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Public Defense: Monday, October 18, 2021, 2pm ET in BU 118 at SCSU. One of the goals of "historical ecology" is to fill in the gaps in scientific data with data gleaned from more ordinary sources – diaries, newspaper reports, historical photographs, etc. Many sources of this data are currently less than usable because the format is not machine-readable or because the data is simply difficult to find. I will be collating sightings of fish in the Long Island Sound and surrounding waters from the weekend recreational fishing reports published by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection from 2006. These articles were (and are) published weekly during the recreational fishing season (April-October in most years) and summarize catches and sightings by local bait and tackle shops, charter and other fishing boats, and individual fishers. At minimum, these reports include species and location; sometimes size (weight or length) is included. I will compare this data to the CT DEEP trawling data (less frequent but more comprehensive) to provide an estimate of validity. I will be supplementing the data from the news articles with geocoordinates based on the named places in the reports (i.e. New Haven Harbor breakwater.) The final product will be a data set consisting of entries for each species, location, and date, with weight, length, and environmental data as available, in a machine-readable format ready for analysis, such as looking for trends in the start, end, and duration of sightings. I will publish the data set openly so that it can be downloaded, reanalyzed, and added to by future researchers.

A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate and Professional Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology Southern Connecticut State University New Haven, Connecticut December 2021 Abstract: In order to properly assess current ecological conditions, we need long-term ecological data. Historical ecology focuses on that long term, including the need to synthesize data from diverse sources. In the Long Island Sound, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection has been collecting data for both scientific and recreational purposes for decades, but the format of the recreational data (narrative) is not suitable for scientific analysis. This project is to collate and annotate game fish occurrence data from the Fishing Report newsletters put out by DEEP every week during the fishing season and the DEEP Trophy Fish annual reports, over a 12-year period. Species, location, and measurement data (as available) have been compiled into a data set, with geolocation coordinates added for the identifiable locations. This thesis consists of the machine-readable dataset, the protocol for collating this data, and an assessment of the suitability of the data for different kinds of analysis. The dataset will be published openly for reuse, reanalysis, and collaborative additions.

The format of the present report is the same as that adopted from the Seychelles Artisanal Fisheries Statistics since 1994. Data are presented by boat gear type thus: Summary (all boat-gear data) Small boat fisheries (several boat-gear combinations) Whaler handline fishery Schooner line fishery Catch, effort and CPUE (all boat-gear type) Published

During 2013, a total of 4150.4Mt of fish was landed on Mahé, Praslin and La Digue by approximately 417 fishing boats where 87.3% of the total catch was landed on Mahé. The total artisanal catch and the number of vessels increased by 1644Mt and 4 vessels (excluding sport fishing vessels) respectively compared to 2012. Published

During 2012, a total of 2506.4 Mt of fish was landed on Mahé, Praslin and La Digue by approximately 412 fishing boats where 84.2% of the total catch was landed on Mahé. The total artisanal catch decreased by 3364.6Mt whilst the number of boats operating increased by 13 vessels (excluding sport fishing vessels) respectively compared to 2011. Published

This Statistical bulletin presents statistics for purse seine fishery, semi industrial longline fishery, artisanal fishery, vessel port activities and expenditures, and fisheries import and export for the year 2014 and 2015. Published

This Statistical bulletin presents statistics for purse seine fishery, semi industrial longline fishery, artisanal fishery, vessel port activities and expenditures, and fisheries import and export for the year 2013 and 2014. Published

This Statistical bulletin presents statistics for purse seine fishery, semi industrial longline fishery, artisanal fishery, vessel port activities and expenditures, and fisheries export for the year 2013 and up to first semester of 2014. The figures presented for the industrial longline fishery are for years 2012 and 2013. Published

During 2011, a total of 2867.5 MT of fish was landed on Mahé, Praslin and La Digue by approximately 424 fishing boats where 91% of the total catch was landed on Mahé. The total artisanal catch increased by 270.9MT whilst the number of boats operating decreased by 14.6 vessels (excluding sport fishing vessels) respectively compared to 2010. Published

