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This research was started when the writer felt uneasy about cases concerning religious issues that have recently occurred in Indonesia. Either on purpose or not. Now there are a lot of certain people who become elements of a problem regarding religion in Indonesia, as well as when certain groups have liberal beliefs where they lack socialization in society. This study aims to describe the perspectives of an Islamic Education teacher and also the principle of religious diversity in schools. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Where the researcher looks for several sources and then puts them together and in the sense that the research is meant to gather information about the status of an existing symptom. The data collection technique was done by observing, interviewing, and documenting. As well as research subjects consisting of PAI teachers, school principals, Muslim students, and Christian students. This research was conducted directly at SMPN 13 Kupang City. From the results of the research carried out, it can be concluded that the task of a teacher is not just teaching but also the teacher can provide examples and motivation that is useful for students, besides that a teacher also has an important role in the community and also religious values. We must, but we will protect it so that in the future there will be no more cases regarding religion in Indonesia

Reminiscing about the post-war atmosphere, Cesare Cases—who was born in Milan in 1920 and died in Florence in 2005—wrote: “For those who felt uneasy and did not easily recover from the trauma [of anti-Jewish persecutions], the alternative was between left-wing parties and Zionism”. This sort of autobiographical, ideal and partly ideological triangle—trauma, Zionism and left-wing parties—profoundly influenced Cases’ life.

During the interwar years, Australians grew increasingly anxious about their sparsely populated north. They had moral qualms about leaving land idle; they felt uneasy about international criticism of their lacklustre efforts in the tropics; they feared a stronger, more resolute nation might rob them of their under-utilised heritage. While anxieties intensified, there was an efflorescence of travel writing on northern Australia as cars and aeroplanes made this part of the continent a little more accessible. Like other travel writers, those on northern Australia in the interwar years did not confine their narratives to what they did and what they saw. They commented on the burning questions of the day: on what the future of the north might hold and whether Australia's northern lands could sustain a prolific white population. This article explores a range of representations of northern Australia in the travel literature published between the two world wars, with particular attentiveness to the varied assessments of Australia's tropical environments and the racial misgivings that disconcerted attempts to envisage an all-white north.

As an ex-army surgeon and a military historian, we have previously felt uneasy about healthcare workers being described as “frontline staff.”1 The front line suggests to us a tangible risk of harm or death at work. No longer. NHS staff are dying of covid-19 acquired from patients. Many UK health workers have said that they lack protection. Some have died: whether inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE) was linked, we do not yet know. But overseas data indicate that good PPE might reduce …

Purpose Biliary atresia can easily be screened using a stool colour card (SCC) and has shown to significantly reduce time to diagnosis, improving children’s outcome. Despite the general approval of the clinical usefulness of the SCC, physicians remain reluctant: it might unnecessarily worry parents. This study aimed to analyse the parental reaction to this screening method and if it evokes parental stress. Methods A semistructured questionnaire was sent to parents with one or more healthy child to inquire about reactions on receipt and use of the SCC. Results 109/256 questionnaires were returned and evaluated (43%). 107/107 parents considered the SCC as helpful, a simple screening method and easy to use (100%). 26/43 were reassured when receiving the SCC (60%), 2 were worried (5%) and 9 had no particular feelings (21%). In 41/49, emotions experienced during its use were positive or neutral (84%), and 3 were worried (6%). In 41/50, the discussion with the paediatrician about stool colour-linked pathologies was neutral (82%), and 9 felt uneasy (18%). Conclusion A vast majority of parents appreciate the SCC. It creates uneasiness in a minority of parents. Our results are encouraging and argue in favour of implementing the regular distribution of the SCC in antenatal, postnatal and newborn infant clinics.

INTRODUCTION Patients are interested in receiving text messages (texts) related to their health care. However, anecdotes are emerging of associated problems and it is possible that many of the potential pitfalls are not recognised. AIM To assess clinicians’ attitudes and behaviours towards text messaging (texting) with patients. METHODS A voluntary, anonymous, online survey was created and distributed to general practitioners and physiotherapists in New Zealand and to Sports Medicine Fellows and Sports Medicine Registrars in New Zealand and Australia. RESULTS In total, 322 clinicians completed the survey. Texting behaviours relating to accuracy, privacy and security were identified. A range of sensitive and important medical information was frequently conveyed and at times forwarded to third parties. The clinicians generally felt uneasy communicating this way and some felt pressured into it. Most thought that guidelines are insufficient and that they had not received sufficient education on the issues. Most were interested in further education. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated frequent texting between clinicians and patients. It has highlighted potential risks to the privacy, accuracy and security of medical information. Current guidelines and education may be insufficient. Clinicians were interested in receiving readily available best practice guidelines and education regarding texting.

