases, intravenous artesunate or quinine alone or in combination were administered, although one third of these severe cases received oral treatment. This retrospective survey reveals a lack of homogeneity in management of malaria-imported cases in Italy. Improvement of malaria chemoprophylaxis, standardization of clinical management of malaria cases and harmonization of oral and intravenous drug availability are needed throughout the country.
Published: 2020

7. Comparison of an enzyme immunoassay and a latex agglutination system for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in bone marrow transplant recipients

Author: Machetti, M, Feasi, M, Mordini, N, Van Lint, MT, Bacigalupo, A, Latgé, JP, Sarfati, J, and Viscoli, C
Published: 1998
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8. Lymphoma and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: another favourable setting?

Author: Torresin, A., Feasi, M., and Cassola, G.
Published: 2007

9. Hepatitis B serological evaluation in diagnostic work up of lymphoma

Author: Torresin, A., Feasi, M., and Cassola, G.
Published: 2007

10. Pegylated interferon α plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: A multicentre independent study supported by the Italian Drug Agency

Author: Rosina, Floriano, Tosti, Maria Elena, Borghesio, Elisabetta, Masocco, Maria, Mele, Alfonso, Coppola, Carmine, Milella, Michele, Borgia, Guglielmo, Andreone, Pietro, Koch, Maurizio, Zignego, Anna Linda, Romano, Mario, Carrara, Maurizio, Almasio, Piero Luigi, Azzola, Emilio, Nardone, Gerardo, Benedetti, Antonio, Carosi, Giampiero, Mazzotta, Francesco, Sagnelli, Evangelista, Rizzetto, Mario, Mascolo, M. C., Cursaro, C., Scuteri, A., Crespi, C., Gianstefani, A., Ranieri, J., Monti, M., Corti, G., Blanc, P. L., Baragli, F., Bellentani, S., Gasbarrini, A., Pompili, M., Mecenate, F., Picardi, A., Vespasiani, U., Nosotti, Null, Null, A. Picardi, Ricci, G. L., Paffetti, A., Mastropietro, C., Moretti, A., Spagnolo, A. L., Puoti, C., Bellis, L., Regazzetti, A., Maffezzini, E., Pietrangelo, A., Abbati, G., Borghi, A., Sardini, C., Raimondo, G., Scribano, L., Martines, D., Svegliati Baroni, G., Faraci, G., Schi anchi, S., Fornaciari, G., Massari, M., Fabris, P., Bertin, T., Salvagnini, M., Madonia, S., Calì, A., Civitavecchia, G., Pirisi, M., Smirne, C., Andreoletti, M., Morisco, F., Caporaso, N., Gentile, I., Brancaccio, G., Gaeta, G. B., Liberti, A., Iannece, M. D., Rocco, A., Federico, A., Loguercio, C., Riegler, G., Esposito, P., Fargion, S., Fatta, E., Masutti, F., Bonaventura, M. E., Autolitano, A., Russello, M., Bellia, A., Toniutto, P., Bitetto, D., Pasulo, L., Lucà, M. G., Grattagliano, I., Palasciano, G., Romagno, D., Giannelli, G., Napoli, N., Plattella, M. S., Cassano, P., Gobbo, G., Monti, V., Raspanti, A., Cuccorese, Null, Colombo, A. E., Mandelli, G., Spinzi, G. C., Floridia, Null, Messina, V., Bonfante, S., Bellissima, P., Toti, M., Vecchiet, J., Falasca, K., Portelli, V., Stefano, G. De, Pietromatera, G., Viganò, P., Re, T., Andreoni, M., Null, G. Raineri, Grossi, P. A., Caputo, S., Cassola, G., Feasi, M., Biagio, A. Di, Nicolini, LAURA AMBRA, Giannini, EDOARDO GIOVANNI, Corbo, M., Foti, G., Kunkar, A., Caterini, L., Migliorini, D., Chiodera, A., Calleri, G., Spezia, C., Framarin, L., Null, M. Berrutti, Ciancio, A., Baiguera, C., Puoti, M., Vento, S., Contini, C., Boccia, S., Casiraghi, M. A., Simone, L., Tacconi, D., Caremani, M., Almi, P., Chimenti, M., Cosco, Null, Messeri, D., Esperti, F. C., Lomonaco, L., Pazzi, P., Fornari, F., Comparato, G., Casetti, T., Foschi, F. G., Samori, A., Ferretti, E., Marin, R., Campo, N., Testa, R., Rizzo, S., Rosina, F, Tosti, ME, Borghesio, E, Masocco, M, Mele, A, Coppola, C, Milella, M, Borgia, G, Andreone, P, Koch, M, Zignego, AL, Romano, M, Carrara, M, Almasio, PL, Azzola, E, Nardone, G, Benedetti, A, Carosi, G, Mazzotta, F, Sagnelli, E, Rizzetto, M, Rosina, F., Tosti, M. E., Borghesio, E., Masocco, M., Mele, A., Coppola, C., Milella, M., Borgia, Guglielmo, Andreone, P., Koch, M., Zignego, A. L., Romano, M., Carrara, M., Almasio, P. L., Azzola, E., Nardone, GERARDO ANTONIO PIO, Benedetti, A., Carosi, G., Mazzotta, F., Sagnelli, E., Rizzetto, M., Aifa, Aisf, Simit, Aigo, Sige, Gentile, Ivan, Morisco, Filomena, Et, Al, Floriano Rosina, Maria Elena Tosti, Elisabetta Borghesio, Maria Masocco, Alfonso Mele, Carmine Coppola, Michele Milella, Guglielmo Borgia, Pietro Andreone, Maurizio Koch, Anna Linda Zignego, Mario Romano, Maurizio Carrara, Piero Luigi Almasio, Emilio Azzola, Gerardo Nardone, Antonio Benedetti, Giampiero Carosi, Francesco Mazzotta, Evangelista Sagnelli, and Mario Rizzetto
Subjects: Registrie, Male, Cirrhosis, medicine.disease_cause, Polyethylene Glycol, Gastroenterology, Polyethylene Glycols, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatitis Viruse, Prospective Studies, Viral, Registries, Chronic, Prospective cohort study, Drug Carrier, Drug Carriers, Settore MED/12 - Gastroenterologia, Medicine (all), Recombinant Protein, Middle Aged, Hepatitis C, Recombinant Proteins, Treatment Outcome, Italy, Combination, RNA, Viral, Population study, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Hepatitis C virus, Alpha interferon, Ribavirin, Sustained virological response (SVR), Treatment, Antiviral Agents, Follow-Up Studie, Hepatology, Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Antiviral Agent, business.industry, Interferon-alpha, HCV therapy, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Prospective Studie, chemistry, Immunology, RNA, Follow-Up Studies, business
Abstract: a b s t r a c t Background: Data on the efficacy of Peg-interferon/ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C are mostly derived from treatment of selected patients enrolled in clinical trials. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Peg-interferon/ribavirin therapy in “real world” chronic hepatitis C patients in Italy. Methods: Independent observational multicentre study including consecutive patients receiving Peginterferon/ribavirin in the 18 months before (retrospective phase) and after (prospective phase) the start of the study. Results: 4176 patients were eligible. The final study population consisted of 2051 patients in the retrospective and 2073 in the prospective phase. Sustained virological response was achieved by 1036 patients (50.5%) during the retrospective phase: 325 were genotypes 1/4 (34.1%) and 684 were genotypes 2/3 (67.2%) and by 800 patients (38.6%) during the prospective phase: 300 were genotypes 1/4 (28.4%) and 473 were genotypes 2/3 (51.5%). During multivariate analysis genotypes 2/3 were significantly associated with higher sustained virological response rates; cirrhosis and -glutamil-transpeptidase >2 times the normal limit were associated with poorer response. Conclusions: The response to Peg-interferon/ribavirin therapy in “real world” clinical practice is distinctly lower than in registration trials. The difference in response rates was more pronounced among easy-totreat than among difficult-to-treat hepatitis C virus genotypes.
Published: 2014

