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Maize production and quality are affected by infection with plant pathogens. One of the maize's essential and main diseases is downy mildew caused by Peronosclerospora spp. Downy mildew is a limiting factor in increasing production and can reduce production by 80-100%. It is because the affected plant cannot produce cobs. Pathogens obtain nutrients from the host cell, which can kill the cell and damage the surrounding tissues, resulting in visible downy mildew symptoms. Boron (B) plays a role in forming phloem, increasing the fruit's number, weight, bunch weight, and diameter. The primary function of B at the molecular level is the cross-linking of pectin in the plant cell wall. Ramnogalacturonan II (RG II) is a pectic polysaccharide that contributes to the mechanical strength and properties of the primary wall cross-linked by borate diesters. Phosphorus (P) controls the downsides in the greenhouse and field conditions. This study aims to measure changes in chlorophyll index, P and B uptakes in downy mildew affected plants. The field experiment used a group randomized design with six natural phosphate (FA) application treatments and four groups of borax doses as replicates. The results showed that the downy mildew decreased the chlorophyll index of the leaves at different levels of attack. The results of P concentration according to the position of healthy plant leaves were significantly different due to P treatment. In contrast to concentration B, there is no real difference. P and B uptake results in downy mildew-infested plants showed a significant difference only in P uptake in leaves with 1 FA treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of sugar, nitrogen, and phosphorus consumption by kombucha culture is necessary to gain additional insight into the kombucha metabolic pathways and nutritional value of the produced beverages and to set a basis for optimizing the conditions for large-scale production. Kombucha beverage was made using effluent obtained from grape must clarification phase of white wine production. The fermentation medium was prepared by diluting the sterilized initial medium with approximately 16% of total reducing sugars to 3, 5, and 7% of total reducing sugars. The duration of the fermentation was nine days at 20, 25, and 30 °C. Sugars, nitrogen, and phosphorus content were measured using DNS, Kjeldahl, and molybdenum blue methods, respectively. The highest sugar content was in the initial medium (16.34%) and the lowest was after nine days of fermentation at 30 °C with 3% initial sugar content (0.17%). Residual levels of sugars, nitrogen, and phosphorus after three days were modeled using response surface methodology. The proposed mathematical models for sugars and nitrogen content showed an exceptional correlation with the experimentally obtained values. With this study insight into kombucha's consumption of basic nutrients, nutritional value of the obtained products, and optimization of product composition was provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan is the property of Brawijaya University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Indonesian Fisheries Processing Journal / Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many plants can establish symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil to promote plant growth and nutrient uptake. In this study, the effects of different mycorrhizal preparations (Mikostar, Endo Roots, and G. mosseae) and different phosphorus doses on the development of common vetch were examined. The experiment was set up according to the random plot design with 3 replications. The effects of the treatments on plant height, green part weight, root weight, root length, chlorophyll content of the leaves, root infection rate of mycorrhizae, and the uptake of some macro- and micro-nutrients were investigated. The effects of the treatments on plant height, green parts and root dry weight, root length, and root infection percentages were found to be different. As a result of the combined application of increasing doses of phosphorus and mycorrhizal inoculants, the effect of mycorrhiza decreased with increasing doses of phosphorus. The results showed the positive effect of inoculating mycorrhiza with low phosphorus dose or alone on the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The development of industry around the world has made the problem of comprehensive processing of industrial waste and the involvement of substandard mineral resources into production urgent. Accumulated industrial waste is considered a complex and labor-intensive work in terms of chemical and particle size distribution. Therefore, the processing of industrial waste from phosphorus production to obtain marketable products is an urgent task. Purpose. Study of the physico-chemical properties of cottrel dust for the production of phosphoruscontaining fertilizers. Methodology. Study of the physico-chemical properties of cottrel dust using modern instrumental equipment. Originality. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the physico-chemical properties of cottrel dust obtained from phosphorus production waste for the phosphorus-containing fertilizers. Findings. It has been determined that the dispersed composition in cottrel dust consists of 90% dust particles with a size of at least 20 microns, and 10% mechanical entrainment. It was revealed that at a temperature of 989.21 0C the mass loss of cottrel dust is 4.12% of the total mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Indonesian Fisheries Processing Journal / Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The seasonal and spatial distributions of particulate phosphorus (PP) in the water column of the coastal area and open sea of the middle Adriatic Sea area were investigated for the first time. The relationship between PP and two other important forms of phosphorus (dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and organic phosphorus (P-ORG)), and the relationship between PP and other nutrients (nitrogen and silicon salts) and oceanographic parameters (temperature, salinity, oxygen saturation, chlorophyll a) from the water column were also examined. PP concentrations ranged from 0.007 μmol dm-3 in the open sea near Palagruža archipelago to 0.589 μmol dm-3 in the Krka River estuary. In the coastal area, PP concentrations were highest in autumn and lowest in winter. The vertical distribution of PP concentrations in the water column of the coastal area were highest in the surface layer during most of the year due to input of PP by freshwater inflows. In the open sea area, there were no significant seasonal or vertical differences in the distribution of PP concentrations in the water column. Seasonal analysis of the total phosphorus pool (PP, DIP and P-ORG) in the water column indicated that PP and P-ORG concentrations were higher in the coastal area compared to the open sea, while DIP concentrations were comparable. The results further demonstrate that PP can be an important fraction of the total phosphorus pool. A significant positive correlation was found between PP and chlorophyll a, indicating that PP was mainly of biological origin, and with nutrient salts of nitrogen and silicon, while a negative correlation was found with salinity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Agriculture & Wildlife Science is the property of International Journal of Agriculture & Wildlife Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work, a bio-based, lightweight, coated cotton fabric by using a cleaner manufacturing method, “photocuring” was proposed in order to be used as an alternative to the conventional heat-, solvent-, and waterbased outdoor textile (tarpaulin, tent, etc.) manufacturing. For this purpose, photocurable bio-based phosphorylated oligomer was synthesized with the reaction between a monomethacrylate functional phosphorus containing monomer and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). The synthesized phosphorylated ESBO (P-ESBO) oligomer was used in cotton fabric coatings in different proportions and photocured with UV light exposure. The effects of the amount of P-ESBO oligomer in the formulation on the crystalline morphology, mechanical, thermal, surface wettability, flammability, and abrasion resistance properties of the cotton fabrics were all searched. It was revealed that the increasing amount of P-ESBO oligomer in the formulation increases the drapeability and tensile strength of the fabrics with enhanced flame resist property by giving higher char yields. Besides, phosphorylated oligomer also acted as an adhesion promoter between the fabric surface and coating layer resulting a better abrasion resistance property.

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Precipitation of struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) in wastewater treatment plants where nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) treatment is carried out causes very important operational problems. Also, since MAP has commercial value, its control and recovery is important. Therefore, batch experiments were conducted to examine the effects of pH, Magnesium (Mg): N and N:P molar ratio, different Mg2+ sources and the presence of calcium (Ca2+) on MAP crystallization. Experimental results showed that at a constant Mg:N:P=1:1:1 ratio, the optimum pH was 9, and the N and P removal efficiencies at this pH were 79.4% and 88.4% respectively. These removal efficiencies for N and P increased to 87.6% and 99.1%, respectively, by increasing the Mg:N ratio to 1.25:1. By increasing the N:P ratio to 1:1.15, the N removal efficiency increased to 96.4%, but the P removal efficiency decreased to 96.1%. The most effective source of Mg2+ was found to be MgCl2.6H2O, with N and P removal efficiencies of over 96%. It was found that the N removal efficiency was significantly reduced in the presence of Ca2+ in the solution. It was determined that the N removal efficiency, which was >96% in the absence of Ca2+, decreased to 68.6% at 1000 mg/L Ca2+ concentration. In the XRD analysis performed on the sediment, it was determined that the formation was a MAP crystal, and in the addition of Ca2+, an amorphous structure rich in Ca2+ was formed instead of MAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a growing world, growing polarity between the rich and the poor is getting more and more distinct, there comes a huge problem of food shortage. For many years, scientists have been working consistently, conducting researches for an optimal solution to this problem. One of the main solutions to this food crisis is to properly supplement the essential nutrients that plants uptake from soil. In theses, a solution to the problem is given in successful studies increasing both yield and quality coefficients of plants. In fertilizer analysis of this research, farmers will be able to find the fertilizer uptake of their soil, which in turn, will help in calculating costs beforehand in terms of high-yield production rates and lesser finances spent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Accumulated industrial waste, including from phosphorus production in Kazakhstan, in the form of slag, ferro-phosphorus, phosphorus sludge and cottrel dust, creates serious environmental problems in the regions. Their recycling is important. Purpose. Study of the thermodynamic laws of the process of formation of kottrel dust. Methodology. Thermodynamic calculations of the reactions of kottrel dust formation were studied using the Chemistry HSC-6 programs. Originality. The thermodynamic regularities of the processes of formation of kotrel dust from the electric smelting of phosphorite raw materials have been studied. Findings. The chemical reactions responsible for the formation of kottrel dust, the values of their entropy, enthalpy and Gibbs energy are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bahan pangan sumber zat gizi yang jarang dimanfaatkan namun jumlahnya berlimpah adalah cangkang telur. Penggunaan pretreatment asam untuk mempercepat waktu pengeringan, meminimalkan kehilangan zat gizi, menghilangkan aroma amis pada produk bubuk, meningkatkan daya larut dan efisiensi penyerapan di usus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat perbedaan kadar proksimat, dan mineral (kalsium dan fosfor) bubuk cangkang telur pretreatment asam yakni menggunakan asam jeruk nipis, belimbing wuluh dan asam jawa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Pembuatan Serbuk cangkang telur yakni dengan merebus cangkang telur pada suhu 1000C selama 30 menit dan merendam cangkang telur dengan larutan asam yakni asam dan jawa, belimbing wuluh dan jeruk nipis sebanyak 0,5% selama 3 jam. Proses pengeringan dilakukan pada oven suhu 950C selama 3 jam hingga dilakukan proses penepungan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan nilai gizi akibat pretreatment asam pada pembuatan bubuk cangkang telur. Penggunaan jeruk nipis 0,5% memberikan potensi terbaik pada pengolahan bubuk cangkang telur.

In this work, a bio-based, lightweight, coated cotton fabric by using a cleaner manufacturing method, "photocuring" was proposed in order to be used as an alternative to the conventional heat-, solvent-, and water-based outdoor textile (tarpaulin, tent, etc.) manufacturing. For this purpose, photocurable bio-based phosphorylated oligomer was synthesized with the reaction between a monomethacrylate functional phosphorus containing monomer and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). The synthesized phosphorylated ESBO (P-ESBO) oligomer was used in cotton fabric coatings in different proportions and photocured with UV light exposure. The effects of the amount of P-ESBO oligomer in the formulation on the crystalline morphology, mechanical, thermal, surface wettability, flammability, and abrasion resistance properties of the cotton fabrics were all searched. It was revealed that the increasing amount of P-ESBO oligomer in the formulation increases the drapeability and tensile strength of the fabrics with enhanced flame resist property by giving higher char yields. Besides, phosphorylated oligomer also acted as an adhesion promoter between the fabric surface and coating layer resulting a better abrasion resistance property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annales Horticulturae is the property of University of Life Sciences in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ege Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lucrari Stiintifice, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole Si Medicina Veterinara Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi, Seria Horticultura is the property of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (Editura Ion Ionescu de la Brad) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fosfor jest niezbędnym, ale i ograniczonym w występowaniu pierwiastkiem o dużym znaczeniu dla wszystkich żywych organizmów, w tym także dla roślin. Światowe złoża fosforytów wykorzystywanych do produkcji nawozów fosforowych ulegają szybkiemu wyczerpaniu, stąd pierwiastek ten został