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1. Under pressure: how leaders react to identity threats related to their paradoxical leadership/Sob pressao: como lideres reagem a ameacas a identidade relacionada a sua lideranca paradoxal/Bajo presion: como reaccionan los lideres a las amenazas de identidad relacionadas con su liderazgo paradojico

Author: Feux, Bruno and Santana, Joao
Published: 2023
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2. Apartado

Author: Casaldàliga, Pere, Bellver, Flor, Valero, Luis Fernando, Pacheco, Juan Ojeda, i Salellas, Ignasi Gózalo, Marín, Francisco J., Bosch, Ferran Sánchez, Belderrain, Pedro, Vericat, José, Aguilar, J. F. Fernández, Pons, Félix, Carbajosa, Gonzalo, Fos, Pilar, Aguilera, Lolón, Serramona, Antoni, Casado, Pablo García, Iniesta, Alberto, García-Abril, Jesús, Díaz, Julián Ruiz, Avila, Oriol, Galán, Pedro Cerezo, Herrero, Josep, Suñén, Luis, Barraquer i Bordas, Lluís, Bolado, Alfonso Álvarez, Lozano, José Jiménez, Hernando, Bernardino M., Gabancho, Patrícia, de Vigo, Iñigo Méndez, Porcal, Enric, Panikkar, Raimon, Ribas i Piera, Manuel, Mieras, Caterina, Herralde, Jorge, Delibes, Miguel, Paniker, Salvador, Vives, Joan E., Mollá, Juan, Pujol, Jaume, Martí, Fèux, Giráldez, Alberto, Pernau, Josep, Cadena, Josep Maria, and Caffarena, José Gómez
Published: 2006

3. Les revues savantes Laval théologique et philosophique (Québec, 1945) et Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses (Belgique, 1924) des années 1950. Approche comparative des nature, spécialisation et frontières des disciplines « théologiques »

Author: UCL - SSH/RSCS - Institut de recherche Religions, spiritualités, cultures, sociétés, Dutron, Martin, La modernité en revues. Pleins feux sur un siècle de revues québécoises, UCL - SSH/RSCS - Institut de recherche Religions, spiritualités, cultures, sociétés, Dutron, Martin, and La modernité en revues. Pleins feux sur un siècle de revues québécoises
Abstract: C’est en 1945 que deux détenteurs d’un doctorat en philosophie de l’Université de Louvain en Belgique, Charles De Koninck (en 1934) et Mgr Alphonse-Marie (en 1936) fondent une revue de théologie et philosophie au sein de l’Université de Laval. Or, la fondation de ce périodique intervient aussi à un moment complexe des relations entre les « sciences religieuses » (histoire des religions, histoire de la pensée médiévale, sciences bibliques), philosophie et théologie. Ce sont les raisons religieuses mais aussi institutionnelles de la complexité de ces frontières disciplinaires que cette intervention se propose d’explorer : (1) dans un premier temps, nous reviendrons sur la singularité de la fondation de la revue québécoise vis-à-vis d’un périodique européen tel que les Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses. (2) dans un deuxième temps, nous évaluerons la place donnée/laissée aux chercheurs d’autres disciplines (littérature, orientalisme, philosophie, etc.) et finalement (3) nous reviendrons sur la structuration en discipline du savoir et leurs spécialisations dans les revues durant la décennie des années 1950 – tout particulièrement concernant le développement de l’exégèse biblique. Cela devant permettre de mieux rendre compte des pratiques savantes développées au sein d’entreprises éditoriales spécifiques que sont la LTP et les ETL.
Published: 2019

4. ANNUAL SURVEY OF DEVELOPMENTS IN THE LAW OF SALES

Author: FEUX,, ANTHONY G.
Published: 1962

5. SOBRE LA METAFISICA DEL SER PARCIAL

Author: de Viana, Feux Fz.
Published: 1949

6. El premiado recibe los insultos

Author: ROMEO, FÉUX
Published: 2010

7. A novel mechanism for simulation of partial seizures in an infant

Author: Daniel S Lemke, Dan Feux, and Cara Doughty
Subjects: Pediatric emergency, medicine.medical_specialty, Models, Educational, Epidemiology, Resuscitation, Medicine (miscellaneous), Status epilepticus, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic, Manikins, Pediatrics, Education, Head trauma, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Status Epilepticus, Seizures, medicine, Craniocerebral Trauma, Humans, Computer Simulation, partial seizures, business.industry, Infant, Emergency department, Equipment Design, medicine.disease, Mechanism (engineering), Modeling and Simulation, Critical illness, medicine.symptom, business, Emergency Service, Hospital
Abstract: Introduction Seizures are a common pediatric emergency, occurring in 4% to 6% of all children by the age of 16 years. Seizures are also present in many patients with critical illness requiring resuscitation. Whereas some high-fidelity simulators have built-in seizure mechanisms, others do not. We report a novel inexpensive mechanism replicating a partial seizure in the SimBaby mannequin and the use of this mechanism in several high-fidelity in situ simulations. Methods A brake lever set and a brake cable/housing for a mountain bike were attached under the skin of the SimBaby mannequin, through the groin, out of the axilla, and around the left arm. The cable was hidden under sheets and taped to the floor. The cable length allowed the controller to be several feet away from the mannequin while controlling the seizures. In our emergency department in situ simulations, this person is the educator who runs the mannequin or a confederate participating in the scenario. Results The instructor controlling the seizure mechanism was able to stand unobtrusively in the corner during the in situ simulations and activate the seizure as indicated. Simulation participants clearly recognized that the infant was seizing and reacted appropriately as per the scenario (status epilepticus, head trauma, and tricyclic antidepressant ingestion). Conclusions We report a novel and inexpensive mechanism to accurately simulate partial seizures, using commonly available inexpensive bicycle components.
Published: 2012

8. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Thermal Alteration of Kerogen in Deep-Sea Sediments by Still Intrusion

Author: Baker, E.W., primary, Huang, W.Y., additional, Rankin, J.G., additional, Castano, J.R., additional, Guinn, J.R., additional, and Feux, A.N., additional
Published: 1978
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9. Transitions. Réalités coloniales. Nouvelles approches

Author: Le Congo à l’aide de la Belgique ‘martyre’ ?Le Congo belge sous les feux de la première Guerre Mondiale (10-12 février 2011: Bruxelles (ULB, FUSL, Cinematek)), Piette, Valérie, Le Congo à l’aide de la Belgique ‘martyre’ ?Le Congo belge sous les feux de la première Guerre Mondiale (10-12 février 2011: Bruxelles (ULB, FUSL, Cinematek)), and Piette, Valérie
Abstract: Colloque international Congo belge (1908-1960), info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2011

10. A Novel Mechanism for Simulation of Partial Seizures in an Infant

Author: Lemke, Daniel, primary, Feux, Dan, additional, and Doughty, Cara, additional
Published: 2012
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11. DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIFIC RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR ACETYLCHOLINE.