Filtering face-piece respirators (FFRs) are one method of protecting health care workers from airborne particles; however, research suggests adherence is poor, perhaps due to worker discomfort. Three separate focus groups were conducted at two Veterans Affairs health care facilities. Seventeen health care workers who reported using FFRs as part of their job duties were in the focus groups. Focus group transcripts were coded using qualitative descriptive coding techniques. Participants described experiences of discomfort and physical mask features they believed contributed to discomfort. Participants believed FFRs influenced patient care because some patients felt uneasy and changed health care workers' behaviors (e.g., doffing procedures, loss of concentration, rushed patient care, and avoidance of patients in isolation resulting from FFR discomfort). Assessment of comfort and tolerability should occur during fit-testing. These factors should also be taken into account by management when training employees on the proper use of FFRs, as well as in future research to improve comfort and tolerability.

We report a 74-year-old female patient with Parkinson disease (PD). Around 2010, she developed depression and bradykinesia and was diagnosed as PD. In July 2014, she came to our hospital, of which she lived in the neighborhood. In the last part of December 2014, she felt uneasy about her fecal smell and saw a psychiatrist in the first part of January 2015. Quetiapine (25 mg/day) was added. In the last part of January, she complained of fecal smell everywhere and could not take a meal. No-one else could detect the smell. A diagnosis of olfactory hallucination was made. The next day after increasing to 75mg/day, however, she was admitted to our hospital because of refusing to take medicine. After introducing donepezil, olfactory hallucination subsided and her appetite was improved. Brain MRI showed atrophy of the bilateral temporal lobes and N-isopropyl-p-(iodine-123)-iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography ((123)I-IMP-SPECT) revealed hypoperfusion in the bilateral mesial temporal lobes. We suppose that cholinergic denervation in the mesial temporal lobes is an important determinant of her olfactory hallucination.

The Zimbabwean film Flame (1996) encountered its public life in a controversial way. Its producer Ingrid Sinclair aimed to produce a film that would reveal the seamy side of Zimbabwe's liberation war, the rape of women being the central motive to the narrative plot of the film that sought to symbolically ‘overthrow’ the regimes of heroic images that the armed struggle had monopolised itself. Some ex-combatants, mainly from the ZANLA wing, staged a demonstration against what they perceived as the film's spectacular representation of excessive violence committed on female guerillas by male guerillas. The Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front (ZANU PF) government felt uneasy with sections of the film that underplayed the representation of heroic aspects of the struggle. Each of the contestatory narratives focused on the content of the film defined in racial and gendered power relations. One aspect that is underplayed is the critical retrieval of the contest between primary and secondary ge...

What country, friends, is this?" asks the shipwrecked Viola, arriving on dry land at the beginning of the second scene of Twelfth Night; the captain who accompanies her replies, "This is Illyria, lady" (1.2.1). (1) While probably uncertain about which part of the map the ancient kingdom of Illyria occupied, given the largely Italianate names of the play's principal characters, most people would probably incline to Italy, or somewhere in its vicinity. In point of fact, Illyria was an area of land off the Eastern Adriatic Coast, situated in roughly the same area as latter-day Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. (2) However, John Maddens multi-Oscar winning film, Shakespeare in Love (1998) suggests a very different location. In this historical fantasy the struggling playwright, Will Shakespeare (played by Joseph Fiennes), overcomes writer's block by means of an affair with a beautiful and rich young woman, the theatre-loving, Viola de Lesseps (Gwyneth Paltrow). While Viola provides the amatory impetus that enables Will to write Romeo and Juliet, she cannot escape marriage to the odious Lord Wessex. In the final scene, following the first performance of Romeo and Juliet, which the Queen herself, no less, has judged to be the first play to show "the very truth and nature of love," Will and Viola say their farewells before her enforced departure for the tobacco plantations of Virginia, where Wessex intends to make his fortune. As she leaves, Will takes up his pen and begins to write Twelfth Night as his tribute to her; meanwhile, Viola is shown escaping a shipwreck and landing alone upon a vast deserted sea-shore. Will's pen moves across the page and "VIOLA: What coun ..." appears on the paper as Viola in long shot walks towards the tree-lined mainland. The suggestion that Viola has landed on the East Coast of America is more explicit in conceptions of the scene that did not make the final cut. I quote Madden's commentary: In this particular shot, she originally met two people on the beach, just as Viola does in the play--that's Viola, the character in Twelfth Night, but it seemed to take us somewhere we didn't want to go. And it ... er ... the power of a single figure on a completely blank canvass walking away into posterity was more attractive. There was always a potentially rather wonderful idea, which we got some way towards exploring--which was an idea of Tom Stoppard's--that during the sequence which I had wanted to, you know, find a beach sufficiently long to carry all the credits--and that during the course of this shot, very, very, very, gradually, and imperceptibly, the ghostly outline of modern Manhattan would become visible beyond the tree-line--there for those to see who wanted to see it, and not for those who didn't, but somehow production schedules overtook us, and we never really had the chance to try that out. But the notion that she was walking away into history is still what I hoped the shot would mean and feel? The original idea of Viola being met upon the beach by two people was filmed and is included among the deleted scenes incorporated into the DVD recording. It is in long shot, and as far as one can make out, one of the two seems to be ethnically Indian, while the other is of African appearance. Viola's enquiry is answered politely, "This is America" and the camera focuses in upon her reply, "America ... oh good"; she smiles broadly and is then, as in the final cut, filmed from the back striding towards the tree-lined horizon. Clearly, the "history" that Madden has in mind is the progression from the landing of the founding fathers upon a seemingly fertile tabula rasa, through to the end of the twentieth century, with an economically powerful and culturally sophisticated nation represented by the city of New York. The encounter on the beach suggests an open and harmonious, multi-racial land of opportunity, and one can well imagine why, given its glib erasure of the complex, often bloody, history of American racial conflict and assimilation, the producers felt uneasy about it. …

