Search

To determine the composition of inhomogeneous samples using the method of laser-spark emission spectrometry, calibration dependences are used, which can have significant systematic errors that significantly affect the determination of the quantitative composition of elements. Sample inhomogeneity also causes inaccuracies in replicate measurements. To reduce errors, multi-signal calibration and internal standard methods are used, which can significantly improve accuracy when changing experimental conditions and eliminate the need to purchase ex-pensive standard samples.

Метою роботи є проведення діагностики рівня фінансового стану машинобудівного підприємства за допомогою застосування нейромережевого підходу та надання прогнозу його рівня на майбутнє. У статті підкреслено важливість проведення діагностики фінансового стану підприємств України в сучасних умовах. Розглянуто методи традиційного фінансового аналізу. Підкреслено необхідність використання моделювання для підвищення якості й точності аналізу. Проведено аналіз існуючих моделей оцінки фінансового стану та банкрутства підприємств. Розглянуті різні типи моделей, що були розроблені вітчизняними й закордонними авторами: моделі, побудовані на основі багатофакторного дискримінантного аналізу, на базі методів нечіткої логіки та інші. Обґрунтовано використання нейромережевого моделювання для оцінки фінансового стану. Побудовано нейромережеву модель діагностики фінансового стану на основі фінансових даних машинобудівного підприємства. Для скорочення простору вхідних даних було запропоновано використання методу «центру тяжіння», за допомогою якого кількість вхідних змінних моделі було зменшено до п’яти. За допомогою потужного інструменту проведення нейромережевого моделювання (SSN) була побудована модель на базі багатошарового персептрону. Нейромережа була навчена методом Back Propagation. За допомогою моделі зроблено оцінку фінансового стану машинобудівного підприємства ПрАТ НКМЗ на 10 майбутніх періодів. Запропонований метод діагностики фінансового стану дозволить керівництву машинобудівного підприємства передбачити настання кризового стану та розробити план фінансового оздоровлення.

The article presents the review of foreign publications on peculiarities of achievement motivation in young football players. Sport motivation is examined within the framework of the theory of self-determination. External and internal motivations and their typical for teenage players forms are highlighted. The review denotes that motivation varies depending on the age and skills of juniors, becoming less autonomous in early adolescence, and more autonomous as skills are acquired. The importance of the influence of social agents (parents, peers, coach) on the formation and increase of the level of internal motivation of football players is demonstrated. There is a connection between the motivational climate, encouraged by the coach and parents, and getting pleasure from training and competitions, the formation of perseverance and purposefulness, as well as efficiency in setting goals and completing tasks. The importance of age-related psychological and physiological characteristics of players is also emphasized, since the use of only external stimuli (punishment and encouragement) instead of the development of internal motivation can lead to negative consequences and unwillingness to engage in this sport in the future. The conclusion is made about the importance of a comprehensive study of motivationally significant influence on the part of coaches, parents and peers at different stages of age development of young football players.

Background. Globalization combined with achievements in the field of communication technologies and social media has led to a noticeable increase in specialists who are able to carry out professional communication in the intercultural space, who have translation competence, which allows, in particular, to use international experience reflected in foreign professional literature. In this regard, the relevance of adequate translation of professional texts increases. Aim of the study. The purpose of the study is to study and analyze the specifics of the translation of special texts in the field of energy industry. Methods. The research is based on the following methods: theoretical analysis of local and foreign sources, generalization, systematization, lexical and component analysis. The result of the study is the identification of the most common single-component and multicomponent terms, as well as ways to translate them. The data obtained allow us to speak about the predominance of phrases, most of which are translated verbatim (by calculus), i.e. it has a specific analogue in the translation language, which allows us to conclude that the development and development of the term system of special texts in the field of energy industry. Practical implications. The obtained results can be applied in teaching practice and be used in foreign language classes in higher educational institutions to solve the problem of students’ translation errors.

Background. Watching movies with subtitles is a significant tool when learning English, as it is as close as possible to the language reality. The video contains visual images and the necessary audio material, which makes the process of memorizing new vocabulary effective and easy. This work is aimed at identifying the features of using authentic films with subtitles, in particular, at acquiring and enriching the vocabulary of students. Aim of the study. The purpose of the study is to identify the specificity of using authentic films in English with subtitles when working with students in the process of learning new vocabulary. Methods. The research is based on the following methods: theoretical analysis of foreign sources, generalization, and systematization. The result of the study is a confirmation of the hypothesis that watching movies in English with subtitles can be a useful tool in the process of acquiring and enriching the vocabulary of students of higher institutions, provided that their level of language proficiency is taken into account, as well as the frequency of viewing audio material. Practical implications. The results obtained can be applied in teaching practice and used in foreign language classes in higher institutions.

