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Humans had reached Tasmania by 35 000 years bp and were in residence at the peak of the last ice age. Curiously, the settlements in the coldest period are concentrated [...]

ABSTRACT: Effect of water mist on the small-scale solid fuel PVC (poly vinyl chloride) fire in a confined space has been studied experimentally using a cone calorimeter. In this study, [...]

Building structures subjected to fire will generally experience complex force-temperature paths. In this paper, these paths are expressed simply by two basic paths: the path of constant forces but subjected to elevated temperature (FT path), and the path of constant temperature but subjected to applying forces (TF path). A total of 13 beam specimens subjected to two such basic paths were tested. The results show that the fire resistance for the FT path is different from that for the TF path; the former is always greater than the latter, and the two are similar only when the temperature exceeds 525 [degrees] C or thereabout. However, there are always great differences between their deformations. Therefore, the behaviors of reinforced concrete flexural members subjected to fire are closely dependent on the force-temperature paths they experience. Thus, in fire-resistant design, especially for statically indeterminate structures, to more accurately ascertain their fire resistances the force-temperature path factor cannot be neglected. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002) 128:3(365) CE Database keywords: Concrete reinforced; Fire resistance; Temperature effects; Structural members.

Introduction and Study Sites In 1997-98, East Kalimantan was hit by the most severe El Nino of the 20th century. The area burned was estimated at 5.2 million ha in [...]

Herman Boerhaave, known as a briliant lecturer and demonstrator, began his career in 1703. He was a dedicated empiricist and in a book which came out in 1841 described dozens of demonstrations and experiments that are still useful. He was one of the great systematizers of his time and searched for patterns testing hypotheses and drawing attention to anomalies and the unexplained. Scientists such as Joseph Black, who sorted out some basic thermochemical theory from this work generations later, stand on the shoulders of the scientists who came before, thus seeing further, as Newton said he did.

Transient heat transfer has been studied for stainless foil fire barriers and layered ceramic insulation to optimize a coarse numerical model and range of thermophysical parameters representing the physics of the real problem in a standard test situation. The numerical model can predict thermal performance of the test system. The design of buildings, especially public buildings, is the focus.

A study on the phenomenon of flame spread over liquids presents a unique laser sheet particle track system for measuring velocity profiles for transient flow in a very limited space and confirmed the existence of a gas-phase circulation in the pulsating spread region together with a liquid-phase convection. Another, developed system employing dual wavelength holographic interferometry revealed two-dimensional profiles of fuel concentration over liquids. Both are applied to an experiment for pulsating flame spread over 1-propanol and gaseous 1-propanol.

With the power of both tornadoes and fire, few things are more destructive than a fire whirl. Even in the safe, controlled environment of the lab, fire whirls can cause [...]

Introduction First, we would like to thank the authors of the Discussion for their interest in our paper (Benichou et al. 2013). We think the points that they raised are [...]

Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science conducting a two-dimensional combustion experiment with paper and oxygen established fingering instability. The controlled combustion process and result was also observed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and at the Lewis Research Center.

The discussed paper presented the results of a research project to study the seismic resistance of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened concrete members after fire exposure. The discussers appreciate the [...]

Wielding fire is a quintessentially human pursuit. But chimpanzees are pretty fire-savvy too, a discovery that hints at how our ancestors may have first come to tinker with flames. An [...]

Prescribed burning may be a good way to restore oak forests in the eastern United States. But it might also have unwanted ecological effects. While at Ohio State University Vanessa [...]