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BackgroundEarly recovery is a performance indicator of quality care for children under five admitted due to severe acute malnutrition (SAM) at therapeutic feeding centers. Despite the available interventions to tackle such nutritional problems, there is limited information on the time to recovery and its predictors among children with severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia, more particularly in the study setting.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months admitted to the therapeutic feeding center (TFC) of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HFCSH), eastern Ethiopia, from 1st September 2019 to 1st March 012024.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at the therapeutic feeding center of HFCSH among a randomly selected sample of 349 patients with severe acute malnutrition who were undergoing therapeutic feeding. Data were collected using a data abstraction tool and then stored in Epi-data version 4.6 and STATA version 17.0 statistical software. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, median survival times, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to report the findings of this study. After performing the Cox proportional hazards regression, the model goodness of fit and assumptions were checked. Finally, the association between independent variables and the time to recovery in days was assessed using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, and the variables with a p-value

Introduction One of the global strategic direction and policy priorities in 2021 through 2025 is preservice education of nurses. Even though, quality education is the foundation to produce competent health workers, ensuring the competence of the health professionals is as imperative as maximizing their number. This study aims to fill the literature gap among nursing students in public universities. Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of clinical practice competence and its associated factors among graduating BSc nursing students in public universities from July 15 to August 15, 2022. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected public universities in eastern Ethiopia. A total of 143 students were systematically selected to fill out the questionnaire through multistage sampling. Frequency, mean, and standard deviations of independent variables and proportion of clinical practice competence were analyzed using descriptive statistics. AOR with a p -value of

Abstract Background Optimizing the performance level of nursing staff is crucial for the efficient functioning of hospitals and better patient health outcomes. However, published data on the job performance levels and associated factors of nurses in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the job performance and associated factors of nurses working in adult emergency departments at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 25 to April 25, 2023, among 172 nurses working in the adult emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested, self-administered structured questionnaires. Data were coded, entered into Epi-data version 4.6, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Service Solution (SPSS) Version 27.0.1 software. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics, including mean, frequency, and standard deviation. A binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine factors associated with the performance of nurses. The strength of the association was measured using an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a P-value

Abstract Introduction Child marriage is a union before the age of 18 and a violation of human right. Around 21% of young women in the world married before reaching the age of 18. Every year, 10 million girls under the age of 18 are married. Child marriage causes lifetime suffering, and its abolition was one component of the Sustainable Development Goal to achieve gender equality and empower women and girls. However; abolition of child marriage by 2030 will not happen because its prevalence in the community has remained stable. Objective To assess the prevalence of child marriage and its associated factors among reproductive-age women from March 7 to April 5, 2022 in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 7 to April 5, 2022 among the reproductive age group in the Harari Region state, Eastern Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to find study participants. Data were obtained by face-to-face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, input into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using Stata version 16. The proportion with 95% confidence interval (CI) and the summery measure were used to report the prevalence. A multivariable logistic regression analysis model was used to examine associated factors, and the results were provided as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval. Result In this study 986 were responded to the interview, making response rate of 99.6%. The median age of study participants was 22 years. The prevalence of child marriage was 33.7% [95% CI: 30.8–36.7] in this study. Being a Muslim (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.26, 4.19), diploma or higher level of education (AOR = 0.26, 95%CI = .10, 0.70), rural residence (AOR = 5.39, 95% CI = 3.71, 7.82), a marriage arranged by others (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.49, 4.82) and not knowing legal age of marriage (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI = 2.57, 7.85) were significantly associated with child marriage. Conclusion According to this report, nearly one out of every three women engages in child marriage. The practice was more common among those with lower educational attainment, those who lived in rural areas, people who were unaware of the legal age of marriage, and those whose engagement was decided by others. Focusing on strategies that allow for intervention in these factors is beneficial in ending child marriage, which has a direct and indirect impact on women's health and educational achievement.

BackgroundMalaria is a major public health problem in many developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The pregnant woman, fetus, and newborn infant are all at risk from malaria during pregnancy. Hence, insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) use is the most effective and advisable method for preventing malaria during pregnancy. Studies on the prevalence of ITN utilization among pregnant women in Ethiopia are inconsistently reported and highly varied. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of ITN utilization and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google, and Google Scholar was performed to find studies conducted in Ethiopia. All original observational studies that reported the prevalence of ITN utilization were identified and screened. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. Data were extracted in Microsoft Excel 2010 format and analyzed using STATA Version 14. A random-effect meta-analysis model was utilized to estimate the pooled prevalence of ITN utilization. The statistical heterogeneity was checked using the I2 test and subgroup analysis. The publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression test. The size of the pooled effect of the factors influencing the use of ITNs was estimated using an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a P-value

Abstract Background Workplace violence is one of the global health concerns. Although nurses are the backbone of the health care provision, they are highly subjected to workplace violence in healthcare. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of evidence on the extent of workplace violence against nurses in Ethiopia in general and Eastern Ethiopia in particular. Hence, this study aimed to assess the extent of workplace violence against nurses and its associated factors among nurse professionals working at public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Methods Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 603 nurses working in public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Nurses were recruited using a simple random sampling method at their workplace (health facilities). A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to declare significant association. Results Among the 620 estimated sample, 603(97.3%) of the nurses gave consent and completed the self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of workplace violence against nurse professionals in the last 12 months was 64.0% (95%CI: 60.2–67.7%). Nurses who were working in surgical (AOR: 2.30, 95%CI: 1.01–5.26), psychiatric (AOR: 3.06, 95%CI: 1.11–8.46), emergency (AOR: 3.62, 95%CI: 1.46–8.98), and medical wards (AOR: 5.20, 95%CI: 2.40–11.27); being worried of workplace violence (AOR: 1.71, 95%CI: 1.09–2.69); witnessed of physical workplace violence (AOR: 5.31, 95%CI: 3.28–8.59); claimed “absence/not-aware” of reporting procedure on workplace violence (AOR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.45–3.46); and claimed “absence/not-aware” of institutional policies against workplace violence (AOR: 2.68, 95%CI: 1.73–4.13) were factors associated with nurses’ experience of workplace violence in eastern Ethiopia. Conclusions Workplace violence against nurses was found to be unacceptably high in the study area (eastern Ethiopia). We suggest that stakeholders could work on early risk identification and management of violent incidents, establish violence reporting and sanction mechanisms using contextual strategies to prevent workplace violence against nurse professionals.

