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In this article, we present the investigation and outcomes for the deployment of a mini-photovoltaic power system of 800 Wp installed on the rooftop of a guard post at applied research in renewable energy (URAER) in the desert area of Ghardaia. The objective is to characterize and evaluate the behavior and dynamic performance of this kind of photovoltaic plant. The PV system is equipped with photovoltaic panels, a solar regulator (DC/DC), an inverter (DC/AC), and batteries for electrical storage. The solar regulator controls the charge and discharge of batteries. The monitoring system is based on an Agilent 34970a® data logger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the modeling and simulation of a novel dynamic control strategy for 2.4 kWp single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic systems under real outdoor weather conditions using an intelligent Fuzzy–PI MPPT controller. The PV array in the first case is fixed and tilted at a 32° angle, whereas the PV array in the second is equipped with dual-axis sun tracking. The objective is to deliver the maximum power from the PV array and to improve the drawbacks of the classical MPPT control. The optimization is performed using a real-time daily profile of Ghardaia, Algeria (32.24°N – 3.24°W). The proposed MPPT controller (Fuzzy PI MPPT) is optimized under different climatic scenarios based on four selected typical days: the first two days in winter and the second two days in summer. An analysis of the performance and simulation of a photovoltaic conversion system associated with a solar tracker, comparing it from an energy point of view with a fixed photovoltaic converter, has been carried out in Matlab/Simulink software. The results show that grid-connected PV with dual solar tracking enhances the PV array output power efficiency by about 25% compared to a similar fixed PV system. The results show that higher injected power quality is achieved and the overall system has higher efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of photovoltaic (PV) module is affected by outdoor conditions. Outdoor testing consists installing a module, and collecting electrical performance data and climatic data over a certain period of time. It can also include the study of long-term performance under real work conditions. Tests are operated in URAER located in desert region of Ghardaïa (Algeria) characterized by high irradiation and temperature levels. The degradation of PV module with temperature and time exposure to sunlight contributes significantly to the final output from the module, as the output reduces each year. This paper presents a comparative study of different methods to evaluate the degradation of PV module after a long term exposure of more than 12 years in desert region and calculates uncertainties in measuring. Firstly, this evaluation uses three methods: Visual inspection, data given by Solmetric PVA-600 Analyzer translated at Standard Test Condition (STC) and based on the investigation results of the translation equations as ICE 60891. Secondly, the degradation rates calculated for all methods. Finally, a comparison between a degradation rates given by Solmetric PVA-600 analyzer, calculated by simulation model and calculated by two methods (ICE 60891 procedures 1, 2). We achieved a detailed uncertainty study in order to improve the procedure and measurement instrument.

This paper is devoted to the study of the performances of a robust speed sensorless nonlinear control of permanent magnet synchronous machine. In the first part, the controllers are designed using two methods: the first one using the input output feedback linearization control and the second is a nonlinear control based on Lyapunov theory combined with sliding mode control. This second solution shows good robustness with respect to parameter variations, measurement errors and noises. In the second part, the high order sliding mode speed observer is used to overcome the occurring chattering phenomena. The super twisting algorithm is modified in order to design a speed and position observer for PMSM. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the good performance of the proposed control methods.

The outcomes of an experimental study performed on a single grid-connected photovoltaic plant on the roof of parking are disclosed in the present paper. The PV system is located in southern Algeria (Latitude 32.26 N°, and longitude 03.46E°) at the Renewable Energy Applied Research Unit (URAER), Ghardaia, Algeria. This location is a desert and with a semi-arid climate. The performance results had been monitored for one year 2018. The present study aims to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on output parameters of PV systems. The results of some index parameters such as performance ratio (PR), array losses, system losses and yields (reference yield, array yields and system yields) are presented and discussed. Experimental results show that an essential variation in performance parameters has been seen for different seasons. The results show the maximum energy generated, reference yield, array yield, final yield, capacitor factor, capture and system losses in summer were 307,11 kW h/kWp, 5,35 kW h/kWp/day, 5,01 kW h/kWp/day, 4,74 kW h/kWp/day, 20,17%, 0,34 h/day and 0,27 h/day, respectively, while the maximum value of performance ratio (PR) was observed in winter (93, 06%). The grid is fed with a power of 3327, 15 kWh along the year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the paper aims to present a solar power plant performances and economic benefits of 16.28 kWp grid-tied solar PV systems under the real outdoor conditions of Ghardaïa, located in semi-arid area of the Algeria desert. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness, suitability, feasibility and reliably of these plants on the level of desert areas and under the influence of harsh conditions (desert environment) in the first part. In the second part, the contribution of solar PV plant to conventional networks in the arid and semi-arid environment to assess the rate of integration. Based on experimental measurement data, the paper also shows economic benefits of three photovoltaic plants. It was found that from the first January to last August 2019, the total produced energy by all PV arrays was 171.422 MWh which supplied to the internal grid and while, the consumed energy by the URAER unit was 159,094 kWh. Approximately 10, 95 % of the 159,094 MWh energy consumed in the whole year is provided from the generated PV solar energy that is 17,422 MWh. The total energy fed to the internal grid has grown from 27 MWh in 05/04/2018 to a maximum of 67.28 MWh recorded in 31/10/2019. The rate of integration of solar energy by all PV arrays in the internal network of the URAER varied between 6, 60% in January and 22, 96% in April. The integration of this renewable energy generation into the local grid in the URAER unit considered satisfactory over this period of operation. From the first January to last August 2019, the cost of electrical energy produced by solar plants is 2090,64 euro(277706,68 Algerian dinars) while the cost of energy consumed by the Applied Research Unit in renewable energies is 4772,82 euro(664853,826 Algerian dinars). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total or partial shading conditions have a significant impact rate on the capability of delivering energy, in addition to the on-site environmental condition which effects the PV module output production. Generally, the shading effect is caused by the PV generator inter-row configurations, cloudy perturbations, the buildings and trees. In this paper, an investigation study has been carried out by testing different PV module types (mono-crystalline, polycrystalline) under different shading rates. The obtained IV characteristics have been treated through the Bishop model where the power losses occurred on the PV module output, have been evaluated. The measured and estimated I-V characteristic plots illustrated a good agreement and the used model provides an accurate power losses prediction caused by different shading effects, even in desert areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]