Archaeologists have often felt uneasy when encountering alternative (fringe, cult, fantastic, pseudo-) archaeologies. Some have suggested that alternative approaches and their results must be disproved, while others have been calling for better public understanding of science. My contribution takes a different point of view. I emphasize the social and cultural needs that both scientific and alternative archaeologies address and suggest that the main significance of archaeology does not lie in the specific insights gained about the past but in the very process of engaging with the material remains of the past in the present. Critical understanding and dialogue, not dismissive polemics, is the appropriate way to engage with the multiple pasts and alternative archaeologies in contemporary society.

Summary 126 patients underwent a chevron osteotomy in our clinic between 1997 and 2003, of these 58 could be clinically evaluated in the follow up study. The average age was 54.2 years. 105 were female, 21 male. The average angle of the hallux valgus deformity was 30.7° (15–45°) and the intermetatarsal angle was 8–16°. The average Kitaoka score after surgery was 84.67 with an average angle of correction of 10.6°. 102 patient questionnaires were able to be evaluated and showed that 82% of the patients felt relaxed before the operation, whereas 18% felt uneasy. Circulatory problems ie. dizziness, nausea, pain awareness and swelling after the operation were gauged on a scale 0 to 10. The average value for circulatory problems was 1.64 and for nausea 1.41. Pain awareness in the first 3 days after surgery rated at 4.32 and then after at 2.7. The scoring for swelling after the 5th day was 4.34. 97% of the patients felt that the medical follow up at home was satisfactory. Secondary wound healing occurred in 5.8% of the patients however no cases were caused by infection. A haematoma resulted in 15. 7% but intervention was not necessary. There was one case of deep vein thrombosis of the lower leg without pulmonary embolism and in one case x rays showed bone necrosis which healed with therapy. The surgical correction of a hallux valgus deformity can be performed successfully on a day surgery basis when the necessary social, medical and structural requirements are provided. The results of day surgery are comparable with those found in the literature. There is a high acceptance of day surgery however it requires that the patients are comprehensively informed of the necessary treatment after surgery. A prerequisite is specialist standard for the orthopaedic surgery and anaesthesia. In the case of hallux valgus correction, post surgical pain relief is of critical importance and must be further evaluated and modified accordingly.

As Chris Trader pulled into his parking spot he felt uneasy. Chris was a trader for a retail energy supplier to commercial and industrial customers. Recently, a very large position he held in his portfolio started to lose money. When the markets closed the day before, the position was very close to its Value at Risk (VaR) limit (see Value at Risk). Chris knew that if the markets continued down today, he would be forced to sell the position, and thus lock in a very large loss for his company. Looking back over the last few weeks, Chris knew there were red flags that should have warned him that the position was in trouble, but he missed those and now it was too late.

Measurements of particles 10 ) and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAH) were performed in different passenger train coaches between Zurich and Berne, the most busy intercity connection in Switzerland. All trains are electrified and the indoor air quality is regulated by a mechanical ventilation system. In the smoker sections, pPAH levels were on average about 250 ng m −3 , PM 10 levels about 950 μg m −3 . In the non-smoker section, pPAH levels were about 45 ng m −3 and PM 10 levels about 210 μg m −3 . Our observations suggest that smoking is the most important source of pPAH and PM 10 . The spatial variation within the coaches indicates that pPAHs spread out from the smoker compartments into the non-smoker compartments. For PM 10 , resuspended material may also be a source of airborne PM 10 but the contribution within this non-stop connection with most of the passengers being seated all the time was probably small. The influence of outdoor PM 10 and pPAH on indoor levels was negligible. Both pollutants, pPAH and PM 10 were largely elevated in the smoker as well as in the non-smoker compartments. Despite this fact, a questionnaire on the quality of travelling showed that most of the passengers felt well and only a small proportion felt uneasy.

