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354 results on '"Fowler, Karen E"'

1. The Development of the Tobacco Tactics Website

Author

Duffy, Sonia A, Fowler, Karen E, Flanagan, Petra S, Ronis, David L, Ewing, Lee A, and Waltje, Andrea H

Subjects
Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundWeb-based cessation interventions have been shown to reduce tobacco use, be more efficacious than self-help booklets, be more efficacious if they provide tailored messages, and enhance quit rates in conjunction with nicotine replacement therapy. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to usability test and pilot test the Tobacco Tactics website for veterans. MethodsBoth formative and summative evaluations were used across three small successive studies to develop and test the Tobacco Tactics website for veterans, which was based on a prior face-to-face smoking cessation intervention. Once the website was developed, the research team and Web developers usability tested the website with 5 veteran smokers and former smokers. Feedback from the veterans was collected as they navigated each webpage, then used to revise the website. In pilot study 1, 9 veteran smokers were provided access to the website, and given a baseline and 30-day follow-up survey. In pilot study 2, 18 veteran smokers, who were also motivated to quit smoking, were recruited and randomized to either the Tobacco Tactics website plus nicotine replacement therapy or to the 1-800-QUIT-NOW telephone line. ResultsAs a result of usability testing, more than 27 modifications were made to improve the website. In pilot study 1, 50% (3/6) veterans who entered the website had cut down on the number of cigarettes and 83% (5/6) found the website enjoyable, easy to read, easy to navigate, and would recommend the website to others. In pilot study 2, which included only smokers motivated to quit and also offered nicotine replacement therapy, seven-day point prevalence abstinence at 30-day follow-up was 40% (4/10) in the intervention group compared to 13% (1/8) in the control group. ConclusionsThese preliminary results are promising and suggest the need for wider-scale testing of the Tobacco Tactics website for veterans.

Published
2013
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23. The influence of hospital leadership support on burnout, psychological safety, and safety climate for US infection preventionists during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

Author

Gilmartin, Heather M., Saint, Sanjay, Ratz, David, Chrouser, Kristin, Fowler, Karen E., and Greene, M. Todd

Abstract

AbstractObjective:To explore infection preventionists’ perceptions of hospital leadership support for infection prevention and control programs during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and relationships with individual perceptions of burnout, psychological safety, and safety climate.Design:Cross-sectional survey, administered April through December 2021.Setting:Random sample of non-federal acute-care hospitals in the United States.Participants:Lead infection preventionists.Results:We received responses from 415 of 881 infection preventionists, representing a response rate of 47%. Among respondents, 64% reported very good to excellent hospital leadership support for their infection prevention and control program. However, 49% reported feeling burned out from their work. Also, ∼30% responded positively for all 7 psychological safety questions and were deemed to have “high psychological safety,” and 76% responded positively to the 2 safety climate questions and were deemed to have a “high safety climate.” Our results indicate an association between strong hospital leadership support and lower burnout (IRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.50–0.74), higher perceptions of psychological safety (IRR, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.00–5.10), and a corresponding 1.2 increase in safety climate on an ascending Likert scale from 1 to 10 (β, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.93–1.49).Conclusions:Our national survey provides evidence that hospital leadership support may have helped infection preventionists avoid burnout and increase perceptions of psychological safety and safety climate during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings aid in identifying factors that promote the well-being of infection preventionists and enhance the quality and safety of patient care.

Published
2024
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34. General Education Teachers' Perceptions of the Prereferral Intervention Team Process

Author

Slonski-Fowler, Karen E. and Truscott, Stephen D.

Abstract

Little information is available about teachers' perceptions of the prereferral intervention team (PIT) process. This ethnographic study examined the perceptions of 12 kindergarten through fourth-grade teachers as they progressed through the PIT process in two western New York suburban elementary schools. Data from interviews and observations suggest that teachers disengaged from the process in response to team behaviors at three critical points. Teachers disengaged when the team (a) devalued or ignored teachers' input; (b) responded to referrals with limited, vague, or irrelevant interventions; or (c) exhibited little accountability or follow-up after PIT meetings. Teachers either withdrew actually by not referring other students or functionally by failing to engage in active problem solving, clarify recommendations enough to implement them, challenge unacceptable outcomes, or implement some or all of the recommendations. We present a hypothesized model of teacher engagement in the PIT process and discuss implications for practice and research.

Published
2004

35. Inpatient antibiotic prescribing patterns using the World Health Organization (WHO) Access Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification in Okinawa, Japan: A point-prevalence survey

Author

Patel, Payal K., primary, Satoh, Naoyuki, additional, Narita, Masashi, additional, Cho, Yoshiaki, additional, Oshiro, Yusuke, additional, Suzuki, Tomoharu, additional, Fowler, Karen E., additional, Greene, M. Todd, additional, Tokuda, Yasuharu, additional, and Kaye, Keith S., additional

Published
2022
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