A distribuição temporal dos pequenos peixes pelágicos Decapterus russelli (carapau do Índico) e Amblygaster sirm (sardinha manchada) foram estudados com base nas capturas e rendimentos da pesca artesanal (arrasto para praia) obtidos no período de 1999 a 2006 na Baia de Inhambane, sul de Moçambique. Foi feita a associação da ocorrência mensal destas espécies com diversas variáveis meteorológicas, nomeadamente: a temperatura do ar, pluviosidade, força e direcção do vento. No período de estudo foram desembarcados na Baía de Inhambane 11.064 t de pescado sendo 1.628 t (14,7%) de Decapterus russelli e 929 t (8,4%) de Amblygaster sirm. A análise estatística caracteriza o clima da Baia de Inhambane em quatro categorias: no primeiro trimestre o clima é caracterizado por precipitação e temperaturas elevadas; no segundo trimestre por ventos do quadrante Sul; no terceiro trimestre por baixa precipitação e temperatura, aliadas a ventos variáveis; no quarto trimestre por ventos fortes provenientes do primeiro e segundo quadrantes (de Norte a SE). As variáveis meteorológicas seleccionadas explicam, através de análise multi-variada 13,4% da variação nos rendimentos de pesca, o que indica que outros factores ambientais poderão explicar grande parte da variabilidade observada nos rendimentos de ambas espécies. The temporal distribution of the small pelagic fishes Decapterus russelli (indian scad) and Ambligaster sirm (spotted sardinella) where studied taking into account the landings and catch rates from the artisanal fishing sector (beach-seine fishery) for the period 1999-2006 in Inhambane Bay, southern Mozambique. The association of the monthly occurrence (catch rates) of these species was analysed with several hydrometeorological variables, including those of air temperature, rainfall and wind strength and wind direction. During the study period fish landings totalled 11,064 t at Inhambane Bay, with 1.628 t (14.7%) of D.russelli and 929 t (8.4%) of A. sirm. The statistical analysis characterises the Inhambane Bay climate in four categories: on the 1st quarter of the year the climate is characterised by high precipitation, as well as high temperatures; on the 2nd quarter it is characterised by southern winds; on the 3rd quarter is characterised by lower precipitation and temperature with variable winds; on the 4th quarter it is characterised by strong northern and southern winds. The hydrometeorological variables selected show, through multi-variate analyses 13.4% of the variability in catch rates observed, which indicates that other environmental factors are more important for the variability of catch rates of both species. Published Decapterus russelli Amblygaster sirm

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Les captures totales débarquées de la pêche maritime en 2010, s’élèvent à 409 429 tonnes, pour une valeur commerciale estimée à 142 milliards de FCFA, contre 443 056 tonnes représentant une valeur commerciale de 160 milliards de F CFA en 2009. La moyenne des prix unitaires des produits a subi une hausse de près de 22 % entre 2009 et 2010, tiré par le niveau des prix au niveau du sous-secteur industriel. Direction des Pêches Maritimes Published statistique; pêche par espéce; pêche artisanale; pêche industrielle; commercialisation; pêche chalutière; pêche thonière; pêche étrangère

