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The total detection time from DNA preparation was about 20 min. The LOD of the ASEA method was 25 CFU mL−1 of pure cultured V. parahaemolyticus. The enrichment time was significantly reduced to 3 h with a LOD of 18 CFU g−1 of spiked scallop meat.

As FinFET scales down to advanced technology nodes, Self-aligned Quadruple Patterning (SaQP) scheme is widely deployed for Fin formation, where two mandrels (MD1 and MD2) and corresponding mandrel spacers (MD1SP and MD2SP) are patterned for accurate CD transferring. The Fin-cut etching process of the MD2SP Cutting is very critical for the patterning of the Standard Cell and the SRAM patterns. This work studies the application of the Front End of Line (FEoL) MD2SP Cutting process in both inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) etchers. The mismatch between the two tools is observed and discussed in detail. For CCP tools, a degradation of line width roughness (LWR) and increase of critical dimension (CD) loading between dense and isolated patterns are observed. Compared with the ICP etchers, the CCP etchers have lower plasma dissociation and stronger physical bombardment of ions. Furthermore, it is harder to control the plasma density and directionality separately. To increase CCP tool applications in FEoL processes, we introduce a Silicon coating process to modify the photoresist (PR) during the CCP etching to harden the surface of the PR and enhance the LWR performance. Furthermore, the application of atomic layer etching (ALE) technology ensures the CD loading between the dense and isolated patterns. With the application of our study, we can broaden the application of CCP tools in FEoL for FinFET mass production.

Tangerine Peel has rich medicinal value, known as ' one kilogram of tangerine peel, one kilogram of gold '. However, the value of tangerine peels in different years is different, and there is no significant difference in the appearance of tangerine peels in different years. Identifying their authenticity has brought trouble to the industry. Generally speaking, the characteristics of tangerine peel can be identified through the texture, color and oil parcel points on the surface of tangerine peel. However, compared with the feature recognition of other Chinese medicinal materials, there is no significant difference in the shape of tangerine peel in different years, and the color is similar. Therefore, the feature extraction of tangerine peel is more complicated and the recognition is more difficult. The existing deep learning algorithms face great challenges in efficient and high accuracy recognition. In response to this challenge, this paper builds a new lightweight tangerine peel recognition algorithm TPRA (Tangerine Peel Recognition Algorithm) based on ResNet50. This algorithm uses a variety of methods to optimize the generalization ability of the model and improve the recognition accuracy. Firstly, TPRA adopts mixed data enhancement, including traditional data enhancement, deep convolution generation confrontation network DCGAN, and Mosaic data enhancement to enhance the richness of sample images in the dataset, reduced the data of each batch regularization (Batch Normal), and enhanced the performance of algorithm identification. Secondly, TPRA introduced the attention mechanism module CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) combined with the cross stage partial network CSPNet (Cross Stage Partial Network) to propose an improved ResNet50 model, which adjusts the position of the maximum pooling layer and disassembles the large convolution kernel to effectively avoid overfitting. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of the algorithm can reach 98.8%, and the effect was better than that of Alexnet, VGG16 and Resnet50. TPRA provided a new method for the identification of peel years.

This study proposes a random parameter bivariate probit model to analyze risk factors on the crash injury severity of both motorcycle riders and passengers in a single modeling framework. The propo...

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared by melt blending and then extruded in filaments for the fused deposition mo...

