Search

La alfabetización mediática e informacional (AMI) no es un asunto exclusivamente académico, puesto que existen, también, iniciativas ciudadanas que convergen con la preocupación por crear ámbitos educativos en y con medios y TIC. El texto aborda la actividad desplegada por ACICOM, Associació Ciutadania i Comunicación, que lleva desde 2009 realizando propuestas vinculadas a la AMI. Palabras clave: ACICOM, comunicación, facultades de comunicación, educomunicación, alfabetización mediática, periodismo.

En educación superior se han implementado sesiones híbridas que pueden permanecer más allá de los tiempos de emergencia docente provocados por la pandemia de COVID-19. Esta modalidad mixta presenta varias incertidumbres entre docentes y estudiantes. Especialmente en el primer caso surgen cuestiones sobre cómo diseñar las secuencias didácticas, qué plataformas utilizar, entre muchas otras. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar las percepciones de docentes y estudiantes con relación a las videoconferencias sincrónicas interactivas, llevadas a cabo por 5 docentes de 3 asignaturas diferentes de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Barcelona. Las herramientas utilizadas son Bb Collaborate para gestionar la videoconferencia y Nearpod para presentar los contenidos y actividades que favorezcan la interacción entre estudiantes y con los contenidos. Se ha realizado un análisis cualitativo de la percepción de los docentes sobre el diseño y desarrollo de las sesiones mediante autoinforme y de una muestra de 82 estudiantes a partir de las analíticas de aprendizaje y de un formulario en línea con preguntas abiertas. Los resultados indican que esta metodología es adecuada con la forma de aprender de los estudiantes, aumentando su participación. Los docentes no aprecian grandes diferencias respecto a la preparación de la secuencia didáctica de clases expositivas, aunque el nivel de competencia digital docente sea un factor clave. Estudiantes y docentes valoran positivamente la información de las analíticas de aprendizaje de la plataforma. Estos resultados positivos pueden alentar a los docentes a usar este tipo de enfoques pedagógicos y herramientas basadas en la interactividad.

espanolSe propone repensar los relatos digitales personales (RDP) con las nuevas formas de comunicacion que aparecen en las redes sociales, asi como analizar el valor central de la imagen en todos ellos. Se proponen 3 objetivos especificos: i) conocer los habitos y practicas de los jovenes con relacion a la publicacion de narrativas digitales (y de otro tipo) en las redes sociales, ii) identificar perfiles y tipos de jovenes publicadores, iii) caracterizar los elementos diferenciales entre los tipos de jovenes publicadores. Para ello, se ha construido una encuesta sobre las formas de publicacion en esas mismas redes. La muestra corresponde a 835 jovenes de entre 12 y 22 anos de paises iberoamericanos (Espana, Chile y Colombia). Los resultados son analizados, obteniendose algunas diferencias por edad, pais y sexo, si bien con dosis importantes de similitud. Emerge una clasificacion de los encuestados que los distribuye segun la frecuencia y el tipo de publicaciones que realizan. Finalmente, se proponen algunas consideraciones sobre como incorporar los resultados de la encuesta en la metodologia formativa de RDP y en el campo educativo. EnglishWe aim to rethink personal digital storytelling in light of new forms of communication that have emerged on social networks, as well as to analyse the core value of image in all of them. Three specific objectives are proposed: i) to know the habits and practices of young people in relation to the publication of digital (and other) narratives in social networks, ii) to identify profiles and types of young publishers, iii) to characterize the differentiating elements between the types of young publishers. For this purpose, we have designed a questionnaire on young people’s social network posting practices. The sample corresponds to 835 young people between 12 and 22 years old from Ibero-American countries (Spain, Chile and Colombia). Our analysis of the results of the questionnaire shows certain differences according to age, country and gender, along with several significant similarities. The respondents have been classified according to posting frequency and type of posts. Last of all, we make some considerations on how to incorporate the results of the questionnaire in the training methodology of personal digital storytelling

