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3. DNA barcoding reference libraries of Italian Plecoptera: a gap analysis.

Author

Laini, A., Fenoglio, S., and Bo, T.

Subjects
*GENETIC barcoding, *STONEFLIES, *RARE insects, *AQUATIC insects, *MOLECULAR biologists
Abstract

Plecoptera is a small order of aquatic insects that is considered one of the most endangered groups of insects due to increasingly altered freshwater ecosystems. Plecoptera nymphs can be challenging to identify at the species level because diagnostic characters for most species are lacking, while adults can be difficult to collect routinely given their short life span. Species identification by DNA barcoding is increasingly used as an alternative to morphological identification, but gaps and inaccuracies in reference databases needed for taxonomic assignment can undermine the utility of barcoding in real case studies. Here we aim to: i) quantify the number of Italian species of Plecoptera with barcodes from specimens collected worldwide and from Italy; ii) perform a regional assessment of DNA barcoding coverage; iii) calculate the intraspecific distance among available sequences to evaluate the potential presence of errors and cryptic species. As reference databases, we used both a non-curated database (BOLD) and a curated database (MIDORI2) to test the effect of sequence selection on the availability of reference sequences. We found that 67.6% and 51.8% of the Italian Plecoptera species were represented in BOLD and MIDORI2. Most of the available sequences were obtained from specimens collected outside Italy, with only 21.8% and 13.5% of the Italian species having sequences from specimens collected in Italy. Endemisms were poorly represented, and intraspecific distances for some species were high, which suggest cryptic diversity or erroneous assignments. Our results support the growing need to increase international cooperation among barcode initiatives and to promote the integration between molecular biologists and zoologists to exploit the full potential of DNA barcoding to protect biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Ecological notes on an endemic freshwater lamprey, Lampetra zanandreai (Vladykov, 1955).

Author

NEGRO, G., MARINO, A., FORTE, S., LO CONTE, P., BO, T., FENOGLIO, S., and VEZZA, P.

Subjects
LAMPREYS, HABITAT selection, LIFE cycles (Biology), FRESH water, RANDOM forest algorithms, RIVER channels
Abstract

Lampetra zanandreai (Vladykov, 1955) is a non-parasitic, freshwater lamprey endemic to the ancient Po basin. A few, mostly very dated studies have investigated some aspect of the biology of this lamprey, but surprisingly, despite it being considered a threatened species, information on its ecology is practically absent. Specifically, information about habitat preferences is generic and qualitative. Since most of the life cycle is spent in the fossorial larval stage, which is also the only one in which organisms feed, information about ecological requirements of ammocoetes is essential for any conservation strategy. In this study we provide the first data about physical habitat preferences for lamprey ammocoetes by analyzing their presence within sampled hydromorphological units (HMUs), following the approach of habitat attribute description of the MesoHABSIM (MesoHABitat SImulation Model) methodology. To explore the relationship between lamprey presence and HMU characteristics, a random forest (RF) model was developed and tested using data collected in five stream reaches of the Po basin (NW Italy). The final parsimonious RF model performed well in terms of accuracy (95.2%) and true skill statistic (90.4%), allowing us to identify the most significant mesohabitat attributes for the considered species. Furthermore, in the Ghiandone River, where the highest density and number of individuals were found, a granulometric analysis of the riverbed material was carried out. Results showed that selected strains of sand and fine gravel, with low organic content, are preferred by ammocoetes. To our knowledge, this is the first study exploring the habitat preference of this endangered species, listed in Annex II of the European Habitats Directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. Ecological notes on an endemic freshwater lamprey, Lampetra zanandreai(Vladykov, 1955)

Author

Negro, G., Marino, A., Forte, S., Lo Conte, P., Bo, T., Fenoglio, S., and Vezza, P.