During 2008, a total of 4777 MT of fish was landed on Mahé, Praslin and La Digue by approximately 400 fishing boats. 81% of the total catch was landed on Mahé. The total artisanal catch increased by 593MT compared to 2007, whilst the number of boats operating increased by 49 units over the same period (excluding sport fishing vessels). The most important species groups landed (greater than 5% of the total catch) were carangue (25.7%), bourgeois (17.7%), job (15.8%), capitaine (7.1%), and macquereau doux (6.1%). Peak landings occurred in May (567.1 MT) and the lowest in June (219.2 MT), the latter period coinciding with the Southeast (SE) Trades and sea states not conducive to fishing. The average monthly catch in 2008 was 398.1 MT, representing an increase of 14.3% over the previous year. The mean monthly catch during the SE Trades (June – September, inclusive) was 410.3 MT,compared to a mean monthly catch during the Northwest (NW) monsoon (October – May, inclusive) of 392.1 MT. Catches of bourgeois decrease form 1076.0 MT to 843.4 MT, with peak monthly catches occurring in April. Catches of carangue, capitaine, job, Bonito, red snapper, octopus, becune and other trap fish all increased over the previous year, while those of bourgeois, cordonier,maquereau doux, crabs, other pelagic and shark and rays all declined. The percentage of the total artisanal catch taken by the small boat fishery (pirogues and outboards) was 26%, a slight increased compared to 2007 data. Fishermen on foot landed 0.8% of the total artisanal catch, with octopus catches from this fishery totaling 35.9 MT in 2008. A total of 112 MT of macquereau were landed by pirogues using encircling gillnet. Macquereau (30.1%) follow by cordonnier (15.4%) continued to be the most important species landed by vessels with outboards in 2008, with other important groups in this fishery including carangue (15.3%) and other trap fish (13.2%). In 2008, landings by the small boats and foot fishermen were divided slightly in favour of pelagic and semi-pelagic species (61%) compared to demersal/ reef species (39%). Typical of previous years, the whaler handline fishery dominated artisanal fisheries catches, accounting for 64.2% of total landings in 2008. An average of 103 whalers operated each month during 2007, the same number with 2007. Carangues made up 31.6% of the total whaler handline catch. Other important species in the catch were, in order of importance,bourgeois (20.2%) job (19.9%) and becune (4.2%). A maximum of 22 schooners were in operation during 2008 and these vessels accounted for 11% of total landings. Bourgeois was again the most important species caught by schooners (44.4%), followed by carangues (13.8%),the ‘others’ category (12.5% )and job gris(11.2%) . In terms of contribution to the catch by gear type, handlines continued to be the principal gear used by whaler and schooner vessels. In 2008, nets remained the most important gear used by pirogues . Harpoons are the main gear employed by foot fishermen. Published

This annual report gives the statistical overview of the commercial results of Belgian fisheries for the year 2008.

This annual report gives the statistical overview of the commercial results of Belgian fisheries for the year 2007.

Published pêche maritime; pêche continentale; aquaculture; commercialisation; réglementation; financement; organisation professionnelle; pêche artisanale; pêche industrielle; coopération; accord de pêche; politique de pêche; CSRP; COMHAFAT; INFOPECHE

Published

This annual report gives the statistical overview for landings and totals of the fisheries in Belgian ports for the year 2007.

Contains detailed data on landings and totals of Belgian fisheries in 2006, and additionally information on retained fish, rejected fish and fishery grounds.

This annual report gives the statistical overview of the commercial results of Belgian fisheries for the year 2006.

This document presents the Senegalese maritime fishing statistics in 2006 with the catch from the artisanal fisheries, the industrial fisheries as well as exports and the value of commercial coating.The document also informs on the number of estimated canoes , the estimated number of fishermen, consumption of fresh fish product and processed products. The document also shows fisheries statistics by marine areas. Ministère de l'Economie Maritime, Direction des Pêches Maritimes, Dakar (Sénégal) Published statistique, pêche artisanale, pêche industrielle, commercialisation, pêche maritime

This document presents the Senegalese maritime fishing statistics in 2004 with the catch from the artisanal fisheries, the industrial fisheries as well as exports and the value of commercial coating.The document also informs on the number of estimated canoes , the estimated number of fishermen, consumption of fresh fish product and processed products. The document also shows fisheries statistics by marine areas. Ministère de l'Economie Maritime et des Transports Maritimes Internationaux, Direction des Pêches Maritimes, Dakar (Sénégal) Published statistique, pêche artisanale, pêche industrielle, commercialisation, pêche maritime, pêche par espéce

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We surveyed the River Rupel and River Durme, Flanders, between 10 and 13 April 2006. Both rivers are transitional waters belonging to the Scheldt estuary. The Durme River is a tributary of the Scheldt River in Flanders. It is a relatively small tidal river. Dredging occurs in certain areas. The valley consists of generally low-lying terrain, which is currently nearly entirely protected by dykes against the tides. The Rupel connects the Rivers Nete, Dijle, Zenne, Demer and Gete with the River Scheldt. It is notorious for being heavily polluted. Fish assemblage data were obtained using fyke nets placed for a period of 24 hours. The nets were placed at low tide, emptied the next day at low tide and removed. We surveyed three sites in each river using two fyke nets per site. Table 1 and the map in annex provide the co-ordinates of the sites. Table 2 gives the methodology used.Table 3 provides the descriptive information of the sampled sites and the abiotic variables (oxygen concentration, conductivity and water temperature) which were recorded during the survey.Fish data include species, individual total length and weight. Table 4 gives an overview of the collected species according to the methodology used. Table 5 represents morphometric information of the species per location.Table 6 presents the catch per unit effort per species. In the River Rupel ten different species were collected. This is due to the incoming Scheldt water. In general the water quality is bad due to the River Zenne.Although more species and specimens were collected in the River Durme, there were still less species than one would expect in a pristine water of this type. In total 12 species were collected. In 2006 the purification of the River Zenne should lead to an increase of the water quality. This should have its effect on the River Rupel and the River Scheldt too. Further surveys will allow us to assess the trends in these very dynamic systems.This report is a contribution to the European Interreg IIIb North Sea project Harbasins, aimed at harmonising European river basin management.

