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Although inherently unstable, existing research in rotating detonation combustion supports its application in notionally steady processes resulting in greater availability compared to conventional, constant pressure combustion. Further improvements rely on a more in-depth understanding of system losses and identifying conditions which optimize device performance. Within this study, the presence and proportion of ideal and nonideal combustion regimes are compared across a variety of process conditions and wave modes. Large-scale data analysis seeks to summarize proportional heat release associated with commensal, parasitic, and detonative combustion averaged across individual traces of OH* chemiluminescent data acquired at the detonation plane. Means of regime partitioning based on the anatomy of the time-resolved OH* signal are proposed to ensure consistent analysis throughout the current and future studies concerning combustion regimes. Of particular interest is the possible influence of wave on the nonideal combustion in relative proportion to the desired detonation. Results showed improved percent detonation with increasing significance for the following trends: decreasing equivalence ratio, increasing wave count, decreasing wave velocity, and increasing detonation time. Increased wave number, brought on by decreased equivalence ratios and wave velocities, is thought to decrease fill region surface area, and therefore, decrease nonideal contact burning. Additional analysis is performed to consider possible trend variation due to the presence of stable galloping waves, which were found to have minimal influence on relative percent detonation values. The outcome of this study suggests operational states, which correspond to increased wave quantities for increased proportions of reactants consumed by the targeted detonative combustion regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes a patient with severe (11-mm) mandibular anterior crowding who received periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) nonextraction treatment, showing 5-year follow-up. A 15-year-old female presented with severe dental crowding, Angle Class I skeletal and molar relationships and a Class II canine relationship, and excessive overjet and overbite. Following fixed-appliance placement (0.022-inch, MBT prescription), full-thickness periosteal flaps beyond the tooth apices were raised bilaterally from the second molars in both arches, and selective decortication of cortical bone was performed on the facial and lingual sides using a surgical tool. Bone grafting material, comprised of a mixture of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and bovine bone (Bio Oss, Geistlich), was placed at the corticotomy sites. The patient was seen every 2 weeks after the surgery for orthodontic adjustments; the total active orthodontic treatment time was 9 months. Limits of tooth movement (the scope of treatment) were increased by the bone-graft augmentation. At the 5-year follow-up, cephalometric comparisons to baseline conditions showed dramatic incisor changes and stable dentoalveolar effects. This case demonstrates the efficacy of PAOO as a useful adjunct orthodontic strategy for adult patients who require treatment of severe crowding, ie, treatment that would be considered unreasonable if conventional orthodontics were employed. When conventional orthodontics cannot achieve the treatment goal and orthognathic surgery is not feasible, PAOO expands the scope of conventional orthodontic treatment in the adult 2-fold to 3-fold in most spatial dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]