Abstract

AbstractLampetra zanandreai(Vladykov, 1955) is a non-parasitic, freshwater lamprey endemic to the ancient Po basin. A few, mostly very dated studies have investigated some aspect of the biology of this lamprey, but surprisingly, despite it being considered a threatened species, information on its ecology is practically absent. Specifically, information about habitat preferences is generic and qualitative. Since most of the life cycle is spent in the fossorial larval stage, which is also the only one in which organisms feed, information about ecological requirements of ammocoetes is essential for any conservation strategy. In this study we provide the first data about physical habitat preferences for lamprey ammocoetes by analyzing their presence within sampled hydro-morphological units (HMUs), following the approach of habitat attribute description of the MesoHABSIM (MesoHABitat SImulation Model) methodology. To explore the relationship between lamprey presence and HMU characteristics, a random forest (RF) model was developed and tested using data collected in five stream reaches of the Po basin (NW Italy). The final parsimonious RF model performed well in terms of accuracy (95.2%) and true skill statistic (90.4%), allowing us to identify the most significant mesohabitat attributes for the considered species. Furthermore, in the Ghiandone River, where the highest density and number of individuals were found, a granulometric analysis of the riverbed material was carried out. Results showed that selected strains of sand and fine gravel, with low organic content, are preferred by ammocoetes. To our knowledge, this is the first study exploring the habitat preference of this endangered species, listed in Annex II of the European Habitats Directive.

Published
2023
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14. Change does not happen overnight: a case study on stream macroinvertebrates

Author

Guareschi S., Laini A., Fenoglio S., Paveto M., and Bo T.

Subjects
aquatic ecology, diel cycle, lotic systems, aggregation, benthic invertebrates, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

The influence of day/night conditions on individual animal/plant species has been widely studied, but diel cycle studies of the entire stream macroinvertebrate community are extremely rare. This study explored potential dissimilarities between daytime and nighttime macroinvertebrate assemblages by extensive fieldwork conducted in the Lemme stream, a natural water course of NW Italy. Here numerous structural and functional metrics (richness, abundance, biomass, indicator taxa, composition, biomonitoring values and feeding groups) were evaluated at the family level. Small-scale environmental variables were investigated to understand possible differences between macroinvertebrate assemblages in the daytime/nighttime. After collecting and identifying 21 459 organisms of 50 taxa, Chironomidae (Diptera) was the most abundant under both day and night conditions. Our findings stressed that similar results and biological information on daytime/nighttime data were obtained. No marked differences could be related to various factors: heterotrophic condition of small-order streams, presence of aquatic predators under night and day conditions, absence of taxa with a specific phototaxis. Of all the environmental variables, velocity was always the most important in both situations, with some differences detected in the importance of the second variable (riverbed substrate diameter). This research, and future studies on different conditions and geographic areas, will contribute knowledge on stream macroinvertebrate diel activity, and provide useful information about efficient sampling strategies.

Published
2016
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15. Night-time measurements highly relevant for assessing stream CO2 fluxes: a Cross-European study

Author

Attermeyer, K., Audet, J., Barral Fraga, L., Basic, T., Bednarik, A., Busst, G., Casas Ruiz, J. P., Catalan, N., sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Colls, M., Eyto, E., Deininger, A., Doretto, A., Doyle, B. C., Evtimova, V., Fenoglio, S., Fletcher, D., Fonvielle, J. A., Freixa, A., Fuss, T., Gilbert, P., Guttman Roberts, C., Herrero Ortega, S., Kenderov, L. A., Klaus, M., Ledesma, J. L. J., Lianqiu Liu, Mendoza Lera, C., Monteiro, J., Mor, J. R., Nagler, M., Niedrist, G. H., Noss, C., Nydahl, A. C., Pansch, N., Amandine Pastor, Pegg, J., Pilotto, F., Portela, A. P., Gonzalez Quijano, C. R., Romero, F., Rulik, M., Danny Sheath, Simov, N., Timoner, X., Bodmer, P., LIMNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY AND GENETICS UPPSALA UNIVERSITY SWE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), WASSERCLUSTER LUNZ AUSTRIA, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), INSTITUTE OF AQUATIC ECOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GIRONA ESP, DEPARTMENT OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES BOURNEMOUTH UNIVERSITY FERN BARROW POOLE DORSET GBR, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences [Univ Palacký], Faculty of Science [Univ Palacký], Palacky University Olomouc-Palacky University Olomouc, RESOURCES AND ECOSYSTEMS CATALAN INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH GIRONA ESP, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), MARINE INSTITUTE FURNACE NEWPORT CO MAYO IRELAND GBR, DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE UMEA UNIVERSITY SWE, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology [University of Turin], University of Turin, CENTRE FOR FRESHWATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES DUNDALK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CO LOUTH IRELAND GBR, DEPARTMENT OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS INSTITUTE OF BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SOFIA BGR, DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION UNIVERSITY OF PIEMONTE ORIENTALE ALESSANDRIA ITALY, EXPERIMENTAL LIMNOLOGY LEIBNIZINSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES STECHLIN DEU, ECOSYSTEMS AND GLOBAL CHANGE GROUP DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE GBR, ECOHYDROLOGY LEIBNIZ-INSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES BERLIN DEU, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF HIGHLANDS AND ISLANDS THURSO SCOTLAND GBR, DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL AND APPLIED HYDROBIOLOGY SOFIA UNIVERSITY ST. KLIMENT OHRIDSKI BULGARIA, INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF KOBLENZLANDAU LANDAU DEU, CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES FACULTY OF SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF LISBON PRT, DEPARTMENT OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA ESP, MICROBIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK AUT, RIVER ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA, RESEARCH CENTER IN BIODIVERSITY AND GENETIC RESOURCES FACULTY OF SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF PORTO PRT, INSTITUTE OF GLOBAL HEALTH FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA CHE, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SOFIA BGR, and CHEMICAL ANALYTICS AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LEIBNIZINSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES BERLIN DEU