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Published

Light fishing operations (LFO) in Ghana is concentrated in the three major coastal municipalities of Greater Accra (Tema), Central (Mumford & Elmina) and Western (Sekondi) Regions; these areas have the port facilities for landing of the catch by the larger inshore vessels that operate the purse seine fishery in Ghana and which predominantly operate the light attraction. Currently there are about 250 registered inshore vessels in the country whose sizes range between 39 – 60 feet , only a small fraction are actually working at the moment due to problems with spare parts and operations. Light attraction is the technique of aggregating fish by artificial light; and light fishing is the process of fishing the attracted fish by hooking, gill-netting or by any other gear (P.P. Dinglasan, 1972). The light source may be by means of a fire torch, pressure kerosene lamp, gas lit lamp and battery or generator assisted incandescent lamp (FAO Training Series, 1988). Currently the light fishing operations in Ghana use mainly the purse seine gear with a small size generator powering the incandescent lamp. They are minimally mechanized using fish finders, a two-way radio for communication and a diesel driven winch drum to facilitate the search and hauling of the catch. Marine fisheries Research Division Published

(1). During 2003 a total of 3,852 Metric Tonnes (MT) of fish was landed on Mahe, Praslin and La Digue by 405 fishing boats. 80.5% of the total catch was landed on Mahe alone. The total artisanal catch decreased by 1063 (MT) compared to 2002, whilst the number of boats operating increased by 31 over the same period (excluding sport fishing vessels). (2). The most important species groups landed (greater than 5% of the total catch) were carangues (33.6%), job (15.8%), bourgeois (9.1%), cordonier (6.6%), capitaine (6.1%), becune (6.0%), and maquereau doux (5.4%). Compared to 2002, there were notable increases in the relative importance of cordonier and bourgeois to the overall catch. (3). Peak landings occurred in November (463.7 MT) and the lowest catch was recorded in September (137.3 MT). The average monthly catch in 2003 was 321 (MT). (4). Slight seasonal variation in total catch was observed in 2003. The mean monthly catch during the months of May — October, inclusive; was 290.5 MT, compared to a mean montly catch of 318.1 MT during the months of December — March, inclusive. In contrast to the patterns observed in 2001 and 2002, the highest catches for carangues occurred in November rather than April. Catches of cordonnier continued to increase (254.7 MT) over the previous two years, with peak monthly catches coinciding with the peak spawning months for those species, namely October to December. (5). The percentage of the total artisanal catch taken by the small boat fishery (pirogues and outboards) was 28.3%, similar to the estimate obtained in 2002. Fishermen on foot landed 0.6% of the total artisanal catch, with octopus catches from this fishery totaling 21.3 MT in 2003. 5.4 MT of maquereau were landed by pirogues using beach seines. Carangues (22.6%) replaced maquereau doux (19.2%) as the most important species landed by vessels with outboards in 2003, other important groups in this fishery including cordonier (22.3%) and other trap fish (11.9%). In 2003, landings by the small boats and foot fishermen were divided equally between pelagic and semi-pelagic species (48.2%) and demersal/ reef species (51.8%). (6). Typical of previous years, the whaler handline fishery dominated artisanal fisheries catches, accounting for 63.4% of total landings in 2003. An average of 96 whalers operated each month during 2003, an increase of 5 vessels compared to 2002. Carangues made up 42.1% of the total whaler handline catch. Other important species in the catch were, in order of importance, job gris (22.1%), becune (8.3%) bourgeois (8.3%) and bonite (3.7%). For the second consecutive year, catches of bourgeois by the whaler handline fishery increased, by 22.2% over 2002. (7). A maximum of 16 schooners were in operation during 2002 and these vessels accounted for 6.8% of total landings. Bourgeois was again the most important species caught (36.9%), followed by the 'others' category (18.6%) and job gris (8.5%). The spanner crab Ranina ranina accounted for 5.8% of schooner landings. (8). Fish purchases from the artisanal fisheries by Oceana Fisheries Co. Ltd. were equivalent to 10.4% total landings (400.7 MT). Major species groups purchased were red snappers and bourgeois (219 MT), job (57.4 MT), groupers (30,6 MT), capitaine (23.2 MT), octopus (21.9 MT) and carangue (17 MT). (9). Fish purchases from foreign longline and purse seine vessels by Oceana Fisheries Co. Ltd. were 245.9 MT during 2002. Species purchased were all pelagic, of which bonito bait was the most common (112.8 MT), followed by yellowfin (40.3 MT), dorade (37.3 MT) and skipjack (14.1 MT). (10). Fish exports by Oceana Fisheries Co. Ltd. amounted to 201.1 MT, a decrease of around 25 MT compared to 2002. These exports were valued at SR 5.6 million (C.I.F). Compared to the previous year, the markets shifted in order of importance in 2003, with Mauritius constituting the major importer of Seychelles fish products (69.9 MT), followed by Reunion (55.6 MT), England (50.1 MT) and France (14.6 MT). Pelagic fishes (33.8%), bourgeois (29.5%) and job (15.8%) were the most important fish groups exported. (11). A comparison of data collected between 1991 and 2003 follows, The proportion of catch by boat type and number of boats operating shown in the following table does not include the research vessel (RJV L'Amitie) of the Seychelles Fishing Authority, which landed 3.1 MT of fish in 2003, contributing 0.1% to the total artisanal catch. Published

