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622 results on '"Fossi, MARIA CRISTINA"'

27. Monitoring plastic pollution using bioindicators: a global review and recommendations for marine environments

Author

Savoca, Matthew S., Abreo, Neil Angelo, Arias, Andres H., Baes, Laura, Baini, Matteo, Bergami, Elisa, Brander, Susanne, Canals, Miquel, Choy, C. Anela, Corsi, Ilaria, De Witte, Bavo, Domit, Camila, Dudas, Sarah, Duncan, Emily M., Fernández, Claudia E., Fossi, Maria Cristina, Garcés-Ordóñez, Ostin, Godley, Brendan J., González-Paredes, Daniel, González Carman, Victoria, Hamilton, Bonnie M., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Hong, Sang Hee, Kahane-Rapport, Shirel, Kashiwabara, Lauren M., Lacerda, Mariana Baptista, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Manno, Clara, Nelms, Sarah E., Panti, Cristina, Pérez-Venegas, Diego J., Pham, Christopher K., Provencher, Jennifer F., Purca, Sara, Rashid, Harunur, Rodríguez, Yasmina, Sparks, Conrad, Sun, ChengJun, Thiel, Martin, Tsangaris, Catherine, Santos, Robson G., Savoca, Matthew S., Abreo, Neil Angelo, Arias, Andres H., Baes, Laura, Baini, Matteo, Bergami, Elisa, Brander, Susanne, Canals, Miquel, Choy, C. Anela, Corsi, Ilaria, De Witte, Bavo, Domit, Camila, Dudas, Sarah, Duncan, Emily M., Fernández, Claudia E., Fossi, Maria Cristina, Garcés-Ordóñez, Ostin, Godley, Brendan J., González-Paredes, Daniel, González Carman, Victoria, Hamilton, Bonnie M., Hardesty, Britta Denise, Hong, Sang Hee, Kahane-Rapport, Shirel, Kashiwabara, Lauren M., Lacerda, Mariana Baptista, Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo, Manno, Clara, Nelms, Sarah E., Panti, Cristina, Pérez-Venegas, Diego J., Pham, Christopher K., Provencher, Jennifer F., Purca, Sara, Rashid, Harunur, Rodríguez, Yasmina, Sparks, Conrad, Sun, ChengJun, Thiel, Martin, Tsangaris, Catherine, and Santos, Robson G.

Abstract

Monitoring the movement of plastic into marine food webs is central to understanding and mitigating the plastic pollution crisis. Bioindicators have been a component of the environmental monitoring toolkit for decades, but how, where, and which bioindicators are used in long-term monitoring programs has not yet been assessed. Moreover, these programs have yet to be synthesized and evaluated globally. Doing so is imperative if we are to learn from these pioneering programs and expand on their efforts. We reviewed global monitoring programs using bioindicators that focus on plastic pollution and found 11 worldwide that met our definition of long-term monitoring. Limited data availability and few programs in the Global South hinder progress on tracking global trends. Most commonly, long-term programs either tracked macroplastics with opportunistic sampling of large vertebrates or monitored microplastics with targeted sampling of invertebrates. These long-term bioindicators could be incorporated as essential ocean variables in the global ocean observing system, and thus provide critical insights into the trajectory and effects of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems. However, to enhance the effectiveness and inclusivity of these monitoring efforts, there is a pressing need for the implementation of harmonized and standardized methods, increased collaboration between regions, and greater support for data sharing and open science practices. By addressing these challenges and expanding the geographic scope of monitoring programs, we can better inform evidence-based policies and interventions aimed at mitigating plastic pollution on a global scale.