This study investigated consumer behavior on meats, specifically consumer attitudes regarding future meat consumption in the U.S. The study was based on mail surveys undertaken in October and November of 1994. The sample for the survey was drawn randomly from the population of residents listed in telephone directories in Seattle and Kansas City. The data was obtained from 1, 217 households and was mainly analyzed using multivariate analysis. A five point scale (1=decrease considerably, 5=increase considerably, 3=no change) was used to rate consumers on their plans for the future consumption of different meats. The average consumer attitude index was 3.25 for turkey, 3.18 for chicken, 2.87 for pork, 2.84 for lamb, and 2.77 for beef. These measures were lower than those for vegetables (3.63) and fruits (3.62). Among meat and fish, respondents preferred chicken most, followed by beef, fish, and pork. Preference for chicken was strong in younger households, while preference for fish and lamb was strong among elder households. Households felt that lamb and fish prices were relatively expensive, while chicken was thought to be cheap. However, there were no significant relationships between consciousness for price and actual consumption volume or the consumer attitude index for meats. The extent of uneasiness for eating meat was relatively weak. And the meat consumption volume of respondents who felt uneasy about meat was rather low. There were some differences on the explanation on factors relevant to attitudes about future consumption between beef/pork and chicken.

Throughout the country, Aspirations created layer upon layer of controversy. People sympathized with Liu Huifang, worried about her, admired her, and were concerned for her when in the final scenes she lay on her sick bed. It was in this atmosphere of concern for Liu Huifang that my thoughts turned to the Women's Federation. When I recalled the many years of publicity of women's liberation by hundreds of thousands of Women's Federation cadres, all of whose effort was going down the drain because of a "Liu Huifang," I felt uneasy.

Fear of being treated differently turned out to be unfounded Surviving acute myeloid leukemia and a bone marrow transplant at age 19 isn’t something most people do. In fact, it’s something that only 50% of people with my diagnosis and age do.1 After almost four years of living through this, my hair is much thinner and I weigh 60 pounds [27 kg] less. I’m more sensitive to sounds, tastes, and temperatures. But inside I’m still Jake. My character and sense of humor are the same. And my dreams of making a contribution and becoming a physician remain. After diagnosis I felt uneasy, different from my peers. I lived with an undefined fear. But what was I so afraid of? I spoke effortlessly about my experiences to lecture halls filled with medical students. I talked to groups of strangers to raise awareness and …

Objective. To determine the attitudes of incoming pharmacy students toward a mandatory, random urine drug-screening program. Methods. This was an anonymous, voluntary survey of students at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy (MSOP) using an instrument composed of 40 items. The instrument was administered during orientation week prior to the session during which the policies and procedures of MSOP’s drug-screening program were to be discussed. Results. The survey instrument was completed by all 129 (100%) students in the class. Two-thirds of the students were aware of MSOP’s drug-screening program prior to applying, but only a few felt uneasy about applying to the school because of the program. The greatest concerns expressed by the students included what would happen if a student unintentionally missed a drug screen or was busy with other matters when called for screening, how much time a drug-screening would take, and the possibility of false-positive drug screen results. The vast majority of students agreed with statements regarding the potential benefits of drug testing. Students who consumed alcohol in a typical week and those with current or past use of an illegal substance held less favorable attitudes toward MSOP’s mandatory drug-screening program compared with students who did not share those characteristics. Conclusion. Although there were definite concerns expressed regarding pragmatic issues surrounding drug screening, the first-year pharmacy students held generally favorable opinions about the school’s mandatory drug-screening program.

I have consistently argued that the pragmatic tradition is enriched by the contribution of a plurality of voices. So I want to thank the contributors to this symposium for engaging with my work. I would like to begin my response with two general remarks. Although I have always identified myself with the pragmatic tradition, I have felt uneasy with the label “pragmatism.” And the reason is straightforward. As soon as we speak of any “ism” we are tempted explicitly (or implicitly) to specify th...

In addition to statistics, David took care in developing my attitude as a scientist - and he wrote a poem of his own in my draft thesis about whales and statistics. He also cared for us personally. We were invited to use Lorie's and David's house when they went to New Zealand in the summer of 1973. Our newborn child spent her first time out of Alta Bates hospital in their house. David also gave me support in a more touchy matter. I was on a US Navy grant, and felt uneasy when I realized that I had to acknowledge the grant in a publication. Strike it in the last galley, was David's advice - which I in the end did not follow. And there was fun, also outside the soccer field. David suggested the movie "The harder they come". My son, an aspiring reggae musician, was happy to find the Jimmy Cliff LP in my old stock. In the last couple of years we have been lucky to have David as an advisor in our Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis in Oslo, and to have David repeatedly visiting.

