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The rural revitalization strategy proposes to promote rural development based on a spatial governance and classification system. The development directions and foci of different types of villages show the characteristics of differentiation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out accurate and precise studies on rural development to clarify the objectives and directions of rural revitalization by identifying the vitality and activation pathways of rural development. With a focus on 221 villages in Conghua District, the outer suburb of Guangzhou, this study quantified rural development vitality and rural multi-dimensional activation values based on the vitality index of rural development and the evaluation index of rural activation, respectively, derived from multi-source geospatial data and socio-economic statistics, classified activation types according to the methods of hierarchical assignment and combination matrix, and proposed the corresponding activation pathways. The results were three-fold. First, the vitality index of rural development verified by the multiple linear regression model accurately reflected the current course of rural development in the Conghua District in 2020. The proportion of rural areas at or below the middle vitality level of development was 62.89%, indicating that the rural development in Conghua District was lagging. It presents the spatial distribution characteristics of "cross". The villages at or above the high vitality level of development are close to the center of the town (street) where they are located, while low-level villages are mostly distributed in the west and north of Conghua District. Second, there existed a significant differentiation pattern of multi-dimensional activation value in the rural areas. The resource activation values remained at the lower level, while the production and life activation values remained at the middle level, and the ecological activation values remained at the excellent level. The comprehensive activation value was mainly at or above the middle level, with the villages accounting for 55.65%. In other words, Conghua District exhibited a large activation potential with a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the southwest and low in the northeast". Finally, the rural activation type mainly comprised the priority activation type (42.99%), close to the center of each town (street) in space and distributed in the south and west of Conghua District, followed by the ecological leading type (28.96%) and strengthened and upgraded villages (28.05%). The strategy of the priority activation type was to strengthen the integration of rural industries as well as the implementation of planning and design. The ecological leading type was mainly distributed in the north of Conghua District, with the activation direction to develop ecological rural tourism in harmony with environmental protection. Strengthened and upgraded villages were scattered in all towns (streets), with the activation focus on the rural property-leasing economy and the improvement of the transfer of agricultural land and living security. The results of this study can provide effective support strategies and scientific guidance for local governments to promote rural revitalization.

A novel waterborne strippable temporary protective coating has been prepared to address the problems of equipment installation collision damage and corrosion during the construction process of nuclear power facilities. The application feasibility of the strippable temporary protective coating in the temporary protection of nuclear power facilities has been studied via salt spray tests, artificial aging tests, damp heat tests and flexibility tests. The results show that the self-prepared strippable temporary protective coating has good salt spray resistance and weather resistance. After 500 hours of salt spray test and 600 hours of artificial aging test, the mechanical properties of the coating have not changed significantly. The toxic and harmful elements are below the limit, which will not induce stress corrosion of the protected equipment. It has good flexibility, elongation, tensile strength, impact resistance and peel strength, which can form a good protective effect on the surface of equipment and is easy to peel off. It is feasible to apply it in the temporary protection of equipment during the construction process of nuclear power facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Anti‐PD‐1 antibody has shown certain effects in patients with newly diagnosed extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL). Here, we evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of first‐line anti‐PD‐1 antibody for the treatment of patients with ENKTL and explored biomarkers for treatment response. The clinical data of 107 patients with newly diagnosed ENKTL were retrospectively analysed. Patients received either first‐line anti‐PD‐1 antibody induction treatment or anti‐PD‐1 antibody combined with asparaginase‐based chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy). We found that immunochemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for longer PFS (p < 0.001). The overall response rate and complete remission rate of immunochemotherapy group was higher than immunotherapy induction group (86.11% vs. 62.86% and 72.22% vs. 52.29%, respectively, p = 0.013). We also observed pretreatment CD4/CD8 ratio >0.83 was significant