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As the urgency around the environmental impact of fashion production grows, biotechnologies that engineer microbes and other biological organisms such as plants offer cleaner, greener processes and entirely new products. Bacteria and yeasts may be engineered to colour fabric, generate synthetic fibre precursorss, and produce enzymes used to break down and convert waste. Biotechnology can also present as a continuation of humanity’s mastery over the natural world. This article explores how biotechnology may offer fashion–as both industry and culture–alternative ways of forming relationships with the natural world, offering a range of propositions for the role of biotechnology in fashion practice. The first theme, ‘taming’, examines how biotechnology offers alternatives that control and reduce environmental impacts within existing industry norms. Taming includes synthetic biology and microbial biotechnology to develop processes for silk and leather alternatives, and the replacement of existing fossil-fuel based fibres with bio-based equivalents. The second theme, ‘rewilding’, focuses on the role biotechnology may play in local, decentralised fashion production existing outside of industry control, within the community. Last, ‘speculating’ shows the role biotechnology may play in imagining and enacting alternative views of the living world in which the human and more-than-human entangle to form new kinships.

Tutkimusten perusteella luonnossa oleskelulla on positiivisia vaikutuksia ihmisten hyvinvointiin. Ihmisten luonnosta saamaa hyvinvointia ja luonnon hyvinvointivaikutuksia tutkitaan monella tieteenalalla. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelen luonnon ja hyvinvointien kytkentöjä humanismin jälkeisestä näkökulmasta. Humanismin jälkeinen ajattelu sekä siihen usein liittyvä monistinen ontologia kyseenalaistavat ihmiskeskeisen ajattelun sekä luonnosta irrallaan olemisen ja ’luontoon menemisen’. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelen miten ja minkälaisissa tapahtumissa hyvinvointi lisääntyy luonnossa. Hyvinvoinnin ymmärrän spinozalaisittain kyvyksi vaikuttaa ja tulla vaikutetuksi. Tutkimusmateriaalina artikkelissa on viiden miehen kanssa luonnossa tekemäni yhdessäkuljeskelut, eli vapaamuotoiset kävellen tehdyt keskustelut. Analyysimenetelmänä käytän post-kvalitatiiviseen tutkimusperinteeseen kuuluvaa käsite metodina -analyysia ja analysoin tutkimusmateriaalia affektin käsitteen avulla. Tulokset osoittavat, että luonnossa tapahtuu monenlaisia siirtymisiä, joissa kehomielen kyvyt vaikuttaa ja tulla vaikutetuiksi lisääntyvät. Luontoympäristöt affektoivat kehomieltä, saaden aikaan niin rauhoittumista kuin liikkumisen lisääntymistäkin. Luonnossa kohdataan kasveja, eläimiä, niiden jälkiä ja artefakteja. Teknologia tuo uusia mahdollisuuksia ja tukee myös eläinten affektoimiksi tulemisessa ja eläimeksi-tulemisessa. Kuljeskelut toimivat luontevana tapana kuulla miesten kokemuksista ja ajatuksista. Luonnossa olemisessa toimintakyky on merkittävässä osassa siinä, minkälaisia suhteita materiaalisen ympäristön kanssa voidaan muodostaa. Affekteja analysoimalla voidaan toimintakyky ymmärtää monimuotoisena ja yksilökohtaisena, moniaineksisten tekijöiden kanssa tapahtuvana hyvinvoivemmaksi-tulemisena., According to research, dwelling in nature has positive effects on people’s well-being. The effects of nature on well-being are studied in many disciplines. I examine the connections between nature and well-being from a posthumanist perspective. Posthumanist thinking questions anthropocentric thinking and being detached from nature. I look at how well-being is increased in nature. I understand well-being as a Spinozian ability to affect and be affected. The research material consists of go-along driftings conducted with five men. I use post-qualitative ‘concept as a method’ -analysis. The concept I am using is affect. In nature, a variety of transitions are taking place that enhance the body-mind's ability to affect and to be affected. Environments affect the body-mind, causing both calmness and increased movement. Plants, animals, and artifacts are encountered in nature. Technology can bring new opportunities and support in becoming affected by animals. Driftings function as a natural way to hear about men’s experiences. When being in nature, functional capacity plays a significant part in forming relationships with the material environment. By analysing affects, functional capacity can be understood as diverse and individual, becoming-well in the midst of heterogeneous factors.

To better understand the preferred role of faith-based organizations in secular society, the Canadian Council of Churches partnered with researchers to explore current systems of poverty reduction. The nature of the systems involved in attending to the underlying collective subjectivities (i.e., group/communally-shaped psychological experiences such as shared motivations, values, and aspirations) often being overlooked was justification for the importance of the research. These collective subjectivities are the forces that often drive system functioning. We conducted exploratory qualitative work situated in a theoretical frame informed by bringing together systems theory along with cultural psychology (an approach that focuses on socio-communally shaped collective subjectivities). In turn, this theoretical frame-shaped how Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was employed. A total of 33 participants' collective subjectivities undergirding systems surrounding poverty reduction reveals a missional faith foundation leading toward perceived essential processes of advocacy and congregational connections bridging communal divisions. They see themselves as distinctly striving to create opportunities that encourage poverty alleviation in a holistic and dignified manner reflected in a multidimensional understanding of poverty. Perceived procedural tension exists between giving (that has long-lasting change and resonates with colonial forms of charity) and forming relationships can help people more effectively.