A questionnaire survey was conducted on radiation risk and medical exposure, particularly in applications involving children. The survey was targeted at nurses (170 females) engaged in important roles in communicating risk regarding medical exposure. The questionnaire survey yielded the following findings. 1) A significant number of respondents associated the word "radiation" with "cancer treatment," "exposure," and "X-ray pictures." Perceptions about "food exposure" differed between respondents with children and those without. 2) Among the potential health problems posed by radiation, "effects on children," "cancer and leukemia," and "genetic effects" were perceived as the most worrisome. Significant differences in perception were noted regarding infertility between respondents with children and those without. 3) Concerning the effects of medical exposure on fetuses/children, only 10 percent of all respondents replied that they were not anxious about negative effects in either case. Among the respondents who felt uneasy about these aspects, most tended to assess exposed parts, doses, damage potentially suffered, timing of occurrence, and uncertainty, based on their professional experience and knowledge, to rationally distinguish acceptable risks from unacceptable ones and to limit concern to the unacceptable aspects.

O trabalho foca alguns aspectos relativos à usabilidade e acessibilidade de caixas bancários de auto-atendimento (CAA), aspectos esses que ficam evidenciados como sendo problemas quando os usuários são pessoas idosas e, como tais, podem ter implicações sobre a saúde e os estados de saúde dos mesmos. A pesquisa foi conduzida tendo como objeto de análise os CAA instalados em agências de dois bancos estatais, tendo sido a interação dos usuários avaliada utilizando-se metodologia de análise quantitativa, através de uma amostra constituída por 70 clientes idosos. A pesquisa de campo demonstrou que, nas situações de interação com os CAA, prevalecem os estados de intranqüilidade entre os usuários idosos, e que esses usuários estão expostos a uma grande carga psíquica. O estudo discrimina tanto algumas das características negativas que foram observadas nesses ambientes, bem como adverte porque essas características são desfavoráveis para as pessoas idosas. Além disso, assinala para a necessidade de aperfeiçoamentos nesses serviços, bem como para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que avaliem o impacto dessa carga psíquica sobre a saúde das pessoas idosas.

The Sraffa Archives at the Wren Library, Trinity College, Cambridge have been open for consultation for more than a decade. During these years there have been many conferences, and several volumes have been published which take the new material into account. In a 1998 conference1, I remarked that there has been almost no discussion concerning the new perspectives that the unpublished papers of the Italian economist could suggest about his relation with Marx, in contrast to the attention that has been given to Keynes or Hayek, Marshall or Ricardo. This is quite amazing since precisely this continuity or discontinuity between Sraffa and Marx had been one of the hottest topics in the 1970s and early 1980s. Having been a regular reader of the Sraffa papers throughout these years, I increasingly felt uneasy about this situation and found this silence too noisy.

Objective. To identify factors associated with utilization of breast clinical examination (BCE) and their relationship with institutional medical practice. Material and Methods. This is a qualitative study conducted between 1996 and 1997 in medical units of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security) and Secretaria de Salud (Ministry of Health). Eight focus groups were included: four groups of female users and four groups of health professionals; in total, 47 users and 29 physicians and nurses participated. Interpretations of information were based on the organizational ability to respond to the user’s expectations, “ability/knowledge” within the organization and the institutional medical practice, at the light of the Grounded Theory. Results. Service demand was conditioned on the perception of poor quality of care, lack of trust in physicians, and organizational aspects. When providing care, male physicians were not interested and felt uneasy about performing the BCE. Female physicians seemed more interested and were well accepted by users. Conclusions. Psychological, cultural, social, and institutional barriers exist in the access and utilization of BCE. Identifying these barriers and their origins could support the development of actions to improve the physician-patient relationship. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html

We have performed 166 operations (including operations that performed in other hospitals) in 90 rheumatoid patients during a 10 year period. 46 patients (51%) required multiple (more than two lesions) surgery. The most common site of lesion were knee, hip and cervical spine. Although most patients felt uneasy about surgery, they did have high expectations of the outcome. In our hospital, RA patients tended to have cervical spinal surgery more often than noted in other reports. Some cases need cervical spinal surgery as a prophylactic measure nevertheless neurological conditions were good. Controlling the patients' general condition is an important key for multiple operations in RA patients.