(1). During 2002 an estimated total of 4915 tonnes of fish was landed on Mahe, Praslin and La Digue by 374 fishing boats. 83.1% of the total catch was landed on Mahe alone. The total catch increased by 625 tonnes compared to 2001, and the number of boats operating decreased by 3 over the same period. (2). The most important species groups landed (greater than 5% of the total catch) were carangues (41.5%), job (12.4%), capitaine (6.8%), becune (6.1%), maquereau doux (5.7%) and bourgeois (5.7%). (3). Peak landings occurred in October (576.5 MT) and the lowest catch was recorded in January (222.51 MT). The average catch per month was 409.6 tonnes. (4). Seasonal variation in catches of demersal species was less marked compared to previous years. The mean monthly catch during the SE Trades (May — October, inclusive) was 420.5 MT, compared to a mean monthly catch of 359.4 MT during the NW monsoon (December — March, inclusive). High catches were probably maintained during the period of May to October in 2002 due to the comparatively weak strength of the SE Trades in that year, as determined by lower than average wind speeds for most months in that period (Meteorological Office, pers. comm.). Identical to the pattern observed in 2001, the highest catches for carangues occurred in April. Catches of cordonnier in 2002 (203.0 MT) were more than double those recorded in 2001 (90.5), and were lowest during the period of March to June, inclusive. (5). In total, the small boat fishery accounted for 26.4% of fish landings during 2002. Compared to the total artisanal catch, the percentage catch by boat type for the small boat fishery was as follows: fishermen on foot — 0.6%; pirogues — 0.6%; outboards -25.2% and whalers with traps — 2.2%. Fishermen on foot mostly landed octopus (87.0%), although cordonnier catches by this category were also recorded in 2002 (12.6%). Due to changes in fisheries fieldworker coverage in 2002, landings of maquereau by pirogue were not recorded, with cordonnier (57.6%) and other trap fish (23.2%) dominating landings instead. The predominant species groups landed by outboards were, in order of importance, maquereau doux (22.6%), carangues (21.7%), other trap fish (13.9%) and cordonnier (13.6%). Whalers with traps landed mainly capitaine (61.3%), other trap fish (20.1%) and cordonnier (12.3%). In 2002, landings by the small boat fleet were once again approximately divided equally between pelagic (51.3%) and demersal/ reef species (47.4%). (6). The whaler handline fishery accounted for 67.9% of total landings. An average of 91 whalers operated each month during 2002, indicating an increase of 1 vessel operating when compared to 2001. Carangues made up 52.5% of the total whaler handline catch. Other important species in the catch were, in order of importance, job gris (16.4%), becune (8.4%) bourgeois (5.0%), bordemar (2.6%) and vara vara (2.2%). Catches of Bourgeois decreased by 28.8% in 2002 compared to the catch of 2001. (7). Purchases from the artisanal fisheries by Oceana Fisheries were equivalent to 10.3% of total landings (504.2 MT). Oceana Fisheries purchased all fish from the Port Victoria site. Major species groups purchased were red snappers and bourgeois (57.5%), job (12.7%), groupers (5.2%) and capitaine (5.9 %). (8). Fish purchases from foreign longline vessels were in the order of 152.3 MT of frozen fish (gutted and ungutted) during 2002. Species purchased were all pelagic, of which bonito bait was the most common (98.0 MT), followed by yellowfin (18.9 MT), dorade (12.6 MT) and skipjack (12.6 MT). (9). Fish exports by Oceana Fisheries amounted to 226.6 MT, 85.9% of which was fresh and 14.1% frozen. These exports were valued at SR 7.1 million (CIF). Major destinations for the fish were England (34.5%), Reunion (30.3%) and Mauritius (17.0%). Pelagic fish (41.5%), bourgeois (23.4%), and Job (19.2%). formed the most important fish groups exported. (10). A comparison of data collected between 1990 and 2002 follows. The proportion of catch by boat type and number of boats operating shown in the following table do not include the research vessels of the Seychelles Fishing Authority which landed 11.7 tonnes of fish in 2002, contributing 0.2% of the total catch. Published

