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Eine ungefähre Schätzung geht von 60 Millionen Flüchtlingen und durch Bauprojekte Vertriebene in Indien aus. Das sind viermal so viele Menschen, wie zur Zeit der Teilung zwischen Indien und den beiden Flügeln Pakistans ausgetauscht wurden. Der größte Teil der von Projekten Vertriebenen sind Stammesangehörige und landlose Dalits, die auf oder von Gemeinschaftseigentum leben. Und kaum 20 Prozent von ihnen wurden bislang entschädigt., Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive

17p13.3 microduplications are rare copy number variations (CNVs) associated with variable phenotypes, including facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism. Typically, when a recognized pathogenic CNV is identified, other genetic factors are not considered. We investigated via whole-exome sequencing the presence of additional variants in four carriers of class I 17p13.3 microduplications. A 730 kb 17p13.3 microduplication was identified in two half-brothers with intellectual disability, but not in a third affected half-brother or blood cells from their normal mother (Family A), thus leading to the hypothesis of maternal germline mosaicism. No additional pathogenic variants were detected in Family A. Two affected siblings carried maternally inherited 450 kb 17p13.3 microduplication (Family B); the three carriers of the microduplication exhibited microcephaly and learning disability/speech impairment of variable degrees. Exome analysis revealed a variant of uncertain significance in RORA, a gene already linked to autism, in the autistic boy; his sister was heterozygous for a CYP1B1 pathogenic variant that could be related to her congenital glaucoma. Besides, both siblings carried a loss-of-function variant in DIP2B, a candidate gene for intellectual disability, which was inherited from their father, who also exhibited learning disability in childhood. In conclusion, additional pathogenic variants were revealed in two affected carriers of class I 17p13.3 microduplication (Family B), probably adding to their phenotypes. These results provided new evidence regarding the contribution of RORA and DIP2B to neurocognitive deficits, and highlighted the importance of full genetic investigation in carriers of CNV syndromes with variable expressivity. Finally, we suggest that microcephaly may be a rare clinical feature also related to the presence of the class I 17p13.3 microduplication.

Considerando as discussões entre educadores na cidade de Anápolis, no estado de Goiás, onde a maioria dos educandos não leem e têm dificuldade em compreender um texto e expressar por escrito o que pensa e o que sente, é que acredito serem relevantes na prática pedagógica a organização estrutural e organizacional da sala de aula para propor caminhos atraentes e despertar a atenção, interesse e organização dos educandos, tornando-os cúmplices do conhecimento adquirido, através da leitura, produção de textos e atividades diárias. O presente trabalho propõe levantar estratégias específicas com embasamento teórico associado à prática pedagógica, de modo que a organização estrutural dos materiais de uso do professor e do educando, tornem ponto de partida para o desenvolvimento linguístico e a aquisição do saber da criança, formando leitores e produtores competentes de textos.