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Globally, streams represent major CO2 emitters, accounting for approximately 70% of the total flux from inland waters. Hence, a proper understanding of carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and emissions from streams is crucial for accurately estimating aquatic global carbon emissions. However, diurnal dynamics of these fluxes are still not comprehensively quantified, contributing to a high uncertainty in regional and global carbon budgets. Within the EuroRun project, the 1st Collaborative European Freshwater Science Project for Young Researchers, we aimed to assess spatial and seasonal variability of day- and night-time CO2 fluxes of 34 streams across 11 European countries. CO2 fluxes were measured with drifting flux chambers once per season at midday and midnight. The median CO2 fluxes during the day amounted to 1.4 µmol m-2 h-1 (IQR 0.5 to 3.1) and during the night to 2.1 µmol m-2 h-1 (IQR 0.95 to 3.75). The CO2 fluxes during night exceeded those during day by up to eight times. Interestingly, these differences occurred throughout all seasons and showed no latitudinal patterns. Our results highlight the importance of night-time fluxes to accurately assess CO2 fluxes from streams. As most studies are performed during the day, our survey indicates that global carbon budgets are currently underestimating the amount of CO2 released by streams.

Published
2019

16. Distribution and abundance of methagenic and methatrophic microorganisms across European streams

Author

Nagler, M., Praeg, N., Niedrist, G., Attermeyer, K., Bednarik, A., Bors, C., Catalan, N., sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Colls, M., Eyto, E., Doyle, B., Evtimova, V., Fenoglio, S., Freixa, A., Fuss, T., Gaffney, P., Gilbert, P., Gutmann Roberts, C., Herrero Ortega, S., Kenderov, L., Klaus, M., Lamonica, D., Machalett, B., Mor, J. R., Nydahl, A., Pegg, J., Piano, E., Pilotto, F., Romero, F., Romero Gonzalez Quijano, C., Rulik, M., Steinle, L., Thuile Bistarelli, L., Bodmer, P., UNIVERSITAT INNSBRUCK AUT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), WASSERCLUSTER LUNZ LUNZ AM SEE AUT, Palacky University Olomouc, UNIVERSITY OF KOBLENZLANDAU LANDAU IN DER PFALZ DEU, CATALAN INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEACH GIRONA ESP, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), THE MARINE INSTITUTE NEWPORT IRL, DUNDALK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DUNDALK IRL, BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SOFIA BGR, UNIVERSITA DEL PIEMONTE ORIENTALE ALESSANDRIA ITA, LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES BERLIN DEU, University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI), Bournemouth University [Poole] (BU), SOFIA UNIVERSITY ST KLIMENT OHRIDSKI BGR, UMEA UNIVERSITY SWE, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Uppsala University, SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY MAKHANDA ZAF, SENCKENBERG RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM FRANKFURT GELNHAUSEN DEU, and University of Basel (Unibas)