In this study, the significance of extracurricular activities in the life of junior high school students was examined. Seventh and eighth graders participated in a two-stage questionnaire survey, administered in May and October. Based on developmental stage-environment fit theory (Eccles, Wigfield, & Schiefele, 1998), how well extracurricular activity settings fit needs of the students was analyzed. In support of the theory's hypothesis, results indicated that whether an extracurricular activity satisfied the student's developmental needs affected his/her sense of fulfillment and satisfaction in school life. In addition, the effect of seventh graders' commitment to extracurricular activities on their satisfaction of school life was stronger in October than in May. The findings suggested that for students who felt uneasy in class for whatever reasons, extracurricular activities provided an opportunity for relief.

Having been discharged, I came back home. I felt as if I was in a big vacuum. I had problems sleeping. During military service, half an hour of sleep on the rocks was even sweeter than a 24-hour sleep in a bed. I longed for such a sleep, such a life. I felt uneasy in a normal bed, therefore I started sleeping on the floor. It went on like this for one-and-a-half years. Back in my hometown, when I stepped out of the bus, I took everyone around to be a terrorist. The civilians I met in the Southeast were either terrorists or their supporters. Of course, there are plenty of good people among them. But you never see them, you never go downtown. You are up on the mountains. Once every two to three months you come down, go out and your leave is over by the time you finish your soup in the restaurant. Once again you return to the mountains. Every day, you are engaged in a clash. A terrible, miserable life. Daily, hourly you are faced with death. And once you survive this and come here to join living, normal people, you still see them all as PKK terrorists. They are not, but they seem to be. I feel stupid. I permanently look around as if someone might shoot at me. When I see a mountain, I think to myself, “There is a terrorist there, targeting at us.” I go out into the country, there I doubt if a terrorist is hidden behind this or that rock. Sometimes I throw myself on the ground, taking position.

A funny thing happened to me at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association in San Francisco in 1990 (some pretty strange things had happened when I was last in San Francisco, in 1968, but I won’t go into those here). The bus in from the airport was set high enough to see behind the billboards, into what looked like vast sales lots for mobile homes, but which I soon realised were permanent housing for the San Francisco poor, tucked away out of sight behind the commercial facades, exactly as Engels had recorded the journey into Manchester in 1844. I felt uneasy, too, stepping over the beggars on the sidewalk to enter the Hilton Hotel, but you have to hand it to US academics: they sure know how to organize a conference that feels like a serious business convention. There were actually men and women there in suits, especially those silver-sheeny ones in a mottled semi-reflective material that looks as if they descend from a job-lot of curtain lengths delivered by UFO somewhere over Colorado circa 1955. (Baudrillard might well call them crystalline.) By dressing below this level, it was possible to regard oneself as a marginally dangerous intellectual presence, or at any rate a marginal one. (In the UK, by contrast, it is physically impossible to dress so low as to be the worst-dressed person present at the Annual Conference of the British Sociological Association.)

It is good to hear that the IOP is devoting time and energy into developing the route for corporate membership. However, I felt uneasy as I read the description of the new professional development scheme in the January issue (p49).

Educators often find themselves in opposing camps on the value of multiple-choice examinations com pared to essays because, as some "es sayists" would have it, "You can't sum marize a student's work with a single number." Our purpose is not to enter this debate directly but to illustrate that the instructor who is willing to take the time can currently derive more informa tion about students from a multiple choice test than was possible in the past. For years many college teachers, either by hand or with computer pro grams, have examined their students' multiple-choice tests to discover which items their classes have found easy and which difficult. They often do this to help in evaluating the examination or their own teaching. Often, also, instruc tors might discuss the exams with indi vidual students in order to help these students diagnose their test-taking be haviors. In both these situations the in structor is getting more information about the students than can be gotten from the total score. Anyone who has done this type of prying into the make-up of multiple choice exams must have felt uneasy, at

The purpose of this study was to examine the conditions which were likely to facilitate error detection. It was hypothesized that poor readers' comprehension monitoring abilities would improve if they were given assistance in selecting the appropriate schema for understanding a passage. In order to test the hypothesis, we used a standard paradigm: the error detection task. No evidence was found to support the notion that schema activation would significantly improve poor readers' error detection abilities. However, results did indicate that, while good readers were significantly better at this task than were poor readers, a surprising number of children failed to report some very blatant errors. Although these results are in agreement with earlier studies using the same task, we felt uneasy in drawing the conclusion that sixth graders are lacking in metacognitive abilities. Instead, we have expanded the discussion to include our thoughts on the limitations and difficulties in the use of the error detection paradigm itself. Five major concerns were identified and suggestions for improving future comprehension monitoring studies were made. Some alternative methodologies were also considered.

Genuine physicists—that is to say, physicists who make observations and experiments as well as theories —have always felt uneasy about 'relativity'. As Bridgman said, "if anything physical comes out of mathematics it must have been put in in another form". The problem was, he said, to find out where the physics got into the theory (Bridgman 1927).

