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1. Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in a UK university identifies dynamics of transmission

Author

Aggarwal, Dinesh, Warne, Ben, Jahun, Aminu S., Hamilton, William L., Fieldman, Thomas, du Plessis, Louis, Hill, Verity, Blane, Beth, Watkins, Emmeline, Wright, Elizabeth, Hall, Grant, Ludden, Catherine, Myers, Richard, Hosmillo, Myra, Chaudhry, Yasmin, Pinckert, Malte L., Georgana, Iliana, Izuagbe, Rhys, Leek, Danielle, Nsonwu, Olisaeloka, Hughes, Gareth J., Packer, Simon, Page, Andrew J., Metaxaki, Marina, Fuller, Stewart, Weale, Gillian, Holgate, Jon, Brown, Christopher A., Howes, Rob, McFarlane, Duncan, Dougan, Gordon, Pybus, Oliver G., Angelis, Daniela De, Maxwell, Patrick H., Peacock, Sharon J., Weekes, Michael P., Illingworth, Chris, Harrison, Ewan M., Matheson, Nicholas J., and Goodfellow, Ian G.

Published
2022
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2. Enhancing global insight into AMR spread and generation: prospects and limitations of the WHO and quadripartite research agendas.

Author

Fieldman, Thomas, Mossialos, Elias, and Anderson, Michael

Subjects
*DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *ANIMAL health, *WORLD health, *DRUG resistance
Abstract

In Summer 2023, the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)-United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) WHO-World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Quadripartite published two separate research agendas on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While the publication of these research agendas on AMR creates a significant opportunity to align research priorities internationally, we emphasize a number of limitations. Firstly, the production of two separate AMR research agendas, in human health and One Health, rather than one integrated research agenda, risks the continued deprioritization of the One Health agenda. Furthermore, neither research agenda addressed the need to study the relationship between climate change and AMR despite growing evidence to suggest this may be significant. Finally, there are also missed opportunities in directing the study of appropriate treatment regimens and in clarifying the overall most resource-efficient path to combatting AMR. Moving forward, the international research agenda for AMR needs to be continually redefined in an inclusive, transparent and independent manner. This could be the task of the proposed, but so far not realized, Independent Panel on Evidence for Action against AMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in a UK university identifies dynamics of transmission

Author

Aggarwal, Dinesh, Warne, Ben, Jahun, Aminu, Hamilton, William, Fieldman, Thomas, Plessis, Louis, Hill, Verity, Blane, Beth, Watkins, Emmeline, Wright, Elizabeth, Hall, Grant, Ludden, Catherine, Myers, Richard, Hosmillo, Myra, Goodfellow, Yasmin, Pinckert, Malte, Georgana, Iliana, Izuagbe, Rhys, Leek, Danielle, Nsonwu, Olisaeloka, Hughes, Gareth, Packer, Simon, Page, Andrew, Metaxaki, Marina, Fuller, Stewart, Weale, Gillian, Holgate, Jon, Howes, Rob, McFarlane, Duncan, Dougan, Gordon, Pybus, Oliver, Angelis, Daniela De, Maxwell, Patrick, Peacock, Sharon, Weekes, Michael, Illingworth, Chris, Harrison, Ewan, Matheson, Nicholas, Goodfellow, Ian, The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, Bashton, Matthew, Smith, Darren, Young, Greg, Nelson, Andrew, and McCann, Clare

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Transmission (mechanics), Geography, law, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Epidemiology, medicine, B100, C500, Computational biology, C700, law.invention
Abstract

Understanding the drivers for spread of SARS-CoV-2 in higher education settings is important to limit transmission between students, and onward spread into at-risk populations. In this study, we prospectively sequenced 482 SARS-CoV-2 isolates derived from asymptomatic student screening and symptomatic testing of students and staff at the University of Cambridge from 5 October to 6 December 2020. We performed a detailed phylogenetic comparison with 972 isolates from the surrounding community, complemented with epidemiological and contact tracing data, to determine transmission dynamics. After a limited number of viral introductions into the university, the majority of student cases were linked to a single genetic cluster, likely dispersed across the university following social gatherings at a venue outside the university. We identified considerable onward transmission associated with student accommodation and courses; this was effectively contained using local infection control measures and dramatically reduced following a national lockdown. We observed that transmission clusters were largely segregated within the university or within the community. This study highlights key determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and effective interventions in a higher education setting that will inform public health policy during pandemics.

Published
2021

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