Author: Spector, S., Feux, A., Semenuk, G., and Finberg, J. P. M.
Published: 1978
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12. Epiretinal membrane formation associated with idiopathic macular telangiectasia: case report.

Author: GOMES, FLÁVIA CID, FERNANDES FEUX, JOÃO PAULO, NASCIMENTO, MAURICIO ABUJAMRA, and CAVALCANTI LIRA, RODRIGO PESSOA
Subjects: TELANGIECTASIA, BIOLOGICAL membranes, RETINAL diseases, VISION disorders, EYE diseases
Abstract: Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2014
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13. Development of a specific radioimmunoassay for acetylcholine

Author: J. P. M. Finberg, A. Feux, G. Semenuk, and S. Spector
Subjects: Brain Chemistry, medicine.medical_specialty, Carbachol, Immunogen, Phosphorylcholine, Chemistry, Dimethylphenylpiperazinium, Guinea Pigs, Radioimmunoassay, Cross Reactions, Biochemistry, Acetylcholine, Rats, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Decamethonium, Internal medicine, medicine, Choline, Animals, Tissue Distribution, medicine.drug
Abstract: — The synthesis of an acetylcholine-like immunogen and its use in production of antibodies specific to ACh is described. Cross-reactivity of anti-ACh antibody to choline was only 0.1% that to ACh. Insignificant cross reaction to acetate and phosphorylcholine occurred, enabling use of these antibodies in a radioimmunoassay for determination of endogenous ACh levels. Significant cross-reactivity of the antibody to succinylcholine. decamethonium, dimethylphenylpiperazinium, carbachol and butyr-ylcholine was observed. The correlation coefficient for determination of endogenous ACh by bioassay and radioimmunoassay was 0.994. ACh levels by radioimmunoassay in brain areas of rats killed by microwave irradiation were: striatum, 77.8; cortex, 28.8; hippocampus, 25.4; midbrain. 47; and hypothalamus, 25 nmol/g.
Published: 1978

14. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Thermal Alteration of Kerogen in Deep-Sea Sediments by Still Intrusion

Author: E.W. Baker, W.Y. Huang, J.G. Rankin, J.R. Castano, J.R. Guinn, and A.N. Feux
Published: 1978
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15. De Dousberg: een eilandje in een cultuurlandschap

Author: H.M.C. Feux and H.M.C. Feux
Published: 1988

16. Le tombeau de Couperin. [Grabación sonora]

Author: Ravel, Maurice 1875-1937, Liszt, Franz 1811-1886 Etudes d'exécution transcendante. Feux follets, Lympany, Moura 1916-2005 int., Ravel, Maurice 1875-1937, Liszt, Franz 1811-1886 Etudes d'exécution transcendante. Feux follets, and Lympany, Moura 1916-2005 int.
Abstract: Etiqueta azul, En etiqueta: "Piano", Incluido en el "Catálogo de discos de 78 rpm en la B.N.", nº 3622, Moura Lympany, solo de piano, Copia digital de conservación (CD y DAT), 1995-2000, Copia digital de conservación (CD y DAT), 1995-2000, En hojas declaratorias de D.L. "The Gramphone Company, 1950"

17. New injection moulding process.

Author: WEIDMANN, FEUX
Subjects: INJECTION molding, REINFORCED thermoplastics, FIBER-reinforced plastics
Abstract: Continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastics are becoming more and more established in applications for isotropic metallic materials and fibre/plastic composites. One reason is the growing availability of semi-finished fibre-matrix thermoplastic products, for example organosheets and unidirectional [UD] tapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016

18. Research in computer vision in the interdisciplinary wildland fire research developed at the University of Corsica

Author: Rossi, Lucile, Toulouse, Tom, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Cancellieri, Dominique, Pieri, Antoine, Rossi, Lucile, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, and SPE
Subjects: [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

19. Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of the Bidirectional Natural Convection Flow Through a Horizontal Vent

Author: Hugues Pretrel, Olivier Vauquelin, Samuel Vaux, Kevin Varrall, Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (LEF), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Natural convection, Buoyancy, Meteorology, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0201 civil engineering, Plume, Volumetric flow rate, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Temperature gradient, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, engineering, General Materials Science, Vector field, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Body orifice
Abstract: An experimental study investigates the natural convection flow through a horizontal ceiling vent of a fire compartment. This flow is governed by the buoyancy forces and the friction forces, and is bidirectional. The orifice used is of circular cross section and is characterized by the aspect ratio L/D of its thickness L over its diameter D. The reduced scale apparatus consist of two superimposed compartments of $$1.5 \times 1 \times 1 \, \mathrm{m}^3$$ for the lower and $$1 \times 1 \times 1 \, \mathrm{m}^3$$ for the upper. These two rooms are connected by a 0.038 m length circular orifice with different diameters available ( $$ D \in [63.5, \, 76.2, \, 127, \, 152.4, \, 190.5, \, 260$$ mm]). For the study of natural convection, only the lower compartment is used; the upper compartment is left at atmospheric conditions by removing all its walls. The temperature gradient ( $$\Delta T \approx 50^\circ $$ C between the bottom and the top of the orifice) is generated by a 2 kW electrical resistor located in the lower compartment. This electrical resistor makes it possible to generate, without mass inlet, a plume with no soot and to reach a thermal steady state in the “fire room”. The optical stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurement technique provides the velocity field through the opening for different diameters. This technique, based on the finding of the displacement of a set of particles between two consecutive snapshots of a seeded fluid, makes it possible to obtain all three components of the velocity vector field by non-intrusive measurement. The use of this technique is a novelty for such vent flows and allows accessing information not only on the variation of the flow rate but also on the distribution of the fluids moving upward and downward through the orifice. Despite an unsteady dynamic regime, the analysis of averaged fields shows a geometrical organization of the bidirectional flow through the orifice, with a central area occupied by the hot fluid flowing upward and a peripheral zone where the cold fluid flows downward. The flow section occupancy ratio reverses with the extrema of flow velocities, for $$L/D \approx 0.41$$ .
Published: 2016
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20. Determining a safety condition in the prevention of eruptive fires

