80 results on '"Fengjiao, Wu"'
Search Results
2. IL-13 neutralization attenuates carotid artery intimal hyperplasia and increases endothelial cell migration via modulating the JAK-1/STAT-3 signaling pathway
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Qi Li, Yue Li, Fengjiao Wu, Jingyu Li, Zhongsha Li, Xiaoling Qin, Simeng Wei, and Chang Chen
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Endothelial cells ,IL-13 ,intimal hyperplasia ,reactive oxygen species ,STAT-3 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate how the concentration of interleukin-13 (IL-13) affects the regulation of endothelial cell migration after injury. The incubation of recombinant human interleukin-13 (rhIL-13) strongly increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HUVECs via the JAK-1/STAT-3/NOX-4 signaling pathway. Antagonizing the high intracellular ROS that was induced by rhIL-13 promoted the migration of HUVECs. Furthermore, IL-13 neutralization not only inhibited intimal hyperplasia, but also promoted the migration of endothelial cells (ECs) after injury. The results suggest that IL-13 inhibition is a potential means of stimulating endothelial cells recovery after injury. Therefore, the attenuation of IL-13 activation may have therapeutic value for vascular disease.
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- 2023
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3. Multi-step wind speed prediction based on LSSVM combined with ESMD and fractional-order beetle swarm optimization
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Yuanchen Gao, Bin Wang, Fei Chen, Wenjing Zhang, Dongdong Zhou, Fengjiao Wu, and Diyi Chen
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Multi-step wind speed prediction ,Beetle swarm optimization algorithm ,Fractional calculus ,Extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition ,Least squares support vector machine ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Accurate and stable wind speed prediction can alleviate the uncertain impacts of wind power generation caused by nonlinear characteristics of wind speed, and then improve the reliability of wind power. In this paper, a hybrid model for wind speed prediction based on mode decomposition, parameter optimization and basic prediction model is proposed. First, the extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) is employed to adaptively decompose the denoised wind speed time series into sub-sequences with different frequencies. Second, a fractional-order beetle swarm optimization (FO-BSO) for parameter optimization of the Least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed. Through benchmark functions and non-parametric statistical test, the advantages of the FO-BSO in accuracy, stability and convergence speed are verified. Subsequently, the ESMD-FO-BSO-LSSVM prediction model is established, and three groups of wind speed datasets with different sampling locations and sampling frequencies are selected for simulation experiments. The results show that the coefficient of determination of 1-step prediction of the proposed model in three datasets are 0.9856, 0.9713, 0.9940, which has 2.43%, 3.38%, 3.08% average promotion than that of 7 comparative models. And the accuracy and stability of ESMD-FO-BSO-LSSVM model in multi-step wind speed prediction have also achieved better performance than 7 competitors.
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- 2023
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4. Cerebral Endothelial CXCR2 Promotes Neutrophil Transmigration into Central Nervous System in LPS-Induced Septic Encephalopathy
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Fengjiao Wu, Yuhong Han, Qianqian Xiong, Haitao Tang, Jing Shi, Qingqing Yang, Xuemeng Li, Haoxuan Jia, Jun Qian, Yishu Dong, Tuantuan Li, Yong Gao, Zhongqing Qian, Hongtao Wang, and Ting Wang
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BBB ,CXCR2 ,endothelial barrier ,septic encephalopathy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Septic encephalopathy (SE) represents a severe inflammatory syndrome linked to elevated septic mortality rates, lacking specific therapeutic interventions, and often resulting in enduring neurological sequelae. The present investigation endeavors to elucidate the involvement of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) in the pathogenesis of SE and to explore the potential of CXCR2 modulation as a therapeutic avenue for SE. Employing a murine SE model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, CXCR2 knockout mice and the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002 were utilized to assess neutrophil recruitment, endothelial integrity, and transendothelial migration. Our findings substantiate that either CXCR2 deficiency or its inhibition curtails neutrophil recruitment without impacting their adhesion to cerebral endothelial cells. This phenomenon is contingent upon endothelial CXCR2 expression rather than CXCR2’s presence on neutrophils. Furthermore, the CXCR2 blockade preserves the integrity of tight junction protein ZO-1 and mitigates F-actin stress fiber formation in cerebral endothelial cells following septic challenge. Mechanistically, CXCL1-mediated CXCR2 activation triggers cerebral endothelial actin contraction via Rho signaling, thereby facilitating neutrophil transmigration in SE. These observations advocate for the potential therapeutic efficacy of CXCR2 inhibition in managing SE.
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- 2024
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5. Additive margin cosine loss for image registration.
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Yuandong Ma, Shouyu Sun, Fengjiao Wu, Yunfan Yang, Xin Yang, Bin Xu, and Zijiang Luo
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- 2022
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6. Recent advances in CAR-T cells therapy for colorectal cancer
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Xiaoling Qin, Fengjiao Wu, Chang Chen, and Qi Li
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colorectal cancer ,CAR-T cells ,antigen ,immunotherapy ,cell therapy ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with a high mortality rate and a serious impact on people’s life and health. In recent years, adoptive chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy has shown well efficacy in the treatment of hematological malignancies, but there are still many problems and challenges in solid tumors such as CRC. For example, the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, the low targeting of CAR-T cells, the short time of CAR-T cells in vivo, and the limited proliferation capacity of CAR-T cells, CAR-T cells can not effectively infiltrate into the tumor and so on. New approaches have been proposed to address these challenges in CRC, and this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of CAR-T cells therapy in CRC.
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- 2022
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7. Research on Restoration Algorithm of Tomb Murals Based on Sequential Similarity Detection.
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Wang Liu, Xia Li 0004, and Fengjiao Wu
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- 2021
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8. Trained immunity contributes to the prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, a novel role of autophagy
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Jie Zhou, Jingzhu Lv, Chelsea Carlson, Hui Liu, Hongtao Wang, Tao Xu, Fengjiao Wu, Chuanwang Song, Xiaojing Wang, Ting Wang, and Zhongqing Qian
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mycobacterium tuberculosis ,trained immunity ,autophagy ,epigenetic reprogramming ,vaccine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the pathogen which causes tuberculosis (TB), a significant human public health threat. Co-infection of M. tuberculosis and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), emergence of drug resistant M. tuberculosis, and failure to develop highly effective TB vaccines have limited control of the TB epidemic. Trained immunity is an enhanced innate immune response which functions independently of the adaptive/acquired immune system and responds non-specifically to reinfection with invading agents. Recently, several studies have found trained immunity has the capability to control and eliminate M. tuberculosis infection. Over the past decades, however, the consensus was adaptive immunity is the only protective mechanism by which hosts inhibit M. tuberculosis growth. Furthermore, autophagy plays an essential role in the development of trained immunity. Further investigation of trained immunity, M. tuberculosis infection, and the role of autophagy in this process provide new possibilities for vaccine development. In this review, we present the general characteristics of trained immunity and autophagy. We additionally summarize several examples where initiation of trained immunity contributes to the prevention of M. tuberculosis infection and propose future directions for research in this area.
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- 2021
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9. Isoalantolactone Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Doxorubicin by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage
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Fengjiao Wu, Rongrong Shao, Peisen Zheng, Tingting Zhang, Chenyu Qiu, Hehuan Sui, Shaotang Li, Libo Jin, Huanle Pan, Xiance Jin, Peng Zou, Ri Cui, and Congying Xie
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colon cancer ,ROS ,isoalantolactone ,JNK ,doxorubicin ,DNA damage ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancer in the world. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a classical anti-tumor drug which widely used in treatment of cancers, however, high toxicity limited its further clinical application. Thus, it is urgent to find new drugs with low toxicity and high efficiency to treat colon cancer. Isoalantolactone (IATL), an isomeric sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the plant of inula helenium, has been reported to have anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. However, the function of IATL in colon cancer remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that IATL inhibited colon cancer cell growth by increasing cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Further study showed that ROS accumulation contributed to DNA damage and JNK signaling pathway activation. In addition, we found that IATL markedly enhanced DOX-induced cell cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells. IATL in combination with DOX significantly increased the ROS production, induced DNA damage and activated JNK signaling pathway. Taken together, our data suggested that combined treatment with IATL and DOX may serve as a potential therapeutics for colon cancer.