Most young people spend time online every day in order to access social networks, where not only do they consume, but also produce content. The posting of content ends up reflecting a personal story in which young people recognize themselves. This posting practice requires competences that can be developed in digital literacy-related educational activities. Our research is aimed at understanding the posting habits of young people with the goal of integrating these practices in formal educational contexts. For this purpose, we have qualitatively analyzed the interviews of 21 young people. The results show different posting habits, as well as the motivating factors, perceptions and types of content posted by young people on social networks. An interpretative analysis of the results shows the possibilities of working on the storytelling experiences of young people on social networks from the perspective of the Personal Digital Storytelling educational methodology. La mayoría de los jóvenes pasan tiempo online todos los días para acceder a las redes sociales, en las que no sólo consumen contenido, sino que también lo producen. La publicación de contenido acaba reflejando una historia personal en la que los jóvenes se reconocen a sí mismos. Esta práctica de publicación requiere competencias que pueden desarrollarse en actividades educativas relacionadas con la alfabetización digital. Nuestra investigación tiene como objetivo entender los hábitos de publicación de los jóvenes con el fin de integrar dichas prácticas en contextos educativos formales. Para lograrlo, hemos realizado un análisis cualitativo de entrevistas con 21 jóvenes. Los resultados muestran distintos hábitos de publicación, así como los factores motivadores, las percepciones y los tipos de contenido publicados por los jóvenes en las redes sociales. Un análisis interpretativo de los resultados muestra las posibilidades de trabajar en las experiencias narrativas (de “storytelling”) de la gente joven en las redes sociales desde la perspectiva de la metodología educativa del Personal Digital Storytelling [Narrativa Digital Personal]. Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain & European Regional Development Fund (Award:EDU2016-76726-P).

Título, resumen y palabras clave en español e inglés Resumen basado en el de la publicación Se propone repensar los relatos digitales personales (RDP) con las nuevas formas de comunicación que aparecen en las redes sociales, así como analizar el valor central de la imagen en todos ellos. Se proponen 3 objetivos específicos: i) conocer los hábitos y prácticas de los jóvenes con relación a la publicación de narrativas digitales (y de otro tipo) en las redes sociales, ii) identificar perfiles y tipos de jóvenes publicadores, iii) caracterizar los elementos diferenciales entre los tipos de jóvenes publicadores. Para ello, se ha construido una encuesta sobre las formas de publicación en esas mismas redes. La muestra corresponde a 835 jóvenes de entre 12 y 22 años de países iberoamericanos (España, Chile y Colombia). Los resultados son analizados, obteniéndose algunas diferencias por edad, país y sexo, si bien con dosis importantes de similitud. Emerge una clasificación de los encuestados que los distribuye según la frecuencia y el tipo de publicaciones que realizan. Finalmente, se proponen algunas consideraciones sobre cómo incorporar los resultados de la encuesta en la metodología formativa de RDP y en el campo educativo. ESP

En aquest treball practic es proposa el fenomen de la caiguda d’un imant de neodimi per un tub metal·lic vertical (no ferromagnetic).Tambe es proposa investigar com afecta el gruix del tub al temps de caiguda de l’imant; per a aixo fem servir un rotlle de paper d’alumini. Per mesurar el temps de caiguda podem fer servir sensors Hall i l’oscil·loscopi o be un cronometre.

New polymeric biomaterials and nanomedicines targeting cancer cells are highly required because of their potential clinical applications. Gene therapy enjoys high popularity as advanced therapy due to its high specificity; however, clinical translation is scarce because the lack of efficient and safe delivery methods. Here we address the design and development of a new nanosized targeting system consisting on Cetuximab-conjugated micelles (PM) of Pluronic® F127 (F127) and Gelatin for efficient delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) into epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpressing breast cancer cells. Chemical modification by carboxylation of F127 is required prior to conjugation with Cetuximab and PM development. PM presenting appropriate physicochemical features (

Resumen Mas de 30 anos despues de su descubrimiento, la infeccion por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) sigue siendo la causa mas frecuente de enfermedades gastricas y duodenales. H. pylori es la causa principal de la gastritis cronica, la ulcera peptica, el linfoma MALT gastrico y el adenocarcinoma gastrico. Recientemente se han publicado varios consensos sobre el manejo de la infeccion por H. pylori. Las lineas generales del consenso espanol, del de Toronto y el Maastricht V del 2016 son similares, pero las recomendaciones concretas pueden variar notablemente. Ademas, las recomendaciones de alguno de estos consensos resultan francamente complejas. El presente documento de posicionamiento de la Societat Catalana de Digestologia es una actualizacion de las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia sobre el manejo y tratamiento de la infeccion por H. pylori. Este documento pretende revisar esta informacion para hacer unas recomendaciones para la practica clinica habitual sencillas, concretas y que sean de facil aplicacion en nuestro medio.