Author: Chatelon, François-Joseph, Balbi, Jacques-Henri, Rossi, Jean Louis, Simeoni, Albert, Viegas, D.X., Marcelli, Thierry, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux, Building Research Establishment (BRE/Edinburgh), University of Edinburgh, Center of Studies on Forest Fires (ADAI), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), ADAI/CEIF, University of Coimbra, Portugal, and Rossi, Jean-Louis
Subjects: [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

21. Effect of vertical density stratification on the buoyancy-induced flow at a doorway opening

Author: Olivier Vauquelin, Arnaud Brunner, Hugues Pretrel, Fabien Candelier, Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (LEF), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: Smoke, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Buoyancy, Meteorology, Mechanical Engineering, Enclosure, Stratification (water), Mechanics, Thermal stratification, engineering.material, Plume, Mechanics of Materials, engineering, Environmental science, Air entrainment, Temperature stratification, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Abstract: International audience; This study deals with the process of smoke filling in a compartment and the exhaust of smoke through a doorway located in a side of the enclosure. This configuration is a typical scenario of smoke propagation during a fire event in a compartment. This study focuses on the vertical temperature stratification in the smoke layer and its consequences on buoyancy flow induced at the doorway. From two theoretical approaches, considering or not considering the vertical temperature stratification in the smoke layer, this study highlights how vertical temperature stratification may modify the doorway flow. The first approach is a well-mixed description considering constant temperature and thus no thermal stratification in the smoke layer. The second one describes the vertical density stratification with multilayer approach. The results show that the vertical stratification is the consequence of the process of air entrainment within the plume. The consideration of temperature stratification in the smoke layer changes the prediction of the flow through the doorway. A sensitivity analysis points out how two variables (the initial buoyancy flux and the dimension of the enclosure) modify this influence. The discussion improves the understanding of the stratification in an enclosure and gives new insight into the predictions of smoke propagation for fire safety applications.
Published: 2014
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22. Evaluation of wildland fire smoke plume dynamics and aerosol load using UV scanning lidar and fire-atmosphere modelling during the Mediterranean Letia 2010 experiment

Author: Frédéric Bosseur, Céline Mari, Frédéric Morandini, Patrick Augustin, Jean Baptiste Filippi, Hervé Delbarre, Marc Fourmentin, Valérie Leroy-Cancellieri, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère (LPCA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Feux de Forêt, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Backscatter, Atmospheric model, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, 010309 optics, Atmosphere, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Smoke, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Aerosol, Plume, lcsh:Geology, Lidar, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Large eddy simulation
Abstract: Vegetation fires emit large amount of gases and aerosols which are detrimental to human health. Smoke exposure near and downwind of fires depends on the fire propagation, the atmospheric circulations and the burnt vegetation. A better knowledge of the interaction between wildfire and atmosphere is a primary requirement to investigate fire smoke and particle transport. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the usefulness of an UV scanning lidar to characterise the fire smoke plume and consequently validate fire–atmosphere model simulations. An instrumented burn was conducted in a Mediterranean area typical of ones frequently subject to wildfire with low dense shrubs. Using lidar measurements positioned near the experimental site, fire smoke plume was thoroughly characterised by its optical properties, edge and dynamics. These parameters were obtained by combining methods based on lidar inversion technique, wavelet edge detection and a backscatter barycentre technique. The smoke plume displacement was determined using a digital video camera coupled with the lidar. The simulation was performed using a mesoscale atmospheric model in a large eddy simulation configuration (Meso-NH) coupled to a fire propagation physical model (ForeFire), taking into account the effect of wind, slope and fuel properties. A passive numerical scalar tracer was injected in the model at fire location to mimic the smoke plume. The simulated fire smoke plume width remained within the edge smoke plume obtained from lidar measurements. The maximum smoke injection derived from lidar backscatter coefficients and the simulated passive tracer was around 200 m. The vertical position of the simulated plume barycentre was systematically below the barycentre derived from the lidar backscatter coefficients due to the oversimplified properties of the passive tracer compared to real aerosol particles. Simulated speed and horizontal location of the plume compared well with the observations derived from the videography and lidar method, suggesting that fire convection and advection were correctly taken into account.
Published: 2014

23. Surface Fires: No Wind, No Slope, Marginal Burning

Author: Balbi, Jacques-Henri, Viegas, D.X., Rossa, Carlos, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Chatelon, François-Joseph, Cancellieri, Dominique, Simeoni, Albert, Marcelli, Thierry, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Center of Studies on Forest Fires (ADAI), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux, Centre for Fire Safety Engineering, Building Research Establishment (BRE/Edinburgh), University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, Grant CPER 2007-2013, University of Corsica, University of Coimbra, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, and University of Edinburgh
Subjects: extinction conditions, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [PHYS.MECA.THER] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], marginal burning, Surface fire spread, [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: The authors wish to thank Mr. Pierre Régis Gonsolin for his help in English reviewing and Mr. Basiliu Moretti for his help during this study.; International audience; The first aim of this work is to provide an analytical expression to calculate the rate of spread of surface fires under no wind and no slope conditions. A previous simplified model was improved for this particular case of fire propagation. The test of this proposed model was performed by using two complete sets of experimental results with several fuel beds and variable parameters such as moisture content or bulk density. The second aim of this article is to highlight two conditions that allow stopping a fire: the low leaf area and the high value of the moisture content.
Published: 2014

24. Measurement of the geometric characteristics of a fire front by stereovision techniques on field experiments

Author: Lucile Rossi, Frédéric Bosseur, Antoine Pieri, Thierry Molinier, Yves Tison, Moulay A. Akhloufi, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Feux de forêt, European Project, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: Field (physics), Scale (ratio), Base (geometry), ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Stereoscopy, 01 natural sciences, View factor, law.invention, 010309 optics, 07.05.Pj Image processing 42.30.Tz Computer vision, robotic vision 42.30.Va Image forming and processing 89.20.Ff Computer science and technology 06.30.Bp Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacemen, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, law, Position (vector), registration, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation, Engineering (miscellaneous), stereovision, geometrical properties, Remote sensing, Graphical user interface, 040101 forestry, Stereo cameras, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, measurement, business, wildland fire, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Geology
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents stereovision techniques for measurement of the geometrical properties (position, rate of spread, fire height, fire inclination angle, fire base width, view factor) of fires obtained by experimental burnings at field scale. The system consists of two synchronized and pre-calibrated multi-baseline stereo cameras operating in the visible spectrum. The cameras are positioned in the back and the lateral positions relatively to the direction of fire propagation. Algorithms have been developed in order to (i) register these cameras, (ii) model in three dimensions the fire front from the back stereoscopic images and (iii) estimate some geometrical properties of fire such as the inclination angle and the fire base width from the lateral stereoscopic images. A user graphical interface was developed as a practical tool to estimate fire propagation features and to display the obtained results. Fire spread experiments were conducted at field scale (about 20 m wide and 3 m high). The fuel consists of Mediterranean shrub vegetation. The obtained results are promising and show interesting performance achieved by the proposed system in operational and complex fire scenarios.
Published: 2011
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25. On the use of stereovision to develop a novel instrumentation system to extract geometric fire fronts characteristics

