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Objective: We retrospective reviewed the cases of transrectal prostate biopsy (TRUSPBX) at out-patient department for the relation between febrile urinary tract rate and regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis. Materials and methods: Cases of TRUSPBX at out-patient department since January 2005–December 2013 were reviewed. Relevant data before biopsy was collected. Results: Totally 689 patients with a mean age of 66 years were included for analysis. Among them, 584 cases had single dose of levofloxacin 500 mg as prophylaxis (group 1) and 105 cases had multiple doses/types of prophylactic antibiotics (group 2) were enrolled. The mean age, number of biopsy core, PSA level, total prostate volume, and cancer rate were comparable between groups. Postoperative fever occurred in 4 (0.68%) patients of group 1 and none of group 2 (p = 0.9). Conclusion: Single dose quinolone prophylaxis for out-patient transrectal prostate biopsy may be applicable in Taiwan.

Background: It is unclear when routine workup of postoperative pyrexia (POP) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) should be performed.Methods: A retrospective electronic database search was conducted on 25,558 consecutive patients undergoing primary or revision TJA between June 2001 and June 2013. We identified patient demographics, procedure type, characteristics of feverish patients, and febrile complications. The estimated costs for chest x-ray (CXR), urinalysis, urine culture, and blood culture were investigated.Results: POP occurred in 46% of TJAs. A total of 11,589 separate workups were performed in 90.5% of POP patients, of which 2.4% were positive. Urinalysis, urine culture, blood culture, and CXR were positive in 38.7%, 9.5%, 7.0%, and 0.2%, respectively. Febrile complications occurred in 4.5% and the infectious complications rate was 2.0%. The positive rate of fever workups was significantly higher in patients with the first POP occurring after postoperative day 3, POP > 102°F, multiple fever spikes, and patients undergoing revision TJA. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the time of first POP, the maximum temperature, multiple fever spikes, and revision TJA were independent predictors of febrile complications. The estimated cost for 11,319 negative workups in patients with POP was $4,636,976.80, with CXR costing $4,613,182.00.Conclusion: Selective workup of POP following TJA should be performed in patients with higher temperatures, fever occurring after postoperative day 3, those with multiple fever spikes, and those undergoing revision TJA. CXR with an extremely low positive rate should not routinely be ordered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective We retrospective reviewed the cases of transrectal prostate biopsy (TRUSPBX) at out-patient department for the relation between febrile urinary tract rate and regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis. Materials and methods Cases of TRUSPBX at out-patient department since January 2005–December 2013 were reviewed. Relevant data before biopsy was collected. Results Totally 689 patients with a mean age of 66 years were included for analysis. Among them, 584 cases had single dose of levofloxacin 500 mg as prophylaxis (group 1) and 105 cases had multiple doses/types of prophylactic antibiotics (group 2) were enrolled. The mean age, number of biopsy core, PSA level, total prostate volume, and cancer rate were comparable between groups. Postoperative fever occurred in 4 (0.68%) patients of group 1 and none of group 2 (p = 0.9). Conclusion Single dose quinolone prophylaxis for out-patient transrectal prostate biopsy may be applicable in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]