This is the River Axe Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Axe Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. This document is part of a national initiative to produce action plans for the management of all the main salmon rivers of England and Wales by 2003. The aim of this plan is (i) to assess the status of the salmon stocks and fisheries of the River Axe - including the use of Conservation Limits as part of this process, (ii) to identify factors which may be limiting stock and fishery performance and (iii) to propose remedial measures address these factors. The salmon stock of the River Axe was apparently in a healthy state in the 1950s, supporting net and rod fisheries with average annual catches of around 100 and 50 fish respectively. Catches declined through the 1970s and 1980s to the extent where no salmon were recorded in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This decline was probably due largely to the effects of agricultural pollution, which virtually extinguished the salmon stock of the River Axe. Water quality has subsequently improved, but has deteriorated again in recent years. Environment Agency Archives North West

This is the River Yealm Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Yealm Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Yealm Salmon Action Plan follows the format of those completed for the rivers Tamar, Lynher, Tavy, Camel, Fowey and Plym. It is the final one of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by Cornwall Area. The River Yealm SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Notably there are potable water abstractions in the headwaters, workings for china clay on the main tributary, two inert waste landfill sites and an aggregate quarry adjacent to the main river and inputs from several Sewage Treatment Works (STW) and two industrial estates. The main River Yealm has been designated as River Ecosystem Class 1 for its water quality objectives. This is the highest water quality target set for rivers. Environment Agency Archives South West

This is the River Dart Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Dart Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The north of the River Dart catchment is included in the Dartmoor candidate Special Area of Conservation (cSAC), designated under the Council EC Directive 92/43/EEC, the “Habitats Directive”. One of the conservation objectives for the cSAC is to maintain the habitat for Atlantic Salmon, Salmo Salar in favourable condition. The River Dart is an important salmon, sea trout and brown trout fishery with no significant coarse fishery. However, eels are ubiquitous throughout the catchment and are lightly exploited. The River Dart SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Environment Agency Archives South West

This is the Effect of water quality on coarse fish productivity and movement in the Lower River Irwell and Upper Manchester Ship Canal: a watercourse recovering from historical pollution report produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of water quality upon coarse fish population dynamics in a lowland, urban watercourse. All of the research carried was undertaken in the lower River Irwell and upper Manchester Ship Canal, between February 1998 and December 2001. Of particular interest was the natural sustainability of the urban fishery given recent concern raised in the angling community over an apparent decline in coarse fish populations in lowland rivers. The research described in this report has concentrated upon the role of water quality in determining coarse fish population dynamics, and in particular: The impact of water quality upon fish growth and productivity; The impact of poor water quality and low dissolved oxygen concentrations upon fish distribution and movement; The impact of water quality upon the sexual development of fish. Environment Agency Archives North West