Background The seating arrangement of in-center hemodialysis is conducive to patients forming a relationship and a social network. We examined how seating in the in-center hemodialysis clinic affected patients forming relationships, whether patients formed relationships with others who have similar transplant behaviors (homophily), and whether these relationships influenced patients (social contagion) to request a living donation from family and friends outside of the clinic. Methods In this 30-month, prospective cohort study, we observed the relationships of 46 patients on hemodialysis in a hemodialysis clinic. Repeated participant surveys assessed in-center transplant discussions and living-donor requests. A separable temporal exponential random graph model estimated how seating, demographics, in-center transplant discussions, and living-donor requests affected relationship formation via sociality and homophily. We examined whether donation requests spread via social contagion using a susceptibility-infected model. Results For every seat apart, the odds of participants forming a relationship decreased (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.90; P=0.002). Those who requested a living donation tended to form relationships more than those who did not (sociality, OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.6; P=0.04). Participants who discussed transplantation in the center were more likely to form a relationship with another participant who discussed transplantation than with someone who did not discuss transplantation (homophily, OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.5; P=0.04). Five of the 36 susceptible participants made a request after forming a relationship with another patient. Conclusions Participants formed relationships with those they sat next to and had similar transplant behaviors. The observed increase in in-center transplant discussions and living-donation requests by the members of the hemodialysis-clinic social network was not because of social contagion. Instead, participants who requested a living donation were more social, formed more relationships within the clinic, and discussed transplantation with each other as a function of health-behavior homophily.

ObjectiveForming and maintaining romantic relationships is an important developmental task in adolescence and young adulthood. This scoping review seeks to explore how young people with long-term physical health conditions understand and experience romantic relationships.MethodsUsing Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, a systematic search of five databases was conducted (PsychINFO, Cinahl, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion in the review if they were published in peer-reviewed journals, used primary data collection methods, and adopted quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods approaches to study romantic relationships in 11–25 year olds with long-term physical health conditions. Using a data extraction form, data pertaining to demographic characteristics of young people with long-term physical health conditions and relationship engagement were extracted from eligible papers.ResultsSearches returned 4645 papers after duplicate removal, with a two-stage screening process resulting in 111 full-text papers being reviewed. Thirty-three eligible papers were included across a range of long-term physical health conditions. Findings identified that living with a long-term physical health condition impacted young people’s perceptions and experiences of romantic relationships across the relationship lifespan, from envisaging future relationships, to forming relationships, and sustaining relationships. Issues around body confidence and self-esteem were identified as challenging in terms of perceptions and experiences of romantic relationships.ConclusionsFindings demonstrate that young people wish to engage with romantic relationships, yet many report particular challenges associated with forming and sustaining relationships due to the constraints of their condition and treatment. Future research should consider nonheterosexual relationships.

The aim of the article is to study the formative impact of the defense mechanism “compensation” on the leader’s personality. The research is based on the axiological semantic research method created due to the development and application of experimental psychosemantics to the issue of leadership. An experiment was conducted with the view of confirming the fact of impact of the defense mechanism “compensation” on the leader’s personality formation. This experiment involved 30 students undergoing leadership training for tactical officers at the Heroiv Krut Military Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technologies. A test-questionnaire was created to experimentally substantiate the reliability of the proposed conjecture. At the outset of the experiment, the participants were asked to note in the test-questionnaire the basic postulates they rely on when forming relationships in the military community. For the purpose of creating a relaxed atmosphere the postulates (60 units) were presented in the form of posts (quotes and aphorisms) which are most often posted on social media pages. Based on the methods of psychological subjective semantics and psychosemantics, we established the predominance of a certain form of defence mechanism “compensation”. Then followed the assessment of the leadership role preferences displayed by the participating pilot students, this providing the basis for drawing conclusions as regards the tendency for a particular form of leadership. Matching of the obtained results revealed correlations between mental reflections of various phenomena. Although correlational study has a lower degree of confidence in predicting cause and effect, it can provide strong indications that relationships exist. Results and discussions. The defense mechanism “direct compensation” correlates with the kind of “fighter” leader, “overcompensation” correlates with the kind “father”, “decompensation” correlates with the kind “tyrant”. To conclude, trend to use a certain type of defense mechanism affects the acceptance and assimilation of a certain role type of leader. In addition, the use of information which are most often posted by social media users on their personal accounts as a content for the test-questionnaire allows us to conclude about the possibility of using social media account to determine the psychological type of personality by analyzing posts, likes and comments.

Objective This study explored the perceptions, needs and preferences for chronic disease self‐ management (SM) and SM support among men experiencing homelessness. Design A qualitative interpretive approach was used. Eighteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 18 homeless men with a chronic disease at an emergency overnight shelter of Welcome Hall Mission (WHM) in Montreal, Quebec. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Results The majority of participants perceived SM as important, described confidence to perform medical SM behaviours, and creatively adapted their SM behaviours to homelessness. Emotional SM was described as most challenging, as it was intertwined with the experience of homelessness. Three vulnerable groups were identified: (a) those with no social networks, (b) severe physical symptoms and/or (c) co‐morbid mental illness. The preferred mode of delivery for SM support was through consistent contacts with health‐care providers (HCPs) and peer‐support initiatives. Discussion and Conclusions Despite competing demands to fulfill basic needs, participants valued chronic disease SM and SM support. However, SM support must address complex challenges relating to homelessness including emotional SM, multiple vulnerabilities and barriers to forming relationships with HCPs.

PurposeGiven that an industrial cluster contains a high concentration of numerous stakeholders, a firm in an industrial cluster often ends up forming relationships with many of the stakeholders. The research questions are as follows: Does stakeholder-based management always lead to greater value creation? What are the moderators in this association? This paper proposes that although relationships with stakeholders can act as a “catalyst” for value-creation, they can also act as a “retardant.” A combination of (1) the strategic nature of the relationships and (2) the policy environment determines whether the relationships with stakeholders act as catalysts or retardants.Design/methodology/approachUsing relationship-focused theory, a conceptual framework that adopts a relational view of stakeholder theory is developed. Given the high concentration of stakeholders in industrial clusters, the conceptual framework uses stakeholders in industrial clusters as a setting. A firm can form relationships with a variety of stakeholders in an industrial cluster. The strategic nature of a relationship with a stakeholder is assessed in terms of variations in strategic intent and intellectual spillover.FindingsThe key argument is the following: whether a relationship with a stakeholder becomes a catalyst or a retardant for value creation is contingent on the fit between the strategic nature of the relationship and the policy environment. For instance, in a probusiness policy environment, relying on relationships with stakeholders that maximize intellectual spillover can act as a catalyst for value creation. In contrast, in an antibusiness environment, not having to rely on intellectual spillover is a safer option.Originality/valueWhereas the literature implicitly assumes that stakeholder theory has relational essence, the conceptual framework developed in this paper adopts a relational view of stakeholder theory in a very explicit way. This paper applies relationship-focused theory by making explicit the different forms of stakeholder relationships. Such an explicitly relational approach in theorizing can help in more in-depth research on the link between stakeholder relationships and value creation. The conceptual framework will allow future research to analyze value creation in an industrial cluster, especially in terms of how stakeholder relationships can act as either catalysts or retardants.