A cerebelite aguda é uma síndrome inflamatória rara frequentemente caracterizada por rápida disfunção cerebelar. Neste estudo relatamos os achados de imagem do caso de uma criança com cerebelite aguda, herniação tonsilar e hidrocefalia hipertensiva. O agente etiológico não foi descoberto. O tratamento foi conservador, com manitol e corticoide. A análise evolutiva por imagem demonstrou resolução do quadro clínico sem sequelas. Acute cerebellitis is a rare inflammatory syndrome frequently characterized by fast onset of cerebellar dysfunction. The present case report describes imaging findings in a child with acute cerebellitis, tonsillar herniation and hypertensive hydrocephalus. The etiologic agent has not been determined. A conservative management was adopted, with corticoid and diuretic drugs. Imaging follow-up demonstrated resolution of the clinical condition with no sequela.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais O efeito da aplicação foliar do polissacarídeo algal, ulvana, na resistência à antracnose e nas respostas de defesa foi estudado sobre as nervuras primária, secundária e terciária em folíolos de cultivares de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Para tanto, três cultivares de feijoeiro, apresentando diferentes níveis de resistência foram usados, isto é, 'Uirapuru' (suscetível), 'Mouro Graúdo' (com resistência de planta adulta) e 'Valente' (resistente). Estas plantas, no estádio fenológico V3, foram pulverizadas com ulvana (10 mg/mL) ou com água destilada (testemunha) 6 e 3 dias antes da inoculação com a raça 73 de C. lindemuthianum. O folíolo central do segundo trifólio foi protegido com um saco plástico durante o tratamento, para avaliar o efeito sitêmico, enquanto que os dois folíolos laterais permaneceram desprotegidos. A área foliolar bem como o comprimento das nervuras foram determinados, e a severidade da doença foi avaliada por escala descritiva e pela mensuração do número e tamanho de lesões necróticas sobre cada nervura. Às 48 horas após a inoculação, discos foliares de 8mm de diâmetro foram coletados de folíolos laterais, clareados com solução de etanol e ácido acético glacial (3:1. v/v), conservados em solução de lactoglicerol, corados com azul de Amann (0,1%) e examinados ao microscópio óptico (480x) para determinar a germinação de conídios, a formação de apressórios e a freqüência de células hipersensitivas. A área foliolar e o comprimento das nervuras foram muito semelhantes entre os cvs. Uirapuru e Mouro Graúdo. A severidade da doença aos 8 dai (dias após a inoculação) não diferiu entre os tratamentos. Entretanto, a ulvana reduziu local e sistemicamente a taxa de desenvolvimento tanto do número como do comprimento de lesões de 8 a 14 dai em ambos os cultivares suscetíveis. A nervura primária foi mais suscetível à antracnose do que as outras. A taxa de formação de lesões foi reduzida sistemicamente pela ulvana somente na nervura secundária. Os conídios germinaram igualmente nos cultivares, mas a ulvana reduziu sua germinação em 28 e 44% nos cvs. Uirapuru e Mouro Graúdo, respectivamente. A maior formação de apressórios (42%) foi registrada no 'Valente' que diferiu significativamente daquela sobre os folíolos do 'Mouro Graúdo'. A ulvana não influenciou a formação de apressórios. A freqüência de células hipersensitivas foi semelhante entre os cultivares, mas significativamente maior em 'Uirapuru' tratado com ulvana que em plantas testemunhas de 'Mouro Graúdo'. A resistência inata e induzida bem como algumas respostas de defesa dos tecidos de feijoeiro à antracnose e o efeito da ulvana sobre a germinação de conídios são discutidos. The effect of foliar application of the algal polyssacharide ulvan on the resistance to anthracnose and defense responses was studied on primary, secondary and tertiary veins of bean leaflets (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). For that, three bean cultivars showing different resistance levels were used, i.e. 'Uirapuru' (susceptible), 'Mouro Graúdo' (with adult plant resistance) and 'Valente' (resistant). Plants at V3-growth stage were sprayed with ulvan (10 mg/mL) or water (control) six and three days before the inoculation with the race 73 of C. lindemuthianum. The central leaflet of the 2th leaf was covered with a plastic bag at treatment time, to evaluate the systemic effect, whereas two lateral leaflets remained uncovered. The leaflet area as well as vein length were determined and the disease severity assessed by both descriptive scale and measuring the number and the size of necrotic lesions on each leaflet vein. At 48 h after inoculation, 8-mm diameter leaf discs from lateral leaflets were collected, bleached with ethanol: glacial acetic acid (3:1. v/v), stored in lactoglycerol, stained with Amann's blue (0.1%) and examined with a light microscopy (480x) to determine the conidia germination, appressoria formation and frequency of hypersentive cells. Uirapuru and Mouro Graúdo cvs. presented similar leaflet area and vein length. Disease severity at 8 days after inoculation (dai) did not differ between treatments. However, ulvan locally and systemically reduced the development rate of both lesion number and length from the 8th to 14th dai in both susceptible cultivars. Primary vein was more susceptible to anthracnose than others. Lesion formation rate was systemically reduced by ulvan only at the secondary vein. Conidia germinated on cultivars equally well, but ulvan reduced their germination by 28 and 44% on 'Uirapuru' and 'Mouro Graúdo', respectively. The highest appressoria formation (42%) was recorded on 'Valente' which significantly differed from that on the 'Mouro Graúdo' leaflets. Ulvan did not influence appressoria formation. The frequency of hypersensitive cells was similar among cultivars, but significantly higher in ulvan-treated 'Uirapuru' than in 'Mouro Graúdo' control plants. The innate and induced resistance as well as some defense responses of bean plant tissues to anthracnose and the effect of ulvan on conidia germination are discussed.

Most Indians know the Northeast only as a region of conflict. The media speak about the “Seven Sisters” of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura only when there are killings or other conflicts. In reality, the Northeast stands out also for other forms of change, high literacy being one of them. That achievement is the doing mostly of Christians. Seen in the context of this achievement and the economic and cultural marginalisation of the region, the conflicts may be understood as integral to the process of a search for an identity. That turns the situation into a challenge to those who believe in continuing the work of the Prince of Peace. It requires an understanding of the causes of the conflict and a search for solutions that are just to the people of the region and to other marginalised groups. In other words, the Northeast challenges Christians to go beyond appearances and understand the changes and the agony that its people are going through. It also demands courage to adapt one’s work to the aspirations expressed through what is termed unrest or militancy or terrorism. As the Vatican II Pastoral Constitution (No. 4) says, their prophetic role demands that Christians read the “signs of the times” and respond to them in a spirit of faith. With that in view we shall attempt in this paper to understand these changes and study possible solutions to the conflict.