11. Clinical and virological survey of patients with hepatitis B surface antigen in an Italian region: clinical considerations and disease burden

Author: Torre, F, Basso, Monica, Giannini, Eg, Feasi, M, Boni, S, Grasso, A, De Leo, P, Dodi, F, Marazzi, Mg, Azzola, E, Bartolacci, V, Percario, G, Beltrame, A, Borro, P, Picciotto, A, and Ligurian HBV Study Group
Subjects: Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Adolescent, HIV Infections, Comorbidity, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Liver disease, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Orthohepadnavirus, Risk Factors, Virology, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Hepatitis B e Antigens, Child, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, biology, business.industry, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Hepatitis D, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Child, Preschool, Female, Hepatitis D virus, business
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an Italian region, Liguria (1,572,000 inhabitants), by means of a network of 12 referral centers for liver diseases. All patients with HBV surface antigen followed throughout 2006 were included. Personal data, infectious status with risk factors, other non-infectious risk factors for liver disease, clinical status, and treatment were the questionnaire. Four hundred forty-five patients (71% male) were evaluated. Their median age was 48 years (range 5–84), and 83.4% were of Italian origin. Community-acquired infection was the principal mode of HBV transmission (82.5%), followed by previous intravenous drug use (9.4%), perinatal transmission (6.3%), and transfusion-associated transmission (1.8%). Hepatitis B e-antigen was present in 20.4% of the patients, while co-infections with hepatitis D virus and/or hepatitis C virus and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were observed in 18.7% of the patients. Chronic active hepatitis was present in 62.5% of the patients, cirrhosis in 13.5%, hepatocellular carcinoma in 2.2%, and 21.8% of the patients were inactive carriers of HBV. In all, 42.5% of the patients were treated with interferon or lamivudine and/or adefovir-dipivoxil. Forty-nine patients were co-infected with HIV (86% on highly active antiviral therapy). Nevertheless, this study identified only 2.2% of the expected patients with HBV. Hence, it has to be reasoned that few potential infectious or treatable patients are referred to liver disease centers. HBV infection is still an underestimated health problem, and few potential infectious or treatable patients are referred to tertiary centers. J. Med. Virol. 81:1882–1886, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2009

12. Clinical and virological survey of patients with hepatitis B surface antigen in an Italian region: clinical considerations and disease burden

Author: Torre, Francesco, Basso, M, Giannini, EDOARDO GIOVANNI, Feasi, M, Boni, S, Grasso, A, DE LEO, P, Dodi, F, Marazzi, Mg, Azzola, E, Bartolacci, V, Percario, G, Beltrame, A, Borro, P, Picciotto, Antonino, Savarino, Vincenzo, and LIGURIAN HBV STUDY GROUP
Published: 2009

13. Integrase inhibitor‐based treatment in clinical practice

Author: Cenderello, G, Piscopo, R, Feasi, M, Penco, G, Bobbio, N, and Cassola, G
Subjects: Raltegravir -- Dosage and administration -- Patient outcomes -- Complications and side effects, HIV infection -- Drug therapy -- Patient outcomes, Health
Abstract: 7‐11 November 2010, Tenth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK, Background Raltegravir(RAL) is a the first compound of a novel class: integrase inhibitors. Aim of our study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of RAL based regimen. Materials and methods [...]
Published: 2010
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14. Safety and efficacy of a raltegravir-based dual antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice

Author: Cenderello, G, primary, Penco, G, additional, Pontali, E, additional, Feasi, M, additional, and Cassola, G, additional
Published: 2012
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15. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: A case–control study

Author: Giusti, A., primary, Penco, G., additional, Barone, A., additional, Pizzonia, M., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Feasi, M., additional, Piscopo, R., additional, Pontali, E., additional, Palummeri, E., additional, Cassola, G., additional, and Pioli, G., additional
Published: 2011
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16. Hepatitis B reactivation prophylaxis in immune-suppressed patients

Author: Torresin, A., primary, Feasi, M., additional, and Cassola, G., additional
Published: 2008
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17. A significant proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis B who are candidates for antiviral treatment are untreated: A region-wide survey in Italy.

Author: Giannini EG, Torre F, Basso M, Feasi M, Boni S, Grasso A, De Leo P, Dodi F, Marazzi MG, Azzola E, Bartolacci V, Percario G, Beltrame A, Borro P, Savarino V, Picciotto A, and Ligurian Hepatitis B Virus Study Group
Published: 2009
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18. Theme 3: genotypic resistance tests for the management of the HIV-infected pregnant woman.

Author: Bassetti D, Cargnel A, Micheli V, di Biagio A, Rosso R, Bassetti M, Feasi M, and Gatto G
Abstract: Witness for the prosecution: Dante BassettiRecommendations for genotypic resistance testing in HIV-infected pregnant women are the same as for non-pregnant women: acute HIV infection, virological failure or suboptimal viral suppression after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, or high likelihood of exposure to resistant virus based on community prevalence or source characteristics. All pregnant women with detectable HIV-RNA levels should perform resistance testing to maximize the response to antiretrovirals in pregnancy. Currently there are no data on the value of drug resistance testing to prevent vertical transmission. Most studies show that the most important factor in the risk of transmission is the amount of HIV-RNA at the moment of delivery. A strategy to overcome this problem would be to use of resistance testing to select a regimen, which has the greatest potential to reduce viral load at the moment of delivery. We would also like to use the same information to select the regimen that would be used to provide prophylaxis to the newborn. It is currently unknown whether zidovudine (ZDV) prevents transmission through another mechanism(s) in addition to reducing viral load, so one could argue that even if ZDV resistance has been found in the mother, it should still be included in the regimen. Witness for the defence: Antonietta CargnelTo reduce the risk of HIV vertical transmission, prospective controlled trials on the use of antiretroviral prophylactic treatment in different schedules during pregnancy were conducted. These studies assessed the efficacy of short- or medium-term antiretroviral therapy in reducing vertical transmission, but highlighted the concerns about the selection of resistant variants (monotherapy prophylaxis or suboptimal regimens). The availability of recent more complex multidrug regimens increased the prevalence of drug resistance among the HIV-1-infected population; so, women of childbearing age are at risk of becoming infected with resistant virus and those on treatment, living in developed countries, could harbour resistant virus before pregnancy. Therefore, there are growing concern about the role of these resistant variants in mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. Several studies documenting HIV-resistant variants in vertical transmission form a compelling basis for recommending the use of HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance tests during pregnancy. Owing to the availability of different genotypic HIV-1 tests at variable costs, the choice of the most appropriate assay could take into account the prevalence and incidence of drug-resistant mutations, the availability of drugs and the antiretroviral experience setting, to choose the best long-term effective antiretroviral therapy for the mother and to avoid the risk of transmission to the offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2003