In this study, we aim to develop a framework for the concept of trust prior to forming relationships when selecting suppliers. Entering a relationship with a supplier for an extended period requires a certain level of trust in different facets (such as interpersonal relationships, continuous supply, and compatibilities). In situations in which suppliers need to enter into relationships characterized by high uncertainties, such as sourcing for high technology, trust becomes even more important. The question raised is how this ex-ante trust is defined and used during the supplier selection, when the buyer decides to enter into a relationship with a potential supplier. The phenomenon is studied in the automobile industry, which is experiencing a higher level of dependency on suppliers for sensitive, and at times strategic, components. A single case of a major auto manufacturer is studied using 36 interviews. Our findings show that when selecting the supplier with which to enter a relationship, trust manifests itself on multiple levels: interpersonal, organizational, interorganizational, and network. Contrary to some previous suggestions in the literature, we found interrelationships across these levels.

We model network formation in a firm. Agents learn about the quality of their working relationships with each other. Their good relationships become their networks. Accumulating relationships becomes increasingly costly, however. Over time agents become less open to forming relationships with others unknown to them, leading their networks to be front-loaded with agents they met near the beginning of their careers. The interaction of this dynamic with turnover yields predictions about the time pattern of history dependence in an agent’s network as a function of his tenure. Mutual openness of newly arrived agents in a firm also leads to the cross-section prediction of “cohort attachment,” a tendency for members of an agent’s hiring cohort to be disproportionately represented in his network. When members of a network formed within a firm are subsequently split across many firms, the desire to renew their successful working relationships can lead to job referrals. Former co-workers who provide referrals will be drawn disproportionately from the referred workers’ hiring cohorts at their previous employers.

Purpose: In Japan, demand for nursing is high. However, some novice nurses are unable to adapt to the workplace, and subsequently quit. This study aimed at clarifying relationship issues between novice and senior nurses and examining measures that could be enforced in wards for novice nurses based on the results. Methods: An inductive analysis was conducted on qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with 11 newly hired nurses who had recently graduated from nursing school. The study period was from November 2016 to March 2017. Results: The analysis generated the following three themes related to potential workplace maladaptation: 1) Adaptation to the workplace: difficulty in forming relationships with senior nurses and adapting, 2) Workplace education system: education by preceptors and senior nurses, 3) Professional stance: qualities as a nurse. Conclusion: The results indicated that novice nurses had difficulties in adapting to the workplace as well as its education system in wards. Hence, it was necessary to create habits that would not overly burden others, but instead, spread the rules of the organization, help novice nurses to understand their responsibilities, and assist them in overcoming challenges.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose that the manager’s perception of the service quality delivered by his/her team acts as a precursor of his/her trust in team members. In turn, the manager’s trust in team members is related to team members’ trust in the manager. Furthermore, engagement and burnout at the individual level are considered outcomes of trust reciprocity. Design/methodology/approach The authors test this trust-mediated multilevel model with a sample of 95 managers and 754 team members working in services for people with intellectual disability. These services are delivered by team-based structures of workers who perform coordinated tasks. Findings The findings suggest that service quality delivered by team members is positively and significantly related to the manager’s trust in them. The results also suggest that the manager’s trust in team members leads to the trust that managers received by team members. Finally, team members who trust their managers show less burnout and high engagement. Research limitations/implications Previous literature has neglected the reciprocity of trust. In contrast, this research study considered the perspective of both managers and team members and how this reciprocity of trust is related to service quality and well-being at work. Practical implications The current study highlights the critical role of service quality and achieving high-quality relationships between managers and team members. Originality/value Performance and well-being are compatible because team members’ efforts are compensated by forming relationships with managers based on trust, and the quality of these relationships, in turn, prevents burnout and stimulates engagement among employees.

Based on the qualitative case study method, this research explored the life experiences of unmarried mothers who were pregnant, giving birth, and nurturing in the local community without the residential experience of the supporting facility. As a result of analyzing data collected from 5 unmarried mothers who lived in the local community through in-depth interviews, they are receiving official and informal help from the community and they are bringing up their children having the mother’s responsibility although the unmarried mothers lived in the local community had experienced lonely and unborn childbirth. In fact, they share information through online cafes, sometimes they go out to the streets and give voice to realize the right of unmarried mothers and grow as the main stream of community welfare. Details are followings. Firstly, the support of family-of-origin, housing and other their basis were important backgrounds for starting with the home care life. Secondly, although the life to be handled alone was too heavy to sustain, the study participants were responsible for their decisions ,and were trying to protect each other and maintain their own ‘home’. Thirdly, there were many complaints from the research participants about public sector’s support that failed to meet their living needs. Finally, the survey participants lived in communities reside forming relationships with various local resources such as online cafes for single mothers. In additions, based on these findings, practical and policy suggestions were made.

AimTo explore specific mechanisms of a board game aiming to facilitate peer support among people with type 2 diabetes.DesignQualitative observational study including game tests in group-based diabetes education programs and focus groups exploring experiences among people with type 2 diabetes playing the game.MethodsThe game was tested with 77 people with type 2 diabetes in March-July 2019. Data from audio recordings of game tests and focus groups were analysed using interpretive description.ResultsSix mechanisms facilitated peer support among people with type 2 diabetes: 1) entering a safe space of normality created by emotional in-game mirroring; 2) mutual in-game acknowledgment of out-of-game efforts; 3) forming relationships through in-game humor; 4) health care professionals using game rules to support group dialogues of interest to people with type 2 diabetes; 5) being inspired by in-game exchange of tips and tricks; and 6) co-players guiding each other during the game. Peer support was inhibited by the mechanism of game rules obstructing group dialogues.ConclusionThe board game effectively facilitated peer support through playfulness and humor and helped players form relationships. Additionally, the game established a framework for players to share and listen to each other’s diabetes-specific experiences, promoting a sense of normality and cohesiveness. This process depended on facilitating educators’ flexibility to balance the rules of the game with its aim of creating peer support.ImpactThe study provides detailed knowledge on specific board game mechanisms facilitating peer support among people with type 2 diabetes participating in diabetes education programs.The game was an effective tool to facilitate emotional and practical peer support by encouraging players to share and acknowledge each other’s diabetes experiences.Peer support is promoted through the game by creating a sense of normality and belonging among people with type 2 diabetes.