After studying the same set of Indian tribals twice, the first time in the 1940s and again three decades later, the Aus­trian anthropologist Haimendorf1 was stunned by the difference thirty years had made to them. During the first study these communities were self-reliant, their economic status was better than that of many of their Hindu neighbours, and women among them enjoyed more freedom than their high caste counter­ parts did. But by the 1970s, they required poverty alleviation programmes. So the scholar asks: “Why do these communities that were se lf- reliant till recently need poverty alleviation programmes today? Why have women among them suffered more than the rest?” The theologian will then be a partner with the tribals and other marginalised communities in the search for a pattern of development that com­ bines industrial development with a social infrastructure. The categories which have till now been excluded from the benefits of development have to be given priority in the form o f education, health, nutrition and other inputs that can help them to encounter other groups as equals and not as suppliers of cheap raw material and labour as they are to­ day. The livelihood of the tribals and their value system can be the starting point in this common search.

The author presents a descriptive study about the Identification of therapeutic needs and nursing care provided by sixteen nurses in intensive Care Units of two social insurance hospitais in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It is also presented a proposal of a Nursing Care Model for clients with Acute Myocardial Infarction relied on the Minimum Patterns of Nursing for Health Recovery established by the Ministry of Health. The results have comproved that the nurses submitted to the study tend to act rather accordding to their traditional patterns and not applying the therapeutic approach to the patients nursing needs. O autor apresenta um estudo descritivo sobre a iden tificação das necessidades terapêuticas de enfermagem e a pres crição de cuidados propiciados por dezesseis enfermeiros atuan tes em Centros de Terapia Intensiva de dois hospitais previden ciãrios da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Apresenta, também, uma proposta de Modelo de Prescrição de Enfermagem a clientes com Infarto do Miocárdio, centrado nos Padrões Mínimos de Enferma gem em Recuperação da Saúde, estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados obtidos, permitem evidenciar gue os pro fissionais do grupo amostrai, tendem a atuar conforme padrões tradicionais, desvinculados das necessidades terapêuticas pa dronizadas.

Leaves of several tree species (Astronium urindeuva, Aspidosperma ramiflorum Muell, Tabebuia flavescens Grise, Terminalia catappa and Joannesia princeps Veill) have been analysed for N, R, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Results indicated that the mean concentration of these elements are within the average; range of nutrients concentration determined, by several authors. Nutrients content have no regular variation among leaves of different ages, except for Terminalia catappa. Astronium urundeuva is considered a calcicolous plant and this caracteristic could be inferred by the nutrient contents of its leaves. No presente trabalho, foram determinados os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu e Mn em folhas de diferentes idades nas espécies: Astronium rurndeuva, Aspidospcrma ramiflorum Muell, Tabcbula flavescens Grise, Terminal ia cutappa e Joannesia princeps Veil. Os teores médios observados encontram-se dentro dos valores considerados médios para outras espécies, quando se adota a amplitude máxima de observações feitas por diversos autores. Com relação aos teores de nutrientes em folhas de idade diferente numa mesma espécie, com exceção de Terminalia catappa, não foram observadas variações regulares para os três níveis de idade fisiológica considerados. Os valores das folhas da espécie Astronium urindeuva evidenciaram suas características de planta calcícola.

No presente trabalho, foram determinados os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu e Mn em folhas de diferentes idades nas espécies: Astronium rurndeuva, Aspidospcrma ramiflorum Muell, Tabcbula flavescens Grise, Terminal ia cutappa e Joannesia princeps Veil. Os teores médios observados encontram-se dentro dos valores considerados médios para outras espécies, quando se adota a amplitude máxima de observações feitas por diversos autores. Com relação aos teores de nutrientes em folhas de idade diferente numa mesma espécie, com exceção de Terminalia catappa, não foram observadas variações regulares para os três níveis de idade fisiológica considerados. Os valores das folhas da espécie Astronium urindeuva evidenciaram suas características de planta calcícola. Leaves of several tree species (Astronium urindeuva, Aspidosperma ramiflorum Muell, Tabebuia flavescens Grise, Terminalia catappa and Joannesia princeps Veill) have been analysed for N, R, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Results indicated that the mean concentration of these elements are within the average; range of nutrients concentration determined, by several authors. Nutrients content have no regular variation among leaves of different ages, except for Terminalia catappa. Astronium urundeuva is considered a calcicolous plant and this caracteristic could be inferred by the nutrient contents of its leaves.

Concilium, Bd. 22 Nr. 5 (1986): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 22, Heft 5

Concilium, Bd. 18 Nr. 12 (1982): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 18, Heft 12