Author: Lucile Rossi, Yves Tison, Moulay A. Akhloufi, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Feux de forêt
Subjects: Heading (navigation), Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, General Physics and Astronomy, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Stereovision, 0201 civil engineering, Software, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Range (statistics), General Materials Science, Computer vision, Instrumentation (computer programming), Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Remote sensing, business.industry, Volume (computing), Forest fire, General Chemistry, Visualization, Geometric characteristics, Stereopsis, Rate of spread, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Stereo camera
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a new instrumentation system, based on stereovision, for the visualization and quantitative characterization of fire fronts in outdoor conditions. The system consists of a visible pre-calibrated stereo camera and a computer with dedicated software. In the proposed approach, images are captured simultaneously and processed using specialized algorithms. These algorithms permit to model three-dimensional fire fronts and extract geometric characteristics like volume, surface area, heading direction and length. Experiments were carried out in outdoor scenarios and the obtained results show the efficiency of the proposed system. This system successfully measures three-dimensional geometric parameters of fire fronts over a range of combustible and environmental conditions.
Published: 2011
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26. Instrumentation of spreading fires: toward the development of a metrological system based on stereovision

Author: Rossi, Lucile, Molinier, Thierry, Akhloufi, Moulay, Tison, Yves, Pieri, Antoine, Rossi, Lucile, PROTERINA-C - INCOMING, A D'Anna, F. Beretta, N. Selçuk, M. S. Mansour, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), A D'Anna, F. Beretta, N. Selçuk, M. S. Mansour, Feux de forêt, European Project, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: vision, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Instrumentation, spreading fires, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents research conducted in the area of stereovision in order to develop a metrological system for the measurement of geometrical characteristics of spreading fires. In the first part, the material and the algorithms used to obtain three dimensional coordinates of fire points are presented. The second part describes the stereovision framework used for laboratory experiments and the algorithms developed to estimate the fire front geometrical characteristics. With this system, a 3D global form of the fire is obtained at each acquisition time and the position of each point of the front, their rate of spread, their height, length, tilt angle, the width basis and the volume of the fire are estimated. In the third part, a stereovision framework developed for the geometrical characteristics measurement of fires at field scale is presented. Complementary information is obtained from different views of the fire. A Human Machine Interface gives the possibility to an expert to define from the lateral view the fire area to study. A three dimensional surface reconstruction of the back fire front is obtained and the height, the length, the position, the rate of spread, the tilt angle and the width of the front are estimated
Published: 2011

27. A stereovision system for fire characteristic estimation

Author: Rossi, Lucile, Akhloufi, Moulay, Molinier, Thierry, Tison, Yves, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de forêt, and Rossi, Lucile
Subjects: estimation, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, geometrical caracteristics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, fire, stereovision, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a stereovision system for the measurement of forest fire spread characteristics. Images of the scene are captured by a pre-calibrated stereo camera. A new approach is introduced in order to capture a three dimensional flame structure and to estimate important characteristics of this phenomenon like position and rate of spread of the fire front, height, length, inclination and geometry of the flame surface. Results from indoor and outdoor experiments are presented. The obtained results are promising and show the potential of using the proposed system as a metrological tool for modeling and monitoring real-life fires.
Published: 2010

28. Vidéosurveillance et stéréovision appliquées aux feux de forêt

Author: Rossi, Lucile, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), K. Taouil, A. Benshrair, Rossi, Lucile, Khaked Taouil, Abdelaziz Benshrair, and Feux de forêt
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; La vidéosurveillance a désormais intégré des dispositifs de surveillance des feux de forêt. De nombreuses recherches sont effectuées pour améliorer la détection précoce et la localisation précise des feux. Le stéréovision est utilisée pour l'instant en recherche afin de développer des outils de métrologie permettant l'estimation de caractéristiques géométriques de feux telles que leur position, leur vitesse, leur surface.
Published: 2010

29. Scaling laws for a buoyant release used to simulate fire-induced smoke in laboratory experiments

Author: Olivier Vauquelin, Caroline Lucchesi, Ghislain Michaux, Institut Universitaire des systemes Thermiques Industriels - UMR 6595, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, and Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (LEF)
Subjects: Engineering, Scale (ratio), General Physics and Astronomy, Poison control, Fire-induced smoke, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0201 civil engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Froude number, General Materials Science, Source parameter, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], Boussinesq approximation (water waves), Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Simulation, Jet (fluid), [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], business.industry, General Chemistry, Mechanics, Buoyant release, Plume, Scale model Non-Boussinesq plume, symbols, business, Scale model, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents and discusses some scaling laws which have to be considered within the framework of fire-induced smoke simulation using a buoyant release at lower scale. The correspondences between the fire and the buoyant release are supposed known and then, for a size reduction, dimensionless numbers are obtained from the buoyant jet momentum equation. It then appears, theoretically, that the single Froude similitude used in many laboratory experiments is inadequate for fire problems when the Boussinesq approximation cannot be considered. Indeed, in that case, the density difference between the released fluid and the ambient fluid has to be the same for both full and reduced scales. An alternative theoretical justification is also proposed from considerations on the source parameter Gi.
Published: 2009
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30. Technical Note: The air quality modeling system Polyphemus