This article presents practical pedagogical experience with 2 to 3-year-old children in Preschool Education, with the aim of demonstrating the importance of creating a quality environment in the nursery. The bibliographical research method was used. The study includes participant observations of interactions between children and educator during play situations. The article shows social, cultural and political aspects that a preschool education as a whole should develop as part of inclusive education. It also describes the importance of the quality of the bond between educator and child and demonstrates a pedagogical plan from an inclusive perspective. The observation of the children takes into consideration the cultural-historical context and the process of developing an understanding of the nature of human beings according to Steiner and Vygostsky. The need for a quality environment to enable language acquisition is therefore observed, whereby the educator is a mediator of the process of interaction between children. In attempt to build harmonious bridges with actions, emotions and to enlarge the educational context with spirituality by forming relationships of inclusion between all students.

У статті узагальнено наукові підходи щодо покращення якості взаємовідносин між підприємством та бізнес-партнерами при підготовці та виробництві нової продукції за сучасних економічних умов. Основною метою дослідження є обґрунтування та розроблення методологічного підходу до визначення дієвих моделей взаємовідносин між підприємством та бізнеспартнерами у процесі підготовки та виробництва нової продукції. Для досягнення поставленої мети, дослідження проведено у наступній логічній послідовності. На першому етапі проаналізовано наявні підходи щодо формування взаємовідносин між підприємством та бізнес-партнерами при виробництві нової продукції. На другому етапі здійснено збір фактичних даних щодо функціонування підприємств машинобудівної промисловості. Таким чином, це дозволило оцінити результативність співпраці та якість взаємовідносин між підприємством та бізнес-партнерами в процесі підготовки та виробництва нової продукції. На третьому етапі встановлено пріоритети бізнес-партнерів. На четвертому етапі дослідження визначено взаємозв’язок між якісними рівнями пріоритетності бізнес-партнерів та доцільними моделями взаємовідносин в процесі підготовки та виробництва нової продукції. Емпіричне дослідження проведено з використанням інструментарію багатовимірного факторного аналізу, методів експертних оцінок та адитивної згортки, графічного та структурно-логічного методів. У ході дослідження проведено анкетування представників 12 машинобудівних підприємств з метою оцінки результативності співпраці. За результатами багатовимірного факторного аналізу виявлено та обґрунтовано часткові показники, які було узагальнено для прийняття рішень щодо можливої співпраці із бізнес-партнерами при підготовці та виробництві нової продукції. На основі розрахунку інтегрального показника встановлено пріоритети бізнес-партнерів та визначено якість їх взаємовідносин із машинобудівними підприємствами. При цьому авторами застосовано уточнену для економічних умов України шкалу Харінгтона для визначення якісного рівня пріоритетності підприємств-партнерів. За результатами запропоновано дієві моделі взаємовідносин для підготовки та виробництва нової продукції. Результати проведеного дослідження можуть бути корисними для покращення якості, формування та підтримки взаємовідносин між підприємствами та бізнес-партнерами при підготовці та виробництві нової продукції. This article summarizes the scientific approaches to improving the quality of relations between the enterprise and business partners in preparation for the release and production of new products in today's economic realities. The study's main purpose is to substantiate and develop a methodological approach for determining effective relationship models between enterprises and business partners to prepare and produce new products. The article presents a developed four-stage methodological approach. The first stage of the study presents an analysis of existing approaches to forming relationships between the enterprise and business-business partners to prepare and produce new products. In the second stage, factual data on machine-building industry enterprises' functioning were collected to determine the effectiveness of cooperation and success, which are the key components that improve the quality of relations between the enterprise and business partners in preparing new products. At the third stage, partners' priority was determined to characterize the quality of the relationship between machine-building enterprises and businessbusiness partners. The fourth stage determined the relationship between the qualitative levels of business partners' priority and appropriate relationship models to prepare and produce new products. The study used expert methods, multidimensional factor analysis, additive convolution method, structural-logical method, graphical method. A survey of enterprise representatives was conducted to assess the effectiveness of cooperation on 12 surveyed machinebuilding enterprises. Partial indicators were identified and substantiated by multidimensional factor analysis, generalized for making decisions about business partner enterprises' existing opportunities to prepare and produce new products. Based on the calculation of the integrated indicator, partners' priority was determined. That characterized the quality of relations between machine-building enterprises and business-business partners in preparing and producing new products. According to the Harrington scale specified for the economic conditions of Ukraine, the qualitative levels of partner companies' priority were determined. The proposed effective models of relationships for preparing and producing new products are put in line with them. The study results could improve the quality and validity of the formation and maintenance of relationships between enterprises and business partners in preparing and producing new products.

The article is devoted to the study of the role of integrated information systems in an unstable external environment characterized by negative development trends in modern conditions. The analysis of the situation on the information technology market allowed us to identify the main advantages of integration of such systems in the organization’s activities, and predict the effect of their implementation. Special attention is paid to the issue of forming relationships with customers, the use of analytics tools that provide an assessment of the quality of work for departments responsible for customer relations, the effectiveness of sales tactics, communication with customers through various channels. An algorithm for implementing integrated information systems is proposed, taking into account specific features of implementing the system in the organization’s activities from the initial stage, and an algorithm for embedding it into an existing system in the organization is also considered. Recommendations have been developed for the implementation of integrated information systems aimed at improving the competitiveness of organizations in modern conditions, allowing them to respond flexibly to changes in the conditions of limited use of labor resources.