associated with better response and longer PFS in ENKTL patients received first‐line anti‐PD1‐antibody. Plasma copy number of EBV decreased more significantly in patients with CD4/CD8 ratio >0.83 after treatment. PD‐L1 expression was associated with better response and PFS, while elevated plasma IL‐6, IL‐10 and IFN‐γ were associated with poor prognosis. Anti‐PD‐1 antibody treatment showed promising results in newly diagnosed ENKTL patients. The assessment of pretreatment CD4/CD8 ratio in ENKTL seems feasible for identifying responders to anti‐PD‐1 antibody treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: MYC rearrangements are the main cytogenetic alterations in plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). We aimed to investigate the relationship between MYC rearrangement and the clinicopathological features of PBL. Methods and results: MYC rearrangements assessed in 13 unpublished single‐centre PBL cases, and an additional 85 cases from the literature, with reported MYC rearrangement information individualised by patient, were reviewed. In Asia, PBL was much less commonly diagnosed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive patients (27% versus 84%, P = 0.000), with older age (median age at diagnosis: 52 years versus 44 years, P = 0.046) and a lower EBV infection rate (56.8% versus 81.8%, P = 0.049), than in non‐Asian regions. Overall, MYC rearrangements were identified in 44 of 98 (44.9%) PBL cases, and IGH was the partner in almost all available cases (30/31, 96.8%), as confirmed with a MYC–IGH fusion probe. The MYC rearrangement rate in HIV‐positive cases (33/55, 60.0%) was significantly higher than that in HIV‐negative cases (11/38, 28.9%, P = 0.003). Patients with MYC rearrangement showed a trend towards an inferior median survival time (9.6 months versus 15.7 months, P = 0.122) and 2‐year overall survival (17% versus 32%, P = 0.238). Conclusions: MYC rearrangement was frequently identified in PBL patients, and IGH was the partner gene in an overwhelming majority of MYC rearrangements. In addition, the MYC rearrangement rate was significantly higher in HIV‐positive PBL patients than that in HIV‐negative patients. MYC rearrangement may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV‐positive PBL, but further studies are required to understand the underlying mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: There is no consensus on the effectiveness of prophylactic thoracic duct ligation (PLG) in esophagectomy for reducing the incidence of postoperative chylothorax. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to study its efficacy., Methods: A systemic review of the publications was performed on three databases to identify all the relevant literature on comparative outcomes of PLG and nonprophylactic thoracic duct ligation (NPLG). The primary end point was the incidence of postoperative chylothorax., Results: Seven studies with comparative data on PLG ( n  = 2,178) versus NPLG ( n  = 3,048) were identify from the current publications. Comparison showed no significant difference between PLG and NPLG on the incidence of postoperative chylothorax (relative risk = 0.431; 95% confidence interval, 0.186 to 1.002; p  = 0.050)., Conclusions: Although some studies showed that PLG during the esophagectomy was effective to lower the incidence of postoperative chylothorax, no evidence was observed in the present meta-analysis. Further research is warranted to validate the findings., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

Objective: To investigate the frequency of different types of mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas diagnosed in a 4-year period at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, and to study baseline CD30 for potential anti-CD30 targeted therapy in mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma., Methods: All cases of mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma diagnosed at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from September 1, 2009 to August 31, 2013, were reviewed. Paraffin-blocks of available 164 consecutive cases were stained for CD30 immunohistochemistry using EnVision protocol., Results: A total of 625 cases of mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas were diagnosed and the most common type was extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type 319 (51.0%) cases, followed by angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) (119 cases, 19.0%), peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) (81 cases, 13.0%), and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), including 48 cases (7.7%) of systematic ALCL and 11 cases (1.8%) of primary cutaneous ALCL. Besides ALCL, ENKTL had the highest expression rate of CD30 among the 164 cases, with positivity observed in 41 cases (62.1%, 41/66). Only 1 case of PTCL-NOS was CD30 positive. CD30 was not expressed in all 28 cases of AITL and other rare types of mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma., Conclusions: The frequency of different types of mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma encountered at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center was similar to that seen in other areas of China and other Asia countries. CD30 expression is different among several types of mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma. In addition to ALCL, ENKTL has the highest expression rate of CD30, which may be a candidate disease for anti-CD30 targeted therapy.