Background Migraine is defined as a recurrent headache of moderate to severe intensity that seriously affects the quality of life. Recent clinical trials have confirmed that acupuncture is effective in treating migraine. We aimed to review the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine by comparing treatment and various control groups in accordance with the newly published guidelines for systematic reviews. Materials and Methods The following databases were searched for relevant articles published from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019: Embase, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and four Chinese databases. The present review included randomized controlled trials in which acupuncture was the sole treatment or an adjunctive treatment for migraine. Two researchers independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment processes. Disagreements between reviewers were solved by discussion and data reanalysis. The quality of each included study was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment method and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) checklist. Results Forty-nine studies were analyzed and ranked based on the latest STRICTA and Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment standards. The analysis revealed that acupuncture reduced headache frequency compared with no treatment (mean difference [MD] = -1.80, P < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.34 to -1.26) and western medicine (MD = -1.75, P = 0.003, 95% CI -2.91 to -0.58). Headache frequency did not significantly differ between patients who received real acupuncture versus those who received sham acupuncture (MD = -0.64, P = 0.24, 95% CI -1.70 to 0.42). Conclusion The present review evaluated the current research on the use of acupuncture for migraine, compared with various control treatments. The evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture in controlling migraine is still limited due to the low quality of the published studies.

Rice, Oryza sativa L. (Os), is one of the oldest domesticated cereals that has also gone through extensive improvement in modern breeding.How rice was domesticated and impacted by modern breeding.We performed comprehensive analyses of genomic sequences of 504 accessions of Os and 456 accessions of O. rufipogon/O. nivara (Or).The natural selection on Or before domestication and the natural and artificial selection during domestication together shaped the well-differentiated genomes of two subspecies, geng(j) (japonica) and xian(i) (indica), while breeding has made apparent genomic imprints between landrace and modern varieties of each subspecies, and also between primary modern and advanced modern varieties of xian(i). Selection during domestication and breeding left genome-wide selective signals covering ∼ 22.8 % and ∼ 8.6 % of the Os genome, significantly reduced within-population genomic diversity by ∼ 22 % in xian(i) and ∼ 53 % in geng(j) plus more pronounced subspecific differentiation. Only ∼ 10 % reduction in the total genomic diversity was observed between the Os and Or populations, indicating domestication did not suffer severe genetic bottleneck.Our results revealed clear differentiation of the Or accessions into three large populations, two of which correspond to the well-differentiated Os subspecies, geng(j) and xian(i). Improved productivity and common changes in the same suit of adaptive traits in xian(i) and geng(j) during domestication and breeding resulted apparently from compensatory and convergent selections for different genes/alleles acting in the common KEGG terms and/or same gene families, and thus maintaining or even increasing the within population diversity and subspecific differentiation of Os, while more genes/alleles of novel function were selected during domestication than modern breeding. Our results supported the multiple independent domestication of Os in Asia and suggest the more efficient utilization of the rich diversity within Os by exploiting inter-subspecific and among population diversity in future rice improvement.

Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and cerebral infarction are difficult to identify within the thrombolytic time window. Blood markers are efficient, economical and noninvasive and can be beneficial in the diagnosis of many diseases. Plasma exosomal biomarkers are rarely reported in TIA. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) were extracted from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats (0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 2 h). Deep sequencing was used to detect exosomal miRNAs in rat plasma and confirm significant differentially expressed miRNAs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Exosomal miRNAs with the same expression trends in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were selected, and bioinformatics analysis was then carried out. Finally, the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was determined to assess the diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs for TIA in rats. First, high-throughput sequencing was used to detect the expression level of plasma exosome miRNA, and rno-miR-450b-5p with a decreasing expression level was screened. Second, the expression levels of exosomal miRNAs were verified in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples by PCR, and the results indicated that exosomal rno-miR-450b-5p was similarly expressed in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. ROC analysis showed high AUC values for rno-miR-450b-5p (0.880) in the 10 min ischaemia rats compared with the control rats. Finally, bioinformatic analysis indicated that exosomal rno-miR-450b-5p may be involved in cerebral ischaemia. Plasma exosomal rno-miR-450b-5p has a high diagnostic value and may become a therapeutic target for rat TIA.