19. Clinical management of imported malaria in Italy: Results from a national cross-sectional survey in 2015

Author: Lepore, L., Vairo, F., D Abramo, A., Grilli, E., Corpolongo, A., Scorzolini, L., Nisii, C., Calleri, G., Castelli, F., Chirianni, A., Ippolito, G., Nicastri, E., Andreoni, M., Angarano, G., Anselmo, M., Ascoli Bartoli, T., Bartoloni, A., Bassi, P., Bevilacqua, N., Bisoffi, Z., Cacopardo, B., Caligaris, S., Calzetti, C., Casolari, S., Cassola, G., Chianura, L., Chiodera, A., Conforto, M., Coppola, N., Luca, A., Feasi, M., Ferrari, C., Filippini, P., Foti, G., Francavilla, E., Fusco, F. M., Tekle, S. G., Giancola, M. L., Giammario, A., Giobbia, M., Giordani, M. T., Gobbi, F., Gori, A., Grossi, P., Iacobello, C., Iannetta, M., Libanore, M., Luzzati, R., Magnani, G., Manfrin, V., Mariano, A., Mastroianni, C., Mazzotta, F., Mecocci, L., Mondardini, V., Montineri, A., Nicolini, L. A., Oliva, A., Palazzolo, C., Pasquale, G., Portelli, V., Puoti, M., Quirino, T., Santantonio, T. A., Sarmati, L., Sciotti, M. P., Scotton, P., Tomasoni, L. R., Toscanini, F., Tunesi, S., Elisa Vanino, Viale, P., Viganò, P., Viscoli, C., Vullo, V., Lepore, L., Vairo, F., D'Abramo, A., Grilli, E., Corpolongo, A., Scorzolini, L., Nisii, C., Calleri, G., Castelli, F., Chirianni, A., Ippolito, G., Nicastri, E., Andreoni, M., Angarano, G., Anselmo, M., Ascoli Bartoli, T., Bartoloni, A., Bassi, P., Bevilacqua, N., Bisoffi, Z., Cacopardo, B., Caligaris, S., Calzetti, C., Casolari, S., Cassola, G., Chianura, L., Chiodera, A., Conforto, M., Coppola, N., De Luca, A., Feasi, M., Ferrari, C., Filippini, P., Foti, G., Francavilla, E., Fusco, F. M., Tekle, S. G., Giancola, M. L., Giammario, A., Giobbia, M., Giordani, M. T., Gobbi, F., Gori, A., Grossi, P., Iacobello, C., Iannetta, M., Libanore, M., Luzzati, R., Magnani, G., Manfrin, V., Mariano, A., Mastroianni, C., Mazzotta, F., Mecocci, L., Mondardini, V., Montineri, A., Nicolini, L. A., Oliva, A., Palazzolo, C., Pasquale, G., Portelli, V., Puoti, M., Quirino, T., Santantonio, T. A., Sarmati, L., Sciotti, M. P., Scotton, P., Tomasoni, L. R., Toscanini, F., Tunesi, S., Vanino, E., Viale, P., Vigano, P., Viscoli, C., and Vullo, V.
Subjects: Plasmodium, Travel, Clinical Management, Imported Malaria, Italian National Survey, Plasmodium falciparum, Malaria, Antimalarials, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Italy, Retrospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires
Abstract: In Italy, malaria continues to be one of the most common imported parasitoses; therefore, continuous surveillance of epidemiological data and clinical management is needed. In 2016, the National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' in Rome promoted a retrospective questionnaire-based survey to assess the clinical management of imported malaria cases in Italy in 2015. The questionnaire was sent to 104 Tropical and/or Infectious Diseases Units in the country, and 37 of them filled out and returned the questionnaires. A total of 399 malaria cases were reported in 2015, mostly caused by Plasmodium falciparum and imported from Africa. Malaria chemoprophylaxis was correctly used by a minority of patients. Most patients presented with uncomplicated malaria and were treated orally. In severe cases, intravenous artesunate or quinine alone or in combination were administered, although one third of these severe cases received oral treatment. This retrospective survey reveals a lack of homogeneity in management of malaria-imported cases in Italy. Improvement of malaria chemoprophylaxis, standardization of clinical management of malaria cases and harmonization of oral and intravenous drug availability are needed throughout the country.

20. Use of colistin in adult patients: a cross-sectional study

Author: Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto, Saffioti, Carolina, Losito, Angela Raffaella, Rinaldi, Matteo, Aurilio, Caterina, Bolla, Cesare, Boni, Silvia, Borgia, Guglielmo, Carannante, Novella, Cassola, Giovanni, Ceccarelli, Giancarlo, Corcione, Silvia, Gasperina, Daniela Dalla, De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, Dentone, Chiara, Di Bella, Stefano, Di Lauria, Nicoletta, Feasi, Marcello, Fiore, Marco, Fossati, Sara, Franceschini, Erica, Gori, Andrea, Granata, Guido, Grignolo, Sara, Grossi, Paolo Antonio, Guadagnino, Giuliana, Lagi, Filippo, Maraolo, Alberto Enrico, Marinò, Valeria, Mazzitelli, Maria, Mularoni, Alessandra, Oliva, Alessandra, Pace, Maria Caterina, Parisini, Andrea, Patti, Francesca, Petrosillo, Nicola, Pota, Vincenzo, Raffaelli, Francesca, Rossi, Marianna, Santoro, Antonella, Tascini, Carlo, Torti, Carlo, Trecarichi, Enrico Maria, Venditti, Mario, Viale, Pierluigi, Signori, Alessio, Del Bono, Valerio, Giannella, Maddalena, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Tumbarello, Mario, Viscoli, Claudio, Passavanti, Maria Beatrice, Rogati, C, Sansone, Pasquale, Sarteschi, G, Roberto Giacobbe, Daniele, Saffioti1, Carolina, Raffaella Losito, Angela, Rinaldi, Matteo, Aurilio, Caterina, Bolla, Cesare, Boni, Silvia, Borgia, Guglielmo, Carannante, Novella, Cassola, Giovanni, Ceccarelli, Giancarlo, Corcione, Silvia, Dalla Gasperina, Daniela, Giuseppe De Rosa, Francesco, Dentone, Chiara, DI BELLA, Stefano, Di Lauria, Nicoletta, Feasi, Marcello, Fiore, Marco, Fossati, Sara, Franceschini, Erica, Gori, Andrea, Granata, Guido, Grignolo, Sara, Antonio Grossi, Paolo, Guadagnino, Giuliana, Lagi, Filippo, Enrico Maraolo, Alberto, Marinò, Valeria, Mazzitelli, Maria, Mularoni, Alessandra, Oliva, Alessandra, Caterina Pace, Maria, Parisini, Andrea, Patti, Francesca, Petrosillo, Nicola, Pota, Vincenzo, Raffaelli, Francesca, Rossi, Marianna, Santoro, Antonella, Tascini, Carlo, Torti, Carlo, Maria Trecarichi, Enrico, Venditti, Mario, Viale, Pierluigi, Signori, Alessio, Bassetti, Matteo, Del Bono, Valerio, Giannella, Maddalena, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Tumbarello, Mario, Viscoli, Claudio, Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto, Saffioti, Carolina, Losito, Angela Raffaella, Gasperina, Daniela Dalla, De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, Di Bella, Stefano, Grossi, Paolo Antonio, Maraolo, Alberto Enrico, Pace, Maria Caterina, Trecarichi, Enrico Maria, Passavanti, Maria Beatrice, Rogati, C, Sansone, Pasquale, Sarteschi, G, Giacobbe D.R., Saffioti C., Losito A.R., Rinaldi M., Aurilio C., Bolla C., Boni S., Borgia G., Carannante N., Cassola G., Ceccarelli G., Corcione S., Dalla Gasperina D., De Rosa F.G., Dentone C., Di Bella S., Di Lauria N., Feasi M., Fiore M., Fossati S., Franceschini E., Gori A., Granata G., Grignolo S., Grossi P.A., Guadagnino G., Lagi F., Maraolo A.E., Marino V., Mazzitelli M., Mularoni A., Oliva A., Pace M.C., Parisini A., Patti F., Petrosillo N., Pota V., Raffaelli F., Rossi M., Santoro A., Tascini C., Torti C., Trecarichi E.M., Venditti M., Viale P., Signori A., Bassetti M., Del Bono V., Giannella M., Mikulska M., Tumbarello M., and Viscoli C.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Endemic Diseases, Drug Resistance, Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomona, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, Levofloxacin, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Klebsiella, polycyclic compounds, Acinetobacter, Antimicrobial resistance, Colistimethate, Colistin, Pseudomonas, Administration, Intravenous, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Prescriptions, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Respiratory Tract Infections, Sepsis, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, colistin, colistimethate, Bacterial, QR1-502, Administration, Combination, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), antimicrobial resistance, Intravenous, Multiple, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Cefepime, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Microbiology, Loading dose, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, Lower respiratory tract infection, medicine, business.industry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, business
Abstract: Objectives The aim of this study was to assess colistin use in a country endemic for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB). Methods Colistin prescription patterns were evaluated in 22 Italian centres. Factors associated with use of colistin in combination with other anti-MDR-GNB agents were also assessed. Results A total of 221 adults receiving colistin were included in the study. Their median age was 64 years (interquartile range 52–73 years) and 134 (61%) were male. Colistin was mostly administered intravenously (203/221; 92%) and mainly for targeted therapy (168/221; 76%). The most frequent indications for colistin therapy were bloodstream infection and lower respiratory tract infection. Intravenous colistin was administered in combination with at least another anti-MDR-GNB agent in 80% of cases (163/203). A loading dose of 9 MU of colistimethate was administered in 79% of patients receiving i.v. colistin and adequate maintenance doses in 85%. In multivariable analysis, empirical therapy [odds ratio (OR) = 3.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–8.53;P = 0.017] and targeted therapy for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection (OR = 4.76, 95% CI 1.69–13.43; P = 0.003) were associated with use of colistin in combination with other agents, whilst chronic renal failure (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.17–0.88; P = 0.024) was associated with use of colistin monotherapy. Conclusion Colistin remains an important option for severe MDR-GNB infections when other treatments are not available. Despite inherent difficulties in optimising its use owing to peculiar pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics, colistin was mostly used appropriately in a country endemic for MDR-GNB.
Published: 2020

