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The thyroid nodule is frequent in the clinical practice as in the surgical one. The treatment offering better possibilities seems to be hemithyroidectomy for benign unilateral tumours and total thyroidectomy for malignancies, with lymphadenectomy in case of ganglion metastasis; which are surgeries with little morbidity when carried out by experienced surgeons. The postsurgical suppressive treatment with thyroid hormones can stop the tumorous progress, can induce the metastasis regression and can increase survival. On the other hand, in the recurrent and metastatic tumours which fix no iodine, the external radiotherapy and the auxiliary chemotherapy are used. Taking into account that thyroid malignant neoplasias are potentially curable and free of sequels, some approaches are exposed on this respect in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive, observational and longitudinal study of 478 patient discharged with the histopathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis who had been operated by means of videolaparoscopic apendicectomy, in the General Surgery Service of "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Provincial Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out during the five year period 2008-2012, aimed at identifying the particularities of this surgery type. The 21-30 years males, classified as ASA 2, according to the preoperative physical examination, the festered appendicitis as histopathological diagnosis, the clinical course between 24-48 hours, the surgical time 30-60 minutes and the average of hospital stay 4,6 days prevailed in the series. The most frequent postoperative complications turned out to be the infections of the surgical site and the intraabdominal abscesses. The conversion index was 5.7% and there were no deaths. The systematic videolaparoscopic surgery is a save procedure in patients with acute appendicitis in any phase of the clinical course during the morbid process, with scarce postoperative morbidity and short hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An observational, descriptive and longitudinal study of 37 patients operated from colon cancer was made, with healing intention, in "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during the period 2006-2012 who presented tumorous recurrence diagnosed in the out-patient department, by means of an outline of postoperative follow up during a five year period or more, with the aim of identifying some factors associated to the survival. Among the main results of the series, it was obtained that the local-regional tumorous recurrence was predominant and the new surgery together with the adjuvant chemotherapy caused a greater survival in comparison to the one reached when using just chemical agents. On the other hand, most of the affected patients reached a survival no longer than one year, taking into account the interval from the diagnosis to death, and when concluding the study there was a mortality of 62.2%, whose most frequent cause was the tumorous recurrence itself. It could be concluded that surgeries were essentially palliative, although the diagnosis was in correspondence to the early detection during the period of postoperative follow up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the incidence of nodular disease and thyroid cancer increases ever more. Objective: to identify the results of the diagnosis and surgical treatment in those affected by these clinical entities. Methods: an applied observational, descriptive and longitudinal study was carried out in 204 patients operated on for nodular thyroid disorders in the General Surgery Department of "Saturnino Lora Torres" Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital of Santiago de Cuba during the five year period 2007-2011. Results: nodular lesions predominated in women and malignant tumor accounted for 34.3% of the series. The fine-needle aspiration cytology showed low sensitivity, besides appropriate specificity and diagnostic certainty. The intraoperative frozen biopsy was not available and imprint cytology was not performed in all operated patients. Furthermore, postoperative complications and dysphonia in particular were related to cancer, radical surgery and reoperations. There was only one dead, for a mortality of 0.5%. Conclusions: diagnostic methods were not effective in the peroperative differentiation of the nature of nodules, for which it was determined that the presence of a cytopathologist is essential to increase the accuracy in diagnostic studies and avoid unnecessary reoperations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Bacterial contamination is the essential requirement for the occurrence of postoperative infections, with adverse social and economic implications, thus increasing the use of antibiotics. Objective: To identify different factors related to the use of antibiotics in patients with postoperative infections. Methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study on the use of antibiotics was carried out in 207 patients, who underwent major surgery and presented with postoperative infections, attended in the Department of General Surgery of "Saturnino Lora" Provincial Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba during the triennium 2008-2010. Results: Superficial incisional infections predominated, followed by those located in organ and space. In the preoperative period antibiotics were used in two-thirds of the series and in the postoperative period in all who had this complication. Microbiological studies had 96.3% of positivity and the most commonly isolated germs were: Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusions: The occurrence of postoperative infections is related to the proliferation of Gram-negative organisms. The policy of rational use of antibiotics with prophylactic and therapeutic purposes, related to the circulation of hospital germs and resistance pattern, is considered adequate, but a standardized protocol should be implemented for its application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]