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- 2022
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10. A Fault Diagnosis Method of Rolling Bearing Based on Attention Entropy and Adaptive Deep Kernel Extreme Learning Machine
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Weiyu Wang, Xunxin Zhao, Lijun Luo, Pei Zhang, Fan Mo, Fei Chen, Diyi Chen, Fengjiao Wu, and Bin Wang
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rolling bearing ,fault diagnosis ,empirical wavelet transform ,attention entropy ,marine predators algorithm ,deep kernel extreme learning machine ,Technology - Abstract
To address the difficulty of early fault diagnosis of rolling bearings, this paper proposes a rolling bearing diagnosis method by combining the attention entropy and adaptive deep kernel extreme learning machine (ADKELM). Firstly, the wavelet threshold denoising method is employed to eliminate the noise in the vibration signal. Then, the empirical wavelet transform (EWT) is utilized to decompose the denoised signal, and extract the attention entropy of the intrinsic mode function (IMF) as the feature vector. Next, the hyperparameters of the deep kernel extreme learning machine (DKELM) are optimized using the marine predators algorithm (MPA), so as to achieve the adaptive changes in the DKELM parameters. By analyzing the fault diagnosis performances of the ADKELM model with different kernel functions and hidden layers, the optimal ADKELM model is determined. Compared with conventional machine learning models such as extreme learning machine (ELM), back propagation neural network (BPNN) and probabilistic neural network (PNN), the high efficiency of the method proposed in this paper is verified.
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- 2022
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11. Fault Diagnosis of Power Transformer Based on Time-Shift Multiscale Bubble Entropy and Stochastic Configuration Network
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Fei Chen, Wanfu Tian, Liyao Zhang, Jiazheng Li, Chen Ding, Diyi Chen, Weiyu Wang, Fengjiao Wu, and Bin Wang
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power transformer ,fault diagnosis ,multiscale entropy ,stochastic configuration networks ,feature extraction ,Science ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
In order to accurately diagnose the fault type of power transformer, this paper proposes a transformer fault diagnosis method based on the combination of time-shift multiscale bubble entropy (TSMBE) and stochastic configuration network (SCN). Firstly, bubble entropy is introduced to overcome the shortcomings of traditional entropy models that rely too heavily on hyperparameters. Secondly, on the basis of bubble entropy, a tool for measuring signal complexity, TSMBE, is proposed. Then, the TSMBE of the transformer vibration signal is extracted as a fault feature. Finally, the fault feature is inputted into the stochastic configuration network model to achieve an accurate identification of different transformer state signals. The proposed method was applied to real power transformer fault cases, and the research results showed that TSMBE-SCN achieved 99.01%, 99.1%, 99.11%, 99.11%, 99.14% and 99.02% of the diagnostic rates under different folding numbers, respectively, compared with conventional diagnostic models MBE-SCN, TSMSE-SCN, MSE-SCN, TSMDE-SCN and MDE-SCN. This comparison shows that TSMBE-SCN has a strong competitive advantage, which verifies that the proposed method has a good diagnostic effect. This study provides a new method for power transformer fault diagnosis, which has good reference value.
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- 2022
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12. Blocking of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressed on endothelial cells promoted the recruitment of CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells in atherosclerosis
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Qi Li, Simeng Wei, Yue Li, Fengjiao Wu, Xiaoling Qin, Zhongsha Li, Jingyu Li, and Chang Chen
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Pharmacology ,Immunology - Published
- 2023
13. Multi-Omics Techniques for Soybean Molecular Breeding
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Pan Cao, Ying Zhao, Fengjiao Wu, Dawei Xin, Chunyan Liu, Xiaoxia Wu, Jian Lv, Qingshan Chen, and Zhaoming Qi
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soybean ,multi-omics ,molecular breeding ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Soybean is a major crop that provides essential protein and oil for food and feed. Since its origin in China over 5000 years ago, soybean has spread throughout the world, becoming the second most important vegetable oil crop and the primary source of plant protein for global consumption. From early domestication and artificial selection through hybridization and ultimately molecular breeding, the history of soybean breeding parallels major advances in plant science throughout the centuries. Now, rapid progress in plant omics is ushering in a new era of precision design breeding, exemplified by the engineering of elite soybean varieties with specific oil compositions to meet various end-use targets. The assembly of soybean reference genomes, made possible by the development of genome sequencing technology and bioinformatics over the past 20 years, was a great step forward in soybean research. It facilitated advances in soybean transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics, all of which paved the way for an integrated approach to molecular breeding in soybean. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in omics research, highlight novel findings made possible by omics techniques, note current drawbacks and areas for further research, and suggest that an efficient multi-omics approach may accelerate soybean breeding in the future. This review will be of interest not only to soybean breeders but also to researchers interested in the use of cutting-edge omics technologies for crop research and improvement.
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- 2022
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14. Activation of Nrf2 modulates protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in THP1-derived macrophages
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Jie Zhou, Fang Fang, Jinying Qi, Tengteng Li, Lin Zhang, Hui Liu, Jingzhu Lv, Tao Xu, Fengjiao Wu, Chuanwang Song, Wei Li, Xiaojing Wang, Xianyou Chang, Hongtao Wang, Ting Wang, and Zhongqing Qian
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Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Macrophages ,Physiology (medical) ,Humans ,Tuberculosis ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection, is one of the leading causes of death globally and poses a threat to public health. During infection, M. tuberculosis causes redox imbalance and dysfunctions of protective immunity. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor (Nrf2) is a major modulator of cellular redox homeostasis via transcriptional induction of cytoprotective genes to protect cell against the damage from insults. Thus, we hypothesize that Nrf2 may regulate protective immunity against M. tuberculosis. RNA-seq and immunoblotting results suggested that the expression of Nrf2 protein increased after M. tuberculosis infection, and decreased upon long-term M. tuberculosis infection, while Keap1 protein maintained a low expression level during M. tuberculosis infection. Furthermore, Nrf2 activator sulforaphane (SFN) decreased proinflammatory cytokines production, phagocytosis and host cell apoptosis, while increasing ROS levels and promoting autophagy in THP1 macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis. In addition, SFN-activated Nrf2 augmented bacterial killing by macrophages, which might be due to the regulation of protective immunity via Nrf2. Combined, our results extend the understanding of the complex innate immunity regulation by Nrf2 against mycobacterial infection. Also, these findings suggested that the regulation of Nrf2 signaling cascade could be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of TB patients and the development of better anti-TB vaccines.
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- 2022
15. Isodeoxyelephantopin Inactivates Thioredoxin Reductase 1 and Activates ROS-Mediated JNK Signaling Pathway to Exacerbate Cisplatin Effectiveness in Human Colon Cancer Cells
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Lin Hong, Jundixia Chen, Fang Wu, Fengjiao Wu, Xin Shen, Peisen Zheng, Rongrong Shao, Kongqin Lu, Zhiguo Liu, Daoxing Chen, Guang Liang, Yuepiao Cai, Peng Zou, and Yiqun Xia
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isodeoxyelephantopin ,oxidative stress ,thioredoxin reductase 1 ,cisplatin ,JNK ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. The development of new drugs and therapeutic strategies for patients with colon cancer are urgently needed. Isodeoxyelephantopin (ESI), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the medicinal plant Elephantopus scaber L., has been reported to exert antitumor effects on several cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of ESI is still elusive. In the present study, we found that ESI potently suppressed cell proliferation in human colon cancer cells. Furthermore, our results showed that ESI treatment markedly increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by inhibiting thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) activity, which leads to activation of the JNK signaling pathway and eventually cell death in HCT116 and RKO cells. Importantly, we found that ESI markedly enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HCT116 and RKO cells. Combination of ESI and cisplatin significantly increased the production of ROS, resulting in activation of the JNK signaling pathway in HCT116 and RKO cells. In vivo, we found that ESI combined with cisplatin significantly suppressed tumor growth in HCT116 xenograft models. Together, our study provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for ESI as a potential strategy for colon cancer treatment.