21. Babesiosis in the immunocompromised population: Results from a multicentric cohort study conducted in Italy.

Author: Barbiero A, Gabrielli S, Dani L, Spinicci M, Lagi F, Basile G, Nacci F, Mantella A, Kiros ST, Pieri A, Delama A, Piubelli C, Scarso S, Angheben A, Feasi M, Granozzi B, Comai G, Varani S, Zammarchi L, and Bartoloni A
Abstract: Human babesiosis is an emerging zoonotic disease; diffused especially in some regions of the United States, it has been less frequently observed in other continents, including Europe. Serological surveys suggest that babesiosis could be more frequent than expected in European countries, representing an emerging health-issue and a possible harm, especially in immunocompromised populations. Only one case of human babesiosis has been reported in Italy and data about the diffusion of the pathogen in this country are scant. We conducted a multicentric serological survey in 5 centers of North-Eastern Italy, aimed to detect the seroprevalence of Babesia spp. antibodies in 3 groups of immunocompromised patients: people living with HIV (PLHIV), rheumatologic patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapies and patients undergoing renal transplant. Among the 433 enrolled patients, 3 (0.7%) tested positive for Babesia spp. serology. All positive patients belonged to the PLHIV group, with a seroprevalence of 1.7% (3/180) in this population; the three serologically positive patients were all asymptomatic. They were all enrolled in the provinces of Bolzano and Trento, where seroprevalences of 3.1% and 3.6% were recorded, respectively. Our results suggest that further research is needed on this field, awareness should be raised toward the human disease in Europe, especially in immunocompromised patients, and this emerging health issue should be analyzed in a One-Health perspective to be fully understood., Competing Interests: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare., (© 2024 The Authors.)
Published: 2024
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22. Lower aids-related hospitalizations in women living with HIV multidrug resistance.

Author: Papaioannu Borjesson R, Galli L, Lolatto R, Menzaghi B, Feasi M, Gulminetti R, Fornabaio C, Cattelan AM, Bonora S, Lagi F, Zazzi M, Castagna A, and Spagnuolo V
Subjects: Female, Humans, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data
Published: 2024
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23. Innovative Approaches to Monitor Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) Bundle Efficacy in Intensive Care Unit (ICU): Role of Device Standardized Infection Rate (dSIR) and Standardized Utilization Ratio (SUR)-An Italian Experience.

Author: Boni S, Sartini M, Del Puente F, Adriano G, Blasi Vacca E, Bobbio N, Carbone A, Feasi M, Grasso V, Lattuada M, Nelli M, Oliva M, Parisini A, Prinapori R, Santarsiero MC, Tigano S, Cristina ML, and Pontali E
Abstract: In several settings, the COVID-19 pandemic determined a negative impact on the occurrence of healthcare-associated infection, particularly for on central lines associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). In our setting, we observed a significant increase in CLABSI in our intensive care unit (ICU) during 2020 and 2021 vs. 2018 to 2019. A refresher training activity on central venous catheter (CVC) management bundles was carried out in September-October 2021 for the ICU health staff. We assessed the impact of bundle implementation by means of standardized indicators, such as the Device Utilization Ratio (DUR), in this case, the Central Line Utilization Ratio, the Standardized Utilization Ratio (SUR), and the device Standardized Infection Ratio (dSIR). Standardized ratios for device use and infection ratio were computed using data from 2018 and 2019 as expectation data. After bundle implementation, we observed a significant reduction of dSIR ( p < 0.001), which dropped from 3.23 and 2.99 in the 2020-2021 biennium to 1.11 in 2022 (CLABSI in the first quarter only); no more CLABSI were observed afterwards. Standardized ratios proved helpful in identify increasing trends of CLABSI in the ICU and monitoring the impact of a simple effective tool, i.e., training on and implementation of a bundle for CVC management.
Published: 2024
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24. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU): The Experience of a North-West Italian Center.

Author: Parisini A, Boni S, Vacca EB, Bobbio N, Puente FD, Feasi M, Prinapori R, Lattuada M, Sartini M, Cristina ML, Usiglio D, and Pontali E
Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused an increase in intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalizations with a rise in morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, there is still little evidence on the impact of the pandemic on antibiotic resistance in ICUs. This is a retrospective, monocentric epidemiological study. The aim of the study was to describe and analyze the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on ICU bacterial resistance patterns. All bacteria isolated from all patients admitted to the E.O. Galliera ICU from January 2018 to December 2022 were included. Antibiotic resistance (AR) profiles were evaluated. A total of 1021 microorganisms were identified, of which 221 (12.47%) had a resistance pattern (resistant organisms; ROs). In this time, there were 1679 patients with a total of 12,030 hospitalization days. The majority of microorganisms were Gram-negative (79.66% in 2018, 77.29% in 2019, 61.83% in 2020, 62.56% in 2021, and 60.75% in 2022), but an increase in Gram-positive microorganisms was observed (20.34 to 39.25% between 2018 and 2022). The prevalence of AR was 19.44% in 2018, 11.54% in 2019, 38.04% in 2020, 34.15% in 2021, and 39.29% in 2022 for Gram-positive microorganisms and 19.86% in 2018, 13.56% in 2019, 18.12% in 2020, 12.41% in 2021, and 12.31% in 2012 for Gram-negative microorganisms. The incidence of ROs showed a COVID-19-related increase in 2020-2021, followed by a lowering trend since 2021, and a new increase in 2022. Possible explanations are antibiotic overtreatment and a decrease in containment measures. An interesting finding was the cumulative lowering trend of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa , probably due to different patient features.
Published: 2023
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25. Spontaneous NLRP3 inflammasome-driven IL-1-β secretion is induced in severe COVID-19 patients and responds to anakinra treatment.