We examine how an individual difference-receptiveness to opposing views-moderates the tendency for people to sort into ideologically homogeneous social groups. Although prior work has linked receptiveness to willingness to engage information from opposing ideological perspectives, its consequences for network formation have yet to be explored. Study 1 (N = 1,793) demonstrates in a lab setting that receptiveness is associated with forming relationships with ideologically opposed others. Yet preferences and relationship overtures are not always reciprocated. Study 2 (N = 599), a longitudinal field study conducted at three universities where students span the ideological spectrum, shows that individual receptiveness does not always translate into politically heterogeneous relationships. Instead, such relationships tend to form when two individuals are mutually receptive. Additionally, we find mutual receptiveness increases the likelihood that majority group members will initiate relationships with those in the minority. We discuss implications for research on personality and social networks.

Issues addressed Neurodivergent people have a strong history of raw creative expression in the arts, however they also have a history of being segregated from society. This segregation has obstructed pathways to building the connections that maintain both mental and physical health. This research sought to illuminate how group art-making impacts relationship formation with neurodivergent people in regional Australia. Method The study included nine participants with intellectual disability and one with an acquired brain injury who regularly attend art-making workshops, along with eight of their chosen arts advocates. A single iterative case-study design was employed using participatory action research (PAR) methodology. Methods included: three participant think aloud (T/A) groups, nine researcher observations, and nine third-party interviews. The data were thematically analysed then triangulated using three different sources. Results Making art in a group can form enriched relationships with (a) the artwork; (b) the self; (c) others; and (d) community. Facilitation supported how these relationships formed. The relationships increased agency, belonging and wellbeing. Conclusion These connections mitigate the numerous effects of marginalisation. Art-making has the capacity to enrich the health and wellbeing of neurodivergent populations. SO WHAT?: Art-making groups can provide a space that interrupts the isolation and social exclusion experienced by neurodivergent people. Art workshops offer both an emancipatory space to create where sense of self and relationships with others are enhanced, and an opportunity to reach beyond the studio to connect with communities. These rich connections contribute to better health outcomes for neurodivergent people, thus enhance the wellbeing of their communities.

The article is devoted to the study of modern opportunities for creating relationships. More and more people use digital means of communication to establish and maintain a romantic connection with people who were previously unavailable due to different cases. However, can we safely say thet digital communication guarantees the possibility of meeting, if people have certain concerns about themselves and others? By these concerns, we mean the theory of attachment. The purpose of our work was to describe current trends in the use of digital dating apps, as well as to explore through the lens of attachment theory the correlation between attachment style and people's choice in favor of online communication.

Background: Racial/ethnic minority populations in the United States are less likely to utilize hospice services nearing their end of life, potentially diminishing their quality of care while also increasing medical costs. Objective: Explore the minority hospice utilization gap from the hospice perspective by examining perceived barriers and facilitators as well as practices and policies. Method: Qualitative surveys were conducted with 41 hospices across the United States. Qualitative data analysis included performing a limited content analysis, including the identification of themes and representative quotations. Results: Commonly reported barriers to hospice care for racial/ethnic minorities included culture/beliefs, mistrust of the medical system, and language barriers. A major theme pertaining to successful minority hospice enrollment was an inclusive culture that provided language services, staff cultural training, and a diverse staff. Another major theme was the importance of community outreach activities that extended beyond the medical community and forming relationships with churches, racial/ethnic minority community leaders, and Native American reservations. Conclusion: The importance of incorporating a culture of inclusivity by forming committees, providing language services, and offering culturally competent care emerged in this qualitative study. Building strong external relationships with community groups such as churches is a strategy used to increase racial/ethnic minority utilization of hospice.

In the mid-eighteenth century around the town of Andagua in the high Southern Peruvian Andes, local indigenous residents nearly incited a rebellion rejecting regional authorities from Arequipa with ancestor cults as a locus of resistance. Subsequently, colonial officials burned ancestral mummies, in attempts to eradicate Andean religious beliefs and practices. Through the use of multiple methods and an archaeological perspective, this article examines how residents became “rebels and idolaters.” Challenging the universal subject and recognizing how subjectivities are historical and particular, I review how identities emerge through the production of places, forming relationships with the landscape across time and space.

Policymaking is rarely ‘evidence-based’. Rather, policy can only be strongly evidence-informed if its advocates act effectively. Policy theories suggest that they can do so by learning the rules of political systems, and by forming relationships and networks with key actors to build up enough knowledge of their environment and trust from their audience. This knowledge allows them to craft effective influencing strategies, such as to tell a persuasive and timely story about an urgent policy problem and its most feasible solution. Empirical case studies help explain when, how, and why such strategies work in context. If analysed carefully, they can provide transferable lessons for researchers and advocates that are seeking to inform or influence policymaking. Oxfam Great Britain has become an experienced and effective advocate of evidence-informed policy change, offering lessons for building effective action. In this article, we combine insights from policy studies with specific case studies of Oxfam campaigns to describe four ways to promote the uptake of research evidence in policy: (1) learn how policymaking works, (2) design evidence to maximise its influence on specific audiences, (3) design and use additional influencing strategies such as insider persuasion or outsider pressure, and adapt the presentation of evidence and influencing strategies to the changing context, and (4) embrace trial and error. The supply of evidence is one important but insufficient part of this story.

Purpose: Peer support can be helpful in rehabilitation from breast cancer, but participation in peer support groups is low. Groups that provide support opportunities in physical activity contexts are an attractive alternative for some survivors. This study examined survivors' reasons for joining and maintaining participation on a dragon boat team, along with perceptions of barriers and attractions to traditional peer support groups. Materials and methods: Seventeen breast cancer survivors were interviewed on five occasions over their first two seasons of a newly formed dragon boating team to explore their perceptions of peer support groups and dragon boating. Data were inductively analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Categories surrounding physical, psychological, social and community features were identified with several themes emerging within each. Advantages of dragon boating included opportunities to get a combination of physical, psychosocial and community benefits; health improvement and behavior change; and obtaining social support without the focus being on cancer. Peer support groups were identified as having advantages for forming relationships and avoiding barriers associated with physical activity. Conclusions: While neither type of program meets all needs, practical considerations are identified for incorporating advantages of both programs to improve participation. Implications for rehabilitation Further understanding of perceptions, and attractions and challenges to taking part in group programs will inform development of accessible programs that target multiple rehabilitation needs. Physical activity can provide a positive, alternative focus that takes the emphasis off of cancer, which is more accessible to some survivors. Physical activity also provides opportunities to build relationships around a common, positive goal, which can be a foundation for providing support for coping with cancer.