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- 2020
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16. Alveolar Epithelial Cells Promote IGF-1 Production by Alveolar Macrophages Through TGF-β to Suppress Endogenous Inflammatory Signals
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Mimi Mu, Peiyu Gao, Qian Yang, Jing He, Fengjiao Wu, Xue Han, Shujun Guo, Zhongqing Qian, and Chuanwang Song
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AEC ,AMs ,IGF-1 ,TGF-β ,inflammation ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
To maintain alveolar gas exchange, the alveolar surface has to limit unnecessary inflammatory responses. This involves crosstalk between alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and alveolar macrophages (AMs) in response to damaging factors. We recently showed that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 regulates the phagocytosis of AECs. AMs secrete IGF-1 into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in response to inflammatory stimuli. However, whether AECs regulate the production of IGF-1 by AMs in response to inflammatory signals remains unclear, as well as the role of IGF-1 in controlling the alveolar balance in the crosstalk between AMs and AECs under inflammatory conditions. In this study, we demonstrated that IGF-1 was upregulated in BALF and lung tissues of acute lung injury (ALI) mice, and that the increased IGF-1 was mainly derived from AMs. In vitro experiments showed that the production and secretion of IGF-1 by AMs as well as the expression of TGF-β were increased in LPS-stimulated AEC-conditioned medium (AEC-CM). Pharmacological blocking of TGF-β in AECs and addition of TGF-β neutralizing antibody to AEC-CM suggested that this AEC-derived cytokine mediates the increased production and secretion of IGF-1 from AMs. Blocking TGF-β synthesis or treatment with TGF-β neutralizing antibody attenuated the increase of IGF-1 in BALF in ALI mice. TGF-β induced the production of IGF-1 by AMs through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. IGF-1 prevented LPS-induced p38 MAPK activation and the expression of the inflammatory factors MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β in AECs. However, IGF-1 upregulated PPARγ to increase the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by AECs. Intratracheal instillation of IGF-1 decreased the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in BALF of ALI model mice, reduced alveolar congestion and edema, and suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues. These results elucidated a mechanism by which AECs used TGF-β to regulate IGF-1 production from AMs to attenuate endogenous inflammatory signals during alveolar inflammation.
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- 2020
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17. IL-33/ST2 plays a critical role in endothelial cell activation and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation modulation
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Kelei Cao, Xiang Liao, Jiahui Lu, Shu Yao, Fengjiao Wu, Xingxing Zhu, Dongyan Shi, Shuang Wen, Lixin Liu, and Hong Zhou
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CNS inflammation ,IL-33/ST2 ,Neutrophil infiltration ,Endothelial activation ,Microglia activation ,Intravital microscopy ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is increasingly being recognized as a key immunomodulatory cytokine in many neurological diseases. Methods In the present study, wild-type (WT) and IL-33−/− mice received intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce neuroinflammation. Intravital microscopy was employed to examine leukocyte–endothelial interactions in the brain vasculature. The degree of neutrophil infiltration was determined by myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect endothelial activation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative PCR were conducted to detect pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the brain. Results In IL-33−/− mice, neutrophil infiltration in the brain cortex and leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in the cerebral microvessels were significantly decreased as compared to WT mice after LPS injection. In addition, IL-33−/− mice showed reduced activation of microglia and cerebral endothelial cells. In vitro results indicated that IL-33 directly activated cerebral endothelial cells and promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-stimulated microglia. Conclusions Our study indicated that IL-33/ST2 signaling plays an important role in the activation of microglia and cerebral endothelial cells and, therefore, is essential in leukocyte recruitment in brain inflammation. Graphical abstract The role of IL-33/ST2 in LPS induced neuroinflammation
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- 2018
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18. Identifying the Exciplex-to-Exciplex Energy Transfer in Tricomponent Exciplex-Based OLEDs through Magnetic Field Effect Measurements
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Fengjiao Wu, Xi Zhao, Hongqiang Zhu, Xiantong Tang, Yaru Ning, Jing Chen, Xiaoli Chen, and Zuhong Xiong
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Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Biotechnology ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
19. Realization of H-Type Aggregation in Rubrene-Doped OLEDs and Its Induced Enhancement of Delayed Fluorescence
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Xiantong Tang, Linyao Tu, Xi Zhao, Jing Chen, Yaru Ning, Fengjiao Wu, and Zuhong Xiong
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General Energy ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
20. Early secretory antigen target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage apoptosis and host defense via TLR2
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zhang lin, Jingzhu Lv, Jinying Qi, Tengteng Li, Geman Xia, Tong Feng, Fang Fang, Hui Liu, Tao Xu, Fengjiao Wu, Chuanwang Song, Wei Li, Xiaojing Wang, Xianyou Chang, Hongtao Wang, Ting Wang, and Zhongqing Qian
- Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is an intracellular bacteria capable of evading the human immune system through various mechanisms. M. tuberculosis secretes many virulence factors when infecting host cells. The 6 kDa early secretory antigen target (ESAT-6) is one of the most virulent factors producted by the ESX-1 system, which acts alone or in conjunction with culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) to involve in host-pathogen interactions. ESAT-6 has been widely investigated in M. tuberculosis pathogenicity and vaccination. Nonetheless, little is known about its contribution to M. tuberculosis immune evasion and the involved cellular mechanisms. In this study, differential genes between BCG with the region of difference-1 (RD1) gene and Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infected dendritic cells (DC) were analyzed to reveal that ESAT-6, expressed in the RD1 region, involves host denfensive function of DC in response to BCG. In vitro evidence indicated that ESAT-6 (5 μg/ml) inhibits M. tuberculosis-induced apoptosis in THP-1(A) macrophages by suppressing TLR2 and via caspase-9 and caspase-3 endogenous pathways. It also inhibits the expression of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12, and the phagocytosis of macrophages. Additionally, ESAT-6 suppresses the bactericidal activity of macrophages, including ROS production, and the killing of M. tuberculosis. In summary, these data suggest a central role of ESAT-6 in M. tuberculosis’s evasion from macrophage recognition, phagocytosis, killing, and apoptosis. Our work may provide a theoretical basis for exploring new molecular targets of M. tuberculosis both for innovative vaccines and therapeutic inventions.