umieszczony na tzw. liście surowców krytycznych. Rolnictwo i ogrodnictwo w dużym stopniu uzależnione jest od wykorzystania nawozów fosforowych w celu utrzymania produkcji żywności oraz pasz o wysokiej jakości. Przewiduje się, że zapotrzebowanie na fosfor jako nawóz wzrośnie wraz ze wzrostem liczby ludności na świecie z obecnych 7,2 mld do 9,6 mld w 2050 r. Stąd należy poszukiwać alternatywnych jego źródeł. Potencjalnym źródłem fosforu są różnego rodzaju odpady m.in. osady ściekowe czy popioły powstające w wyniku ich spalania. Bezpośrednie wykorzystanie osadów ściekowych w rolnictwie oraz ich składowanie jest obecnie zastępowane przez termiczną utylizację czy odzysk składników pokarmowych. Dzięki wykorzystaniu gospodarki o charakterze cyrkularnym, osady ściekowe jako potencjalnie niebezpieczne odpady, jednocześnie zasobne w fosfor, zostają przekształcone w gotowy produkt i wracają ponownie do środowiska w postaci nawozów. Produktem odzysku fosforu z osadów ściekowych jest m.in. struwit, który może być z powodzeniem wykorzystany w rolnictwie. Priorytetem polityki gospodarczej UE jest produkcja nawozów w sposób zrównoważony, który zostanie spełniony np. poprzez produkcję struwitu. Struwit w swoim składzie zawiera nie tylko fosfor, ale także azot i magnez. Ilość fosforu i magnezu, jaka może zostać wprowadzona wraz ze struwitem do gleby, jest większa niż w przypadku typowych nawozów mineralnych. Zawartość azotu i potasu w nawozach struwitowych jest niższa w porównaniu z tradycyjnymi nawozami. Dlatego zaleca się stosowanie struwitu w połączeniu z nawozami konwencjonalnymi, dla optymalnego zbilansowania poszczególnych makroskładników. Struwit uważany jest za skuteczny nawóz wolno uwalniający składniki pokarmowe, który z powodzeniem może być aplikowany w uprawie roślin rolniczych, warzywniczych czy ozdobnych. Niski indeks zasolenia, ograniczone wymywanie składników odżywczych i wysoka jakość nawozu wynikająca z niskiej zawartości metali ciężkich czynią struwit nawozem przyjaznym dla środowiska. Struwit jako nawóz doglebowy nie powoduje zwiększenia zawartości metali ciężkich w roślinach oraz podłożu. Aplikacja struwitu pozytywnie wpływa na plony wielu gatunków roślin uprawnych. Wstępne badania nad jego wykorzystaniem w produkcji roślinnej wskazują nawet na wyższą skuteczność w porównaniu z typowymi nawozami fosforowymi rozpuszczalnymi w wodzie. W związku z tym przyszłe badania nad struwitem powinny koncentrować się m.in. na optymalizacji produkcji i wykorzystania nawozów powstałych na bazie osadów ściekowych w nawożeniu różnych gatunków upraw rolniczych, ogrodniczych czy sadowniczych.

Copyright of Agriculture / Poljoprivreda is the property of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomy Science is the property of University of Life Sciences in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Broad beans, which are among the legumes, have nutritional importance with their high protein content. There are limited number of studies on broad bean cultivation in our region. In this study, the effects of phosphorus doses (0-6-9-12-15 kg/da) on yield, yield components and protein ratio of some broad bean cultivars (Tugay-Kıtık 2003-Salkım) were investigated. The study was carried out in the experimental area of Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops in 2019/20 and 2020/21. In the study, it was found that the effects of phosphorus doses on yield components such as the number of pods and the number of pods per plant were significant. In addition, the effect of phosphorus application on grain yield and yield components was found to be significant. The highest average grain yield values were determined as 297.1 kg/da (15 kg/da P) in the first year and 316.1 kg/da (12 kg/da P) in the second year. Phosphorus doses are also effective on grain protein ratio, the average highest values were measured as 24.7% in the first year and 25.3% in the second year from the 12 kg/da phosphorus dose. Close data were obtained from the varieties in grain yield. Salkım gave a higher grain yield than the others in the second year. It was determined that the Tugay stood out in both years in terms of grain protein ratio. As a result, 12 kg/da phosphorus application was the prominent dose in terms of grain yield and protein ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine chemical composition of 24 common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) accessions, collected from natural flora in European part of Turkey. The field experiment was carried out in the 2015-2016 growing season at field experimental area of Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Agricultural Faculty, Field Crops Department in Tekirdag/Turkey. In this study, chemical structure (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) content) of common vetch accessions were determined on hay. Chemical composition content was statistically significantly different (P≤0.01) between accessions. According to the results obtained from field experiments, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn content of common vetch accessions varied between 0.95–3.14 %, 0.84–3.65 %, 0.22–2.44 %, 0.89–2.85 %, 0.23–0.74 %, 0.15–7.80 ppm, 0.10–5.30 ppm, 43.00–2295.20 ppm, 3.08–17.50 ppm, respectively. A wide variation was observed among common vetch accessions used in the study for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn content. Tetany and Ca/P rates of accessions changed from 0.13 - 1.54 and 0.28 - 2.19, respectively. The tetany and Ca/P rates of common vetch accessions are within suitable values for animal feeding. Ca/P ratio is above the limit value only in accessions 15-2 and 14O04. According to the correlation analysis, N was positively and significantly correlated with P, K, Mg, Cu and Fe. Similarly, P was positively and significantly correlated with N, K and Fe. Magnesium was positively and significantly correlated with N, Ca, Cu, Fe and Mn. Iron was positively and significantly correlated with N, P, Ca, Mg and Cu. As a result, accession 15K17 and 33 were identified as common vetch accessions with high mineral nutrition content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Plant Protection is the property of Institute of Plant Protection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of study is to investigate; the effect of increasing several doses P application on soil C, N and P concentration in Long term experiment conditions. Tested hypothesis; increasing P doses application increases soil C, N and P concentration, consequently plant yield can increase. The experiment has establish at University of Çukurova, Faculty of Agriculture, Research and Application field on Arık soil series from since 1998 until update. Four doses of P applied; such as 0 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P0), 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P50), 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P100) and 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P200) with tree replications. Under rain fed condition Adana-99 species wheat (‎Triticum aestivum L.) seeds were sown in November 2017 and harvested at May 2018. Soil samples were taken at different depth (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere part at harvest. Soil P concentrations, organic C (OC), inorganic C (IC), soil total carbon C and N were analyzed. Result shown that there is a statistically difference as P concentration, especially in both depth of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, the best application is P200 compared to the control. As the P dose increased, also soil P content increased linearly. In terms of soil OC content, there was a statistically significant difference at a depth of 15-30 cm in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and, the best practice was got at P200 application compared to control treatment. In addition, due to increasing doses of P application, the mean soil OC, total N and C content increased. The founded results are support our hypothesis.

Environmental pollution is defined as the disruption of normal ecological balance with emmision of various substances and energy residues as a result of human activities. Animal production is one of the major human activity that enables this emission to increase significantly. Although ruminants play an important role in the effects of animal production on environmental pollutant emissions, the effects of poultry production and broiler production are also worth considering. As in all livestock types, the main factor that has a direct impact on environmental pollutant emissions is feeding for this animal types too. High nutrient needs of broilers and production processes of feed containing these nutrients; greenhouse gas causes increased nitrogen and phosphorus emissions; consequently, they cause air, soil and water pollution to multiply. Changes in protein and amino acid levels or the use of certain feed additives in feeds affect the emission value of broiler production. In addition, the feeding methods also has an effect on these emission values. When these effects are taken into consideration, it is possible to reduce the emission values in broiler production. In this review, environmental effects of broiler nutrition examined in terms of feed production, nutrient emission by manure, presentation of feed and feed form.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar fosfor dan kalium serta sifat fisik pupuk kompos setelah diberi penambahan starter EM4, kotoran ayam dan sapi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah RAL dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kedua (P2) dengan komposisi sampah sayur 50 kg + 1 kg kapur + 1 kg bekatul + kotoran ayam 15% memberikan kadar fosfor terbaik. Untuk semua perlakuan menunjukkan hasil kadar fosfor dan kalium yang sudah sesuai dengan syarat SNI 17-7030-2004. Sifat fisik pupuk kompos yang diamati yaitu pH, suhu, bau, tekstur dan warna juga sudah sesuai dengan syarat pupuk kompos yang matang yaitu menghasilkan pH 6,3-7, suhu 29-30oC, tidak berbau, berwarna cokelat kehitaman dan tekstur yang halus.