Author: Bertoni A, Penco F, Mollica H, Bocca P, Prigione I, Corcione A, Cangelosi D, Schena F, Del Zotto G, Amaro A, Paladino N, Pontali E, Feasi M, Signa S, Bustaffa M, Caorsi R, Palmeri S, Contini P, De Palma R, Pfeffer U, Uva P, Rubartelli A, Gattorno M, and Volpi S
Subjects: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Cytokine Release Syndrome drug therapy, Cytokines metabolism, DNA, Complementary, Humans, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein therapeutic use, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein metabolism, NLR Proteins, Receptors, Interleukin-1, SARS-CoV-2, Inflammasomes metabolism, COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Abstract: Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may result in a severe pneumonia associated with elevation of blood inflammatory parameters, reminiscent of cytokine storm syndrome. Steroidal anti-inflammatory therapies have shown efficacy in reducing mortality in critically ill patients; however, the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 triggers such an extensive inflammation remain unexplained., Objectives: To dissect the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammation in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we studied the role of IL-1β, a pivotal cytokine driving inflammatory phenotypes, whose maturation and secretion are regulated by inflammasomes., Methods: We analyzed nod-like receptor protein 3 pathway activation by means of confocal microscopy, plasma cytokine measurement, cytokine secretion following in vitro stimulation of blood circulating monocytes, and whole-blood RNA sequencing. The role of open reading frame 3a SARS-CoV-2 protein was assessed by confocal microscopy analysis following nucleofection of a monocytic cell line., Results: We found that circulating monocytes from patients with COVID-19 display ASC (adaptor molecule apoptotic speck like protein-containing a CARD) specks that colocalize with nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and spontaneously secrete IL-1β in vitro. This spontaneous activation reverts following patient's treatment with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra. Transfection of a monocytic cell line with cDNA coding for the ORF3a SARS-CoV-2 protein resulted in ASC speck formation., Conclusions: These results provide further evidence that IL-1β targeting could represent an effective strategy in this disease and suggest a mechanistic explanation for the strong inflammatory manifestations associated with COVID-19., (Copyright © 2022 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2022
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26. Achieving virological control in pan-resistant HIV-1 infection: A case series.

Author: Canetti D, Muccini C, Spagnuolo V, Galli L, Poli A, Gianotti N, Feasi M, and Castagna A
Subjects: Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Viral Load, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV-1 genetics
Abstract: Background: HIV-1 pan-resistance refers to a reduced susceptibility to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and integrase strand tranfer inhibitors. Although still anecdotal, its management remains a concern both for affected people living with HIV (PLWH) and for public health., Methods: We described genotypic resistance testing (GRT) of three PLWH with a documented poor virological response to previous antiretroviral therapies, who started ibalizumab, an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody, combined with an optimized background therapy. Both historical and most recent GRT on plasma RNA and peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA were interpreted according to the Stanford HIVDb version 9.0 (last updated on 22 February, 2021). After the switch to a regimen including the monoclonal antibody, HIV-1 RNA has been quantified biweekly (PCR Cobas® HIV-1 test 6800 Systems, Roche Diagnostics). Follow-up was censored at data freezing (16 January, 2021)., Findings: We report findings from heavily treatment-experienced PLWH with a pan-resistant HIV-1 infection, who achieved virological control once introduced injections of ibalizumab, that is free from cross-resistance with all the antiretroviral drugs available and ensures patient adherence due to a close monitoring attributable to the route of administration, combined with recycled enfuvirtide and an optimized background regimen, selected on the basis of an accurate evaluation of resistance mutations., Interpretation: In these cases, this new approach has revealed to be a turning point in achieving virological control., Funding: None, this research was supported by internal funding., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests DC, CM, LG, AP and MF declare no competing interests. VS has received grants from a Gilead Sciences fellowship program, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare. NG has received consulting fees from Janssen-Cilag and ViiV Healthcare, support for attending meetings and/or travel from ViiV Healthcare and participated on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for ViiV Healthcare. AC has received consulting fees, honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events, support for attending meetings and/or travel from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag, ViiV Healthcare, and Theratecnologies., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2022
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27. Giant Granuloma Simulating Brain Tumor as Isolated Manifestation of Tuberculosis.

Author: Fischetti A, Romano N, Rutigliani M, Feasi M, and Castaldi A
Subjects: Granuloma diagnostic imaging, Humans, Brain Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Tuberculosis complications, Tuberculosis diagnosis
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose regarding this manuscript.
Published: 2022
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28. Riding the COVID Waves: Clinical Trends, Outcomes, and Remaining Pitfalls of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An Analysis of Two High-Incidence Periods at a Hospital in Northern Italy.

Author: Sartini M, Del Puente F, Oliva M, Carbone A, Blasi Vacca E, Parisini A, Boni S, Bobbio N, Feasi M, Battistella A, Pontali E, and Cristina ML
Abstract: Background: Italy was the first western country to face an uncontrolled outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The epidemic began in March 2020 within a context characterised by a general lack of knowledge about the disease. The first scientific evidence emerged months later, leading to treatment changes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of these changes., Methods: Data from a hospital in Genoa, Italy, were analysed. Patients deceased from SARS-CoV-2 infection were selected. Data were compared by dividing patients into two cohorts: "phase A" (March-May 2020) and "phase B" (October-December 2020)., Results: A total of 5142 patients were admitted. There were 274 SARS-CoV-2-related deaths (162 phase A and 112 phase B). No differences were observed in terms of demographics, presentation, or comorbidities. A significant increase was recorded in corticosteroid use. Mortality was 33.36% during phase A, falling to 21.71% during phase B. When subdividing the trend during the two phases by age, we found a difference in people aged 65-74 years., Conclusions: There is scarce evidence regarding treatment for SARS-CoV-2 (especially for severe infection). However, treatment changes improved the prognosis for people under the age of 75. The prognosis for older people remains poor, despite the improvements achieved.
Published: 2021
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29. The importance of thinking about Guillain-Barré syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case with pure dysautonomic presentation.

Author: Biassoni E, Assini A, Gandoglia I, Benedetti L, Boni S, Pontali E, Feasi M, Gandolfo F, and Del Sette M
Subjects: Aged, Guillain-Barre Syndrome complications, Humans, Male, Primary Dysautonomias etiology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 complications, Guillain-Barre Syndrome diagnosis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome virology, Primary Dysautonomias virology
Abstract: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a peripheral nervous system disease caused by an immune-mediated inflammatory mechanism, usually triggered by a previous infectious process or vaccine; its typical presentation is a rapid and progressive bilateral limb hyposthenia, associated with sensory deficits and reduction or absence of osteotendinous reflexes. However, also autonomic nervous system can be involved with heart rate fluctuations, blood pressure instability, pupillary dysfunction, and urinary retention. Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, GBS has been reported among neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, although etiopathological mechanisms still have to be clearly defined. We report the case of a 79-year-old man with multiple comorbidities, including diabetes, who was affected by SARS-CoV-2 interstitial pneumonia and developed dysautonomic symptoms after 10 days of hospitalization. A neurological evaluation was performed, and GBS was considered as a possible cause of the clinical manifestations. This hypothesis was confirmed by electrophysiological study and further supported, ex-juvantibus, by the satisfactory response to immunoglobulin treatment. In our opinion, this case of pure dysautonomic presentation of GBS in a SARS-CoV-2 positive patient is relevant because it suggests to consider GBS upon SARS-CoV-2 infection even if the symptoms have uncommon characteristics (e.g., pure vegetative manifestations) and if there are confounding factors which could lead to a misdiagnosis (e.g., old age, SARS-CoV-2 infection consequences and diabetes)., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
Published: 2021
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30. Giant tuberculoma of the corpus callosum, the unforeseen diagnosis.