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- 2023
21. Dynamics of the smooth positons of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
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Fengjiao Wu and Jianli Li
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- 2020
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22. [Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) promotes phagocytic activity of alveolar epithelial cells via activating AKT signal pathway in LPS induced acute lung injury]
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Yishu, Dong, Yuhong, Han, Xiaofen, Chen, Xuemeng, Li, Qianqian, Xiong, Zhongqing, Qian, Baiqing, Li, Hongtao, Wang, and Fengjiao, Wu
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Lipopolysaccharides ,Mice ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Alveolar Epithelial Cells ,Acute Lung Injury ,Animals ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) on the phagocytic activity of alveolar epithelial cells in LPS-induced acute lung injury. Methods Mice were randomly divided into the normal control group and LPS stimulation group. The infiltration of inflammatory cells was detected by HE staining. The cytokine TNF-α level in lung was analyzed by ELISA. Western blotting was performed to detect the effect of LPS on PTPRO protein expression in lung. After the expression of PTPRO in MLE-12 cells was silenced by siRNA in vitro, flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of LPS and PTPRO siRNA on the phagocytic activity of MLE-12 cells, and the effects of LPS and PTPRO siRNA on the expression of PTPRO, AKT and phosphorylated AKT protein were measured by Western blotting. Results After the establishment of murine acute lung injury model by LPS injection(1 mg/kg), the infiltrated polymorphonuclear leukocytes were markedly increased. The level of TNF-α in lung tissue and the expression of PTPRO in MLE-12 cells were both significantly increased after LPS stimulation. However, the activity of MLE-12 cells to phagocytose fluorescent microbeads was evidently decreased after silencing PTPRO. Furthermore, silencing PTPRO induced a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of AKT in MLE-12 cells. Conclusion PTPRO can promote phagocytic activity of MLE-12 cells via activating AKT signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2022
23. An unprecedented spike of the electroluminescence turn-on transience from guest-doped OLEDs with strong electron-donating abilities of host carbazole groups
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Hongqiang Zhu, Zuhong Xiong, Xiantong Tang, Xiaoli Chen, Jing Chen, Xi Zhao, Fengjiao Wu, and Yaru Ning
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Materials science ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,Carbazole ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Exciton ,Electron ,Electroluminescence ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Chemical physics ,OLED ,General Materials Science ,Spike (software development) ,Spontaneous emission ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Diode - Abstract
An unreported unprecedented spike of ∼μs line-width, followed by an overshoot, was discovered at the rising edge of transient electroluminescence (TEL) from guest-doped organic light-emitting diodes with strong electron-donating abilities from the host carbazole groups. By changing the device structures and TEL measurement parameters, a series of experimental results demonstrate that this TEL spike is not related to exciton interactions such as singlet-triplet and triplet-triplet annihilations but originated from the radiative recombination of pre-stored electrons with injected holes. Surprisingly, these pre-stored guest electrons do not come from the energy-level traps in the host-guest systems; instead, the guest molecules receive the electrons transferred from the host carbazole groups due to their strong electron-donating abilities. Moreover, the observed spikes show rich and extraordinary temperature dependences. Based on the detailed understanding of the spike formation mechanism, we have proposed the requirements for the occurrence of spike and realized the artificial adjustments of the spike intensity. For instance, the instantaneous luminescent intensity of this spike can reach over 80 times the magnitude of the TEL plateau. Accordingly, this work deepens the physical understanding of this novel spike in TEL and paves the way for fabricating an electro-optic sensor to detect instantaneous weak current signals.
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- 2021
24. Compensatory combination of mTOR and TrxR inhibitors to cause oxidative stress and regression of tumors
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Tingting Zhang, Ri Cui, Jundixia Chen, Lin Hong, Fengjiao Wu, Fang Wu, Yiqun Xia, Yun Yu, Chenyu Qiu, Wei Chen, Xin Shen, Chenxin Xu, Congying Xie, Peng Zou, Rongrong Shao, and Peisen Zheng
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0301 basic medicine ,autophagy ,Programmed cell death ,Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase ,Auranofin ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,Mice, Nude ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,c-Jun N-terminal Kinase ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Everolimus ,Cell Death ,business.industry ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Autophagy ,Cancer ,thioredoxin reductase ,Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ,HCT116 Cells ,medicine.disease ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,mTOR ,Cancer research ,Signal transduction ,business ,Research Paper ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Extensive research over decades has led to the development of therapies that inhibit oncogenic signaling pathways. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of many cancers. Several mTOR inhibitors are approved for the treatment of cancers. However, the anticancer efficacies of mTOR inhibitor monotherapy are still limited. Methods: Western blot was used to detect the expression of indicated molecules. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity in cells was determined by the endpoint insulin reduction assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze precise location and expression of target proteins. Nude mice were used for xenograft tumor models. Results: We identified a synergistic lethal interaction of mTOR and TrxR inhibitors and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms of this synergism. We demonstrated that mTOR and TrxR inhibitors cooperated to induce cell death by triggering oxidative stress, which led to activation of autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in cancer cells. Remarkably, we found that auranofin (AF) combined with everolimus significantly suppressed tumor growth in HCT116 and SGC-7901 xenograft models with no significant signs of toxicity. Conclusion: Our findings identify a promising therapeutic combination for cancer and has important implications for developing mTOR inhibitor-based combination treatments.
- Published
- 2021
25. Trained immunity contributes to the prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, a novel role of autophagy
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Ting Wang, Zhongqing Qian, Chelsea Carlson, Jingzhu Lv, Tao Xu, Xiaojing Wang, Hui Liu, Hongtao Wang, Chuanwang Song, Jie Zhou, and Fengjiao Wu
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Epidemiology ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,Microbiology ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immunity ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Pathogen ,biology ,business.industry ,Public health ,General Medicine ,Acquired immune system ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Vaccination ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Parasitology ,Tuberculosis vaccines ,business - Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the pathogen which causes tuberculosis (TB), a significant human public health threat. Co-infection of M. tuberculosis and the human immunodeficiency...
- Published
- 2021
26. Identifying Key MicroRNAs Targeted by Narenmandula in a Rodent Nephropathy Model
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Xiaowei Liu, Xiulan Wang, Chun Chang, Sudunabuqi Sudunabuqi, Hongmei Chen, Fengjiao Wu, Wenjie Jin, Arun Arun, and Aodaofu Aodaofu
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Kidney ,Article Subject ,Microarray analysis techniques ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Nephropathy ,Other systems of medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,microRNA ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Doxorubicin Hydrochloride ,Doxorubicin ,Gene ,RZ201-999 ,Research Article ,030304 developmental biology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background. Untreated nephropathy can progress to renal failure. The traditional Mongolian remedy Narenmandula regulates the kidney “yang.” This study aimed to identify key microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted by Narenmandula in a rat model of nephropathy. Methods. Fifteen rats exhibiting normal renal function were randomized to three study arms. Nephropathy was induced in n = 10 rats using doxorubicin hydrochloride, followed by either Narenmandula treatment (treatment group) or no treatment (control group). In n = 5 rats, no doxorubicin was given and renal function remained unchanged (healthy group). Microarray analysis identified miRNAs which were differentially expressed (DE-miRNAs) between groups. Target genes of DE-miRNAs were predicted using miRWalk version 2.0, followed by enrichment analysis using DAVID, and construction of the miRNA coregulatory network using Cytoscape. Results. Nephropathy was successfully induced, with doxorubicin resulting in differential expression of 3645 miRNAs (1324 upregulated and 2321 downregulated). Narenmandula treatment induced differential expression of a total of 159 miRNAs (102 upregulated and 57 downregulated). Upregulated DE-miRNAs (e.g., miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181c-5p, and miR-30e-5p) and downregulated DE-miRNAs (e.g., miR-330-3p and miR-214-3p) regulated a high number of target genes. Moreover, the miRNA pairs (e.g., miR-195-5p—miR-497-5p, miR-181a-5p—miR-181c-5p, and miR-30e-5p—miR-30a-5p) coregulated a high number of genes. Enrichment analysis indicated functional synergy between miR-30e-5p—miR-30a-3p, miR-34a-5p—miR-30e-5p, miR-30e-5p—miR-195-3p, and miR-30a-3p—miR-195-3p pairs. Conclusion. Narenmandula may modulate doxorubicin-induced nephropathy via targeting miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181c-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-330-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-30a-3p, and miR-30a-5p.