Thioredoxin system plays an important role in antioxidative stress, thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) being one of the most important components in the thioredoxin system. The full-length cDNA sequence of thioredoxin 2 from Euphausia superba (EsTrx2) is 1276 bp and contain a 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of 94 bp, a 3′ UTR of 741 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 441 bp, encoding a putative protein of 146 amino acids. Multiple sequence alignments have indicated that EsTrx2 possesses a conserved (-Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-) CGPC redox-active site. EsTrx2 shares 62.3% identity with the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) Trx2. The predicted three-dimensional structure of EsTrx2 consists of a thioredoxin fold. The high similarity and phylogenetic analysis have indicated that EsTrx2 is a member of the mitochondrial Trx2 sub-family. The recombinant EsTrx2 (rEsTrx2) was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The rEsTrx2 protein showed high redox activity and antioxidant capacity at temperature from 4 to 37 °C. All results indicated that EsTrx2 was involved in the oxidative stress response of E. superba.

ABSTRACT Advanced Process Control (APC) has been widely applied in state-of-the-art semiconductor industries for the everlasting pursuit of cycle time reduction, higher yield and zero scrap. Inline metrology is thus valuable input feeds for the improvement of wafer-to-wafer and within-wafer CD variations originated from either abnormality or noise of different processes. Implementing a suitable APC scheme to process flow remains a challenging task for engineers. In most cases, it is enough to implement the APC to only one single pattern on Chip. However, for multi-purpose chip design, the CD control of multiple patterns is becoming important. In this paper, we presented a workflow of APC to control the CD of two different patterns. It is shown that, with the same amount of APC process layers, we were able to improve from single pattern CD control to dual pattern CD control. The final process variations of two patterns can be controlled within ±0.5 nm. INTRODUCTION Abnormality and noise are two inevitable root causes of systematic yield loss and mis-process during semiconductor manufacturing processes [1]. Within-wafer uniformity is another important indication of process control capability. Lam tools implement Hydra Electro Static Chuck (ESC) combining the 4 radially-tunable zones with grid-heating elements, where additional CDU tuning is made possible for radial and non-radial uniformity [2]. APC schemes are normally applied to a single pattern as the anchor point to control the CD and CDU. However, for multi-purpose chip layouts, areas of different CDs and pitches are designed. For instance, CD controlling of both Logic and SRAM are important for yield improvement and device performance. When APC is implemented to different processes across the production flow, it is possible to utilize properly the inline metrology data of different patterns across processes for a dual pattern control. For this purpose, The APC CD control scheme of dual patterns is demonstrated in this work. SETUP The process flow is divided into 4 stages. In stage 1, a hard mask (HM) is patterned with a Lithograph-Etching (LE) process. An added CD trimming process of stage 2 is added to cover the LE etch bias (EB) incapability. Pattern B is covered by photoresist materials to trim the CD of pattern A HM to the target value. In stage 3, a thin Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) layer is deposited on the HM of both patterns A and B for etching protection. In stage 4, the final etch process is completed with the HMs of target CDs. RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS For single pattern APC, pattern A is designated as the anchor pattern for this scheme. For stage 1, the Hydra function is applied to pattern A to improve its CDU. Here we assume that the Hydra function barely improves the CD or CDU of pattern B, due to the fact that pattern A and pattern B have different line CDs and Pitches. In stage 2, APC is turned on using inline data of pattern A from stage 1. Pattern A is exposed for the isotropic plasma dry etching process until target CD is reached. Pattern B is covered in photoresist materials, and its CD is not changed during this process. And the photoresist materials are removed afterward. In stage 3. Fixed-amount ALD process is applied for HM protection on both Pattern A and B. In stage 4, HM is used to etch the pattern into substrate Si with Hydra function turned on for pattern A only. During this process flow, CD and CDU APC are applied to pattern A only. The process variation of stage 1 on pattern B is transferred all the way down to the final stage 4 without any APC functioning on Pattern B. Figure 1 shows the new APC flow. In stage 1, HM of pattern A and pattern B are etched with Hydra function working on pattern A only. However, inline metrology is applied to pattern B for APC of stage 3. In stage 2, Pattern A trimming changed from APC-mode to fixed time mode. The APC function is turned on for stage 3 for a global CD control of both pattern A and pattern B using ALD. And Hydra function is turned on for stage 4 for a CDU control on pattern A. It is shown that the CD variation originated from stage 1 is compensated on stage 3. With the same amount of APC stages, the effect of the APC can be improved from pattern A CD/CDU only, to pattern A CD/CDU and pattern B CD control. Figure 1