Author: Tardivo V, Pontali E, Lupidi F, Bruzzo M, Godowicz TT, Cassola G, Feasi M, Marinaro E, and Kalfas F
Abstract: Objective: Isolated intracranial tuberculomas are rare, especially in adults and it is not uncommon that they are easily confused with other diseases. To address this issue, we reported a case of a tuberculoma of the corpus callosum focusing on clinical characteristics, diagnostic clues, and outcome., Conclusions: Intracranial masses are frequently targeted as neoplastic pathology with surgical treatment in most cases. It is important to distinguish between neuro tuberculoma and brain tumors because of their different management and prognosis. Therefore even in absence of a known history of primary TB and in immunocompetent patients, tuberculoma must be in the differential diagnosis of solitary intracranial lesions also in countries where TB is not endemic.
Published: 2021
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31. Efficacy of early anti-inflammatory treatment with high doses of intravenous anakinra with or without glucocorticoids in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Author: Pontali E, Volpi S, Signori A, Antonucci G, Castellaneta M, Buzzi D, Montale A, Bustaffa M, Angelelli A, Caorsi R, Giambruno E, Bobbio N, Feasi M, Gueli I, Tricerri F, Calautti F, Castagnola E, Moscatelli A, Rollandi GA, Ravelli A, Cassola G, Sormani MP, and Gattorno M
Subjects: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, COVID-19 mortality, COVID-19 physiopathology, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Italy epidemiology, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Methylprednisolone administration & dosage, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Respiration, Artificial, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Inflammatory Agents administration & dosage, Glucocorticoids administration & dosage, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein administration & dosage, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Abstract: Background: IL-1 plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response during cytokine storm syndromes., Objective: Our aim was to analyze the efficacy and safety of early anti-inflammatory treatment (AIT) with intravenous anakinra with or without glucocorticoids in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia., Methods: We performed a retrospective single-center cohort study of patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia from February 26 to April 29, 2020, to assess the efficacy of early AIT with intravenous anakinra (100 mg every 8 hours for 3 days, with tapering) alone or in combination with a glucocorticoid (intravenous methylprednisolone, 1-2 mg/kg daily, with tapering). The standard of care (SOC) treatment was hydroxychloroquine and/or azithromycin with or without antivirals and anticoagulants. Late rescue AIT with anakinra or tocilizumab was also evaluated. Treatment effect on overall survival was assessed by a propensity score-adjusted Cox model., Results: A total of 128 patients were analyzed; 63 patients received early AIT (30 received anakinra alone and 33 received anakinra plus a glucocorticoid) at admission, and 65 patients did not receive early AIT and were used as controls; of the latter 65 patients, 44 received the SOC treatment alone and 21 received the SOC treatment plus late rescue AIT. After adjustment for all the unbalanced baseline covariates, early AIT reduced the hazard of mortality by 74% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.26; P < .001). The effect was similar in patients receiving anakinra alone (adjusted HR = 0.28; P = .04) and anakinra plus a glucocorticoid (adjusted HR = 0.33; P = .07). Late rescue treatment did not show a significant advantage over SOC treatment alone (adjusted HR = 0.82; P = .70)., Conclusions: This study suggests, on a larger series of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, the potential efficacy and safety of the early use of high doses of intravenous anakinra with or without glucocorticoids., (Copyright © 2021 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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32. Safety and efficacy of early high-dose IV anakinra in severe COVID-19 lung disease.

Author: Pontali E, Volpi S, Antonucci G, Castellaneta M, Buzzi D, Tricerri F, Angelelli A, Caorsi R, Feasi M, Calautti F, Castagnola E, Rollandi GA, Ravelli A, Cassola G, and Gattorno M
Subjects: Administration, Intravenous, Adult, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections complications, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral complications, Pneumonia, Viral virology, SARS-CoV-2, Treatment Outcome, Antirheumatic Agents administration & dosage, Coronavirus Infections drug therapy, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein administration & dosage, Pneumonia, Viral drug therapy
Published: 2020
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33. Use of colistin in adult patients: A cross-sectional study.

Author: Giacobbe DR, Saffioti C, Losito AR, Rinaldi M, Aurilio C, Bolla C, Boni S, Borgia G, Carannante N, Cassola G, Ceccarelli G, Corcione S, Dalla Gasperina D, De Rosa FG, Dentone C, Di Bella S, Di Lauria N, Feasi M, Fiore M, Fossati S, Franceschini E, Gori A, Granata G, Grignolo S, Grossi PA, Guadagnino G, Lagi F, Maraolo AE, Marinò V, Mazzitelli M, Mularoni A, Oliva A, Pace MC, Parisini A, Patti F, Petrosillo N, Pota V, Raffaelli F, Rossi M, Santoro A, Tascini C, Torti C, Trecarichi EM, Venditti M, Viale P, Signori A, Bassetti M, Del Bono V, Giannella M, Mikulska M, Tumbarello M, and Viscoli C
Subjects: Administration, Intravenous, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Colistin therapeutic use, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Prescriptions statistics & numerical data, Drug Therapy, Combination statistics & numerical data, Endemic Diseases, Female, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Respiratory Tract Infections microbiology, Sepsis microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Colistin administration & dosage, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections drug therapy, Respiratory Tract Infections drug therapy, Sepsis drug therapy
Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess colistin use in a country endemic for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB)., Methods: Colistin prescription patterns were evaluated in 22 Italian centres. Factors associated with use of colistin in combination with other anti-MDR-GNB agents were also assessed., Results: A total of 221 adults receiving colistin were included in the study. Their median age was 64 years (interquartile range 52-73 years) and 134 (61%) were male. Colistin was mostly administered intravenously (203/221; 92%) and mainly for targeted therapy (168/221; 76%). The most frequent indications for colistin therapy were bloodstream infection and lower respiratory tract infection. Intravenous colistin was administered in combination with at least another anti-MDR-GNB agent in 80% of cases (163/203). A loading dose of 9 MU of colistimethate was administered in 79% of patients receiving i.v. colistin and adequate maintenance doses in 85%. In multivariable analysis, empirical therapy [odds ratio (OR) = 3.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-8.53;P = 0.017] and targeted therapy for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection (OR = 4.76, 95% CI 1.69-13.43; P = 0.003) were associated with use of colistin in combination with other agents, whilst chronic renal failure (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.88; P = 0.024) was associated with use of colistin monotherapy., Conclusion: Colistin remains an important option for severe MDR-GNB infections when other treatments are not available. Despite inherent difficulties in optimising its use owing to peculiar pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics, colistin was mostly used appropriately in a country endemic for MDR-GNB., (Copyright © 2019 International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2020
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34. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septicaemia in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Author: Feasi M, Pontali E, Usiglio D, Mori M, and Cassola G
Subjects: Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Bacteremia microbiology, Erysipelothrix Infections complications, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic complications
Abstract: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that is rarely reported as a causative agent of infections in humans. Human cases in most instances present as localized or generalized skin infections. Invasive infections are exceptionally described and septic forms are usually associated with endocarditis. We report a case of invasive infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae without skin or endocardium involvement in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an isolated bacteraemia due to this pathogen in a patient with SLE without skin or endocardium involvement.
Published: 2018