Summary. Machine translation is widely used in academic environments as it reduces students’ time and effort. However, the accuracy and quality of translation does not meet the academic standard. This work is aimed at identifying the features of using machine translation by students, as well as determining the teachers’ attitude to it. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of the use of machine translation by students while working with the English language material. Methods. The research is based on the following methods: theoretical analysis of foreign sources, generalization and systematization. The result of the study is confirmation of the hypothesis that machine translation can be a useful tool for students of higher education institutions while working with the English language material, provided that they are able to critically evaluate and correct the content of the information obtained with the help of MP. The results obtained can be applied in teaching practice and used in foreign language classes in higher education institutions.

The marketing environment of the world economy is changing due to intensive digitalization of trade exchange operations. Formation of marketing forecasts based on current and past periods in modern conditions is irrelevant to the current situation. The purpose of the article is to assess the situational precedents of business readiness for digitalization based on monitoring data, operating environment, applications and management system when using the tools of marketing and neural network modeling. The article uses a systematic approach and methods of statistical, financial and marketing analysis, tools for modeling a neural network. Based on the estimated indicators, the current and forecasted levels of electronic retail in the world are revealed. Based on the application of the concept of portfolio analysis to the data of national and international monitoring, а marketing model of research has been built, in which low business efficiency has been determined, situational modeling of business readiness for digital transformation has been carried out and characteristics of the identified precedents have been given. A low degree of business readiness to digitize the economy has been established. The results emphasize the importance of monitoring business readiness for the digitalization of the economy in real time with marketing and neural network modeling.

This article is devoted to the description of the influence of the teacher-pupils’ relationship on schoolchildren’s learning and development. Factual material is presented in favor of the fundamental importance of favorable interpersonal relations between the teacher and pupils. The problem of a negative relationship, its negative impact on academic performance, pupils’ behavior, their attitude to the learning process, peers, teachers and the school as a whole are analyzed in detail. This study demonstrates the relationship between teachers’ mental representations about the relationship in the teacher-pupil system and teacher behavior

Abstract. The aim of the article is to study the investment cooperation and production cooperation of Ukraine with the countries of the European Union in the context of global integration processes. In the process of research the following general scientific and applied research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction — in the process of choosing environmental factors that affect the investment activity of machine-building enterprises; systematization and generalization — in the process of conducting export-import operations of Ukraine with EU countries; monographic methods — for in-depth study of the tasks; abstract-logical methods — for theoretical generalization of research results and formulation of conclusions and proposals. An approach to the analysis of investment cooperation and production cooperation of Ukraine and the EU in the context of global integration processes based on the use of PEST-analysis of external factors affecting the activities of machine-building enterprises and SWOT-analysis of competitive advantages of machine-building enterprises of Ukraine, which identifies strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment in relation to the opportunities and threats of the external environment and to suggest potential directions for the development of their foreign economic activity in the context of European integration. The practical significance lies in the development of proposals to minimize the negative impact of external factors of enterprises, including reorientation to the production of high-tech and innovative products, changes in tax policy, public administration, as well as accelerating the modernization of fixed assets, stimulating innovation and promoting high-tech products, which will increase the level of competitiveness of machine-building enterprises, both domestically and in the foreign market. Originality lies in substantiating the structural elements of the approach to the analysis of investment cooperation and production cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the context of global integration processes, which determine ways to minimize the negative impact of factors on the competitiveness of machine-building enterprises ensuring the re-equipment of many high-tech science-intensive industries. Keywords: investments, foreign economic balance, export, import, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 19.

A competent building of communications with authorities, and later analysis of communicative technologies, allow to get a qualitative competitive advantage in the modern market, where the struggle for each client is conducted at the micro-economic level. This article is concerned with analyzing of approaches to definition of the concept of «Government Relations» and consideration of GR as a specific form of communicative management, which is now often used by corporate structures in the political aspects of their activities. The authors of the article consider the main types of GR-management communications, which are based on a certain program of actions and are aimed at creation and maintenance of favorable relations with public authorities. The attention is drawn to the fact that GR and PR technologies are insufficiently worked out at the theoretical level, the following number of problems is allocated: distrust of the population towards powers; secrecy of information and lack of necessary explanatory work; weak organizational structure; poorly established public relations; lack of funding. As part of the analysis of the implementation of Government Relations by the authorities, the authors consider the fundamental aspects of the non-institutional structures of public authority on the example of lobbyism.