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- 2020
27. Trichinella spiralis cystatin alleviates polymicrobial sepsis through activating regulatory macrophages
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Huihui Li, Dapeng Qiu, Yuan Yuan, Xiaoli Wang, Fengjiao Wu, Huijuan Yang, Shuying Wang, Mengxi Ma, Yayun Qian, Bin Zhan, and Xiaodi Yang
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Inflammation ,Macrophages ,Immunology ,Helminth Proteins ,Cystatins ,Toll-Like Receptor 2 ,Mice ,Sepsis ,Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ,Immunology and Allergy ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Trichinella spiralis - Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threateningorgandysfunction caused by the cytokine storm induced by the severe bacterial infection. Excessive inflammatory responses are responsible for the lethal organ damage during the early stage of sepsis. Helminth infection and helminth-derived proteins have been identified to have the ability to immunomodulate the host immune system by reducing inflammation against inflammatory diseases. Trichinella spiralis cystatin (Ts-Cys) is a cysteine protease inhibitor with strong immunomodulatory functions on host immune system. Our previous studies have shown that excretory-secretory proteins of T. spiralis reduced sepsis-induced inflammation and Ts-Cys was able to inhibit macrophages to produce inflammatory cytokines. Whether Ts-Cys has a therapeutic effect on polymicrobial sepsis and related immunological mechanism are not yet known.Sepsis was induced in BALB/c mice using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), followed by intraperitoneal injection of 15 µg recombinant Ts-Cys (rTs-Cys). The therapeutic effect of rTs-Cys on sepsis was evaluated by observing the 72-hour survival rates of CLP-induced septic mice and the acute injury of lung and kidney through measuring the wet/dry weight ratio of lung, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) in sera and the tissue section pathology. The potential underlying mechanism was investigated using mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) by observing the effect of rTs-Cys on LPS-stimulated macrophage polarization. The expression of genes associated with macrophage polarization in BMDMs and tissues of septic mice was measured by Western Blotting and qPCR.In this study, we demonstrated the treatment with rTs-Cys alleviated CLP-induced sepsis in mice with significantly reduced pathological injury in vital organs of lung and kidney and reduced mortality of septic mice. The further study identified that treatment with rTs-Cys promoted macrophage polarization from classically activated macrophage (M1) to alternatively activated macrophage (M2) phenotype via inhibiting TLR2/MyD88 signal pathway and increasing expression of mannose receptor (MR), inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and increased regulatory anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) in sera and tissues (lung and kidney) of mice with polymicrobial sepsis.Our results demonstrated that rTs-Cys had a therapeutic effect on sepsis through activating regulatory macrophages possibly via suppressing TLR2/MyD88 signal pathway. We also identified that rTs-Cys-induced M2 macrophage differentiation was associated with increased expression of MR on the surface of macrophages. Our results underscored the importance of MR in regulating macrophages during the treatment with rTs-Cys, providing another immunological mechanism in which helminths and their derived proteins modulate the host immune system. The findings in this study suggest that rTs-Cys is a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
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- 2022
28. Robust Finite-Time Terminal Sliding Mode Control for a Francis Hydroturbine Governing System
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Fengjiao Wu, Junling Ding, and Zhengzhong Wang
- Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
The robust finite-time control for a Francis hydroturbine governing system is investigated in this paper. Firstly, the mathematical model of a Francis hydroturbine governing system is presented and the nonlinear vibration characteristics are analyzed. Then, on the basis of finite-time control theory and terminal sliding mode scheme, a new robust finite-time terminal sliding mode control method is proposed for nonlinear vibration control of the hydroturbine governing system. Furthermore, the designed controller has good robustness which could resist external random disturbances. Numerical simulations are employed to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the designed finite-time sliding mode control scheme. The approach proposed in this paper is simple and also provides a reference for relevant hydropower systems.
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- 2016
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29. Slow recombination of the de-trapped carriers from doped OLEDs induced by spontaneous orientation polarization
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Jing Chen, Hongqiang Zhu, Xi Zhao, Fuxian Wei, Fengjiao Wu, Yaru Ning, Xiaoli Chen, and Zuhong Xiong
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Biophysics ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Biochemistry ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2022
30. Fuzzy predictive functional control of a class of non‐linear systems
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Bin Wang, Lan Yang, Diyi Chen, and Fengjiao Wu
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Scheme (programming language) ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Control and Optimization ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Fuzzy control system ,Class (biology) ,DC motor ,Fuzzy logic ,Transfer function ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Model predictive control ,Nonlinear system ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
This study investigates a fuzzy predictive functional control scheme of a class of non-linear systems. According to the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, a fuzzy prediction model of the presented non-linear system is given. Also, the fuzzy prediction model is transformed into the transfer function model. Then, a novel fuzzy predictive functional control scheme is proposed for a class of non-linear systems by combining the multi-variable centralised control and predictive functional control. The rigorous theoretical derivation is presented to ensure the stabilisation of the non-linear systems. Two representative cases, including the three-dimensional brushless DC motor and the 4D Chen system, are implemented to confirm the validity and superiority compared with an existing pure fuzzy control method.
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- 2019
31. Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy generalised predictive control of a time‐delay non‐linear hydro‐turbine governing system
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Yuqiang Tian, Fengjiao Wu, Delan Zhu, and Bin Wang
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Nonlinear system ,Runge–Kutta methods ,Model predictive control ,Electronic stability control ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Control theory ,Computer science ,Stability (learning theory) ,Fuzzy control system ,Fuzzy logic ,Moving-average model - Abstract
This study focuses on a fuzzy generalised predictive control (FGPC) method for a time-delay hydro-turbine governing system (HTGS). First, based on the time-delay Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, a time-delay HTGS and its fuzzy prediction model are given. Second, with the help of delay fuzzy linearisation and a fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm, a transformed controlled auto-regressive integrated moving average model is obtained. Then, a new FGPC scheme for the time-delay HTGS is proposed. Finally, numerical simulations are implemented to verify the validity and superiority of the proposed method. It also provides a reference for the stability control of relevant hydropower station systems.
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- 2019
32. A fast-multi-pole accelerated method of fundamental solutions for 2-D broadband scattering of SH waves in an infinite half space
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Zhikun Wang, Fengjiao Wu, Zhongxian Liu, Linping Guo, and Dong Wang
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lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery ,CPU time ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,0203 mechanical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Broadband ,Fundamental solution ,Method of fundamental solutions ,Effective method ,lcsh:TJ1-1570 ,General Materials Science ,010301 acoustics ,the scattering of SH waves ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Physics ,Plane (geometry) ,Scattering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Half-space ,Computational physics ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,fast multi-pole ,broadband frequency scattering ,large-scale scattering ,method of fundamental solution (MFS) - Abstract
The traditional method of fundamental solution (T-MFS) is known as an effective method for solving the scattering of elastic waves, but the T-MFS is inefficient in solving large-scale or broadband frequency problems. Therefore, in order to improve the performance in efficiency and memory requirement for treating practical complex 2-D broadband scattering problems, a new algorithm of fast multi-pole accelerated method of fundamental solution (FM-MFS) is proposed. Taking the 2-D scattering of SH waves around irregular scatterers in an elastic half-space as an example, the implementation steps are presented in detail. Based on the accuracy and efficiency verification, the FM-MFS is applied to solve the broadband frequency scattering of plane SH waves around group cavities, inclusions, a V-shaped canyon and a semi-elliptical hill. It shows that, compared with T-MFS, the FM-MFS has great advantages in reducing the consumed CPU time and memory for 2-D broadband scattering. Besides, the FM-MFS has excellent adaptability both for broad-frequency and complex-shaped scattering problems.