There may be varying views about the integration of the black members of our community, but there would seem to be no room for disagreement on objectives when considering non‐white workers in industry. Presumably even Enoch Powell would agree that we ought to try and make them as efficient, productive and fulfilled as we can. It would seem to be self‐evident that the first requirement to achieve this desirable situation is that they should understand what they hear and that they should have a minimum command of English to articulate their thoughts. Surprisingly, there are thousands of immigrant workers who do not have this basic tool. Even more surprising is the general lack of concern in industry about the position. We found this to be so when we became involved. It all started when one or two of our Training Advisers, in the course of their contact with companies, found that some managements, employing a high proportion of Asian workers recognised the problem and asked if we, the Training Board, could help. They felt uneasy at a situation in which they could not really communicate with a large section of their work force; where all their instructions and the consequent responses were funnelled through one or two interpreters. They felt they were not operating efficiently and so they wondered, in a vague sort of way, what might be done.

This is a note regarding the excellent article “Misapplications Reviews: Pulling the Goalie Revisited” by Morrison and Wheat [Morrison, D. G., R. D. Wheat. 1986. Misapplications reviews: Pulling the Goalie revisited. Interfaces 16(6) 28–34.]. Being a hockey fan, I thoroughly enjoyed the article. I think it is an interesting example of modeling and optimization, well suited for teaching in a NHL city. However, I teach in Edmonton, the recently acclaimed hockey capital of North America, and my students felt uneasy about the first assumption made by the authors, “when both teams have their goalies on the ice, the two teams are of equal ability and each scores goals at a constant rate of L per minute.”

The trouble with the Anniversaries was clear from the start, as we know from Ben Jonson’s trenchant and famous observation on An Anatomy of the World (The First Anniversarie) that the poetry was ‘profane and full of Blasphemies’, and ‘if it had been written of ye Virgin Marie it had been something’.1 Donne himself, in a letter, complains of ‘many censures’2 upon his book, and it seems likely that contemporary readers felt uneasy at the embarrassing extravagance of the poet’s praise for a dead fifteen-year-old girl whom he had never seen. It is hard not to share something of this reaction; it is just as hard, however, not to feel the massive distinction and disturbing power of the poetry.

During the first six months of 1900, the United States combined initial attempts at self-government in Cuba with steps to ensure its own strategic interests. The story of the Military Government of Cuba from 1900 to 1902 was largely one of the reconciliation of these two principles. On the one hand, Americans, believing in representative government, considered themselves committed to leave Cuba to the Cubans because of the Joint Resolution of 1898. Many Americans felt uneasy at ordering the lives of other people. On the other hand, most Americans would not ignore the inability of Cubans and Filipinos to manage their own affairs. Furthermore, other interests were involved. In an age when navies depended on coaling stations and plans for an isthmian canal titillated imaginations, Cuba and the Philippines assumed a strategic interest. Cuba, only ninety miles from Florida, could never be allowed to constitute a threat, or harbor the threat of another power, to the security of the United States.

By the end of 1916, neither the Allies nor the Central Powers had won a decisive victory. As in 1915, the opposing forces had achieved a certain balance without the slightest hope of improvement. But in two countries, there were ominous signs of collapse—Austria–Hungary longed for peace, and revolution was gnawing at Russia. The Dioscuri strove to affect a breakthrough, but without returning to an offensive on land that was undoubtedly doomed to failure. They based their plans on submarine warfare and reorganization of the rear. The French General Staff made preparations for a new offensive, but felt uneasy about the spread of revolution in Russia. In 1917, their great eastern ally retired from the war; at the same time, movements that were more or less revolutionary developed in the western countries. The entry of America into the war, announced by President Wilson on April 2, 1917, compensated for the defection of Russia. Historians have argued at great length to discover the real causes of this intervention.

To the Editor. —In Dr Muirhead's 1 letter in theArchives, he objects to the word compliance when used to describe the extent to which a patient carries out a physician's treatment orders. He cites as evidence for this criticism the definition from Random House Dictionary of the English Language , "a tendency to yield readily to others, especially in a weak and subservient way." Dr Muirhead then recommends the expression "patient cooperation" rather than compliance. One of us (L.A.), as an author who has used the term patient compliance , 2 initially felt uneasy about Dr Muirhead's objection. No doubt other writers on this subject likewise were disturbed. However, permit us to put fellow authors at ease. According to the oldest (1961) standard reference dictionary in the American language, Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, compliance is also defined as "conformity in fulfilling formal or official requirements."

