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ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the feasibility and efficacy of posterior hemivertebra resection without internal fixation in the treatment of congenital scoliosis in very young children.MethodsSixteen cases of very young children with congenital scoliosis treated at our hospital from April 2000 to July 2019 were collected, including 8 cases of each sex, all of whom had type I/III congenital scoliosis and were operated on at a median (interquartile range) of 9.00 (7.75) months (range, 0.5–48 months) of age. All cases underwent posterior hemivertebra resection without internal fixation and wore orthopedic braces or plaster undershirts for more than six months after surgery, with a mean follow-up of 94.31 ± 65.63 months (range, 36–222 months).ResultsCoronal plane: the preoperative Cobb angle for the segmental curve was 39.50 ± 9.70° compared to postoperative (19.19 ± 8.56°) and last follow-up (14.94 ± 12.11°) (both P 0.05). There was a tendency for the thoracolumbar kyphosis to worsen and the lumbosacral kyphosis to improve during the follow-up period.ConclusionPosterior hemivertebra resection without internal fixation is a feasible treatment for type I/III congenital scoliosis in very young children, but the correction of the sagittal deformity of the thoracolumbar spine is not satisfactory, and postoperative external fixation may require further improvement.

[Objective] In order to provide a theoretical basis for the transformation and development of resource-based cities, the contraction states of different types of resource-based cities are revealed and their contraction tracks are simulated. [Methods] Taking 116 prefecture-level resource-based cities in China as the research object, the multi-dimensional shrinkage identification method was used to measure the shrinkage intensity of different types of cities, fit the shrinkage process, and analyze the evolution characteristics. [Results] (1) From 2000 to 2020, 56 resource-based cities in China will experience population contraction (48.28%), 42 will experience economic contraction (36.21%), and 26 of them will experience double population and economic contraction (22.41%). (2) In terms of development stage, the proportion of shrinkage in declining, mature and growing cities is higher, 65.22%, 63.49% and 60.00%, respectively. From the perspective of resource type, the shrinkage ratio of forestry, oil and gas and comprehensive resource-based cities is higher, and the shrinkage of forestry cities is particularly significant, 80% of cities have double shrinkage of population and economy. (3) Resource-based shrinking cities are mainly distributed in the north of Dandong and Panzhihua Line, and clustered in the northeast and Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Mongolia, and other regions. (4) There is a certain regularity in the evolution trajectory of resource-based shrinking cities, which can be divided into two categories: smart contraction and typical contraction, and the typical contraction is further subdivided into contraction appearance, contraction advancement and contraction significance. The number of cities whose trajectory type is contraction propulsion is the largest, accounting for 33.33%. The trajectory types of contraction were mainly concentrated in two types of cities, namely regeneration type (63%) and decline type (47%). [Conclusion] The dual-dimension measurement of population and economy can identify the contraction of resource-based cities more comprehensively, and the simulation and classification of contraction trajectories of different types of resource-based cities can provide references for the transformation and development of resource-based cities.

Abstract Aims Heritable dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or DCM associated with congenital or acquired left ventricular diseases carries a significant mortality risk. Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) has been proposed as an alternative to heart transplantation. This study aimed to delineate the clinical development, ventricular reverse remodelling, and functional regeneration of the dilated left ventricle, presenting as a pioneering approach in China. Methods and results This prospective study was initiated in November 2021, involving paediatric patients with a significant dilated left ventricle and preserved right ventricle who underwent surgical PAB. The baseline characteristics and clinical information during follow‐up were collected. Seven patients (five boys) with a median age of 240 (148, 1028) days have been included thus far. No procedural or follow‐up mortality was observed. The modified Ross functional class improved from treatment to follow‐up of 348 (200, 629) days, and the median left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 27.0 (15.0, 34.0) % before surgery to 61.0 (52.0, 68.0) % (P

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the pathology, classification, diagnosis, and surgical prognosis of UCMV.Methods and Results: Consecutive paediatric patients with ≥ moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS) were recruited between October 2016 and July 2020. UCMV was diagnosed and classified into three grades according to the involvement of chorda groups and MS presence or absence; other mitral lesions were included as controls. Of 207 eligible patients, 75 with UCMV (10.0 m [interquartile range (IQR): 6.0–21.5]) and 110 with other mitral lesions (16.0 m [IQR: 5.0–43.5]) were diagnosed using echocardiography and surgical exploration. The associated chorda groups of UCMV were confirmed to show high agreement between echocardiography and surgery (kappa = 0.857, p < 0.001). At baseline surgery assessment, the UCMV group exhibited worse New York Heart Association functional class, more severe MR and MS grades, and fewer associated complex anomalies (all, p < 0.05) than the control group. After a mean follow-up of 8.3 (IQR:2.7–14.4) months and adjustment for covariates, the UCMV group required longer cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic clamp times, but there were no differences in the incidence of adverse events (p = 0.584). Class III was associated with higher risk of adverse events than classes I and II (p = 0.002).Conclusions: The UCMV spectrum constitutes a primary pathogenesis of paediatric MV dysfunction, which can be optimally diagnosed using echocardiography. Classification based on mitral anatomy and dysfunction can predict the risk of postoperative adverse events.