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- 2019
33. Observation of Reverse Intersystem‐Crossing From the Upper‐Level Triplet to Lowest Singlet Excitons (T 2 → S 1 ) in Tetra( t ‐butyl)rubrene‐Based OLEDs for Enhanced Light‐Emission
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Ying Wang, Yaru Ning, Fengjiao Wu, Jing Chen, Xiaoli Chen, and Zuhong Xiong
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Biomaterials ,Electrochemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
34. [Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promotes phagocytic activity of mouse BV-2 microglial cells via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway]
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Liqian, Zhai, Xiaofen, Chen, Sitong, Lu, Dan, Yang, Wanqing, Li, Feidi, Li, Fengjiao, Wu, and Meiqun, Sun
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Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Animals ,Microglia ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Phosphorylation ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Receptor, IGF Type 1 ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the phagocytic activity of mouse BV-2 microglial cells. Methods Western blotting was performed to detect the protein levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in the murine brain after the establishment of acute central nervous system inflammation models by intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection (10 mg/kg). The protein level of IGF-1R on BV-2 microglial cells that had been stimulated by 500 ng/mL LPS for 4, 12 and 24 hours was measured by Western blotting. To assess the phagocytic activity of microglial cells in response to IGF-1, BV-2 microglial cells were stimulated by IGF-1 at different concentrations for 24 hours after pretreated with or without wortmannin (PI3K/AKT signaling pathway blocker), and then incubated with fluorescent microbeads for 2 hours followed by measurement of phagocytosis of the fluorescent microbeads by flow cytometry. After treatment of IGF-1 (50 ng/mL), p-AKT and AKT signaling pathways in the BV-2 microglial cells were detected by Western blotting. Results Intraperitoneal LPS injection caused increased levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in the mouse brain. LPS upregulated the protein expression of IGF-1R on BV-2 microglial cells. The activity of BV-2 microglial cells to phagocytose fluorescent microbeads gradually increased with IGF-1 concentration rising and peaked in the IGF-1 treatment at 50 ng/mL, and gradually decreased thereafter. And IGF-1 induced the phosphorylation of AKT in BV-2 microglial cells. However, after the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was blocked via wortmannin, the effect of IGF-1 on the activity of BV-2 microglial cells to phagocytose fluorescent microbeads was significantly alleviated. Conclusion IGF-1 can promote phagocytic activity of BV-2 cells via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which suggests a potential role of IGF-1 in regulating the cerebral inflammation.
- Published
- 2021
35. Robust fuzzy control of hydro-turbine regulating system with time-varying parameters and random disturbances.
- Author
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FENGJIAO WU, XINYU FENG, GUITAO ZHANG, and ZHENGZHONG WANG
- Abstract
This paper studies the feasibility of robust fuzzy control of hydro turbine regulating systems (HTRSs). First, a mathematical model of the HTRS is presented. Then, to accommodate nonlinear vibrations, a novel fuzzy control method is designed for the HTRS. The method was built to process time-varying parameters and random disturbances to ensure robustness. The stability conditions of the HTRS are given as a set of linear matrix inequalities, and a detailed mathematical proof is presented that is easy to implement. Finally, the validity and superiority of the proposed method are shown by numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
36. Conversions from Normal to Abnormal Current‐Dependent ISC and from Abnormal to Normal Current‐Dependent RISC Processes in Exciplex‐Based OLEDs
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Xi Zhao, Jing Chen, Xiantong Tang, Fengjiao Wu, Yaru Ning, Xiaoli Chen, and Zuhong Xiong
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering - Published
- 2022
37. miR-196b-5p-mediated downregulation of FAS promotes NSCLC progression by activating IL6-STAT3 signaling
- Author
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Xiaodong Zhang, Xiangjie Huang, Xiaoying Huang, Ri Cui, Peng Zou, Shaotang Li, Xinping Zhu, Fengjiao Wu, Xiaokun Li, Wangyu Zhu, Congying Xie, Libo Jin, Meng Cao, Sisi Xiao, Xiaohui Zheng, and Yun Yu
- Subjects
STAT3 Transcription Factor ,Cancer Research ,Lung Neoplasms ,Immunology ,Article ,Metastasis ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Movement ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,microRNA ,Humans ,Medicine ,fas Receptor ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,STAT3 ,Cell Proliferation ,GATA6 ,biology ,lcsh:Cytology ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,TSPAN12 ,miRNAs ,STAT protein ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Phosphorylation ,business ,Non-small-cell lung cancer - Abstract
Our recent study demonstrated that the QKI-5 regulated miRNA, miR-196b-5p, and it functions as an onco-microRNA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by directly targeting GATA6 and TSPAN12. However, the role of miR-196b-5p in NSCLC progression and metastasis still remains unclear. We found that miR-196b-5p promotes lung cancer cell proliferation and colony formation by directly targeting tumor suppressor, FAS. The expression of FAS was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissue samples and was negatively correlated with the miR-196b-5p expression. Knocking down FAS activates NFkB signaling and subsequent IL6 secretion, resulting in phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) to promote lung cancer cell growth. Our findings indicated that miR-196b-5p might exhibit novel oncogenic function by FAS-mediated STAT3 activation in NSCLC, and suggested that targeting the miR-196b-5p/FAS/NFkB/IL6/STAT3 pathway might be a promising therapeutic strategy in treating NSCLC.
- Published
- 2020
38. CXCR2 antagonist attenuates neutrophil transmigration into brain in a murine model of LPS induced neuroinflammation
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Xiaofen Chen, Chuanwang Song, Liqian Zhai, Hongtao Wang, Meiqun Sun, Fengjiao Wu, Zhongqing Qian, and Ting Wang
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,0301 basic medicine ,Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,Neutrophils ,Biophysics ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Vascular permeability ,Brain Edema ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Receptors, Interleukin-8B ,Cell Line ,Endothelial activation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chemokine receptor ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,CXC chemokine receptors ,Molecular Biology ,Neuroinflammation ,Chemistry ,Phenylurea Compounds ,Antagonist ,Brain ,hemic and immune systems ,Cell Biology ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,CXCL1 ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Neutrophil Infiltration ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy ,Infiltration (medical) - Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a devastating neurological complication of sepsis with intolerable high motility. SAE is accompanied with brain vascular injury, endothelial hyperpermeability, and neutrophil infiltration into the brain tissue, key inflammatory processes leading to further brain edema and neuronal cell apoptosis. Recent studies from us and others suggest that the chemokine receptor C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) is crucial for neutrophil recruitment during SAE. Here we use CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 to characterize the role of CXCR2 in brain infiltration of neutrophil in a murine model of SAE. Systemic administration of high-dose LPS (10 mg/kg) induced evident neutrophil infiltration into the cerebral cortex in wild-type mice. However, CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 markedly attenuated neutrophil infiltration into brain. The CXCR2 expression on neutrophils in the peripheral circulation was dramatically downregulated in response to this LPS dose, and endothelial CXCR2 was significantly upregulated, suggesting endothelial but not neutrophil CXCR2 plays a more important role in neutrophil infiltration into brain. Strikingly, although these CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 treated mice displayed reduced neutrophil infiltration, no change in neutrophil rolling and adhesion was observed. Furthermore, we confirmed that CXCR2 agonist CXCL1 induced a marked increase in actin stress fiber synthesis and paracellular gap formation in cultured cerebral endothelial cells, which is attenuated by SB225002. Thus, these results demonstrate a selective role for endothelial CXCR2 to regulate cerebral vascular permeability and neutrophil transmigration in high-dose LPS induced neuroinflammation, and also suggest a therapeutic potential of CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 in SAE.