35. Increased CD38 expression on T lymphocytes as a marker of HIV dissemination into the central nervous system.

Author: Dentone C, Fenoglio D, Schenone E, Cenderello G, Prinapori R, Signori A, Parodi A, Kalli F, Battaglia F, Feasi M, Bruzzone B, Viscoli C, Filaci G, and Di Biagio A
Subjects: ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 blood, ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 cerebrospinal fluid, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers metabolism, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 genetics, HIV-1 immunology, Humans, Italy, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins blood, Membrane Glycoproteins cerebrospinal fluid, Middle Aged, RNA, Viral blood, RNA, Viral cerebrospinal fluid, Viremia, ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 metabolism, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Central Nervous System virology, HIV Infections immunology, HIV-1 physiology, Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism
Abstract: Cross-sectional analysis on 20 HIV-1 patients with neurological symptoms admitted to two infectious disease units. Cut-off of HIV-RNA (VL) was 20 copies/ml for plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotype of circulating and CSF T lymphocytes. CD38 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was higher on circulating CD4+T lymphocytes from patients with VL>20 copies/ml in plasma (P=0.001) or CSF (P=0.001). The frequency of circulating CD8+CD38+T cells and CD38 MFI on these cells were higher in patients with VL>20 copies/ml than in those with undetectable plasma VL (P=0.030 and P=0.023). The frequency of CSF CD4+CD38+T, as well as their CD38 and CD95 MFI, were increased in patients with detectable than non-detectable plasma VL (P=0.01, P=0.03, and P=0.05). The % CD38+CD8+T in CSF correlated with time of virological suppression (ρ=-0.462, P=0.040) and the CNS penetration-effectiveness (CPE) score (ρ=-0.467, P=0.038). In conclusion, (a) the expression of CD38+ on both CD4+, CD8+T lymphocytes from peripheral blood and CSF discriminated between viremic and non-viremic patients and (b) T cell activation/apoptosis markers inversely correlated with CPE to remark the importance for therapy to restore immunological functions.
Published: 2015
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36. Therapeutic management of chronic hepatitis B in clinical practice: a region-wide survey.

Author: Giannini EG, Marenco S, Boni S, Beltrame A, Nicolini LA, Taramasso L, Feasi M, Grasso A, De Leo P, Percario G, Bartolacci V, Artioli S, Viscoli C, Cassola G, Testa R, Anselmo M, Riccio G, Savarino V, and Picciotto A
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers blood, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Progression, Female, Health Care Surveys, Hepatitis B e Antigens blood, Hepatitis B virus immunology, Hepatitis B, Chronic blood, Hepatitis B, Chronic diagnosis, Hepatitis B, Chronic epidemiology, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Tertiary Care Centers, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Hepatitis B virus drug effects, Hepatitis B, Chronic drug therapy, Interferons therapeutic use, Practice Patterns, Physicians' trends
Abstract: Goals: To characterize the clinical and treatment pattern in a large population of hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients managed at tertiary referral centers in clinical practice., Background: Successful treatment, either with interferon (IFN) or nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs), of chronic HBV infection is associated with improved long-term patient outcome. However, in clinical practice, the actual management of these patients is not well characterized, and data regarding treatment pattern in this setting are lacking., Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 505 patients chronically infected with HBV alone and who had at least 1-year follow-up. We assessed indication to, rate of, and type of treatment as well as the characteristics of treated patients., Results: Overall prevalence of positivity for HBe antigen was 19.3%, and the majority of patients had chronic hepatitis (47.5%). Non-Italian patients represented approximately one third of the population (27.1%). Among patients with indication to antiviral therapy (n=318), treatment was actually carried out in 264 patients (83.0%), prevalently with NUCs (65.9%). IFN-treated patients were younger (P<0.001), more frequently male (P=0.025) and HBeAg positive (P=0.003), and less frequently cirrhotics (P<0.001) as compared with patients treated with NUCs., Conclusions: In a geographical area with a low positivity for HBe antigen, antiviral therapy is actually carried out in the majority of patients who have indication to treatment, prevalently with NUCs, whereas IFN treatment is more frequently carried out in young, HBe antigen-positive patients who do not have advanced liver disease.
Published: 2015
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37. Epidemiological and clinical features of hepatitis delta in HBsAg-positive patients by HIV status.

Author: Nicolini LA, Taramasso L, Schiavetti I, Giannini EG, Beltrame A, Feasi M, Cassola G, Grasso A, Bartolacci V, Sticchi L, Picciotto A, and Viscoli C
Subjects: Adult, Carrier State, Coinfection, Female, HIV isolation & purification, HIV Infections blood, HIV Infections virology, Hepatitis B blood, Hepatitis B virology, Hepatitis B virus isolation & purification, Hepatitis D blood, Hepatitis D virology, Hepatitis Delta Virus isolation & purification, Humans, Incidence, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Substance Abuse, Intravenous blood, Substance Abuse, Intravenous virology, HIV Infections epidemiology, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens blood, Hepatitis D epidemiology, Substance Abuse, Intravenous epidemiology
Abstract: Background: The epidemiology of HBV-associated hepatitis has changed in recent years, especially after the introduction of anti-HBV vaccination, with a consequent decrease in the incidence of HDV-associated hepatitis. However, HDV remains of concern in non-vaccinated people and in immigrants. The aim of this retrospective survey has been to assess prevalence and clinical characteristics of HDV infection in Liguria, a region in Northern Italy, in both HIV-positive and negative patients., Methods: During the year 2010, 641 patients chronically infected with HBV entered an observational study of HBV infection conducted in eight tertiary care centres belonging to the 'Ligurian HBV Study Group'., Results: Of 641 patients, 454 (70.8%) were evaluated for HDV serology and 26 (5.7%) were found positive. Among them, 16 were also HIV-positive and 10 were not. Of the 428 HDV-negative patients, only 313 were tested for HIV and 33 (10.5%) were positive. At the time point of study entry there was no age difference between HIV-positive or negative patients, but HIV-positive patients were 10 years younger than HIV-negative (mean age 34.25 ±6.16 versus 41.50 ±8.89 years; P=0.021) at the time point of their first visit in each centre and they were also more frequently intravenous drug users (P=0.009). Despite a similar rate of cirrhosis in the two groups, no HIV-positive patient received an HDV-active therapy (that is, interferon), versus 4 of 10 HIV-negative patients (P=0.014)., Conclusions: HDV infection is still a problem in patients not covered by HBV vaccination. Both HDV and HIV testing were frequently overlooked in our setting.
Published: 2015
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38. An unexpected Streptococcus pneumoniae strain.

Author: Cenderello G, Pontali E, Torresin A, Milano G, Ansaldi F, Feasi M, Usiglio D, Mori M, Icardi G, and Cassola G
Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Pneumococcal Infections drug therapy, Pneumococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae
Abstract: This clinical driven report describes the unexpected detection of a multidrug resistant (MDR) Streptococcus pneumoniae strain. Italy is usually considered a country characterized by a low prevalence of MDR S. pneumoniae. We describe the occurrence of bacterial meningitis sustained by a MDR S. pneumoniae strain in Italy. The first-line treatment was started with ceftriaxone and dexamethasone, but after the identification of such a resistant strain a second-line regimen was needed. The new regimen was chosen on both susceptibility and pharmacokinetic criteria. Linezolid and levofloxacin were started and a dramatic improvement was observed. A more sensitive anamnesis revealed some elements known to be associated to a MDR S. pneumoniae occurrence (immunesuppression, former antibiotic therapy). So this case should pinpoint our attention on risk factors of MDR for a careful choice of antibiotic therapy in serious pneumococcal infections.
Published: 2014
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39. Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Fatal Outcome during HIV-1-Seroconversion: A Case Report.

Author: Pontali E, Feasi M, Crisalli MP, and Cassola G
Abstract: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute or subacute peripheral polyneuropathy characterized by symmetrical muscle weakness. Its occurrence has been reported during acute HIV seroconversion since 1985. Among HIV-infected subjects, GBS has generally a favourable outcome. We report a case of GBS with fatal outcome during HIV seroconversion.
Published: 2011
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40. Lamivudine-resistance mutations can be selected even at very low levels of hepatitis B viraemia.