Cucurbita maxima belong to the genus Cucurbita and are of nutritional and economic importance. Physiological activity, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses of leaf samples from the C. maxima inbreding line IL7 treated at 5 °C and 25 °C were performed. Cold stress resulted in a significant increase in the malondialdehyde content, relative electrical conductivity, soluble protein, sugar content, and catalase activity. A total of 5,553 differentially expressed genes were identified, of which 2,871 were up-regulated and 2,682 down-regulated. In addition, the transcription of differentially expressed genes in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway and transcription factor families of AP2/ERF, bHLH, WRKY, MYB, and HSF was activated. Moreover, 114 differentially expressed metabolites were identified by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, particularly through the analysis of carboxylic acids and derivatives, and organooxygen compounds. The demonstration of a series of potential metabolites and corresponding genes highlighted a comprehensive regulatory mechanism. These findings will provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms associated with the response to cold stress in C. maxima.

Background: Radiation-induced xerostomia is one of the most common symptoms experienced by cancer patients. The aim of our study is to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effect of acupuncture for radiation-induced xerostomia in cancer patients. Methods: Eight databases were searched for all published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on acupuncture for radiation-induced xerostomia in cancer patients up to December 31, 2019. Manual searching included other conference abstracts and reference lists. Meta-analysis was conducted using Revman V.5.3, and risks of bias for included studies was assessed following the Cochrane Handbook. Results: Eight clinical trials (725 participants) were analyzed, and 3 were included in a meta-analysis. All included trials had a high risk of bias, such as selection, performance, and detection bias. Analysis indicated favorable effects of acupuncture regarding the improvement of xerostomia symptoms (MD −3.05, P = 0.02, 95% CI −5.58 to −0.52), compared with sham acupuncture. There were no significant differences between real acupuncture and sham acupuncture regarding the stimulated salivary flow rate (MD 0.37, P = 0.08, 95% CI −0.05 to 0.79) and unstimulated salivary flow rate (MD 0.09, P = 0.12, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.21), which were whole salivary flow rate. Compared with no acupuncture (standard oral care, usual care, or no treatment), acupuncture produced a significant improvement in patient-reported xerostomia, without causing serious adverse effects. However, a Grading of Recommended Assessments analysis revealed that the quality of all acupuncture outcome measures was low. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis and systematic review suggests that acupuncture is effective at improving xerostomia symptoms in cancer patients but not at objective salivary flow measurements. The evidence is still limited due to the low quality of the published studies.

Heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils in sewage irrigation areas is a serious environmental issue. Many prior studies have demonstrated that soil around the irrigation area is polluted with heavy metals, even though they had not been irrigated by wastewater. In this study, a paddy field downstream of the Zhangshi Irrigation Area was selected as the study area. The Cd concentrations and their representative input and output fluxes to and from the topsoil were systematically studied. The results showed that 95.5% of soil samples exceeded the screening value of Cd concentration. The Cd input fluxes via irrigation water and atmospheric deposition, accounting for 56.95% and 42.53% of the total input flux, respectively, were the main sources of Cd in soil. Crop harvesting was the main output pathway, accounting for 89.63% of the total output flux. An estimation of the annual mass balance showed that Cd in the studied area was in a state of accumulation, and the annual increase in Cd concentration in topsoil would be 2.46 µg kg−1 if the observed fluxes remain. These results will provide a reference for the development of strategies to control and reduce heavy metal contamination and diffusion in agricultural soils around irrigation areas.