Author: H. Foudhil, Lin Wu, M. Ahmed de Biasi, Vivien Mallet, Bruno Sportisse, Karine Sartelet, Edouard Debry, Yelva Roustan, M. Tombette, Denis Quélo, Irène Korsakissok, Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique (CEREA), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Coupling environmental data and simulation models for software integration (Clime), Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (LEF), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Meteorology, Scale (ratio), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Data management, Gaussian, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Chemistry, symbols.namesake, Data assimilation, Sensitivity (control systems), Air quality index, Uncertainty analysis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, biology, business.industry, biology.organism_classification, Industrial engineering, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, Polyphemus, symbols, business, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: Polyphemus is an air quality modeling platform which aims at covering the scope and the abilities of modern air quality systems. It deals with applications from local scale to continental scale, using two Gaussian models and two Eulerian models. It manages passive tracers, radioactive decay, photochemistry and aerosol dynamics. The structure of the system includes four independent levels with data management, physical parameterizations, numerical solvers and high-level methods such as data assimilation. This enables sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, primarily through multimodel approaches. On top of the models, drivers implement advanced methods such as model coupling or data assimilation.
Published: 2007
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31. Influence of the source elevation on a pool fire in a forced ventilated enclosure

Author: Georges, Emeline, Pretrel, Hugues, Varrall, Kévin, Vauquelin, Olivier, Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and IRSN
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Burning rate, compartments, pool fires, elevated fires
Abstract: International audience; In nuclear facilities, fires can spread until reaching the upper part of a closed and mechanically ventilated compartment. In this area of the room, the fire sources are under-oxygenated, but lie in an environment with significant radiative heat flux. Previous studies dealt with elevated fires, and results showed that source elevation affects two phenomena: the combustion process and the flows inside the room. The present study aims to understand the effects of elevation on the fire dynamic in a special ventilation configuration: fresh air inlet in the lower part of the compartment, and vitiated air exhaust in the upper part. A series of tests was carried out in a reduced-scale apparatus, with a 0.09 m diameter pan filled with dodecane liquid fuel and placed at various heights. Two aspects were analyzed: the mass loss rate (MLR) and the gas temperature inside the room. First of all, the experimental results confirm the coupled and antagonistic effects of decreasing oxygen concentration and increasing temperature on the mass loss rate that were already highlighted in the literature. In addition, these results also show the role played by the flame height on the change in the combustion regime. Finally, the vertical temperature stratification is much more pronounced when the fire is elevated until it reaches a maximum height. Beyond this limit, stratification starts to disappear.
Published: 2022

32. Fire behavior of halogen-free flame retardant electrical cables with the cone calorimeter

Author: Laurent Ferry, Pascal Zavaleta, Rodolphe Sonnier, Sylvain Suard, Romain Meinier, Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés (Pôle MPA), Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (LEF), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: Cable spacing, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 020101 civil engineering, Halogen free, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 0201 civil engineering, law.invention, Fire hazard, law, Cone calorimeter, Environmental Chemistry, Composite material, Waste Management and Disposal, Waste management, Halogen-free flame retardant, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Pollution, Fire behavior, Ignition system, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Heat flux, Thermally thick behavior, 0210 nano-technology, Fire retardant
Abstract: International audience; Fires involving electrical cables are one of the main hazards in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). Cables are complex assemblies including several polymeric parts (insulation, bedding, sheath) constituting fuel sources. This study provides an in-depth characterization of the fire behavior of two halogen-free flame retardant cables used in NPPs using the cone calorimeter. The influence of two key parameters, namely the external heat flux and the spacing between cables, on the cable fire characteristics is especially investigated. The prominent role of the outer sheath material on the ignition and the burning at early times was highlighted. A parameter of utmost importance called transition heat flux, was identified and depends on the composition and the structure of the cable. Below this heat flux, the decomposition is limited and concerns only the sheath. Above it, fire hazard is greatly enhanced because most often non-flame retarded insulation part contributes to heat release. The influence of spacing appears complex, and depends on the considered fire property.
Published: 2018
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33. Examination of WFDS in Modeling Spreading Fires in a Furniture Calorimeter

Author: William Mell, Frédéric Bosseur, Paul-Antoine Santoni, Yolanda Perez-Ramirez, J. B. Tramoni, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Projet Feux, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: Heat released rate, Wildland fires, Physics-based modeling, Flow (psychology), 020101 civil engineering, Numerical simulation, 02 engineering and technology, Combustion, 0201 civil engineering, Fire Dynamics Simulator, General Materials Science, Char, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Sensitivity analyses, Simulation, 040101 forestry, Physics, Computer simulation, Oxygen consumption calorimetry, Solid-phase degradation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mechanics, Calorimeter, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Fire behavior
Abstract: International audience; Validation of physics-based models of fire behavior requires comparing systematically and objectively simulated results and experimental observations in different scenarios, conditions and scales. Heat Release Rate (HRR) is a key parameter for understanding combustion processes in vegetation fires and a main output data of physics-based models. This paper addresses the validation of the Wildland-urban interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS) through the comparison of predicted and measured values of HRR from spreading fires in a furniture calorimeter. Experimental fuel beds were made up of Pinus pinaster needles and three different fuel loadings (i.e. 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 kg/m2) were tested under no-slope and up-slope conditions (20°). An Arrhenius type model for solid-phase degradation including char oxidation was implemented in WFDS. To ensure the same experimental and numerical conditions, sensitivity analyses were carried out in order to determine the grid resolution to capture the flow dynamics within the hood of the experimental device and to assess the grid resolution’s influence on the outputs of the model. The comparison of experimental and predicted HRR values showed that WFDS calculates accurately the mean HRR values during the steady-state of fire propagation. It also reproduces correctly the duration of the flaming combustion phase, which is directly tied to the fire rate of spread.
Published: 2017
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34. A convective–radiative propagation model for wildland fires

Author: Dominique Morvan, François Joseph Chatelon, Frédéric Morandini, Thierry Marcelli, Jean-Louis Rossi, Jacques Henri Balbi, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Convection, Convective heat transfer, Scale (ratio), Steady State theory, Poison control, 020101 civil engineering, physical model, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 0201 civil engineering, Radiative flux, heat transfer, Radiative transfer, fire spread, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 040101 forestry, fire dynamics, Ecology, convective flux, model performance, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mechanics, radiative flux, Heat transfer, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, steady-state model
Abstract: International audience; The 'Balbi model' is a simplified steady-state physical propagation model for surface fires that considers radiative heat transfer from the surface area of burning fuel particles as well as from the flame body. In this work, a completely new version of this propagation model for wildand fires is proposed. Even if, in the present work, this model is confined to laboratory experiments, its purpose is to be used at a larger scale in the field under operational conditions. This model was constructed from a radiative propagation model with the addition of a convective heat transfer term resulting from the impingement of packets of hot reacting gases on unburnt fuel elements located at the base of the flame. The flame inside the fuel bed is seen as the 'fingers of fire' described in the literature. The proposed model is physics-based, faster than real time and fully predictive, which means that model parameters do not change from one experiment to another. The predicted rate of spread is applied to a large set of laboratory experiments (through homogeneous pine needles and excelsior fuel beds) and is compared with the predictions of both a very simple empirical model (Catchpole) and a detailed physical model (FireStar2D).
Published: 2020
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35. Debussy/Ravel.