A major drawback of start-ups is that they are known to have liability of newness and smallness. One way start-ups can overcome these liabilities is by forming relationships and building a network ...

Consumers are increasingly sharing product experiences with strangers and friends online. Despite the prevalence of word of mouth (WOM), little is known about how and why WOM differs based on whether people are talking to strangers or friends. The current article theorizes that one important motivation for WOM is social acceptance. To fulfill this motivation, people form and maintain existing relationships with others. Building on research in interpersonal relationships, we theorize that when communicating with strangers, people attempt to self-enhance to attract strangers into forming relationships with the self; when sharing with friends, on the other hand, people attempt to connect emotionally in order to maintain existing ties. A series of seven studies provide backing for this simple yet encompassing framework. Results of the current article provide insights into the motivations behind WOM, synthesize prior findings, and show that people systematically share different content with strangers versus friends. The current work makes theoretical contributions to research in interpersonal communication, social influence, and WOM, and holds practical implications for marketers interested in understanding consumer word of mouth.

Many of the papers this time are all about the relationships of people with learning disabilities. This may be loving or sexual relationships, relationships with staff, research, sport or friends. This issue has the first In Response article. Here people with learning disabilities share their response to one of the papers in the issue. Everyone involved learned greatly from the process. Some of the papers are based on inclusive research – where people with learning disabilities were also researchers – and many include the experiences of people with learning disabilities. The papers highlight how loneliness can be a problem. Two papers show the challenges for people forming relationships in their new settings if they have come out from institutional care. Papers in this issue show the importance of open honest communication such as when talking about planning for the end of life. The final paper shows how staff need to be compassionate in their care roles.

The best-studied techniques for reducing academic dishonesty rates rely on increasing the likelihood of consequences. These techniques offer instructors effective tools for identifying dishonest behavior as a means to "encourage" honesty. We wonder if we can promote integrity through proactive measures, such as designing courses' structures and assignments to reduce temptations for cheating, or by sculpting culture and forming relationships to foster a robust "community of trust." Our discussion will consider students' perspectives on academic integrity, how those might differ from instructors' perspectives, and how to build firm yet compassionate systems for promoting honesty in coursework. Through conversations with students and faculty, the discussion leaders have identified several compelling explanations for student cheating that largely derive from student culture and faculty messaging. We hope to share these lessons and inspire tactics for instructors to address student temptations to cheat that do not rely on the threat of penalty. This can help foster mentoring, rather than antagonistic, relationships between students and instructors, making computing courses increasingly welcoming for a greater diversity of students.

Humans are a social species and spent most of their time interacting with many people and forming relationships with a significantly smaller subset of these people. While the previous chapter focused on dyadic interactions and the formation of dyadic relationships, it is clearly the case that much of social life takes place in the context of more than two people—sometimes in the context of dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of people.

In this chapter, we ask questions of our research environment and experiment with describing its agency in forming relationships between researchers, participants and place. We draw on ethnographic research, interviews, focus groups and walk-alongs with Indigenous peoples, ethnic minority asylum seekers and non-Indigenous activists. Their everyday encounters and stories illuminate the fragility and affordances of these liminal spaces and call for ethical relations with tidal country. We argue that such research that dwells and works with multiple realities in the in-between space of tidal zones that transcends the land/sea binary and offers new understandings of regions in transition.

While an algebraic expression is typically assigned a regular structure, this article introduces the concept of personal structure (Strukturierung); here, the structuring of an algebraic expression is understood as the act of forming relationships between its parts. This concept is used for the analysis of interviews in which experts and novices talk about the personal structures they produced when looking at fractional expressions and equations. The results show, firstly, that experts will structure a given fractional expression in various different ways. Secondly, four categories have been identified: structuring can mean that an expression is made more visually straightforward, changed, reinterpreted or classified. This is meaningful for negotiating the appropriateness of the personal structures in teaching algebra.

In this chapter, the author explores the role of personal development, as experienced on a person-centred training course, as a way in which complex emotional effects of perceived parental rejection might be processed. Perceived parental rejection in childhood is a topic of interest to the author based on personal experience. In contrast, perceived maternal rejection, whereby the mother is experienced as a hostile force in the environment, can have devastating effects on the child’s emotional development. Specifically, perceived parental rejection in childhood is acknowledged as a causal factor of adolescent and adult aggression, hostility, dependent-type behaviour, diminished self-esteem and self-adequacy, heightened feelings of anxiety and insecurity and difficulties in relation to self and others, manifesting in feelings that are “intensely painful”. Rejected children can be extremely wary of forming relationships with others. Erikson ascribes the ability to trust and form relationships, to the successful meeting of a child’s needs in infancy.

These days, companies are moving from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities for short-term profit generation to the ones for achieving economic and social long-term goals. This phenomenon results from the idea that CSR is not a mere cost but can be used as a source of opportunity, innovation and competitive advantage. Deemed as a great business strategy, strategic CSR activities are being emphasized by various stakeholders in the global market. The purpose of this study is to present specific implications and to empirically research the relations among relational benefits, commitment, and authenticity. It identifies the main factors of relationship management in expanding the stakeholder pool and forming relationships for strategic CSR activities. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 113 CSR practitioners in Korea and analyzed how social, psychological, and economic benefits affect the satisfaction and durability of strategic CSR activities through relational commitment and authenticity. Consequently, social, psychological, and economic benefits have an impact on relationships and, by extension, have a positive effect on relational satisfaction and durability. However, economic benefits affect relational authenticity, but social and psychological benefits do not. As a result, relational benefits cannot affect satisfaction through relationships. Therefore, relational benefits and commitment are more important variables for the satisfaction and durability of strategic CSR activities.