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura is the property of University of Technology & Life Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was carried out to determine the effects of replacement of wheat flour with wheat middling (WM) and supplemental phosphorus at a level of 1% on growth and nutrient utilization, whole body, fillet, viscera and liver proximate compositions in turbot, (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, 1758). The control diet was based on a mixture of three fish meals and whole wheat flour. Fish with an average initial weight of 266.67±0.72 g were fed experimental diets for 9 weeks. Each treatment was tried in four replicates. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant effects of the treatment on growth rate, nutrient utilization parameters such as feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency rate, nitrogen, lipid and energy gains and retentions, hepato-somatic index, viscero-somatic index, condition factor, whole body (except dry matter which was significantly lower in P added diet than the control) and organ nutrient compositions (P>0.05). The findings suggest that WM can totally replace wheat flour and there is a tendency of a positive contribution of dietary P supplementation on the response variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Croatica is the property of Acta Stomatologica Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wyniki uzyskano na podstawie badań środowiskowych przeprowadzonych w roku 2012 i 2016. Na badanym obszarze wyznaczono 318 punktów pobierania próbek glebowych, z czego 249 wyznaczono na gruntach ornych, 69 na użytkach zielonych (45 na glebach bardzo lekkich, 103 na lekkich, 101 na średnich i 69 na ciężkich). W pobranych próbkach glebowych oznaczono skład granulometryczny metodą laserową, pH w 1 mol KCl dm–3, fosfor i potas przyswajalny metodą Egnera-Riehma (DL), magnez przyswajalny po ekstrakcji z gleby 0,0125 mol CaCl2 dm–3. Uzyskane wyniki badań oceniono na podstawie liczb granicznych obowiązujących w Polsce. Stwierdzono, że w pięciu powiatach (biłgorajski, parczewski, rycki, świdnicki, tomaszowski) nastąpił wzrost udziału procentowego gleb kwaśnych i bardzo kwaśnych w roku 2016 w porównaniu z rokiem 2012. W pozostałych powiatach udział ten zmniejszył się lub pozostał niezmieniony. Pomimo odnotowanej poprawy odczynu gleby pomiędzy rokiem 2012 a 2016 udział gleb wymagających koniecznego lub potrzebnego wapnowania zmniejszył się o ponad 4 p.p., z 36% w roku 2012 do 31,9% w roku 2016. Jednocześnie udział gleb o ograniczonych potrzebach wapnowania lub braku jego konieczności był podobny w obu latach badań (50%). Zasobność gleby w przyswajalne formy badanych makroelementów (P, K, Mg) zmniejszyła się w roku 2016 w porównaniu z rokiem 2012. Wzrost udziału gleb o bardzo niskiej i niskiej zasobności w roku 2016 był różny w zależności od pierwiastka i wynosił: 1 p.p. dla fosforu (wzrost z 27% w roku 2012 do 28% w roku 2016), 4,3 p.p. dla potasu (46,1% – 2012, 50,4% – 2016), 6,4 p.p. dla magnezu (54,9% – 2012, 61,3% – 2016). Wzrost udziału gleb o niskiej i bardzo niskiej zasobności w makroelementy (P, K, Mg) w roku 2016, w porównaniu z rokiem 2012, świadczy o konieczności wprowadzenia zrównoważonego nawożenia tymi składnikami, uwzględniającego zasobność gleby oraz potrzeby pokarmowe uprawianych roślin.

Araştırma, farklı azot ve fosfor dozlarının aspirde verim ve verim öğelerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Kırşehir ekolojik koşullarında 2016 yılında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede ana parsellere azot (0, 4, 8, 12 kg N/da) dozları, alt parsellere fosfor (0, 4, 8, 12 kg P2O5/da) dozları uygulanmış ve tesadüf blokları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucuna göre azot ve fosfor dozlarındaki değişimin rozette kalma süresine, çiçeklenme süresine, olgunlaşma gün sayısına, bitki boyuna, yan dal sayısına, tabla sayısına, bin dane ağırlığına ve tohum verimine olumlu etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda azot ve fosfor dozlarına göre bitki boyunun 48,5 -54,5 cm, yan dal sayısının 2,6-3,6 adet/bitki, tabla sayısının 3,6-4,7 adet/bitki, tabla çapının 19,73-22,28 mm, 1000 tane ağırlığının 34,79-37,43 g, iç-kabuk oranının %57,06-59,37 oranında, tohum veriminin 82,17-182,23 kg/da, ham protein oranı %17,27-19,06 arasında, yağ oranlarının %35,35-38,59 ve yağ veriminin 38,04-60,33 kg/da arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. En yüksek verim 12 kg N/da+12 kg P2O5/da gübre dozundan 182,23 kg/da olarak elde edilmiştir.