Author: Rattle, Simon, 1955- Conductor, Berliner Philharmoniker. Performer, City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. Performer, London Symphony Orchestra. Performer, Ewing, Maria., Gavrilov, Andrei, 1955- Instrumentalist, Ousset, Cécile. Instrumentalist, Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Boîte à joujoux., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Estampes. Pagodes., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Images, orchestra., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Jeux., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Mer., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 1. Ce qu’a vu le vent d’ouest; arr., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 2. Feuilles mortes; arr., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 2. Feux d’artifice; arr., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Roi Lear., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Bolero, orchestra., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Concertos, piano, 1 hand, orchestra,, Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Concertos, piano, orchestra,, Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Daphnis et Chloé., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Fanfare, orchestra., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Ma mère l’oye (Ballet). Selections., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Miroirs. Alborada del gracioso; arr., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Miroirs. Vallée des cloches; arr., Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Shéhérazade (Song cycle), and Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937. Valse.
Published: 2008

36. La mer, etc

Author: Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918., Berliner Philharmoniker. Performer, Caplet, André, 1878-1925. Arranger, Matthews, Colin. Arranger, Rattle, Simon, 1955- Conductor, Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Boîte à joujoux; arr., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Mer., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 1. Ce qu’a vu le vent d’ouest; arr., Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 2. Feuilles mortes; arr., and Debussy, Claude, 1862-1918. Preludes, piano, book 2. Feux d’artifice; arr.
Published: 2005

37. Revealing the deposition of macrophytes transported offshore: Evidence of their long-distance dispersal and seasonal aggregation to the deep sea

Author: Eva Rothäusler, Teruhisa Komatsu, Eric D.H. Durieux, Yutaka Kokubu, Jean Baptiste Filippi, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Ocean Research Institute, and The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, lcsh:Medicine, Carbon sequestration, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ocean gyre, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, lcsh:R, Carbon sink, Biological pump, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Macrophyte, 030104 developmental biology, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Sargassum horneri, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Hydrography, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The role of coastal macrophyte beds as a carbon sink is under debate. Various studies have provided global estimates of the carbon sequestration and stocks of macrophyte beds; however, the final fate of macrophyte debris exported from coastal beds remains uncertain, and must be determined in order to fully clarify the role of coastal vegetation as a carbon sink. Here we conducted bottom-trawl surveys to investigate the extensive and seasonal aggregation of exported macrophytes on the continental shelf and slope seafloor (40–1,800 m). Sunken macrophytes showed a clear seasonal trend with highest biomasses in summer. This was mainly caused by the most collected macrophyte species Sargassum horneri. Furthermore, we used numerical simulations to verify the link between sea-surface hydrographic condition and seafloor distribution of sunken macrophytes. Our results showed that S. horneri accumulated beneath the Kuroshio Extension current, which is the western boundary current of the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Overall, floating macrophytes that became transported offshore by a stable sea-surface current, such as the western boundary current, constitute an organic carbon pathway from coastal waters to the deep sea. Our findings suggest that these buoyant macrophytes can act as a biological pump to enhance oceanic carbon sequestration.
Published: 2019
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38. Fire Intensity

Author: Rossi, Jean Louis, Chatelon, François Joseph, Marcelli, Thierry, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: 040101 forestry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 020101 civil engineering, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0201 civil engineering
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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39. DIMZAL: A Software Tool to Compute Acceptable Safety Distance

Author: Romain Franceschini, Paul-Antoine Bisgambiglia, Thierry Marcelli, Lucile Rossi, Jean-Louis Rossi, Paul Bisgambiglia, François-Joseph Chatelon, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: 040101 forestry, Fire Model, DEVS, Computer science, Software tool, Mobile Application, Multidisciplinary study, Decision-Making Tool, 020101 civil engineering, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Calculation Tool, Fire research, ASD, Industrial engineering, 0201 civil engineering, Formalism (philosophy of mathematics), Acceptable Safety Distance, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Safety zone, Empirical relationship
Abstract: International audience; The scope of this work is to present a multidisciplinary study in order to propose a tool called DIMZAL. DIMZAL forecasts fuelbreak safety zone sizes. To evaluate a safety zone and to prevent injury, the Acceptable Safety Distance (ASD) between the fire and firefighters is required. This distance is usually set thanks to a general rule-of-thumb: it should be at least 4 times the maximum flame length. A common assumption considers an empirical relationship between fireline intensity and flame length. In the current work which follows on from an oral presentation held at the VII International Conference on Forest Fire Research in Coimbra in 2014, an alternative way is proposed: a closed physical model is applied in order to quantize the ASD. This model is integrated in a software tool, which uses a simulation framework based on Discrete EVent system Specification formalism (DEVS), a 3D physical real-time model of surface fires developed at the University of Corsica and a mobile application based on a Google SDK to display the results.
Published: 2017
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40. Effect of Oxygen on the Burning Behavior of Liquid and Solid Fuels in a Large-Scale Calorimeter

Author: ALIBERT, David, COUTIN, Mickael, Mense, Maxime, Pizzo, Y., Porterie, Bernard, Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Expérimentation des Feux (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF), Service des Agressions Internes et des risques Industriels (IRSN/PSN-RES/SA2I), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSN-RES/SA2I/LEF, and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment
Abstract: International audience; The purpose of this experimental study was two-fold: first, to explore and understand the effects of oxygen availability on the combustion of liquid and solid fuels; second, to provide data for comparison with CFD models. Experiments were conducted in the controlled-atmosphere calorimeter of IRSN, called CADUCEE, varying the oxygen concentration in the oxidizing stream and the size of the fire. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and heptane were used as fuels. Results are found to be in good agreement with the literature data. As the oxygen level decreases, the mass loss rate and flame heat feedback decrease, as well as the flame height and maximum flame temperature, for both fuels whatever the sample size. For heptane pool fires, temperature measurements in the liquid layer reveal a decrease in heat transfer at the fuel surface and inside the fuel with the oxygen molar fraction. For PMMA, the radiative and convective contributions to the total heat flux remain nearly constant, with about 65% and 35% respectively, regardless of sample size and oxygen concentration.
Published: 2019
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41. The FireFlux II experiment: a model-guided field experiment to improve understanding of fire–atmosphere interactions and fire spread

