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Suicidal behavior is result of the interaction of several contributors, including genetic and environmental factors. The integration of approaches considering the polygenic component of suicidal behavior, such as polygenic risk scores (PRS) and DNA methylation is promising for improving our understanding of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors in this behavior. The aim of this study was the evaluation of DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality. The present study was divided into two phases. In the first phase, genotyping with the Psycharray chip was performed in a discovery sample of 568 Mexican individuals, of which 149 had suicidal behavior (64 individuals with suicidal ideation, 50 with suicide attempt and 35 with completed suicide). Then, a PRS analysis based on summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium was performed in the discovery sample. In a second phase, we evaluated DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality in a sub-sample of the discovery sample (target sample) of 94 subjects. We identified 153 differentially methylated sites between individuals with low and high-PRS. Among genes mapped to differentially methylated sites, we found genes involved in neurodevelopment (CHD7, RFX4, KCNA1, PLCB1, PITX1, NUMBL) and ATP binding (KIF7, NUBP2, KIF6, ATP8B1, ATP11A, CLCN7, MYLK, MAP2K5). Our results suggest that genetic variants might increase the predisposition to epigenetic variations in genes involved in neurodevelopment. This study highlights the possible implication of polygenic burden in the alteration of epigenetic changes in suicidal behavior.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre as manifestações do brincar na fase adulta e sua relevância. Para tanto, foi realizado um ensaio teórico, que consiste em levantamento bibliográfico e, por meio do qual se desenvolve um texto de reflexão, discutido através da abordagem psicanalítica. O percurso teórico realizado permite inferir que o brincar na vida adulta manifesta-se a partir da criatividade originária, uma tendência inata que necessita de um ambiente favorável para se manifestar e se desenvolver. As manifestações do brincar na fase adulta se dão por meio do senso de humor, na flexão da voz, na expressão facial, na escolha de palavras. Além disso, usufrui-se do brincar por meio de experiências culturais, festas folclóricas e populares, contos urbanos, jogos, e outras experiências de relação interpessoal. Conclui-se que o brincar é essencial para um viver verdadeiro na fase adulta, com espontaneidade e em sociedade.

Objetivo: Este artigo visa abordar as diferentes facetas da vulnerabilidade do paciente idoso durante a pandemia por COVID-19, com foco nos impactos biologicos, psicologicos e sociais da doenca. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliografica utilizando os descritores “SARSCov-2” OU “COVID-19” E “ELDERLY PATIENT” e os resultados foram agrupados de acordo com as tematicas apresentadas nos artigos. Resultados: A analise da literatura publicada sobre a pandemia demonstra que as politicas de isolamento social dos idosos precisam estar alinhadas as acoes de saude e assistencia social para dar conta da diversidade de necessidades destes pacientes. Conclusao: E necessario, portanto, manter o foco na prevencao da COVID-19 aliada a outras demandas preventivas da saude fisica e emocional dos idosos durante pandemias.

Background Suicidal behavior may be divided into completed suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation. It has been suggested that these behaviors represent a continuum and result from the interaction of several contributors, including genetic and environmental factors. The integration of approaches considering the polygenic component of suicidal behavior, such as polygenic risk scores (PRS) and DNA methylation is promising for improving our understanding of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors in this behavior. The aim of this study was the evaluation of DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality. Methods The present study was divided into two phases. In the first phase, genotyping with the Psycharray chip was performed in a discovery sample of 568 Mexican individuals, of which 149 had suicidal behavior (64 individuals with suicidal ideation, 50 with suicide attempt and 35 with completed suicide) and 419 non-suicide controls. Then, a PRS analysis based on summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium was performed in the discovery sample. In a second phase, we evaluated DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality in a sub-sample of the discovery sample (target sample) of 94 subjects. Methylation profile from individuals in the target sample was assessed with the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip. Results We identified 153 differentially methylated sites between individuals with low and high-PRS. From these, 91 sites were hypermethylated and 62 hypomethylated in the high PRS group relative to low PRS group. Among genes mapped to differentially methylated sites, we found genes involved in neurodevelopment and ATP binding. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first study integrating polygenic risk scores and DNA methylation in suicidality. Our results suggest that genetic variants might increase the predisposition to epigenetic variations in genes involved in neurodevelopment. This study highlights the possible implication of polygenic burden in the alteration of epigenetic changes in suicidal behavior.

Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2019-08-16T19:22:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_FernandaRealDotto.pdf: 4470673 bytes, checksum: 7d32f533e908b6314cc9f44d6a12e37f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-16T19:22:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_FernandaRealDotto.pdf: 4470673 bytes, checksum: 7d32f533e908b6314cc9f44d6a12e37f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-02-28 Introduction: The writing and the development of this dissertation are committed to the training of professionals in education, psychology and also with family caregivers of infants and children in early childhood, making an invitation to reflect on the emotional needs of infants and children and the role of adults in this setting. The focus of the dissertation is on the transformation of educational and family scenarios, for the satisfactory care of the child, through respectful and non-violent relationships. It is believed that by encouraging the recognition of caring adults and educators about the emotional needs of children and thinking about alternatives for managing difficult situations, one has the opportunity to attend maternal and child health and positively impact society. Access to information for building knowledge becomes effective in different ways. In the last decade, in particular, with the emergence and expansion of the reach of social and virtual networks, it is also seen the increase of people who search for information on the most diverse subjects through short videos available in online platforms. Attentive to this movement, experts from the most varied areas have produced reliable and quality content to make available to the population. The production of videos on the emotional development of young children fits into this perspective, considering that family members responsible for children and educators can access them, virtually or through the free distribution of their DVD´s. Overall objective: Produce videos for families and educators on the process of maturing the baby and the young child, with an emphasis on emotional aspects. Specific objectives: To discuss, theoretically, the skills and competences required for children's educators and their interaction with the family, with special attention to the emotional needs of infants and young children in day-care centers; To analyze the demands of educators and family members responsible for children in early childhood education on the emotional development of children; To select the psychoanalytic and Rosenberg concepts that best correspond to the demands of families and educators for the production of the videos. Method: In order to reach the objectives of this research, its course was presented in the format of two manuscripts with different methods, the first one (1) dealing with a narrative review of the literature that emphasizes contributions by psychoanalysts to the field of form of a theoretical test. The second manuscript (2), is an exploratory qualitative research, with the participation of four educators and six family members responsible for children from three to five years of age. Results: This dissertation gave rise to two manuscripts and a product, which integrate it and will be described next. Final Considerations: It can be concluded that both educators and family members have knowledge demands related to children's emotional development, especially regarding the process of school adaptation and children's behaviors considered inappropriate in adults' view. Product: A series of four videos of a few minutes each was developed and produced, for wide dissemination in schools, kindergartens and among undergraduates in Psychology and Pedagogy. The series produced intends to combine technological and intellectual production. The videos were made on the basis of scientific content and edited so that they were attractive, short and clear. It is intended that the results of this research reach a wide social insertion, through the distribution of DVD´s and dissemination in social networks, positively impacting care relationships to children in early childhood. Introdução: O enfoque da dissertação está na transformação de cenários educacionais e familiares, em prol do cuidado satisfatório à criança em âmbito familiar e contexto educacional, por meio de relações respeitosas e não-violentas. Acredita-se que, ao favorecer o reconhecimento de adultos cuidadores e educadores sobre as necessidades emocionais das crianças e pensar sobre alternativas para o manejo de situações difíceis, tem-se a oportunidade de atender à saúde materno infantil e impactar positivamente a sociedade. O acesso à informação para a construção do conhecimento se efetiva de diferentes maneiras. Na última década, em especial, com o surgimento e ampliação do alcance das redes sociais e virtuais, vê-se também o aumento de pessoas que buscam por informações sobre os mais diversos temas por meio de vídeos curtos disponíveis em plataformas online. A produção de vídeos sobre o desenvolvimento emocional de crianças pequenas afina-se a essa perspectiva, considerando que familiares responsáveis pelas crianças e educadores possam acessá-los, virtualmente ou por meio da divulgação gratuita de seus DVD´s. Objetivo geral: Produzir vídeos para famílias e educadores sobre o processo de amadurecimento do bebê e da criança pequena, com ênfase em aspectos emocionais. Objetivos específicos: Discutir, teoricamente, sobre as habilidades e competências necessárias aos educadores infantis e sua interação com a família, com atenção especial às necessidades emocionais de bebês e de crianças pequenas em creches; Analisar demandas de educadores e familiares, responsáveis por crianças em educação infantil, sobre o desenvolvimento emocional das crianças; Selecionar os conceitos psicanalíticos e de Rosenberg que melhor correspondem às demandas das famílias e de educadores para a produção dos vídeos. Método: Para atingir aos objetivos dessa pesquisa, seu percurso foi apresentado no formato de dois manuscritos com métodos distintos, sendo que o primeiro (1) trata de uma revisão narrativa da literatura que enfatiza contribuições de psicanalistas para o campo da educação infantil, apresentada na forma de um ensaio teórico. O segundo manuscrito (2), trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, da qual participaram quatro educadores e seis familiares responsáveis por crianças de três a cinco anos de idade. O processo de coleta foi realizado através de questionários direcionados a familias e educadores. Os dados foram realizados por análise de conteúdo qualitativa. Considerações Finais: Pode-se concluir que tanto educadores quanto familiares possuem demandas de ampliação de seu conhecimento relacionadas ao desenvolvimento emocional infantil, principalmente, no que tange ao processo de adaptação escolar e comportamentos das crianças, considerados impróprios na visão de adultos. Produto e sua aplicabilidade: Foi desenvolvida e produzida uma série de quatro vídeos de poucos minutos cada, para ampla divulgação nas escolas, creches e entre graduandos em Psicologia e Pedagogia. A série produzida pretende aliar a produção tecnológica à intelectual. Os vídeos foram elaborados com base em conteúdo científico e editados de modo que fossem atrativos, curtos e claros. A sua plicabilidade poderá alcançar ampla inserção social, por meio da distribuição de DVD´s em escolas com Educação Infantil do município de Santa Maria. Além disso, os vídeos serão apresentados a estudantes dos Cursos de graduação em Psicologia e Pedadogia que estiverem em campo de estágio e divulgação na página mestrado em Saúde Materno Infantil da UFN.