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Using the literature on the subject, an assessment was made of the state of the oral health in rural population: dental state, periodontal diseases, state and needs for prosthetic rehabilitation. The articles presents possible causes of this state of things.

The stomatological examination was carried out in 443 children aged 6-9 years including 203 boys and 240 girls. It was ascertained that the prevalence of caries of permanent teeth in children aged 6 was 3.64%, aged 7-50.88%, aged 8-73.53% and aged 9-76.81%. The DMF index in children aged 6 was 0.05, aged 7-1.375, aged 8-1.852 and in those aged 9 it was 2.308. There was noticed some more advancement in caries process in girls than in boys.

Oral hygiene status was assessed in 183 children aged 10, 11 and 12 years. The study comprised an inquiry and a clinical examination evaluation the status of oral hygiene. The greatest values of the fuchsin index determining the oral hygiene were found in children brushing teeth without instructions concerning correct brushing.

After a review of the pertinent literature the effect is described of gluten-dependent coeliac disease on the condition of the oral cavity and teeth in children. Attention is called to the condition of the parodontium on the occurrence of developmental abnormalities of hard dental tissuses and caries intensity.