Author: Warren E. Heilman, Toussaint Barboni, Joseph J. O'Brien, Steven K. Krueger, Adam K. Kochanski, Christopher Camacho, Dianne E. Hall, Joseph C. Restaino, Mary Ann Jenkins, Neil P. Lareau, Daisuke Seto, Ben Hornsby, Jan Mandel, Casey Teske, Craig B. Clements, Jonathan Contezac, Jean Baptiste Filippi, Braniff Davis, Bret W. Butler, Roger D. Ottmar, James Flynn, Robert E. Vihnanek, Department of Meteorology and Climate Science [San José], San Jose State University [San José] (SJSU), Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feu, and Tyndall National Institute [Cork]
Subjects: 040101 forestry, Ecology, Fire regime, Meteorology, Field experiment, Poison control, Perturbation (astronomy), Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Combustion, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Wind speed, Plume, law.invention, Ignition system, 13. Climate action, law, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The FireFlux II experiment was conducted in a tall grass prairie located in south-east Texas on 30 January 2013 under a regional burn ban and high fire danger conditions. The goal of the experiment was to better understand micrometeorological aspects of fire spread. The experimental design was guided by the use of a coupled fire–atmosphere model that predicted the fire spread in advance. Preliminary results show that after ignition, a surface pressure perturbation formed and strengthened as the fire front and plume developed, causing an increase in wind velocity at the fire front. The fire-induced winds advected hot combustion gases forward and downwind of the fire front that resulted in acceleration of air through the flame front. Overall, the experiment collected a large set of micrometeorological, air chemistry and fire behaviour data that may provide a comprehensive dataset for evaluating and testing coupled fire–atmosphere model systems.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. FireCaster Decision Support System: on the need for a new fuel description approach

Author: Pérez-Ramirez, Y., Filippi, Jean Baptiste, Ferrat, Lila, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Le feu ... un processus écologique à comprendre et maîtriser pour une gestion intégrée du risque incendie de forêts

Author: Rigolot, Eric, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Groupement de Recherche sur les Feux (GDR). FRA. Groupement Français de Combustion (GFC), FRA., and Prodinra ZT, Migration
Subjects: paradoxe du feu, arbre, pinus pinea, gestion intégrée du feu, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, comportement du feu, écologie du feu, mega-feux, effet du feu sur les arbres, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, pinus halepensis, adaptation des arbres aux feu, brûlage dirigé, mortalité après incendie, gestion intégrée, Milieux et Changements globaux, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2018

44. Simulation of a Large Wildfire in a Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Model

Author: Frédéric Bosseur, Jean Baptiste Filippi, Céline Mari, Christine Lac, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-09-COSI-0006,IDEA,Incendies de forêts : simulation de la dynamique et des émissions atmosphériques par couplage de code(2009), ANR-16-CE04-0006,FireCaster,Plateforme de prévision incendie et de réponse d'urgence.(2016), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric model, Inflow, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Sensible heat, lcsh:QC851-999, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Wind speed, Atmosphere, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, coupling, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 040101 forestry, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plume, mesoscale atmospheric model, 13. Climate action, Turbulence kinetic energy, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, wildland fire, Large eddy simulation
Abstract: The Aullene fire devastated more than 3000 ha of Mediterranean maquis and pine forest in July 2009. The simulation of combustion processes, as well as atmospheric dynamics represents a challenge for such scenarios because of the various involved scales, from the scale of the individual flames to the larger regional scale. A coupled approach between the Meso-NH (Meso-scale Non-Hydrostatic) atmospheric model running in LES (Large Eddy Simulation) mode and the ForeFire fire spread model is proposed for predicting fine- to large-scale effects of this extreme wildfire, showing that such simulation is possible in a reasonable time using current supercomputers. The coupling involves the surface wind to drive the fire, while heat from combustion and water vapor fluxes are injected into the atmosphere at each atmospheric time step. To be representative of the phenomenon, a sub-meter resolution was used for the simulation of the fire front, while atmospheric simulations were performed with nested grids from 2400-m to 50-m resolution. Simulations were run with or without feedback from the fire to the atmospheric model, or without coupling from the atmosphere to the fire. In the two-way mode, the burnt area was reproduced with a good degree of realism at the local scale, where an acceleration in the valley wind and over sloping terrain pushed the fire line to locations in accordance with fire passing point observations. At the regional scale, the simulated fire plume compares well with the satellite image. The study explores the strong fire-atmosphere interactions leading to intense convective updrafts extending above the boundary layer, significant downdrafts behind the fire line in the upper plume, and horizontal wind speeds feeding strong inflow into the base of the convective updrafts. The fire-induced dynamics is induced by strong near-surface sensible heat fluxes reaching maximum values of 240 kW m &minus, 2 . The dynamical production of turbulent kinetic energy in the plume fire is larger in magnitude than the buoyancy contribution, partly due to the sheared initial environment, which promotes larger shear generation and to the shear induced by the updraft itself. The turbulence associated with the fire front is characterized by a quasi-isotropic behavior. The most active part of the Aullene fire lasted 10 h, while 9 h of computation time were required for the 24 million grid points on 900 computer cores.
Published: 2018
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45. Overview of the Meso-NH model version 5.4 and its applications