Author: Svicher V, Alteri C, Gori C, Salpini R, Marcuccilli F, Bertoli A, Longo R, Bernassola M, Gallinaro V, Romano S, Visca M, Ursitti A, Feasi M, Micheli V, Angelico M, Cassola G, Parruti G, Gubertini G, De Sanctis GM, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Cappiello G, Spanò A, and Perno CF
Subjects: Adenine analogs & derivatives, Adenine pharmacology, Adult, Aged, DNA, Viral, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Organophosphonates pharmacology, Viral Load, Viremia, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Hepatitis B, Chronic drug therapy, Lamivudine pharmacology
Abstract: Objective: To investigate lamivudine (LAM)-resistance profiles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) at the early stages of virological breakthrough (serum HBV-DNA 12-345IU/ml) or when HBV-DNA is undetectable., Methods: Sixty-four HBV-mono-infected patients were enrolled: 25 had virological breakthrough with serum HBV-DNA ranging from 12 to 345IU/ml during first-line LAM-monotherapy; 24 were on LAM-monotherapy, and 15 were on LAM+adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) with undetectable serum HBV-DNA (<12IU/ml)., Results: HBV-reverse transcriptase was successfully sequenced in 22 (88.0%) LAM-treated patients with HBV-DNA between 12 and 345IU/ml, and in 12 (30.8%) patients receiving LAM (±ADV) with HBV-DNA<12IU/ml. Drug-resistance mutations were observed in 17 (77.2%) LAM-treated patients with virological breakthrough: 8 M204V, 7 M204I, 1 M204I/V, and 1 A181T. One or ≥2 compensatory mutations were found in 10 (58.8%) and in 4 (23.5%) patients. Drug-resistance mutations were present also in patients with undetectable serum HBV-DNA: M204I was detected in 2 patients receiving LAM-monotherapy, and V84M in 1 patient receiving LAM+ADV., Conclusion: Overall findings support the existence of drug-resistance mutations even at very low levels of viral replication. The persistence of low-level HBV replication and consequent drug-resistance emergence should be considered when choosing therapeutic strategies., (Copyright © 2010 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2010
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41. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae intra-abdominal abscess.

Author: Feasi M, Bacigalupo L, Cappato S, Pontali E, Usiglio D, Rollandi GA, Filauro M, Mori M, and Cassola G
Subjects: Adult, Humans, Male, Postoperative Complications diagnostic imaging, Postoperative Complications microbiology, Radiography, Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed, Abdominal Abscess diagnostic imaging, Abdominal Abscess microbiology, Erysipelothrix isolation & purification, Erysipelothrix Infections complications, Erysipelothrix Infections diagnostic imaging
Abstract: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that is infrequently responsible for infections in humans. Most human cases present as localized or generalized cutaneous infections. An invasive septic form, usually associated with endocarditis, has rarely been described. We report here an invasive infection caused by E. rhusiopathiae without endocardium involvement. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an intra-abdominal abscess due to this pathogen., (Copyright 2009 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2010
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42. Clinical and virological survey of patients with hepatitis B surface antigen in an Italian region: clinical considerations and disease burden.

Author: Torre F, Basso M, Giannini EG, Feasi M, Boni S, Grasso A, De Leo P, Dodi F, Marazzi MG, Azzola E, Bartolacci V, Percario G, Beltrame A, Borro P, and Picciotto A
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections epidemiology, Hepatitis B e Antigens blood, Hepatitis C epidemiology, Hepatitis D epidemiology, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Liver Cirrhosis epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens blood, Hepatitis B, Chronic epidemiology
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an Italian region, Liguria (1,572,000 inhabitants), by means of a network of 12 referral centers for liver diseases. All patients with HBV surface antigen followed throughout 2006 were included. Personal data, infectious status with risk factors, other non-infectious risk factors for liver disease, clinical status, and treatment were the questionnaire. Four hundred forty-five patients (71% male) were evaluated. Their median age was 48 years (range 5-84), and 83.4% were of Italian origin. Community-acquired infection was the principal mode of HBV transmission (82.5%), followed by previous intravenous drug use (9.4%), perinatal transmission (6.3%), and transfusion-associated transmission (1.8%). Hepatitis B e-antigen was present in 20.4% of the patients, while co-infections with hepatitis D virus and/or hepatitis C virus and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were observed in 18.7% of the patients. Chronic active hepatitis was present in 62.5% of the patients, cirrhosis in 13.5%, hepatocellular carcinoma in 2.2%, and 21.8% of the patients were inactive carriers of HBV. In all, 42.5% of the patients were treated with interferon or lamivudine and/or adefovir-dipivoxil. Forty-nine patients were co-infected with HIV (86% on highly active antiviral therapy). Nevertheless, this study identified only 2.2% of the expected patients with HBV. Hence, it has to be reasoned that few potential infectious or treatable patients are referred to liver disease centers. HBV infection is still an underestimated health problem, and few potential infectious or treatable patients are referred to tertiary centers.
Published: 2009
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43. Imported typhoid fever with hepatitis from Bangladesh: a case of delayed response to ceftriaxone?

Author: Pontali E, Feasi M, Usiglio D, Mori M, and Cassola G
Subjects: Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Bangladesh, Ceftriaxone administration & dosage, Hepatitis drug therapy, Humans, Italy, Male, Travel, Treatment Outcome, Typhoid Fever drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Hepatitis diagnosis, Hepatitis microbiology, Salmonella typhi isolation & purification, Typhoid Fever diagnosis, Typhoid Fever microbiology
Abstract: Typhoid fever due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi has been extensively reported. We present an imported case (from Bangladesh) of typhoid fever with typhoid hepatitis due to an MDR S typhi strain with clinically delayed response or reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone. The relevant clinical and public health implications are discussed.
Published: 2008
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44. Adherence to combination antiretroviral treatment in children.

Author: Pontali E, Feasi M, Toscanini F, Bassetti M, De Gol P, Nuzzolese A, and Bassetti D
Subjects: Adolescent, Caregivers, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Patient Compliance, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use
Abstract: Purpose: To assess the level of nonadherence to combination antiretroviral therapy of HIV-infected children and to identify the main problems faced by caregivers when giving medicines to children., Method: A questionnaire was administered to the caregivers of HIV-infected children who were under combination antiretroviral treatment and were followed at our institution., Results: We evaluated 44 children (mean age, 9.4 years); 13 were treated with a two-drug regimen, 30 with a three-drug regimen, and 1 with a four-drug regimen. Each child received a mean of 8.1 pills and/or syrup doses. In 54.5% of treatments, food restrictions were necessary. The mother was the main person giving medicines to the child (56.8%). A complete written schedule of the child's treatment was present in 50% of families. About 20.5% and 31.8% of children had missed at least one dose of antiretroviral drugs in the last 3 days before assessment and since last visit (1-2 months earlier), respectively. Main problems reported by caregivers were: (a) too many medicines/ pills (34%); (b) difficulty in swallowing pills (29.5%); (c) taking medicines at school or out of home (27.3%); (d) child resisting/refusing therapy/spitting out (25%); and (e) food interactions (22.7%)., Conclusion: The observed high level of nonadherence was similar to what was reported by other pediatric studies. Specific interventions aimed at improving compliance in pediatric patients were identified: improvement of anti-HIV drug formulations, better counselling for children and their families, and tailoring of antiretroviral treatment. However, caution is necessary in generalizing our results due to the small sample size and to the heterogeneity of the cohort.
Published: 2001
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