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8. Product lifetimes and industrial ecology.

Author

Richter, Jessika Luth, Makov, Tamar, Parajuly, Keshav, Bakker, Conny, and Fitzpatrick, Colin

Subjects
CONSUMER behavior, SPARE parts, INDUSTRIAL research, OPTICAL character recognition, INDUSTRIAL ecology
Abstract

The Journal of Industrial Ecology explores the intersection of natural and economic systems, focusing on methodologies to minimize environmental impacts of material goods. The special issue on product lifetimes delves into the complexities of extending product lifetimes to reduce environmental impacts, with a focus on repairability, value frameworks, and barriers to longevity. The articles highlight the need for interdisciplinary approaches and empirical validation to develop effective strategies for product lifetime extension within a circular economy framework. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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9. Impact of omission of routine blood monitoring of stable patients living with HIV during the coronavirus pandemic.

Author

Swift, Eleanor, Upton, George, Fitzpatrick, Colin, Roberts, Jonathan, Gilleece, Yvonne, and Clarke, Amanda

Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility, BLOOD testing, T-test (Statistics), HIV infections, EVALUATION of medical care, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, DATA analysis software, CONFIDENCE intervals, COVID-19 pandemic, EVALUATION
Abstract

Introduction: The British HIV Association (BHIVA) guidelines were amended during the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic, allowing for less frequent monitoring of routine bloods. We assessed the impact of this on patient outcomes. Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2021, routine blood appointments at our HIV clinic were replaced by virtual consultations in 'stable' people living with HIV (PLWH), defined using standard operating procedure (SOP) criteria. All had an undetectable HIV viral load (VL) (<50 copies/mL). Demographic, HIV clinical information, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) data were collated using the electronic patient record (EPR). Blood results from before (baseline) and after (follow‐up) the omitted appointment were analysed for each parameter. Results: In all, 791/2395 PLWH were scheduled to have blood tests omitted; 381 were excluded for reasons including not fitting the SOP criteria or presenting to clinic early, and 410 were included in analysis. The demographics of the group were consistent with our whole HIV cohort. HIV VL became detectable in 8/410 individuals (1.95%, range 51–730 copies/mL). VL resuppressed in 6/8 after a median of 29 days. VL remained detectable in two individuals, both of whom remain in care. Routine blood monitoring revealed baseline and follow‐up blood parameters that were largely within normal range. Four out of 12 parameters had statistically significant changes but were not considered clinically significant; 59/410 (14.4%) changed ART, most commonly for simplification. Conclusion: For the majority of stable PLWH included in our evaluation, the omission of routine blood monitoring during the pandemic did not have a negative impact on HIV suppression or blood monitoring outcomes. ART switch was uncommon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Incoming HIV virion-derived Gag Spacer Peptide 2 (p1) is a target of effective CD8+ T cell antiviral responses

Author

Sandström, Eric, Darbyshire, Janet, Post, Frank, Conlon, Christopher, Anderson, Jane, Maini, Mala, Peto, Timothy, Sasieni, Peter, Miller, Veronica, Weller, Ian, Fidler, Sarah, Frater, John, Babiker, Abdel, Stöhr, Wolfgang, Pett, Sarah, Dorrell, Lucy, Pace, Matthew, Olejniczak, Natalia, Brown, Helen, Robinson, Nicola, Kopycinski, Jakub, Yang, Hongbing, Hanke, Tomáš, Crook, Alison, Kaye, Steven, McClure, Myra, Erlwein, Otto, Lovell, Andrew, Khan, Maryam, Gabrielle, Michelle, Bennett, Rachel, Sy, Aminata, Gregory, Adam, Hudson, Fleur, Russell, Charlotte, Wood, Gemma, Box, Hanna, Kingsley, Cherry, Topping, Katie, Lever, Andrew, Wills, Mark, Fun, Axel, Bandara, Mikaila, Kelly, Damian, Collins, Simon, Markham, Alex, Rauchenberger, Mary, Sowunmi, Yinka, Shidfar, Shaadi, Hague, Dominic, Nelson, Mark, Cerrone, Maddalena, Castrillo Martinez, Nadia, Barber, Tristan, Schoolmeesters, Alexandra, Weaver, Christine, Thunder, Orla, Rowlands, Jane, Higgs, Christopher, Fedele, Serge, Bracchi, Margherita, Thomas, Lervina, Bourke, Peter, Nwokolo, Nneka, Lawrenson, Gaynor, Fiorino, Marzia, Lukha, Hinal, Kinloch-de Loes, Sabine, Johnson, Margaret, Nightingale, Alice, Ngwu, Nnenna, Byrne, Patrick, Cuthbertson, Zoe, Jones, Martin, Fernandez, Tina, Clarke, Amanda, Fisher, Martin, Gleig, Rebecca, Trevitt, Vittorio, Fitzpatrick, Colin, Adams, Tanya, Finnerty, Fiounnuala, Thornhill, John, Lewis, Heather, Kuldanek, Kristin, Fox, Julie, Lwanga, Julianne, Uzu, Hiromi, Lee, Ming, Merle, Simon, O’Rourke, Patrick, Jendrulek, Isabel, Zarko Flynn, Taras, Taylor, Mark, Manuel Tiraboschi, Juan, Murray, Tammy, Llano, Anuska, Cedeño, Samandhy, von Delft, Annette, Corcuera, Angelica, Gillespie, Geraldine M., Knox, Andrew, Leneghan, Darren B., Mothe, Beatriz, Mak, Johnson, Brander, Christian, and Ternette, Nicola