Published

This is the Rivers Avon & Erme Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. This document is part of a national initiative to produce action plans for the management of all the main salmon rivers of England and Wales by 2003. The aim of this plan is (i) to assess the status of the salmon stocks and fisheries of the rivers Avon and Erme - including the use of Conservation Limits as part of this process, (ii) to identify factors which may limiting stock and fishery performance and (iii) to propose remedial measures address these factors. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the Rivers Avon & Erme Salmon Action Plan (SAP). While the stocks of both rivers have exceeded their respective conservation limits occasionally in individual years, only the Erme has achieved a period of statistical compliance since 1993. It is possible that this situation is largely normal, due to the steep nature of the rivers, obstructions to migration and dependence on suitable flow conditions occurring at the right time of year. The decline of the spring-running component of the stocks has left the populations dependent on autumn flows for the success of the late running component. Actions required to improve compliance with Conservation Limits are proposed and prioritised. The urgent actions relate to the need to improve the consistency with which adequate numbers of salmon reach and utilise fully all the accessible areas of the river systems. This document is intended to be dynamic, with opportunities for review occurring at regular intervals. For example, as the science of fisheries management improves, particularly in the setting of Conservation Limits, so the targets may be altered to reflect any improved methodology. Environment Agency Archives South West

This is the River Plym Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Plym Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Plym SAP follows the format of those completed for the rivers Tamar, Lynher, Tavy, Camel and Fowey. It is the sixth of seven action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers managed by Cornwall Area. The River Plym SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. Notably, there are historic workings for china clay and a significant potable water supply at Burrator Reservoir. The main River Plym has been designated as River Ecosystem class 1 for its water quality objectives. This is the highest water quality target set for rivers. This standard has been met in all reaches of the main River Plym and River Meavy. Environment Agency Archives South West

This is the River Teign Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Teign Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This approach to salmon management within the England and Wales introduces the concept of river-specific Conservation Limits as a method of assessing the status of the salmon stock. The River Teign Salmon Action Plan follows the format of those completed for the Rivers Torridge, Taw and Dart. It is the fourth of eight action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers within the Devon Area Fisheries, Recreation and Biodiversity Team. The River Teign SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. The Teign salmon stock is currently failing to meet its conservation limit. This failure is largely attributed to the reduction in the survival rate during the marine phase of the salmon life cycle. This is likely to constrain stocks to lower levels than have existed historically. Still further catch controls may contribute to a reduction in exploitation rates and allow stocks to recover to meet their conservation limit. Other important actions include the continuation of habitat improvement works which aim to maximise spawning habitat utilisation, spawning success, and juvenile survival and production. Environment Agency Archives South West

In 1996 a Strategy for the Management of Salmon in England and Wales was launched by the National Rivers Authority setting out objectives for the management of Salmon fisheries. These objectives are to be met through local Salmon Action Plans which are to be produced for each of the 68 principal salmon rivers in England and Wales by December 2003.A consultation document was produced for the river Wyre and released publicly during October 2003. This document:• Determined an egg deposition figure of 1.27 million eggs which would allow maximum gain from the fisheries• Raised a number of issues which are though to limit existing salmon production.• Identified actions which may be undertaken by the Environment Agency and other bodies to improved stocks.The document looks at the issues in the consultation document and also highlights some important changes to historic egg deposition rates following furtheranalysis of the data.Some of the major issues addressed in the plan are:• Severe low flows on specific tributaries• Reduced juvenile production caused by insufficient habitat.• Changes in flow regime resulting in the wash out of gravels and redds.• The impact of man made structures preventing access to suitable spawning areas, and preventing the downstream distribution of spawning gravels. Environment Agency Archives North West

