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2. Marine mammal hotspots across the circumpolar Arctic

Author

Hamilton, Charmain D., Lydersen, Christian, Aars, Jon, Acquarone, Mario, Atwood, Todd, Baylis, Alastair, Biuw, Martin, Boltunov, Andrei N., Born, Erik W., Boveng, Peter, Brown, Tanya M., Cameron, Michael, Citta, John, Crawford, Justin, Dietz, Rune, Elias, Jim, Ferguson, Steven H., Fisk, Aaron, Folkow, Lars P., Frost, Kathryn J., Glazov, Dmitri M., Granquist, Sandra M., Gryba, Rowenna, Harwood, Lois, Haug, Tore, Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter, Hussey, Nigel E., Kalinek, Jimmy, Laidre, Kristin L., Litovka, Dennis I., London, Josh M., Loseto, Lisa L., MacPhee, Shannon, Marcoux, Marianne, Matthews, Cory J. D., Nilssen, Kjell, Nordøy, Erling S., O’Corry-Crowe, Greg, Øien, Nils, Olsen, Morten Tange, Quakenbush, Lori, Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu, Semenova, Varvara, Shelden, Kim E. W., Shpak, Olga V., Stenson, Garry, Storrie, Luke, Sveegaard, Signe, Teilmann, Jonas, Ugarte, Fernando, Von Duyke, Andrew L., Watt, Cortney, Wiig, Øystein, Wilson, Ryan R., Yurkowski, David J., and Kovacs, Kit M.

Published
2022

5. Tissue distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in wild animals with a focus on artiodactyls, mustelids and phocids

Author

Lean, Fabian Z.X., Cox, Ruth, Madslien, Knut, Spiro, Simon, Nymo, Ingebjørg Helena, Bröjer, Caroline, Neimanis, Aleksija, Lawson, Becki, Holmes, Paul, Man, Catherine, Folkow, Lars P., Gough, Julie, Ackroyd, Stuart, Evans, Liam, Wrigglesworth, Ethan, Grimholt, Unni, McElhinney, Lorraine, Brookes, Sharon M., Delahay, Richard J., and Núñez, Alejandro

Published
2023
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9. Marine mammal hotspots in the Greenland and Barents Seas

Author

Hamilton, Charmain D., Lydersen, Christian, Aars, Jon, Biuw, Martin, Boltunov, Andrei N., Born, Erik W., Dietz, Rune, Folkow, Lars P., Glazov, Dmitri M., Haug, Tore, Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter, Kettemer, Lisa E., Laidre, Kristin L., Øien, Nils, Nordøy, Erling S., Rikardsen, Audun H., Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu, Semenova, Varvara, Shpak, Olga V., Sveegaard, Signe, Ugarte, Fernando, Wiig, Øystein, and Kovacs, Kit M.

Published
2021

32. Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from Environmental drivers of population-level variation in the migratory and diving ontogeny of an Arctic top predator

Author

Grecian, W. James, Stenson, Garry B., Biuw, Martin, Boehme, Lars, Folkow, Lars P., Goulet, Pierre J., Jonsen, Ian D., Malde, Aleksander, Nord��y, Erling S., Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu, and Smout, Sophie

Subjects
human activities
Abstract

The development of migratory strategies that enable juveniles to survive to sexual maturity is critical for species that exploit seasonal niches. For animals that forage via breath-hold diving, this requires a combination of both physiological and foraging skill development. Here, we assess how migratory and dive behaviour develop over the first year of life for a migratory Arctic top predator, the harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus, tracked using animal-borne satellite relay data loggers. We reveal similarities in migratory movements and differences in diving behaviour between 38 juveniles tracked from the Greenland Sea and Northwest Atlantic breeding populations. In both regions, periods of resident and transitory behaviour during migration were associated with proxies for food availability: sea ice concentration and bathymetric depth. However, while ontogenetic development of dive behaviour was similar for both populations of juveniles over the first 25 days, after this time Greenland Sea animals performed shorter and shallower dives and were more closely associated with sea ice than Northwest Atlantic animals. Together, these results highlight the role of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in shaping early life behaviour. Variation in the environmental conditions experienced during early life may shape how different populations respond to the rapid changes occurring in the Arctic ocean ecosystem.

Published
2022
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41. Hypoxia tolerance in mammals and birds: From wilderness to the clinic

Author

Ramirex. Jan-Marino, Folkow, Lars P., and Blix, Arnoldus S.

Subjects
Hibernation -- Research, Sleep apnea syndromes -- Causes of, Sleep apnea syndromes -- Risk factors, Hypoxia -- Risk factors, Hypoxia -- Health aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Mammals and birds cope with deficiency in oxygen availability through reductions in metabolism, prevention of cellular injury, and the maintenance of functional integrity. Diving mammals achieve this through shutdown of networks that control higher-brain functions. The challenge for future hypoxia research is to explore the cellular mechanisms and conditions that reconfigure an organ or cellular network into a hypometabolic state as seen in diving, burrowing and hibernating animals that have attained this state.

Published
2007

42. Inhibition of shivering in hypothermic seals during diving

Author

Kvadsheim, Petter H., Folkow, Lars P., and Blix, Arnoldus Schytte

Subjects
Seals (Animals) -- Physiological aspects, Thermoreceptors, Hypothermia, Body temperature, Biological sciences
Abstract

The mammalian response to hypothermia is increased metabolic heat production, usually by way of muscular activity, such as shivering. Seals, however, have been reported to respond to diving with hypothermia, which in other mammals under other circumstances would have elicited vigorous shivering. In the diving situation, shivering could be counterproductive, because it obviously would increase oxygen consumption and therefore reduce diving capacity. We have measured the electromyographic (EMG) activity of three different muscles and the rectal and brain temperature of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) while they were exposed to low ambient temperatures in a climatic chamber and while they performed a series of experimental dives in cold water. In air, the seals had a normal mammalian shivering response to cold. Muscles were recruited in a sequential manner until body temperature stopped dropping. Shivering was initiated when rectal temperature fell below 35.3 [+ or -] 0.6[degrees]C (n = 6). In the hypothermic diving seal, however, the EMG activity in all of the muscles that had been shivering vigorously before submergence was much reduced, or stopped altogether, whereas it increased again upon emergence but was again reduced if diving was repeated. We conclude that shivering is inhibited during diving to allow a decrease in body temperature whereby oxygen consumption is decreased and diving capacity is extended. hooded seal Cystophora cristata; shivering electromyogram; body core temperature; thermoregulation

Published
2005

49. Rapid brain cooling in diving ducks

Author

Caputa, Michal, Folkow, Lars, and Blix, Arnoldus Shcytte

Subjects
Ducks -- Physiological aspects, Asphyxia -- Physiological aspects, Hypoxia -- Physiological aspects, Hypothermia -- Health aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Brain and body temperatures and heart rates in four Pekin ducks during 5-min. simulated diving in cold water were measured to test the hypothesis that selective brain cooling (SBC) may occur during asphyxia. Results indicated that SBC may be employed in ducks during diving. This mechanism may allow ducks to save oxygen for prolonged aerobic submergence and to protect the brain from damages due to asphyxia.

Published
1998

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