Published
2021
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23. Antiretroviral therapy alone versus antiretroviral therapy with a kick and kill approach, on measures of the HIV reservoir in participants with recent HIV infection (the RIVER trial): a phase 2, randomised trial

Author

Sandström, Eric, Darbyshire, Janet, Post, Frank, Conlon, Christopher, Anderson, Jane, Maini, Mala, Peto, Timothy, Sasieni, Peter, Miller, Veronica, Weller, Ian, Fidler, Sarah, Frater, John, Babiker, Abdel, Stöhr, Wolfgang, Pett, Sarah, Dorrell, Lucy, Pace, Matthew, Olejniczak, Natalia, Brown, Helen, Robinson, Nicola, Kopycinski, Jakub, Yang, Hongbing, Hanke, Tomáš, Crook, Alison, Kaye, Steven, McClure, Myra, Erlwein, Otto, Lovell, Andrew, Khan, Maryam, Gabrielle, Michelle, Bennett, Rachel, Sy, Aminata, Gregory, Adam, Hudson, Fleur, Russell, Charlotte, Wood, Gemma, Box, Hanna, Kingsley, Cherry, Topping, Katie, Lever, Andrew, Wills, Mark, Fun, Axel, Bandara, Mikaila, Kelly, Damian, Collins, Simon, Markham, Alex, Rauchenberger, Mary, Sowunmi, Yinka, Shidfar, Shaadi, Hague, Dominic, Nelson, Mark, Cerrone, Maddalena, Castrillo Martinez, Nadia, Barber, Tristan, Schoolmeesters, Alexandra, Weaver, Christine, Thunder, Orla, Rowlands, Jane, Higgs, Christopher, Fedele, Serge, Bracchi, Margherita, Thomas, Lervina, Bourke, Peter, Nwokolo, Nneka, Lawrenson, Gaynor, Fiorino, Marzia, Lukha, Hinal, Kinloch-de Loes, Sabine, Johnson, Margaret, Nightingale, Alice, Ngwu, Nnenna, Byrne, Patrick, Cuthbertson, Zoe, Jones, Martin, Fernandez, Tina, Clarke, Amanda, Fisher, Martin, Gleig, Rebecca, Trevitt, Vittorio, Fitzpatrick, Colin, Adams, Tanya, Finnerty, Fiounnuala, Thornhill, John, Lewis, Heather, Kuldanek, Kristin, Fox, Julie, Lwanga, Julianne, Uzu, Hiromi, Lee, Ming, Merle, Simon, O'Rourke, Patrick, Jendrulek, Isabel, ZarkoFlynn, Taras, Taylor, Mark, Tiraboschi, Juan Manuel, Murray, Tammy, Pace, Matt, Howell, Bonnie, Barnard, Richard, Wu, Guoxin, and Kaye, Steve

Published
2020
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39. Product repair in a circular economy: Exploring public repair behavior from a systems perspective.