Published
2024

28. Evaluation of the exposure of the Mediterranean biodiversity to marine litter: the ASI – plastic busters MPAs projects connection

Author

Perna, Massimo, Brandini, Carlo, Bendoni, Michele, Lapucci, Chiara, Galgani, Francois, Panigada, Simone, Cañadas, Ana, Panti, Cristina, Fossi, Maria Cristina, Perna, Massimo, Brandini, Carlo, Bendoni, Michele, Lapucci, Chiara, Galgani, Francois, Panigada, Simone, Cañadas, Ana, Panti, Cristina, and Fossi, Maria Cristina

Abstract

A number of marine species in the Mediterranean are threatened by the presence of several pressure factors, which include climate change, collisions with vessels, entanglement and ingestion of marine litter, especially plastic. Risk reduction policies can only be conceived starting from an accurate analysis of the exposure to such pressure factors. To estimate spatial abundance of both marine species and plastic litter and to assess the exposure risk, a two-stage analysis approach was applied, using aerial survey data from the ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative (ASI), in synergy with the Plastic Busters MPAs (PB MPAs) project. First, a detection function was fitted to observation data to obtain detection probabilities for individuals, then a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was employed to estimate the spatial distribution of relative abundance, based on survey observations. A bivariate Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) was then applied to the maps of relative abundance to derive risk maps of exposure of marine species to marine litter. The maps, obtained with a spatial resolution of about 10 km, allow us to identify areas with the highest neighboring abundance of taxa and marine litter, in particular for the MPAs studied by the PB MPAs project, which include the North-Western Mediterranean (Pelagos Sanctuary and Tuscan Archipelago), the Ionian and Aegean Sea (Zakynthos), and the Strait of Sicily (Cabrera Archipelago).

Published
2024
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29. The Impact of Microplastics on Filter-Feeding Megafauna

Author

Fossi, Maria Cristina, Baini, Matteo, Panti, Cristina, Kostianoy, Andrey, Series Editor, Cocca, Mariacristina, editor, Di Pace, Emilia, editor, Errico, Maria Emanuela, editor, Gentile, Gennaro, editor, Montarsolo, Alessio, editor, Mossotti, Raffaella, editor, and Avella, Maurizio, editor

Published
2020
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39. The role of skin biopsy in the detection of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in Mediterranean cetaceans

Author

Fossi, MARIA CRISTINA, Marsili, Letizia, and NOTARBARTOLO DI SCIARA, G.

Subjects
biopsy sampling, striped dolphin, fin whale, pollutants, bottlenose dolphin, organochlorines, Animal Science and Zoology, Aquatic Science, common dolphin, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Use of skin biopsy is proposed as a sensitive non-lethal technique for the hazard assessment of Mediterranean cetaceans exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are a structurally diverse group of compounds that may adversely affect the health of humans and wildlife or their progeny, by interaction with the endocrine system. In the Mediterranean environment top predators accumulate high concentrations of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) and toxic metals, incurring high toxicological hazard. In this paper, the hypothesis that Mediterranean cetaceans are potentially at risk due to PHAH-EDCs is investigated using skin biopsy samples. Benzo-a-pyrene monoxigenase (BPMO) activity in skin biopsies was used as a potential indicator of exposure to different organochlorines (OCs) known to have endocrine disrupting properties. The main objective of this paper was to use this non-destructive ecotoxicological tool to define the potential hazard to Mediterranean odontocete and mysicete species, comparing the present data with values detected in other cetaceans from heavily polluted areas, affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Subcutaneous tissue consisting of skin and blubber was obtained from striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the Mediterranean basin. Sampling was performed in the western Ligurian Sea, between Corsica and the French-Italian coast, and in the Ionian Sea. High concentrations of DDT metabolites and PCB congeners (known as Endocrine Disruptors) were detected in the different species. Significant differences in BPMO induction and OC levels were found between odontocetes and mysticetes. Differences in organochlorine bioaccumulation and consequently potential risk due to endocrine disruptors were primarily related to different positions in the marine food web. A statistical correlation was found between BPMO activity and organochlorine (op’DDT, a potent estrogen and antiandrogen and pp’DDE, a potent antiandrogen) levels in skin biopsy specimens of the endangered Mediterranean population of common dolphin. Several conclusions on the potential risk to Mediterranean cetaceans can be drawn from comparison of the levels of OC-EDs detected in Mediterranean odontocetes with those in white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) of the St Lawrence estuary and bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Finally, these results suggest that BPMO induction may be an early sign of exposure to EDCs such as OCs and a warning of the possibility of transgenerational effects through exposure of future generations via the placenta and milk.