This paper reviews how teacher-student relationships affect the success of learning activity in schoolchildren. Outcomes of Russian and foreign studies suggest that positive relationships between teachers and students are critically important for successful learning at school. The paper thoroughly analyses individual characteristics of teachers. It is emphasized that some of these characteristics (such as emotional support and academic guidance) can act as a reliable basis, encouraging students to engage more fully in learning activities and to achieve high academic performance. It is argued that the assumption according to which the relationship between teachers and students is a significant motivational factor in academic performance is still relevant. The paper describes the effect of teacher expectations on student achievement and concludes with several important notes concerning the discussed problem of teacher-student relationships and their impact on the success of learning activity.

This paper presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey of students conducted on the basis of a corpus of interviews gathered at the Institute of Philology and Cross Cultural Communication, Volgograd State University. The experimental study was aimed at the recognition of loan-words belonging to different thematic groups by the undergraduates and graduates. The findings of the research may be referred to the solution of ecolinguistic problems as they are oriented to researching the language speakers' mental processes while assimilating foreign words. The analysis has shown that the students' foreign language competence may not only define the variety of associations referring to the loan-word meanings, but is also able to lead to false interpretations. The contrastive analysis of the findings in the junior and senior groups of students revealed that the quantity of zero reactions to the foreign words awareness was almost equal. However, the undergraduates' reaction to the semantics of imported words was more creative, which testifies to their willingness in exposing their linguistic skills. The involvement of students in some activities (business, IT, fashion, sport, entertainment) is probably a significant motivating factor in assimilating foreign words, but the interpretation of loanwords in the sphere of politics and terminology is a problematic issue for the young native speakers of Russian.

The modernization of higher education is mandatory condition for the current stage of Russian society development and the ensuring of the Russian economy competitiveness. One of the priority issues of modernization is the strengthening of the significance of self-students studying. This is due primarily to the considerable reduction in the number of classroom sessions and the increase in hours provided for self-students studying. Self-studying becomes the basis for the professional development of a bachelor, encourage his cognitive interests, promotes the essential objectives of the training, that is, the formation of communicative and professional competences. The nature of the relationship between the teacher and the bachelor alters within the framework of competence-oriented education. The teacher, released from the mere transfer of knowledge, gets freedom in choosing forms of interaction or rather in choosing the methods used in such field of studying as “Foreign Language”. Classical teaching methods are replaced with new ones. The emergence of information and communication technologies led to their rapid introduction into the educational process. The organization of self-students studying through the use of information and communication technologies is of great interest to many educational specialists. The specific nature of information and communication technologies lies in the creation in the educational process of various kinds of relations and conditions of real life, requiring from bachelors not only the knowledge of work-related material, but also their familiarization with a given image, a holistic immersion in the professional environment. The use of simulation technology facilitates the formation of cognitive-search activity of bachelors, causes incentive for learning a foreign language.

The strategy of the development of nuclear power in Russia provides for use of fast power reactors in closed nuclear fuel cycle. The PRORYV (i.e. «Breakthrough» in Russian) project is currently under development. Within the framework of this project, fast reactors BN-1200 and BREST-OD-300 should be built to, inter alia, demonstrate possibility of the closed nuclear fuel cycle technologies with plutonium as a main source of energy. Russia has a large inventory of plutonium which was accumulated in the result of reprocessing of spent fuel of thermal power reactors and conversion of nuclear weapons. This kind of plutonium will be used for development of initial fuel assemblies for fast reactors. The closed nuclear fuel cycle concept of the PRORYV assumes self-supplied mode of operation with fuel regeneration by neutron capture reaction in non-enriched uranium, which is used as a raw material. Operating modes of reactors and its characteristics should be chosen so as to provide the self-sufficient mode by using of fissile isotopes while refueling by depleted uranium and to support this state during the entire period of reactor operation. Thus, the actual issue is modeling fuel handling processes. To solve these problems, the code REPRORYV (Recycle for PRORYV) has been developed. It simulates nuclide streams in non-reactor stages of the closed fuel cycle. At the same time various verified codes can be used to evaluate in-core characteristics of a reactor. By using this approach various options for nuclide streams and assess the impact of different plutonium content in the fuel, fuel processing conditions, losses during fuel processing, as well as the impact of initial uncertainties on neutron-physical characteristics of reactor are considered in this study.

The study addresses the problems of reprocessed uranium re-enrichment. It is shown that, in the most general formulation, the problem of reprocessed uranium re-enrichment that meets all the requirements on the content of even isotopes and the conditions of spending a given amount of initial reprocessed uranium for production of unit mass of the product cannot be solved in a three-flow cascade of centrifuges or in the simplest versions of double cascades. The possibility of solving the formulated problem in a modified double cascade scheme with a low-enriched uranium (LEU) diluter is demonstrated. The results of numerical experiments showed that it is possible to obtain marketable LEU in the studied version of the double cascade after spending a given amount of reprocessed uranium and meeting different constraints on 232U concentration in the product, including even stricter constraints than those currently accepted at separation plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]