ROFESSOR John W. Draper's recent interpretive book, The Twelfth" Night of Shakespeare's Audience, set me to reconsidering Twelfth Night; for, though I found Draper's intention laudable-to restore the play to its original luster, as if it were an old painting; that is, to see it through the eyes of its Elizabethan audience-I felt uneasy, nevertheless, over some of his conclusions, and I could not give my entire confidence to some of his assumptions and methods. Professor Draper rightly stresses the realistic elements of the comedy: the persuasively realistic setting of the Countess Olivia's household, and the recognizable Elizabethan characters who live there: Sir Toby, probably a younger son; Sir Andrew, probably a nouveau riche; Malvolio the steward, probably of yeoman stock, and so on. It is good to know more of the social backgrounds of the classes of Elizabethan people whom these characters represent. And yet I do not feel satisfied that Draper has rightly judged the high-comedy characters, that he has seen the plot in just perspective, or that he has correctly identified the theme of the comedy when he calls it "Shakespeare's play of social security".1 Draper regards Olivia as the most important character in the play, an efficient, self-willed, independent, clear-sighted, and calculating woman realistically portrayed; whereas Viola is merely a bundle of stage conventions, an unrealistic fairy princess, whose role has been greatly over-emphasized. Both Orsino and Olivia, he thinks, are realistically drawn, the former in the real and sympathetically presented pangs of love-melancholy, the latter in the midst of her cleverly utilized mourning which provides her a shield against unwelcome wooers. If we look at them through Elizabethan eyes, we should take them seriously: they are not sentimental; Orsino is seeking a mate so that there will be an heir to carry on his name; Olivia is arranging matters so that she can preserve her independence by marrying-in her own good time-a man whom she can dominate. This is the way in which many Elizabethans proceeded, and it would be sensible to suppose that Orsino and Olivia are also proceeding thus. And yet-though this may be a matter of subtle emphases-I doubt that even the Elizabethan audience could look on the noble duke and countess with entire sympathy for their pangs of love and for their basic practicality. I have always felt that Orsino is somewhat ostentatious about his love-pangs, somewhat sentimental in his indulgence in sighs, music, flowers, and bombast

* Thomas Preval built one house during his lifetime. It was sound and pleasing and excellently crafted, and Thomas felt that that was all a house had to be. But, as if fate, or chance, or whatever you call it had singled Thomas out for a test of his faith, the house became a ruin long before it had fulfilled its life and expectations. In the course of normal events a house built on a firm foundation, constructed with devotion, and finished with love could be expected to outlast its builder, stand after him as a monument to his integrity. Thomas felt this so strongly that he disregarded tradition and the gloomy predictions of his friends and put his house in a high place that pleased him mightily, even though everyone warned him against it. He was not an artisan when he began. All he started with was a strong desire to be near Forton, but not part of it, and to stay there for the remainder of his life. He knew the people of Forton and liked them, but he was aware of the differences between himself and the others, too. For they were valley people in fact and in outlook and they felt uneasy up in the unproductive, rocky heights where farming was impossible and any other way of life difficult at best. Thomas, on the other hand, was willing to accept these disadvantages because he felt his greatest freedom and zest up in the hills. He had grown up in Forton, an unassuming village consisting of a score of placid homes arranged in a small, fertile valley that was girdled by four, massive, round-shouldered hills which were themselves the first ring of a vast surrounding area of even greater hills.

THESE were the utterances of a patient as he broke out in sweat and clenched his fists. Simultaneously the therapist felt uneasy. Ninety per cent of all witnesses listening to the recording of this interview similarly felt uneasy. The events underlying this and other related accounts were made the subject of a study bearing on the observation that anxiety is infectious, transmission proceeds at a rapid speed and a person's sensitivity to the anxiousness of other people is great. Experiments and observations were utilized in an attempt to reach a better understanding of the problems of communication, with special reference to the anxiety existing within the therapeutic situation. SUMMARY OF THE CONCEPT OF ANXIETY Reaction to danger is described in terms of anger, fear or anxiety. 1 The reaction to a danger cue, which Freud 1b described as "real anxiety," is a warning mechanism which informs the person of an

This slim but sinewy volume is a reflection of recurrent themes that have become increasingly elaborated into a developmental ego psychology by Edward Glover. The overall impression created by this book is difficult to describe. Generally, this reviewer felt uneasy, sometimes enthusiastic and exhilarated, often confused but always interested. Dr. Glover focusses upon so many vital issues and raises such crucial and enlightening questions that one feels himself caught in the center of an intellectual maelstrom. Still, as with so many rich experiences, there is an unsettling aftermath. In this instance there is the definite reaction of having learned but also a lingering dissatisfaction for one is not quite certain how much has been resolved and really understood. I wonder if Dr. Glover might have had some similar feelings which, with his distinctive style, are communicated to the reader. Dr. Glover, indeed, has