Chronic illnesses and disabilities may impair the attainment of age-typical developmental tasks, such as forming relationships with peers and gaining autonomy. Based on a systematic search in electronic databases and cross-referencing, 447 quantitative empirical studies were included which compared the attainment of developmental tasks of adolescents with and without chronic physical illness or physical/sensory disability. Adolescents with chronic illness or disability had more problems than healthy/nondisabled peers with regard to autonomy, body acceptance, developing friendships and romantic relationships, gaining access to a peer-group, career preparation, preparing for family life and developing socially responsible behaviour. However, between-group differences were small. No between-group differences were found regarding gender role acquisition and identity development. Success in solving developmental tasks varied, in part, by disease group, visibility of the disease/disability, age, gender and repr...

After-school settings provide youth with homework support, social outlets and fun activities, and help build self-confidence. They are safe places for forming relationships with caring adults. More after-school settings are starting to integrate Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) topics. What science skills and concepts might youth learn in engineering design-based after-school settings? Traditional assessments often fail to capture the ways youth learn in informal settings, and deep science understandings are notoriously difficult to measure. In this study, we examined three after-school settings where 65 youth were learning science through engineering design challenges. In this informal setting, we examined storyboards, social networking forum (SNF) chat logs, videos of whole-class interactions, interviews with groups and single participants, and traditional multiple-choice pre- and posttest results. As we looked for evidence of learning, we found that the social networking forum was rich with data. Interviews were even more informative, much more so than traditional pencil and paper multiple-choice tests. We found that different kinds of elicitation strategies adopted by site leaders and facilitators played an important role in the ways youth constructed knowledge. These elicitation strategies also helped us find evidence of learning. Based on findings, future iterations of the curricula will involve tighter integration of social networking forums, continued use of videotaped interviews for data collection, an increased focus on training site leaders and facilitators in elicitation strategies, and more open-ended pencil and paper assessments in order to facilitate the process of looking for learning.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by social and communication difficulties, which can result in challenges forming relationships with peers and taking part in imaginative play. Play Therapy creates recreational spaces where children can learn social skills in an exploratory and creative manner. As children with ASD have a unique affinity towards computer based systems, play therapy approaches using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have proved useful in maintaining player motivation and engagement. In this article we will present an intervention tool inspired by play therapy that we have designed using full-body interaction technology, which has been successful in fostering social behaviors in children with ASD.

International students undertaking a higher degree by research may experience a range of difficulties and challenges while studying in their host country. Some of these challenges, including language and cultural difficulties, limited peer relationships and challenges in forming relationships with supervisors, have been outlined in the literature but there is less research that has considered both the experiences of international students and supervisors together to provide a cohesive overview of the issues that international higher-degree-by-research students may face. Using a qualitative interview design, this research therefore sought to examine this issue within one faculty in a single university in Australia. International higher-degree-by-research students were found to be diverse in their expectations and desires of their new host country and university. Thus, it should not be assumed that all students will have similar priorities. The article provides some suggestions for universities when develop...

The process of enterprise management requires constant co-improvement and making the appropriate changes. This fact implies the choice of an effective instrument for obtaining reliable information. To solve this problem the modern market of software in addition to the basic program offers specialized software. As an example of such programs in the article the information system, forming relationships with customers (CRM-system) is described. The basic functions of CRMsystem from the perspective of business management are defined and the analysis of the economic efficiency of this system in the activities of the company is given.

The chapter documents and explains the decline in internal rates in Japan over the period 1954-2015. Migration increased rapidly in the early post-war period, peaked around 1970 and then declined—sharply in the early and mid-1970s, then moderately until the mid-1980s and then slowly until 2015. The factors that underlie the transition from the modern mobile society of the 1960s to the ‘post-modern’ low-mobility society of today are discussed. Population ageing is found to be far less important than is customarily supposed. Two other groups of reasons for the decrease in migration are identified. The first relates to the political economy of regional development and specifically to changes in the spatial division of labour. The dominant role of Tokyo in the Japanese space-economy is given particular emphasis. The second group focuses on major changes in Japanese culture and society, especially as they affect young adults facing difficulties in forming relationships, achieving independence from their parents and obtaining the secure jobs and housing that are seen as prerequisites for marriage and family formation.

This paper focuses on teaching anxiety experienced by pre-service teachers during the period of teaching practices among student teachers in Nigeria. A 23 items questionnaire with a reliability index of r = 0.87 was administered to140 students when they were in 300 and 400 levels. Chi-square test was use to found relationship between student teachers’ teaching anxiety. Result shows that there were significant relationships between 12 of the items. Anxiety was found to be particularly associated with classroom control problems, with being evaluated by supervisors, with forming relationships with students and the subject teachers, and with achieving lesson goals. There was no significant difference between male and female pre-service teachers teaching anxiety. The students were more confident at the second teaching practice and the level of anxiety was lower than at their first teaching practice. The paper concluded that efforts should be made by teacher educator lecturers to allay the possible fears pre-service teachers may be harbouring before the commencement of teaching practice exercise.

The aim of this paper is to investigate how research partnerships between firms and universities emerge and evolve over time, focusing on the relationship between initial conditions and development trajectories. Based on literature on alliances and a comparative case study, the paper presents propositions to explore the links between initial conditions, modes of collaboration and development pathways. The empirical study indicates that there is no straightforward link between initial conditions and development of partnerships over time. Being embedded in a network makes it easier to form relationships and has a positive influence of the early, set-up phase of collaboration, but has limited impact on long term development of partnerships. The data also illustrates the weak side of networks; they are efficient mechanism for forming relationships but in some cases represent weak commitment to partnerships over time, leading to low or symbolic firm involvement and high firm exit rates.

Attachment is a significant human need throughout life. Recent developments in communication technologies indicate that social networking sites (SNS) play a significant role in forming relationships. In addition to forming real-life relationships, students also form new relationships and maintain already existing relationships through SNS. In other words, in line with uses and gratifications theory, new media are used to gratify students' needs. In this study conducted in 2011, the authors have compared real-life friendships with friendships formed through SNS, in fulfilling the attachment needs of students at the English Preparatory School at the Eastern Mediterranean University. They have found statistically significant differences between attachments formed in real life and those formed through SNS. Therefore, they determined that, SNS play a significant role in satisfying the need for attachment among young people who are at the outset of their tertiary education. Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the publisher version (published version) of this article is only available via subscription. You may click URI and have access to the Publisher Version of this article through the publisher web site or online databases, if your Library or institution has subscription to the related journal or publication.