IntroductionThere is a growing number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that focus on functional changes in the brain detected by functional MRI (fMRI) and gut microbiota composition changes after using probiotics.However, the effect of probiotics on functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota remains controversial in existing RCTs. Furthermore, to our knowledge, there is no systematic review to evaluate the effect of probiotics on functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota. Therefore, we aim to summarise literatures evaluating the potential association between probiotics, gut microbiota and functional changes in the brain to elucidate whether probiotics influence gut microbiota and affect functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota.Methods and analysisChina National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Databases (the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database), SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE (The National Library of Medicine), EMBASE (Excerpt Medica Database), Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched until July 2019. The Grey Literature in Europe (OpenSIGLE) database and Google search engine will also be used. The reference lists of each included study will be reviewed to determine whether there are any further relevant studies. RCTs using probiotics compared with a placebo/control will be included. We will use risk of bias assessment and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence. The results of the systematic review will be synthesised narratively in the domains of the three primary outcome measures: (1) Increased/decreased activity in brain regions or altered functional connectivity (FC) of brain detected by fMRI and their association with changes in behaviour, gastrointestinal/emotional symptoms after using probiotics. (2) Changes in composition and diversity of the gut microbiota and their association with changes in behaviour, gastrointestinal/emotional symptoms after using probiotics. (3) Increased/decreased activity in brain regions or altered FC of brain detected by fMRI and the changes in composition or diversity of the gut microbiota after administration of probiotics.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication. As no private and confidential patient data will be included in the reporting, there are no ethical considerations associated with this protocol.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019145114.

Panicle number (PN) is one of the three yield components in rice. As one of the most unstable traits, the dynamic change in tiller number (DCTN) may determine the final PN. However, the genetic basis of DCTN and its relationship with PN remain unclear. Here, 377 deeply re-sequenced rice accessions were used to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for tiller/PN. It was found that the DCTN pattern rather than maximum tiller number or effective tiller ratio is the determinant factor of high PN. The DCTN pattern that affords more panicles exhibits a period of stable tillering peak between 30 and 45 days after transplant (called DT30 and DT45, respectively), which was believed as an ideal pattern contributing to the steady transition from tiller development to panicle development (ST-TtP). Consistently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) expressed near DT30-DT45 were especially critical to the rice DCTN and in supporting the ST-TtP. The spatio-temporal expression analysis showed that the expression pattern of keeping relatively high expression in root at 24:00 (R24-P2) from about DT30 to DT45 is a typical expression pattern of cloned tiller genes, and the candidate genes with R24-P2 can facilitate the prediction of PN. Moreover, gene OsSAUR27 was identified by an integrated approach combining GWAS, bi-parental QTL mapping and transcription. These findings related to the genetic basis underlying the DCTN will provide the genetic theory in making appropriate decisions on field management, and in developing new varieties with high PN and ideal dynamic plant architecture.

Background Migraine is defined as a recurrent headache of moderate to severe intensity that seriously affects the quality of life. Recent clinical trials have confirmed that acupuncture is effective in treating migraine. We aimed to review the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine by comparing treatment and various control groups in accordance with the newly published guidelines for systematic reviews. Materials and Methods The following databases were searched for relevant articles published from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019: Embase, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and four Chinese databases. The present review included randomized controlled trials in which acupuncture was the sole treatment or an adjunctive treatment for migraine. Two researchers independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment processes. Disagreements between reviewers were solved by discussion and data reanalysis. The quality of each included study was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment method and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) checklist. Results Forty-nine studies were analyzed and ranked based on the latest STRICTA and Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment standards. The analysis revealed that acupuncture reduced headache frequency compared with no treatment (mean difference [MD] = −1.80, P < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.34 to −1.26) and western medicine (MD = −1.75, P = 0.003, 95% CI −2.91 to −0.58). Headache frequency did not significantly differ between patients who received real acupuncture versus those who received sham acupuncture (MD = −0.64, P = 0.24, 95% CI −1.70 to 0.42). Conclusion The present review evaluated the current research on the use of acupuncture for migraine, compared with various control treatments. The evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture in controlling migraine is still limited due to the low quality of the published studies.