Author

Parajuly, Keshav, Green, James, Richter, Jessika, Johnson, Michael, Rückschloss, Jana, Peeters, Jef, Kuehr, Ruediger, and Fitzpatrick, Colin

Abstract

Repair practices are driven not only by consumers' internal motivation, but also by external infrastructural, social including cultural, financial, and political factors. We explore these factors with the goal of understanding the public repair of electrical and electronic products (e‐products) from a systems perspective to help devise appropriate change interventions. We document (a) behavioral aspects, (b) techno‐economic factors, and (c) intervention strategies aimed at promoting repair practices. To gauge this, a survey was administered among 922 volunteers across 14 countries with experience in repairing e‐products at public repair events. Findings suggest that while behavioral constructs including personal values, beliefs, and attitudes toward product repair are the main proximal drivers of intention to repair, the ability to repair plays an important role. Further, these individual factors are influenced by the techno‐economic settings such as access to repair services, economic benefits, and the ease of product repair stands out as the key enablers for product lifetime extension. As per intervention strategies, the results highlight economic incentives, regulatory requirements, and public awareness as the key drivers. However, influencing repair behavior directly may not always be the most effective strategy. New initiatives to improve involvement should focus on more repairable products, exploiting the innovative potentials of commercial as well as non‐profit repair initiatives, education, and supporting the development of skills among volunteer repairers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Product lifetime, Right to Repair, and Repair Cafes

Author

Parajuly, Keshav, primary, Green, James, additional, Rückschloss, Jana, additional, Peeters, Jef, additional, Richter, Jessika, additional, Johnson, Michael, additional, Kuehr, Ruediger, additional, and Fitzpatrick, Colin, additional

Published
2021
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43. Political Agenda

Author

Easterday, Matthew W., primary, Krupnikov, Yanna, additional, Fitzpatrick, Colin, additional, Barhumi, Salwa, additional, and Hope, Alexis, additional

Published
2019
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45. Characterizing IT asset disposition flows for the circular economy: A case study on export for reuse from Ireland

Author

McMahon, K.S. (author), Uchendu, Chidinma (author), Fitzpatrick, Colin (author), McMahon, K.S. (author), Uchendu, Chidinma (author), and Fitzpatrick, Colin (author)

Abstract

Understanding flows of resource-rich electrical and electronic equipment throughout its life cycle is increasingly important in the development of global circular economies, reflected by heavy legislative focuses on waste prevention and resource use efficiency. This research facilitates broader material flow analysis by characterizing flows of professional IT equipment within the Republic of Ireland, emphasizing the flow of legal exports for the purposes of refurbishment and reuse. The analysis of transboundary movement of non-waste used equipment contributes to a less often measured, but influential, facet of material flows. Eight key exporters of used equipment, comprising original equipment manufacturers, information technology asset disposition companies, and waste treatment facilities, were interviewed to characterize the sector, map the flow of materials, and identify gaps in existing reporting. Interviewed organizations declared exports of used equipment by category using a voluntary declaration form. Two key flows were identified representing currently unreported and unmeasured flows of non-waste professional equipment. A total of 441,261 units of equipment were declared to be exported for reuse from the Republic of Ireland through these previously unmeasured flows in 2019. Product keys developed by United Nations University were used to estimate the weight of total units exported as approximately 576 metric tons, amounting to an additional approximately 9% of the weight of IT equipment collected in the Republic of Ireland in 2018, or 0.1 kg per inhabitant. These quantifications of IT equipment exported for reuse will be a key component of future material flow analyses in the development of a circular economy., Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior

Published
2023
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46. 10 Insights from Industrial Ecology for the Circular Economy

Author

van Ewijk, Stijn (author), Ashton, Weslynne S. (author), Berrill, Peter (author), Cao, Zhi (author), Chertow, Marian (author), Chopra, Shauhrat S. (author), Fishman, Tomer (author), Fitzpatrick, Colin (author), Sprecher, Benjamin (author), van Ewijk, Stijn (author), Ashton, Weslynne S. (author), Berrill, Peter (author), Cao, Zhi (author), Chertow, Marian (author), Chopra, Shauhrat S. (author), Fishman, Tomer (author), Fitzpatrick, Colin (author), and Sprecher, Benjamin (author)

Abstract

This white paper presents 10 insights into the circular economy from the field of industrial ecology. Industrial ecology is a scientific field that takes a systems perspective to explore the society-wide use of materials and energy and address the related impacts on the natural environment. The circular economy is a framework for sustainable resource management that shapes government policy (McDowall et al. 2017), business model innovation (Lüdeke-Freund, Gold, and Bocken 2019) and public research agendas (Leipold et al. 2022)., Design for Sustainability

Published
2023
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