The intent of this study is to fully investigate the major issues and challenges related to characteristics of gifted children from multicultural families in Korea. The gifted students of multicultural families are currently categorized as disadvantaged gifted students, but they need to be defined more deeply and separately due to the continuous increase of multicultural families. Most culturally different gifted children have common problem such as integrating into Korean culture, often suffering from emotional problems and their parents` economic disadvantage. Due to these problems a variety of issues arise. First, culturally diverse talented students have problems due to the alienation and the lack of equal opportunity given to gifted children of multicultural families in need. Secondly, another issue is whether or not the selection of these students for a gifted and talented program is administered equally and fairly. Thirdly students and teachers may have difficulty forming relationships. Fourth, there is a dire need to address the issue of a lack of formal education policy. for these students. Fifth, the formulation of a gifted and talented program solely for multicultural students is necessary. Sixth, educating the parents of such students remains a critical challenge. Seventh, the last issue arises from a lack of research regarding the identity of multicultural gifted children in Korea. In this study, we discuss each of these issues in-depth. Additionally the future of Korean Multicultural Gifted selection, training in the field, school direction and it`s implications are discussed.

LGBT international students have unique issues and needs in coping with their student life in the United States. Their primary issues include developing their own sexual identity, coming out in a variety of academic and social settings, forming relationships, returning to home countries, and differing health-related issues from domestic students. Therefore, mental health professionals must be aware of these issues, provide support that fits the person's individual needs, and serve as advocates for these students in their campuses and local communities. Four challenges and key concepts for mental health professionals are provided.

Social media has become an integral part of the life of modern society. Facebook is the most popular social media, his role was primarily to share information about your friends and share with them any content. Currently, the possibility of use Facebook are more widely, among other things enables banks to forming relationships with customers (current and potential). The benefits of social networking are double-sided – for consumers it is a form of access to banking services, for financial institutions access to information about the behavior and needs of their customers. The aim of this article is to present the role of Facebook in banks marketing activity in the context of social media. The article will be shown directions of the use of Facebook by selected banks, as well as will be described marketing activity of these institutions to their profiles on social networking sites.

Bame examines if the Servant Leadership Model in creating positive change can counteract the development of a sub-culture of workplace bullying in organizations. The chapter focuses on the three perspectives of characteristics of the workplace bully, servant leadership implications from an employee perspective, and experiences of the victims of workplace bullying. It is possible to apply the Servant Leadership Model to organizations whose culture has developed cases of workplace bullying and effect positive changes to the culture through the attributes of accountability, respect, integrity, and community. More specifically, if organizations adopt the principles of servant leadership, such as ethical behavior, forming relationships, empowering, and helping their followers to grow and succeed, then leadership can create positive change in organizations.

Despite advances in concept extraction from free text, finding\ud meaningful health related information from online patient forums\ud still poses a significant challenge. Here we demonstrate how structured\ud information can be extracted from posts found in such online health related\ud forums by forming relationships between a drug/treatment and a\ud symptom or side effect, including the polarity/sentiment of the patient.\ud In particular, a rule-based natural language processing (NLP) system\ud is deployed, where information in sentences is linked together though\ud anaphora resolution. Our NLP relationship extraction system provides\ud a strong baseline, achieving an F1 score of over 80% in discovering the\ud said relationships that are present in the posts we analysed.

Accessible summary We looked at how staff think about the changes from working in a long-stay hospital setting to working in a home for people with learning disabilities. In homes, staff said that they were more relaxed and could spend more time and offer more choices to residents than they could when they worked in hospital settings. With the changes, staff often had to make their own decisions about the care they provide and were worried about getting it right. Staff felt that their managers were looking more closely at what they were doing. Staff said that team meetings, supervision and training helped them to cope with the changes. Summary This study describes research that was designed to explore the reflections and perspectives of staff who had experienced the change from institutional care to person-centred care and learn what factors had supported the change to, and continued adoption of, person-centred care. In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with seven participants working in residential homes for people with learning disabilities. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants described positive changes, for example they were able to offer choice and spend time with residents. They perceived the work as less pressured and more relaxed. For some, this had the impact of encouraging them to work harder and freeing up their time to facilitate forming relationships with residents in the homes. Participants discussed an increased autonomy, responsibility and accountability in their work and a sense of being constantly monitored. There appeared to be reluctance amongst participants to own difficulties and anxieties associated with changes. Participants identified a number of strategies and issues that they felt had supported these changes. The research suggests some areas of consideration for implications regarding future practice in staff support and training within services for people with learning disabilities.

This chapter assesses the impact of a dramatherapy intervention on the early social behaviours of young children aged 5-7 with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC). It describes a study that uses a new observable assessment tool from Gillis, Callahan and Romanczykv, The Behavioural Assessment of Social Communication of Young Children, to measure and collate outcomes, along with rating scales completed by teachers and parents. The chapter demonstrates that dramatherapy is an effective intervention in ameliorating difficulties in social interaction with young children with ASC. It examines how signs of early interactive communication are delayed or seen as deficit. The chapter argues that sensory processing difficulties account for many of the problems in forming relationships. It presents vignettes, based on the therapist's observations, to demonstrate how the dramatherapy sessions impacted upon the early social behaviour of the young autistic children in the group, and to show how children with different sensory needs were able to become more responsive in their social interaction.

This qualitative study explores how women in emerging adulthood make meaning of text messaging while developing an intimate heterosexual relationship. A focus group consisting of eight women was used in order to understand the way women interpret text messages during the formation of a romantic relationship. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from the data: (1) what is the landscape?, (2) how do I figure it out?, (3) red flags, and (4) a red flag means. Participants described the context in which they enter relationships, and the role texting plays. Different strategies they used to make meaning of ambiguous text messages were discussed. Participants reported behaviors that were identified as red flags and how participants made meaning of those red flags Limitations, clinical implications, and future directions are identified and discussed. Master of Science