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Food is an integral factor in ensuring the active life of older citizens. However, the range of meat products, including sausages for specialized nutrition, is extremely limited. In this regard, a technology of functionally oriented boiled sausage for gerodietetic nutrition "Gerodietetic functional" has been developed. The effectiveness of using a protein-fat emulsion containing a functional ingredient – iodine in the form of a complex compound β-cyclodextrin : iodine in the preparation of minced sausage has been proven. The functional and technological properties of combined minced meat, consisting of meat from productive animals and mechanically separated poultry meat with a protein-fat emulsion have been studied. The losses of microelements amounted to 12 % in key technological operations of meat product production have been studied. Based on the study of the iodine and protein content in the finished product, its functional orientation and characteristics as a product with high protein content have been established. Systematic consumption of "Gerodietetic functional" sausage will contribute to the health and longevity of older people.

The changes in the properties of copper and its alloys as a result of severe plastic deformation (SPD) are reviewed. The literature review shows that contemporary materials science is aimed at solving the problem of producing ultrafine-grained materials with high-angle grain boundaries. With using of the methods of severe plastic deformation, it is possible to obtain so-called bulk nanostructured materials with grain sizes of 0.1-0.2 microns and specific substructures containing the lattice and grain-boundary dislocations. Such structures are characterised by large elastic distortions of the crystal lattice. It is believed that such fine-grained structures should simultaneously provide a high level of plastic and strength characteristics due to special stressed high-angle grains. The article discusses SPD methods such as torsion with shear, equal-channel angular pressing, screw extrusion, all-round forging, rolling with shear, etc. Among the most significant results of SPD, it is worth highlighting the increase in strength, fatigue resistance and elastic properties of the material. These changes make copper and its alloys subjected to SPD very attractive for use in many industries, including electrical engineering, aviation, medicine, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies evolution of copper microstructure during a combined deformation process. The essence of this process is in deformation of copper wire in a rotating equal-channel stepped matrix with subsequent drawing. Deformed wire is examined using transmission electron microscopy and EBSD analysis. After three cycles of deformation, an ultrafine-grained gradient microstructure with a high component of high-angle grain boundaries is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the change in the structural and mechanical properties of metal materials and structural elements and the modification of their magnetic behaviour under the influence of mechanical stresses, temperature and aggressive environments is established in order to create a methodology for both determining the residual resource and increasing the operational reliability of materials and systems. An express method of microstructure assessment by means of determining the change in the magnetoacoustic response of the material is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publications in the field of cryogenic-technologies' applications in the processes of the thermal and deformation treatments of metals are reviewed. The most effective fields of the applications of cryogenic liquids and gases for the heat treatment of working tools and metals (titanium, aluminium, and copper alloys) are in the rolling production and heavy engineering in order to improve the product quality, equipment and tool durability, to reduce the impact on the environment and operating personnel. The effects of cryogenic treatment and cooling on the tool life, wear, cutting temperature, surface roughness, dimensional accuracy, and cutting force are considered. As a result, the use of cryogenic processing and cryogenic cooling in machining processes increases the tool life and improves surface roughness as well as reduces the temperature of the machined surface, energy consumption during operation, and, thus, reduces tool wear that contributes to an increase in productivity. The possibility of obtaining and changing the nanostructure of a metal through the cryogenic cooling is also considered. The topic may be of interest for researchers and scientists in the field of metallurgy, materials science, and nanotechnologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]