BackgroundCommon mental disorders are highly prevalent in the population, affecting people across all regions of the world. In Ethiopia, mental disorders are the leading non-communicable disorders. World Health Organization (WHO) report shows that 4,480,113 (4.7%) and 3,139,003 (3.3%) people in Ethiopia are estimated to suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively. However, there are only limited studies conducted on common mental disorders in Africa including Ethiopia. Even if there was a previous study conducted among Harari regional state residents 7 years back, nowadays there are many possible factors that could increase the prevalence of common mental disorders in the community like the novel coronavirus pandemic, ethnic war, and current socio-economic crises in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult residents of Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to March 30, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 1,192 study participants. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. A common mental disorder was assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire of 20-Item (SRQ-20) questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.2 and exported to Stata Version 16 for analysis. The multivariable binary logistic regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval and p

Abstract Background Urinary catheterization is one of the most common procedures performed in hospitals specifically, in the intensive care units and is associated with a high risk for acquired urinary tract infections. More than 70% of acquired urinary tract infections are due to catheter use. Nurses are the primary healthcare providers responsible for inserting and maintaining urinary catheters. The data regarding nurses’ knowledge, practice and associated factors towards prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections are limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, practice, and associated factors of nurses towards prevention of catheter-associated UTIs in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 15, 2021, among nurses working in the ICU of public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All 204 nurses working in the ICU of four public hospitals were included in the study using the census sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data were cleaned and entered into Epi data version 4.6 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.0. Pearson Chi-square and Fischer exact tests were performed to see the association between independent and dependent variables. The level of significance is considered at P-value less than 0.05. Results A total of 184 nurses participated in the study, making a response rate of 90.2%. The mean (±SD) age of the study participant was 29.07(±4.78). The study findings showed that more than half (63.04%) of nurses had poor knowledge and 88(47.83%) of nurses had poor practice towards prevention of catheter-associated UTIs. In this study, there was a statistically significant association between professional work experience and nurses’ knowledge in preventing catheter-associated UTIs (at P-value = 0.031). Conclusion In this study, nurses’ knowledge and practice towards the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection was relatively poor. Professional work experience had a significant statistical association with the level of knowledge. Therefore, increasing the knowledge of nurses through appropriate educational programs and training on the preventive measures of device-associated infections was recommended to prevent catheter-associated UTIs.

BackgroundPsychoactive substance use becomes a major public health and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Despite its burden and consequences, there is no community-based study conducted on psychoactive substance use and associated factors in eastern Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of current alcohol, tobacco, and khat among adults living in Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 955 adults living in Harari regional state. Participants were randomly recruited using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 14.0 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the outcome and independent variables, and the statistical significance was declared at a p < 0.5.ResultsOf 955 eligible participants, 95.29% participated in the study. The overall prevalence of current alcohol use, tobacco use, and khat use in this study was 8.24, 14.5, and 63.30%, respectively. The availability of alcohol, being unemployed, and being a current khat user were significantly associated with current alcohol use. Being male, having a low level of education, having peer pressure, having a common mental disorder, being a current alcohol user, and being a khat user were identified as significant predictors for current tobacco use. The age between 31 and 40 years, being a Muslim religion follower, being a farmer, being a current tobacco user, and availability of khat were significantly associated with current khat use.Conclusion and recommendationsThe prevalence of psychoactive substance use in the study area was relatively high compared with that of previous studies. By considering these determinants, screening, early identification, and developing appropriate intervention strategies to prevent and tackle current alcohol, tobacco, and khat use in the community should be of great concern.

Introduction:Although the Practice of traditional medicine is accorded great importance worldwide, it seems to face a notable challenge. A notable challenge is the lack of a reference standard for determining the appropriate utilization of traditional medicine for patients. There is little evidence about the usual utilized traditional medicine in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess practice of traditional medicine and associated factors among residents in Eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 20, 2022 to February 20, 2022. About 818 study participants were recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 computer software. The association between an outcome variable and independent variables was assessed using binary logistic regression and the strength of association was presented using Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultA total of 803 participants were included in the final analysis with a 98.2 % response rate. From the total study participants, 563 (70.1%) [95%CI: 66.8–73.3] had used traditional medicine in the past 6 months. Factors such as being farmer [AOR = 1.06; 95%CI: (1.03–3.7)], having a diploma degree or higher [AOR = 3.2, 95% CI (1.4–7.3)] and having no history of chronic disease [AOR = 0.21; 95% CI: (0.1–0.5)] were significantly associated traditional medicine practice.ConclusionThe proportion of traditional medicine practice was high. The most commonly utilized traditional medicines were Damakase, Tenadam, Zingibil and Erate. A national health policy should give a great emphasize on rational utilization of traditional medicine.