Published
2023
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40. Oceanographic and anthropogenic variables driving marine litter distribution in Mediterranean protected areas: Extensive field data supported by forecasting modelling

Author

Galli, Matteo, primary, Baini, Matteo, additional, Panti, Cristina, additional, Giani, Dario, additional, Caliani, Ilaria, additional, Campani, Tommaso, additional, Rosso, Massimiliano, additional, Tepsich, Paola, additional, Levati, Vanessa, additional, Laface, Federica, additional, Romeo, Teresa, additional, Scotti, Gianfranco, additional, Galgani, Francois, additional, and Fossi, Maria Cristina, additional

Published
2023
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41. Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta): A target species for monitoring litter ingested by marine organisms in the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Matiddi, Marco, Hochsheid, Sandra, Camedda, Andrea, Baini, Matteo, Cocumelli, Cristiano, Serena, Fabrizio, Tomassetti, Paolo, Travaglini, Andrea, Marra, Stefano, Campani, Tommaso, Scholl, Francesco, Mancusi, Cecilia, Amato, Ezio, Briguglio, Paolo, Maffucci, Fulvio, Fossi, Maria Cristina, Bentivegna, Flegra, and de Lucia, Giuseppe Andrea

Published
2017
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49. Oceanographic and anthropogenic variables driving marine litter distribution in Mediterranean protected areas: Extensive field data supported by forecasting modelling

Author

Galli, Matteo, Baini, Matteo, Panti, Cristina, Giani, Dario, Caliani, Ilaria, Campani, Tommaso, Rosso, Massimiliano, Tepsich, Paola, Levati, Vanessa, Laface, Federica, Romeo, Teresa, Scotti, Gianfranco, Galgani, Francois, Fossi, Maria Cristina, Galli, Matteo, Baini, Matteo, Panti, Cristina, Giani, Dario, Caliani, Ilaria, Campani, Tommaso, Rosso, Massimiliano, Tepsich, Paola, Levati, Vanessa, Laface, Federica, Romeo, Teresa, Scotti, Gianfranco, Galgani, Francois, and Fossi, Maria Cristina

Abstract

Marine litter concentration in the Mediterranean Sea is strongly influenced both by anthropogenic pressures and hydrodynamic factors that locally characterise the basin. Within the Plastic Busters MPAs (Marine Protected Areas) Interreg Mediterranean Project, a comprehensive assessment of floating macro- and microlitter in the Pelagos Sanctuary and the Tuscan Archipelago National Park was performed. An innovative multilevel experimental design has been planned ad-hoc according to a litter provisional distribution model, harmonising and implementing the current sampling methodologies. The simultaneous presence of floating macro- and microlitter items and the potential influences of environmental and anthropogenic factors affecting litter distribution have been evaluated to identify hotspot accumulation areas representing a major hazard for marine species. A total of 273 monitoring transects of floating macrolitter and 141 manta trawl samples were collected in the study areas to evaluate the abundance and composition of marine litter. High mean concentrations of floating macrolitter (399 items/km2) and microplastics (259,490 items/km2) have been found in the facing waters of the Gulf of La Spezia and Tuscan Archipelago National Park as well in the Genova canyon and Janua seamount area. Accordingly, strong litter inputs were identified to originate from the mainland and accumulate in coastal waters within 10–15 nautical miles. Harbours and riverine outfalls contribute significantly to plastic pollution representing the main sources of contamination as well as areas with warmer waters and weak oceanographic features that could facilitate its accumulation. The results achieved may indicate a potentially threatening trend of litter accumulation that may pose a serious risk to the Pelagos Sanctuary biodiversity and provide further indications for dealing with plastic pollution in protected areas, facilitating future management recommendations and mitigation actions in these

Published
2023
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