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- 2020
39. [CXCR2 participates in cerebral endothelial activation and neutrophil migration in mice with septic encephalopathy]
- Author
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Fengjiao, Wu, Mimi, Mu, Xiaofen, Chen, Liqian, Zhai, Jin, Zhang, Chuanwang, Song, and Zhongqing, Qian
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Mice, Knockout ,Brain Diseases ,Neutrophils ,Endothelial Cells ,Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ,Actins ,Receptors, Interleukin-8B ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Mice ,Random Allocation ,Cell Movement ,Sepsis ,Animals - Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of CXCR2 in the cerebral endothelial activation and migration of neutrophils into the brain in septic encephalopathy (SE) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods C57BL/6J mice and CXCR2-knockout mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, a wildtype mice group with LPS treatment and CXCR2-knockout mice group with LPS treatment. Mouse SE models were induced by intraperitoneal LPS injection. Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate histochemical staining of the brain section was performed to quantitate the neutrophils infiltrating into the cerebral cortex. TNF-α and CXCL1 concentrations in the brain and plasma were determined by ELISA. After the stimulation of LPS (1 μg/mL) and TNF-α (200 ng/mL), the levels of CXCR2 protein in the primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells isolated from the cerebral cortex were detected by Western blotting. The levels of F-actin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) protein in the primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells stimulated by CXCL1 (100 ng/mL) were detected by Western blotting. Results After intraperitoneal LPS injection, there was a significant increase in the level of TNF-α in the brain and plasma and there was also an evident increase in the level of CXCL1 in the brain of wild type mice (C57BL/6J mice). And intraperitoneal LPS injection caused increased neutrophil infiltration into the cerebral cortex in the wild type mice (C57BL/6J mice). But CXCR2-knockout mice displayed evidently reduced neutrophil infiltration into the cerebral cortex compared with the wildtype mice. In vitro LPS and TNF-α upregulated the expression of CXCR2 in the primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. CXCL1 increased remarkably the expression of endothelial F-actin and VCAM-1. Conclusion In the SE model, CXCR2 participates in the cerebral endothelial activation and neutrophil migration into the brain.
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- 2020
40. SPHK1 deficiency protects mice from acetaminophen-induced ER stress and mitochondrial permeability transition
- Author
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Hong Zhou, Shuang Wen, Yeqin Sha, Qiang You, Haitao Wang, Liang Sheng, Lixin Liu, Lianping He, Fengjiao Wu, Jun Zhang, Longjun Li, and Meiqing Shi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pyrrolidines ,Sphingosine kinase ,Article ,Mitochondrial Transmembrane Permeability-Driven Necrosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,GSK-3 ,Animals ,ASK1 ,Sulfones ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Molecular Biology ,Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors ,Acetaminophen ,Mice, Knockout ,Chemistry ,ATF6 ,Fingolimod Hydrochloride ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Methanol ,ATF4 ,Cell Biology ,Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ,Protein kinase R ,Cell biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Unfolded protein response - Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver failure. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), whose formation is catalyzed by sphingosine kinase (SPHK)-1 or -2, is a bioactive lipid implicated in human health and disease. Here, we show that APAP-treated sphK1-deficient (sphK1(−/−)) mice exhibited markedly less liver damage and reduced inflammation compared with the wild-type mice. SPHK1 deficiency alleviated APAP-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by affecting the phosphorylation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and activation of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). SPHK1 deficiency also inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), as evidenced by the impaired phosphorylation of JNK, apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1), and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). In addition, SPHK1 deficiency reduced the levels of histone deacetylase and promoted the acetylation of p65 and STAT1, thereby impairing the transcription of inflammatory genes. Supplementation with exogenous S1P significantly reversed the activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 pathway and ATF6 during ER stress as well as the activation of GSK3β, ASK1, and JNK during MPT. Both FTY720, a functional S1P receptor antagonist, and PF543, an SPHK1 inhibitor, significantly ameliorated APAP-induced liver injury and improved animal survival. Our study reveals a critical role for SPHK1 in mediating APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by promoting ER stress and MPT.
- Published
- 2019
41. The fast multi-pole indirect BEM for solving high-frequency seismic wave scattering by three-dimensional superficial irregularities
- Author
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Jianwen Liang, Fengjiao Wu, Zhongxian Liu, Dong Wang, and Chengqing Wu
- Subjects
Physics ,Shear waves ,Scattering ,Applied Mathematics ,Mathematical analysis ,General Engineering ,Plane wave ,Function (mathematics) ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Seismic wave ,010101 applied mathematics ,Computational Mathematics ,Wave field ,0101 mathematics ,Boundary element method ,Analysis ,Order of magnitude ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Taking full advantage of the indirect boundary element method (IBEM) and fast multi-pole expansion algorithm, this paper proposes a fast multi-pole indirect boundary element method (FM-IBEM) to solve the scattering of high-frequency seismic waves by three-dimensional (3-D) superficial irregularities or heterogeneity in a solid half-space. First, IBEM utilizes an exact dynamic Green's function for a full-space to construct the scattered wave field. Subsequently, by employing plane waves expansion of 3-D potential functions of compressional and shear waves, the multi-pole expansion and local expansion coefficients were derived. Implementation of FM-IBEM is presented in detail for wave-scattering problems. Numerical examples illustrate that the proposed FM-IBEM can reduce the memory required by more than an order of magnitude and also greatly improve the computing efficiency, retaining excellent accuracy as well. Ultimately, several high-frequency plane wave scattering problems of 3-D superficial irregularities in a solid half-space are illustrated, and several important scattering characteristics are described based on the high-precision numerical results.
- Published
- 2018
42. Fuzzy generalised predictive control for a class of fractional‐order non‐linear systems
- Author
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Lan Yang, Ke Shi, Diyi Chen, Bin Wang, and Fengjiao Wu
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Control and Optimization ,Laplace transform ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Fuzzy control system ,01 natural sciences ,Fuzzy logic ,Computer Science Applications ,Fractional calculus ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Nonlinear system ,Model predictive control ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Autoregressive model ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Moving average ,Control theory ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010301 acoustics - Abstract
Fractional-order fuzzy generalised predictive control (FFGPC) for a class of non-linear systems is studied. Based on the Grunwald-Letnikov fractional calculus, Laplace transform, and discretisation, a class of fractional-order non-linear systems are transformed to fit the standard controlled autoregressive integrating moving average (CARMA) model. With the help of the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy linearisation theory, a linear CARMA model for the non-linear systems is represented. Then, a new FFGPC method is proposed for the fractional-order non-linear systems based on the obtained CARMA predictive model and generalised predictive control theory. Numerical simulations are implemented to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the new method. This work also provides a reference for the control of relevant fractional-order systems.
- Published
- 2018
43. The N-fold degenerate Darboux transformation of the three component Kundu–Eckhaus equations: Novel interactions between soliton and positon solution
- Author
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Fengjiao Wu and Jianli Li
- Subjects
Physics ,Fold (higher-order function) ,Component (thermodynamics) ,Degenerate energy levels ,Eigenfunction ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Transformation (function) ,Bound state ,Soliton ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Representation (mathematics) ,Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
In this paper, an explicit representation of the N -fold degenerate Darboux transformation (DT) for the three component Kundu–Eckhaus equations, which can be viewed as a model to describe the effect of quintic nonlinearity on the ultra-short optical pulse propagation in non-Kerr media, has been derived. The DT is expressed by the initial eigenfunctions, spectral parameters and ‘seed’ solution. As applications of DT, the abundant and novel interactions between soliton and positon are discussed in detail, such as elastic interactions, inelastic interactions and bound states.
- Published
- 2021
44. Endothelial cell activation in central nervous system inflammation
- Author
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Fengjiao Wu, Hong Zhou, and Lixin Liu
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,0301 basic medicine ,Integrins ,Leukocyte migration ,Immunology ,Cell ,Central nervous system ,Inflammation ,Cell Communication ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Movement ,Leukocytes ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Neuroinflammation ,Cell adhesion molecule ,Brain ,Endothelial Cells ,Cell Biology ,Cell biology ,Endothelial stem cell ,Crosstalk (biology) ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Selectins ,Cytokines ,Endothelium, Vascular ,medicine.symptom ,Neuroglia ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Leukocyte migration across the endothelial barrier plays an essential role in CNS inflammation. The migration process requires complex endothelial adhesion molecules concentrated at the junctions of endothelial cells. Recent findings suggest that cerebral endothelial cells play an active role in the pathogenesis of CNS inflammatory diseases. This review describes our current understanding of the effects of various inflammatory mediators of leukocyte migration on cerebral endothelial cells, the mechanisms underlying the leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, and the crosstalk between endothelial cells and glial cells or platelets. These emerging mechanisms may provide new therapeutic strategies for a variety of CNS inflammatory diseases.