Aim: Hypercalcemia (HCM) is a common clinical problem characterized by a serum corrected calcium (cCa) level of >10.7 mg/dL. Primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy are mostly (90%) involved in the etiology. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship of cCa and phosphorus (P) levels, cCa/P ratio and gender with the etiology of HCM and one-week mortality. Methods: Records of HCM patients older than 18 years of age who were hospitalized between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, cCa and P levels, HCM etiology and one-week survival status of the patients were recorded. Subsequently, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether the etiology of HCM was benign or malignant. Then, the groups were compared statistically in terms of gender, biochemical values and one-week survival. Results: The median level of serum cCa was found to be significantly higher in males (p<0.00). The frequency of malignancy-associated HCM was higher in males than in females. When the groups were compared, serum cCa and P levels were found to be higher in malignancy-associated group (p<0.000 and p=0.005, respectively). The one-week mortality rate in all patients was 18.99%. However, surprisingly, the oneweek mortality rate in malignancy-associated HCM was lower than in the other group. Conclusion: Our study results show that serum cCa and P levels at the time of admission, and gender may help early evaluation of the etiology and/or prognosis of HCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out to determine the effects of different phosphorus and zeolite doses on dry matter yield and some properties of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in irrigated conditions. The experiment was established in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications according to the factorial arrangement. Four phosphorus (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg P2O5 da-1) and 4 zeolite doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg da-1) were applied in combination. Field study was established in 2012 and the data received in 2013 and 2014 were evaluated. In the study, plant height, dry matter yield, plant density and crude protein, ADF and NDF ratios of the hay were investigated. Dry matter yield and plant density have increased significantly with phosphorus fertilizer and zeolite applications. Hay quality parameters (crude protein, ADF and NDF ratios) were not affected by the applications. Under current conditions, it is recommended to apply 10 kg P2O5 and 150 kg zeolite per decare to obtain high dry matter yield from alfalfa and keep the plant density high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our study aimed to determine the relationship between the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and calcium and phosphorus levels by retrospectively obtaining vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus values. Methods: Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus levels of patients admitted to family medicine between October 2015 and December 2017 were evaluated. Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman's rho tests were used for data analysis and p values <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,063 patients were included in the study. The percentage of patients with normal vitamin D levels was 20.5% and those with normal calcium and phosphorus levels were 97.1% and 84.9% of the study population, respectively. Positive correlation was found between vitamin D levels, calcium, and age. Conclusion: In our study, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found to be 49.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Considering some studies conducted previously in Turkey and abroad, vermicompost was found to be effective on plant yield. However, due to the use of vermicompost, there are no studies on the adsorption of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) elements. In the experiment, the effects of vermicompost, an organic fertilizer, on the retention of P and K elements were investigated. The experiment was established as 2 independent trials and the adsorption of P and K was followed. In experiments, vermicompost in the same dose (10000 kg ha-1), the dosages of P element (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg P2O5 ha-1), K element (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 kg K2O ha-1) and 6 washings with 15 days interval was applied. When increased phosphorus and potassium applications were examined with vermicompost added to perlite medium, it was found that the amount of P2O5 and K2O washed increased as the amount added regularly to the medium increased as a result of 6 washings. The highest washing at P2O5 was found at 40 kg ha-1 (45.2%) and the lowest washing at 120 kg ha-1 (32.2%). In potassium, the highest washing was found at 500 kg K2O ha-1 (66.8%) and the least washing was found at 100 kg K2O ha-1 (43.9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten research plots were selected on the Eagle Mts. (Orlické hory, Czech Republic) ridge, within complexes of young Norway spruce stands. Since 2002 the defoliation of tree crowns and height increment have been assessed every year after the vegetation season. Sampling of needles for nutrient analyses has been carried out since 2004 every autumn together with the crown condition assessment. Soil samples were taken in 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018. Samples of the upper organic layer and of the mineral soil in 0–25 cm depth were taken separately. Samples of assimilation organs, humus and mineral soil were prepared and analysed according to the standard ICP Forests methods. Long term results have confirmed that the crown defoliation is decreasing. Health status significantly improved, and crown defoliation values got comparable to those of other forest regions in the Czech Republic. Foliar concentrations of stress elements (sulfur, fluorine) decreased, and foliar analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in air pollution load. There is a problem with insufficient uptake of phosphorus. Soil analyses confirmed the fact that the soil environment is acidic, and the amounts of accessible phosphorus, exchangeable magnesium and calcium are significantly deficient in the mineral soil. In this region there is still high deposition load – total N deposition varies usually between 30–40 kg.ha-1.y-1 and total S deposition between 15–30 kg.ha-1.y-1, i.e. 2–3 times higher than in other regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agronomy Science is the property of University of Life Sciences in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)