This is the River Exe Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Exe Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This strategy represents an entirely new approach to salmon management within the UK and introduces the concept of river-specific salmon spawning targets as a salmon management tool. The River Exe SAP follows the format of those completed for the Rivers Teign, Torridge, Taw and Dart. It is the fifth of eight action plans that will be produced for salmon rivers within Devon Area. The River Exe SAP contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. The Exe salmon stock is judged to be meeting its Conservation Limit. However, this assessment is uncertain as it is based on an estimate of rod exploitation rate, which in itself is also uncertain. At present there is no means of accurately assessing the River Exe salmon run. In common with many other rivers, estimation of stock using catch statistics and rod exploitation rate is the model used, when direct assessment is not possible. The installation of a fish counter on the lower river, or the use of other direct counting methods, would help to provide a direct assessment of the annual run of salmon into the river. This would improve our ability to estimate the spawning escapement and hence assess compliance with the Conservation Limit. Environment Agency Archives South West

This is the River Lyn Salmon Action Plan Consultation document produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The report pays attention on the external consultation of the River Lyn Salmon Action Plan (SAP). This approach to salmon management within the England and Wales introduces the concept of river-specific Conservation Limits as a method of assessing the status of the salmon stock. The River Lyn Salmon Action Plan follows the format of those completed for the Rivers Exe, Axe, Avon & Erme, Teign, Torridge, Taw and Dart. It is the last of eight action plans that have been produced for salmon rivers within Devon Area. The River Lyn Salmon Action Plan contains a description of the river catchment and highlights particular features that are relevant to the salmon population and the associated fishery. The Lyn salmon stock is judged to be meeting its Conservation Limit. However, this assessment is uncertain as it is based on an estimate of rod exploitation rate, which in itself is also uncertain. Environment Agency Archives South West

Catch statistics and fishing craft statistics are presented for the Indian Ocean tuna fisheries for the period 1990-1999. The former are presented by species, country, year and by gear. Details are also given of the number of fisheries crafts in the national fleets, in order to provide information on the economic and technical development of the fisheries and to provide an approximate idea of fluctuations in fishing effort. Published

This is the 2001 annual report on fisheries in the North West produced by the Environment Agency North West in 2002. This report has four main aims: to inform the Agency’s customers of developments within the Agency, to inform the Agency’s customers of the work carried out by the Agency, to publish information on the performance of fisheries and the Fisheries Department, and to be a source of future reference. The fisheries service is funded in the main by a mixture of rod licence income and government grant-in-aid. The latter has declined substantially since the mid 1990’s and we are increasingly reliant on licence income to fund fisheries work. The environment agency had managed to use some of this money to fund their Urban Fisheries Development Programme, (UFDP). This is aimed at delivering new or improved fisheries in areas where demand for fishing is high, but where available fisheries are few in number or of poor quality. This work is dependent on good co-operation with local angling clubs, councils and other interests. Environment Agency Archives North West

The fishing of kapenta (Limnothrissa miodon, Boulenger 1906) on the Cahora Bassa Dam started around 1992, when considerable stocks of this species were discovered in the lake. The species is believed to have successful established in the Dam following a natural introduction through a downstream movement from Kariba dam where it was introduced in 1967/68. Fisheries statistics on the kapenta fishery have been collected since 1993 by the Ministry of Fisheries through the Provincial Offices for Fisheries Administration of Tete (SPAP - Tete) but only data from 1995 onward are available on the database of the Ministry of Fisheries and these are the data that was used for compiling the present report on which trends of fishing effort, catch and CPUE are analyzed. Catch and effort have increased with time, from a minimum of the 4 thousand metric tons for an annual fishing effort of 36 fishing rigs in 1995 to a maximum of 12 tons for a fishing effort of 135 rigs while CPUE followed a decreasing trend during the same period. Correlation analysis between catch and effort suggests that probably environmental factors may have influence on catch variation than the increase on fishing effort. Two models were applied for calculating MSY and FMSY resulting in two pairs of roof leading to two scenario of fisheries management. 10137 tons and a FMSY of 177 fishing rigs were computed using Schaefer model while 11690 tons and a FMSY of 278 were obtained using Fox model. Considering the differences between the two results and considering the fact that the two models have no differences in terms of precision and the fact that their determination coefficient are not different it is suggested, using the precautionary principle that result from Schaefer model be a adopted for fisheries management purpose.