Subjects
EUROPE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Globally, streams and rivers emit a significant amount of methane, a highly potent greenhouse gas. However, little is known about stream sediment microbial communities, driving the net methane balance in these systems, especially on their distribution and composition at large spatial scales. Within the project Euro Methane we investigated the diversity and abundance of methanogenic archaea and methane-oxidizing bacteria across 16 European streams (from northern Spain to central Sweden) via 16S rRNA sequencing and qPCR. We determined environmental drivers of both abundance and community composition and explored the link to measured potential methane production and oxidation rates of the respective sediments. We found that the community composition of methane-oxidizing bacteria significantly differed among the studied streams, while methanogenic archaea were more homogeneously distributed. Beyond the overall diversity trends, indicator species for stream types were identified. Methanogenic Methanosaeta sp. and methane-oxidizing Methyloglobulus sp. increased with geographical latitude and dominated in headwater streams (orders 1-3) with high oxygen levels and high proportions of pristine land within the catchment, while methanogenic Methanomethylovorans sp. and methane-oxidizing Methylocaldum spp. were more common in larger streams (orders 4-6) with higher discharge and agricultural influence. Potential methane production rates significantly increased with abundance of methanogenic archaea, while potential methane oxidation rates did not show significant correlations with methane oxidizing bacteria, presumably due to the more diverse physiological capabilities of this microbial group. Our study represents a holistic large-scale biogeographical overview of two microbial groups to enhance our understanding of the methane cycle within a heretofore understudied ecosystem.

Published
2019

21. Longitudinal gradient of CPOM degradation in the Po river (NW Italy)

Author

Gruppuso, L., Doretto, A., Rappocciolo, M., Receuver, J., Benbow, M. E., Bona, F., and Fenoglio, S.

Subjects
riverbed drying, CPOM degradation, CPOM degradation, longitudinal gradient, riverbed drying, Alpine rivers, Alpine rivers, longitudinal gradient
Published
2019

31. Increased sediment loads in alpine streams: an integrated field study

Author

Bona, Francesca, Doretto, Alberto, Falasco, Elisa, La Morgia, V., Piano, Elena, Ajassa, Roberto, and Fenoglio, S.

Subjects
autochthonous inputs, rock quarries, allochthonous inputs, autochthonous inputs, diatoms, fine sediments, macroinvertebrates, path analysis, rock quarries, macroinvertebrates, path analysis, fine sediments, allochthonous inputs, diatoms
Published
2016

34. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities as indicators of river environment quality: an experience in Nicaragua

Author

Fenoglio, S., Badino, G., and Francesca Bona

Subjects
biotic indexes, benthic macroinvertebrates, biological monitoring, Nicaragua, Fresh Water, Invertebrates, lcsh:Biology (General), Benthic macroinvertebrates, Animals, Biomass, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Biotic indexes are one of severas types of measures that are routinely used in biological monitoring in temperate streams and offer interesting possibilities to assess the environmental quality of rivers in the neotropics. Macroinvertebrate communities of seven southeastern Nicaraguan streams were monitored and seven ecological indexes were applied. The results suggest that information from the Indice Biótico Esteso (I.B.E.) is closely correlated to the results of other methods, but the I.B.E. index is easier to apply as well as avoiding high costs and time-consuming procedures. A calibration of the method is necessary for rapid assessment approaches in the neotropics.Los índices bióticos representan una topología de medidas que se emplea rutinariamente en el control biológico de los ambientes lóticos templados: ellos ofrecen también interesantes posibilidades en el área neotropical. Para evaluar la calidad ambiental de algunos ríos de Nicaragua, investigamos las comunidades macrobentónicas y aplicamos siete índices ecológicos. Los resultados sugieren que el índice I.B.E. se relaciona fuertemente a los otros índices, pero permite ahorrar costos y tiempo. Una calibración del método sería necesaria para obtener un método de valoración rápida de la calidad ambiental de los ríos de Centro América.

Published
2002
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37. Trophic behaviour of the dragonfly Cordulegaster boltoni (Insecta: Odonata) in small creeks in NW Italy

Author

Bo, T., Fenoglio, S., Manuel Jesús López Rodríguez, and Tierno Figueroa, J. M.

Subjects
fungi, parasitic diseases, Artikkelit
Abstract

The order Odonata comprises many predaceous species that inhabit aquatic systems, and a few that are restricted to flowing waters. Cordulegaster boltoni is a widespread Odonata in Europe, which usually inhabits small lotic systems. In this study we analysed the gut contents of C. boltoni immature stages, collected in the Rocchetta Tanaro Natural Park (Italy, Piemonte). Two hundred and eleven individuals were collected, and their diet analyzed by dissection or clearing. Larvae appeared to be opportunistic predators, feeding on a variety of prey. Aquatic insects dominated their diet, while crustaceans, annelids, molluscs and terrestrial invertebrates were sporadically observed in the gut contents. An ontogenetic shift in the diet was detected, as small larvae consumed different prey than large ones. Our study suggests that C. boltoni is one of the dominant predators in the benthic communities of lowland small order streams of Piemonte, which, because of their environmental characteristics, are devoid of fish and stoneflies.

Published
2012

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