- Published
- 2017
45. Using Probabilistic Graphical Models to Solve NP-complete Puzzle Problems
- Author
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Fengjiao Wu
- Published
- 2019
46. Insulin‑like growth factor 1 inhibits phagocytosis of alveolar epithelial cells in asthmatic mice
- Author
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Hua Ma, Chuanwang Song, Mimi Mu, Fengjiao Wu, Shujun Guo, Xu Tang, and Jing He
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Phagocyte ,Phagocytosis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cell ,Apoptosis ,Lung injury ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Molecular Biology ,Lung ,Cells, Cultured ,Inflammation ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Chemistry ,Growth factor ,respiratory system ,Asthma ,respiratory tract diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Bronchoalveolar lavage ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Alveolar Epithelial Cells ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Antibody - Abstract
The phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar epithelial cells helps to eliminate airway inflammation. Insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF‑1) regulates cell metabolism and proliferation, and promotes cell survival, while it may also promote the proliferation and differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells during the repair of lung injury. The present study investigated the effect of IGF‑1 on the phagocytic activity of alveolar epithelial cells, a nonprofessional phagocyte. IGF‑1 was elevated in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from mice with ovalbumin‑induced asthma. IGF‑1 was reduced by 50% in the lung tissue and by nearly 100% in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic mice established by depletion of alveolar macrophages using 2‑chloroadenosine. In addition, interleukin‑33 induced IGF‑1 production in primary alveolar macrophages. It was also observed that IGF‑1 inhibited the phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres and apoptotic cells by MLE‑12 alveolar epithelial cells. Antibody blocking of IGF‑1 enhanced the phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres and apoptotic cells, and significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in airway and perivascular tissues. The elevated IGF‑1 level in the lungs of asthma model mice was mainly produced in alveolar macrophages. Taken together, the current study demonstrated that IGF‑1 inhibited phagocytosis by alveolar epithelial cells, and that IGF‑1 blockade enhanced the phagocytic activity and alleviated airway inflammation. These results support the potential use of IGF‑1 as a target in the treatment of asthma.
- Published
- 2018
47. Finite time takagi-sugeno fuzzy control for hydro-turbine governing system
- Author
-
Delan Zhu, Fengjiao Wu, Bin Wang, and Jianyi Xue
- Subjects
Basis (linear algebra) ,020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Stability (learning theory) ,Aerospace Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Fuzzy control system ,Fuzzy logic ,Electronic stability control ,Computer Science::Systems and Control ,Mechanics of Materials ,Robustness (computer science) ,Control theory ,Stability theory ,Automotive Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Schur complement ,General Materials Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this study, a robust finite time Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control method for hydro-turbine governing system (HTGS) is investigated. Firstly, the mathematical model of HTGS is introduced, and on the basis of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy rules, the T-S fuzzy model of HTGS is presented. Secondly, based on finite time stability theory, a novel finite time Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control method is designed for the stability control of HTGS. Thirdly, the relatively loose sufficient stability condition is acquired, which could be transformed into a group of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) via Schur complement as well as the strict mathematical derivation is given. Furthermore, the control method could resist random disturbances, which shows the good robustness. Simulation results indicate the designed finite time T-S fuzzy control scheme works well compared with the conventional method. The approach proposed in this paper is easy to implement and also provides reference for relevant hydropower systems.
- Published
- 2016
48. Robust finite-time control of fractional-order nonlinear systems via frequency distributed model
- Author
-
Junling Ding, Fengjiao Wu, Bin Wang, and Delan Zhu
- Subjects
Lyapunov stability ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Variable structure control ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Terminal sliding mode ,Aerospace Engineering ,Ocean Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Lorenz system ,Nonlinear control ,01 natural sciences ,Sliding mode control ,Nonlinear system ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Robust control ,010301 acoustics ,Mathematics - Abstract
This paper studies the application of frequency distributed model for finite-time control of a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems. Firstly, a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems with model uncertainties and external disturbances are introduced, and a new frequency distributed model with theoretical inference is presented. Secondly, a novel fast terminal sliding surface is proposed and its stability to origin is proved based on the frequency distributed model and Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, based on finite-time stability and sliding mode control theory, a robust control law to ensure the occurrence of the sliding motion in a finite time is designed for stabilization of the fractional-order nonlinear systems. Finally, two typical examples of three-dimensional nonlinear fractional-order Lorenz system and four-dimensional nonlinear fractional-order Chen system are employed to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
- Published
- 2016
49. Stabilization conditions for fuzzy control of uncertain fractional order non‐linear systems with random disturbances
- Author
-
Jianyi Xue, Delan Zhu, Fengjiao Wu, and Bin Wang
- Subjects
Lyapunov stability ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Control and Optimization ,Stochastic process ,02 engineering and technology ,Fuzzy control system ,Interval (mathematics) ,01 natural sciences ,Stability (probability) ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Nonlinear system ,Stability conditions ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Fractional programming ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010301 acoustics ,Mathematics - Abstract
A novel fractional order Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy control method for a class of fractional order non-linear systems is proposed in this study. On the basis of the fractional order interval theory, the generalised T–S fuzzy model for a class of uncertain fractional order non-linear systems is presented. By using fractional order Lyapunov stability theorem, the more relaxed and practical sufficient stability conditions which are presented as a new set of linear matrix inequalities are put forward, which are guaranteed by rigorous mathematical derivation. The proposed control scheme is developed for fractional order non-linear systems stabilisation in the presence of random disturbances. Typical instances including the fractional order three-dimensional (3D) non-linear system and the fractional order 4D non-linear Lorenz hyperchaos are implemented. Simulation results indicate the designed fractional order T–S fuzzy control scheme works well compared with the existing method.
- Published
- 2016
50. TLR signalling affects sperm mitochondrial function and motility via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and glycogen synthase kinase-3α
- Author
-
Dongyan Shi, Xiaoqian Li, Hui Xiao, Lixin Liu, Hong Zhou, Xingxing Zhu, Weijuan Gong, Fengjiao Wu, and Xuejiang Guo
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Motility ,Biology ,Mitochondrion ,Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,GSK-3 ,Animals ,Humans ,Phosphatidylinositol ,Phosphorylation ,Sperm motility ,Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,Mice, Knockout ,urogenital system ,Kinase ,Toll-Like Receptors ,Zymosan ,Cell Biology ,Spermatozoa ,Sperm ,Mitochondria ,Cell biology ,Androstadienes ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ,Sperm Motility ,Female ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase ,Signal transduction ,Wortmannin ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Infection in male and female genital tracts can lead to infertility. The underlying mechanisms of this process remain unclear. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize conserved structures and respond to pathogens by initiating signals that activate inflammatory gene transcription. Here, we demonstrate that TLR activation in sperm reduces sperm motility via signalling through myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α. Upon TLR activation, phosphorylated forms of PI3K and GSK3α were detected in the mitochondria, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was impaired in sperm. In addition, mitochondrial ATP levels were decreased after TLR agonist stimulation. Furthermore, blocking PI3K or GSK3α activation abrogated these effects and reversed the TLR-induced reduction in sperm motility. These results identify a previously unrecognized TLR signalling pathway that leads to dysfunctional sperm mitochondria, which reduce sperm motility. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which pathogenic infection affects sperm motility and possibly leads to infertility.
- Published
- 2016
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