Author: Lac, Christine, Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre, Masson, Valéry, Pinty, Jean-Pierre, Tulet, Pierre, Escobar, Juan, Leriche, Maud, Barthe, Christelle, Aouizerats, Benjamin, Augros, Clotilde, Aumond, Pierre, Auguste, Franck, Bechtold, Peter, Berthet, Sarah, Bielli, Soline, Bosseur, Frédéric, Caumont, Olivier, Cohard, Jean-Martial, Colin, Jeanne, Couvreux, Fleur, Cuxart, Joan, Delautier, Gaëlle, Dauhut, Thibaut, Ducrocq, Véronique, Filippi, Jean-Baptiste, Gazen, Didier, Geoffroy, Olivier, Gheusi, François, Honnert, Rachel, Lafore, Jean-Philippe, Lebeaupin Brossier, Cindy, Libois, Quentin, Lunet, Thibaut, Mari, Céline, Maric, Tomislav, Mascart, Patrick, Mogé, Maxime, Molinié, Gilles, Nuissier, Olivier, Pantillon, Florian, Peyrillé, Philippe, Pergaud, Julien, Perraud, Emilie, Pianezze, Joris, Redelsperger, Jean-Luc, Ricard, Didier, Richard, Evelyne, Riette, Sébastien, Rodier, Quentin, Schoetter, Robert, Seyfried, Léo, Stein, Joël, Suhre, Karsten, Taufour, Marie, Thouron, Odile, Turner, Sandra, Verrelle, Antoine, Vié, Benoît, Visentin, Florian, Vionnet, Vincent, Wautelet, Philippe, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France, Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), CERFACS, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), CERFACS [Toulouse], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo-France [Paris], Météo France, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology [München], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], Revenue Canada Agency, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Météo France-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VU University Amsterdam, Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Infrastructures et Mobilité (IFSTTAR/IM), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Feux de Forêt, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Associé de Météorologie Physique, Aubière, Compilation pour les Architectures MUlti-coeurS (CAMUS), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biogéosciences [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques ( CNRM ), Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'aérologie - LA ( LA ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones ( LACy ), Météo France-Université de la Réunion ( UR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique ( CERFACS ), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ), Sciences pour l'environnement ( SPE ), Université Pascal Paoli ( UPP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement ( IGE ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), University of the Balearic Islands ( UIB ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale ( LOPS ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Technische Universität München [München] ( TUM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Météo-France
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: This paper presents the Meso-NH model version 5.4. Meso-NH is an atmospheric non hydrostatic research model that is applied to a broad range of resolutions, from synoptic to turbulent scales, and is designed for studies of physics and chemistry. It is a limited-area model employing advanced numerical techniques, including monotonic advection schemes for scalar transport and fourth-order centered or odd-order WENO advection schemes for momentum. The model includes state-of-the-art physics parameterization schemes that are important to represent convective-scale phenomena and turbulent eddies, as well as flows at larger scales. In addition, Meso-NH has been expanded to provide capabilities for a range of Earth system prediction applications such as chemistry and aerosols, electricity and lightning, hydrology, wildland fires, volcanic eruptions, and cyclones with ocean coupling. Here, we present the main innovations to the dynamics and physics of the code since the pioneer paper of Lafore et al. (1998) and provide an overview of recent applications and couplings.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. How 10 years of physical assumptions led to the development of the Balbi model, from labor-atory scale to field scale

Author: Jacques-Henri, Balbi, Chatelon, François-Joseph, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Marcelli, Thierry, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Feux de Forêt, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Rossi, Jean-Louis
Subjects: [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

47. Upslope fire and eruptive fire

Author: Chatelon, François-Joseph, Balbi, Jacques-Henri, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Marcelli, Thierry, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Rossi, Jean-Louis
Subjects: [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

48. Multiple spectrum vision for wildland fires

Author: Lucile Rossi, Moulay A. Akhloufi, Tom Toulouse, Université de Moncton, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Université de Corse (UDC), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Rossi, Lucile
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Computer science, business.industry, Global warming, Environmental resource management, Multispectral image, Climate change, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Image capture, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 3d vision, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Scale (map), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: Wildland fires are considered one of the major natural risks affecting almost every country in the world. The impacts of these fires are huge in term of environmental, economic, and social losses. Experts estimate that with the climate change and global warming, we will witness an increase in the frequency and size of fires in the next years. In this paper, we will present the advances in the use of multiple spectrum computer vision to process, analyze and understand wildland fires behavior. We will introduce different multispectral technologies used in image capture, the techniques developed to detect and extract the fires from the images, and how multispectral fusion is used in the context of wildland fires. We will show our recent results using multiple multimodal stereovision systems where different modalities are combined to extract important fires characteristics in threedimensional space. Finally, we will discuss the use of UAVs to monitor fires at a larger scale.
Published: 2018

49. Multimodal three-dimensional vision for wildland fires detection and analysis

Author: Lucile Rossi, Tom Toulouse, Xavier Maldague, Moulay A. Akhloufi, Rossi, Lucile, University of Moncton, Feux, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Laboratoire de Vision et Systèmes Numériques de l'Université Laval (LVSN), and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: 040101 forestry, business.industry, Computer science, Fire propagation, Feature extraction, Firefighting, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Image segmentation, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Inertial measurement unit, GNSS applications, 0103 physical sciences, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, Representation (mathematics), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: This paper proposes a new multimodal stereovision framework for wildland fires detection and analysis. The proposed system uses near infrared and visible images to robustly segment the fires and extract their three-dimensional characteristics during propagation. It uses multiple multimodal stereovision systems to capture complementary views of the fire front. A new registration approach is proposed, it uses multisensory fusion based on GNSS and IMU data to extract the projection matrix that permits the representation of the 3D reconstructed fire in a common reference frame. The fire parameters are extracted in 3D space during fire propagation using the complete reconstructed fire. The obtained results show the efficiency of the proposed system for wildland fires research and firefighting decision support in operational scenarios.
Published: 2017
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50. A convective model for laboratory fires with well-ordered vertically-oriented fuel beds

Author: Dominique Morvan, François Joseph Chatelon, Jean-Louis Rossi, Jacques Henri Balbi, Thierry Marcelli, Feux de Forêt, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), CPER 2007-2013, Supported in part by the French Ministry of Research, the Corsican Region and the National Center for Scientific Research, under Grant CPER 2007–2013, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: Convection, Work (thermodynamics), Convective heat transfer, Fire spread, General Physics and Astronomy, Model performance, Radiation, Atmospheric sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Range (aeronautics), 0103 physical sciences, Heat transfer, General Materials Science, Radiative effect, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 040101 forestry, Fire dynamics, Mode (statistics), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, Building and Construction, Rate of spread, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science
Abstract: International audience; Several studies in the literature explore the connection between rate of spread (ROS) and wind in wildland fires. These studies show very different positions about the role of radiation and convection as heat transfer mechanisms. In the case when the fuel bed is well-ordered and vertically-oriented, there seems to be a consensus leading to suggest that convective heating is the dominant heat transfer mode in that case. The purpose of this work is to propose a convective semi-physical model for the behaviour of the rate of spread in wind, when the fuel bed is vertically-oriented. Due to a specific fuel bed arrangement, flame radiation -i.e. radiation from the part of the flame above the vegetal stratum is neglected. Only horizontal radiation from the fuel burning particles area and convective heating are taken into account. Convective heat transfer is assumed to be the primary heat transfer mechanism. The proposed model is confronted to 172 laboratory fires with a wide range of fuel characteristics. The predicted results are also compared with two simplified models from the literature. Statistical tools are used to check the agreement between the predicted ROS and the observed one where a strong agreement is generally observed, irrespective of fuel bed characteristics.
Published: 2017
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