Electro-bioremediation is a promising technology for remediation of soil contaminated with persistent organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). During electro-bioremediation, electrical fields have been shown to increase pollutant degradation. However, it remains unclear whether there is an optimal strength for the electrical field applied that is conductive to the maximum role played by microbes. This study aimed to determine the optimal strength of electric field through the analysis of the effects of different voltages on the microbial community and activity. Four bench-scale experiments with voltages of 0, 1, 2 and 3 V cm−1 were conducted for 90 days in an aged PAH-contaminated soil. The spatiotemporal changes of the soil pH, moisture content and temperature, microbial biomass and community structure, and the degradation extent of PAHs were researched over 90 days. The results indicated that the total microbial biomass and degradation activity were highest at voltages of 2 V cm−1. The concentration of total phospholipid fatty acids, used to quantify soil microbial biomass, reached 65.7 nmol g−1 soil, and the mean degradation extent of PAHs was 44.0%. Similarly, the maximum biomass of actinomycetes, bacteria and fungus also occurred at the voltage of 2 V cm−1. The Gram-positive/Gram-negative and (cy17:0+cy 19:0)/(16:1ω7+18:1ω7) ratios also showed that the intensity of electric field and electrode reactions strongly influenced the microbial community structure. Therefore, to optimize the electro-bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil, the strength of electric field needs to be selected carefully. This work provides reference for the development of novel electrokinetically enhanced bioremediation processes.

As one of the main yield components, grain number per panicle (GNP) played critical role in the rice yield improvement. The identification of natural advantageous variations under different situations will promote the sustainable genetic improvement in rice yield. This study was designed to identify natural genotypes in a rice mini-core collection, to examine the genotypic effects across the indica and japonica genetic background in different environments, and excavating the superior genotypes that had drove the modern genetic improvement. The association mapping of GNP was carried out using a mini-core collection including 154 indica and 119 japonica accessions in seven different environments. Genotypic effects of each genotype for each QTL were calculated and genotype frequency distortion between the commercial rice cultivars and landraces was screened by χ2-test. In total, 74 QTLs containing stable and sensitive QTLs in various environments were detected. Within them, 20 positive and 24 negative genotypes in indica, and 24 positive and 16 negative genotypes in japonica were identified. When checking the accumulation of positive genotypes identified in indica across cultivars in each of the two subspecies, it indicated that increased number of positive genotypes identified in indica results in the substantially increased GNP in both indica and japonica across all of the environments, while this trend was not obvious for the positive genotypes identified in japonica especially in short day environments. Moreover, the positive and negative genotype frequency distortion between the landraces and commercial rice cultivars indicated that both positive selection of positive genotypes and negative selection of negative genotypes had driven the genetic improvement on GNP. Our findings suggested that the accumulation of positive genotypes and purifying negative genotypes played equivalently important roles in the improvement of rice yield, but the efficient use for some QTLs or genotypes depends on the comprehensive evaluation of their effect under diverse genetic backgrounds and environments.

In this study, gold nanorods (GNRs), uniformly coated with polydopamine (PDA), were developed as a multifunctional nanocarrier for targeted, pH, and near infrared (NIR) irradiation dual-stimuli triggered drug delivery. Doxorubicin (DOX), a hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drug, was conveniently and heavily loaded into the nanocarrier through π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions. It was further passivated by thiolated poly(ethylene glycol)-tumor homing peptides (NGR and TAT) to improve its cancer tissue penetrating, and accurate targeting ability. The developed NGR/TAT-DOX-PDA@GNRs could not only specifically and effectively deliver therapeutic agents to the tumor sites, but also facilitated controlled release of DOX, triggered via pH and near infrared light dual-stimuli. The studies of tumor cell ablation confirmed that this chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy offered superior therapeutic efficacy, improved chemosensitivity, and enhanced chemotherapeutic efficacy. Therefore, this combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy, based on NGR/TAT-DOX-PDA@GNRs, can maximize the therapeutic efficacy, and minimize the dosage-related adverse effects in cancer treatment.