Background: Onset during old age has been reported in upto 10% of total cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim: To evaluate phenotypic characteristics and the use of therapeutic resources in patients with elderly onset IBD. Methods: Case-control study including all those patients diagnosed with IBD over the age of 60 years since 2000 who were followed-up for >12 months, identified from the IBD databases. Elderly onset cases were compared with IBD patients aged 18 to 40 years at diagnosis, matched by year of diagnosis, gender and type of IBD (adult-onset). Results: One thousand three hundred and seventy-four elderly onset and 1374 adult-onset cases were included (62% ulcerative colitis (UC), 38% Crohn's disease (CD)). Among UC patients, elderly onset cases had a lower proportion of extensive disease (33% vs 39%; P < 0.0001). In CD, elderly onset cases showed an increased rate of stenosing pattern (24% vs 13%; P < 0.0001) and exclusive colonic location (28% vs 16%; P < 0.0001), whereas penetrating pattern (12% vs 19%; P < 0.0001) was significantly less frequent. Regarding the use of therapeutic resources, there was a significantly lower use of corticosteroids (P < 0.0001), immunosuppressants (P < 0.0001) and anti-TNFs agents (P < 0.0001) in elderly onset cases. Regarding surgery, we found a significantly higher surgery rate among elderly onset UC cases (8.3% vs 5.1%; P < 0.009). Finally, elderly onset cases were characterised by a higher rate of hospitalisations (66% vs 49%; P < 0.0001) and neoplasms (14% vs 0.5%; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Elderly onset IBD shows specific characteristics and they are managed differently, with a lower use of immunosuppressants and a higher rate of surgery in UC.

Several cases of eating disorders (EDs) have been reported in patients with celiac disease (CD), suggesting that ED could be a comorbidity associated with CD. Few epidemiological studies have, however, assessed this potential association. We aimed to evaluate the risk of EDs in individuals diagnosed with CD in comparison to healthy controls.A total of 98 cases and 98 controls matched for sex, age, and body mass index between 10 and 23 years old were studied. A questionnaire was completed on medical history and sociodemographic as well as anthropometric characteristics. Various ED screening self-reported tests were administered.A total of 61.2% of the study population were girls with a mean age of 15.3 ± 3.7 years old. Patients with CD scored nonsignificantly higher on all the ED screening tests than control participants. No differences were observed between study groups in terms of the frequency of individuals who exceeded the clinical cutoff identifying those at risk of ED. Patients with CD above 13 years old were associated with a 2.15-point increase in the Eating Attitude Test score compared with controls [β-coefficient = 2.15 SE 1.04; P = 0.04] after adjusting for various confounders.Although being a patient with CD was associated with a significantly higher Eating Attitude Test score in individuals older than 13 years old, no clear differences were observed between individuals with CD and controls in terms of risk of ED when other screening tests were used. More studies with larger samples and prospective designs are warranted to confirm these findings.

espanolIntroduccion: hasta la fecha, una dieta sin gluten (SG) es el unico tratamiento para las personas con enfermedad celiaca. Tanto las evaluaciones de ingesta de alimentos individuales como las colectivas son un desafio debido a la falta de una base de datos de composicion de productos SG (PSG). Objetivos: describir el proceso de desarrollo de una base de datos de composicion de PSG y comparar el perfil nutricional y el precio de algunos PSG y productos con gluten. Metodos: inicialmente, se registraron un total de 216 marcas de PSG comercializadas en Espana. La informacion nutricional se recopilo de las etiquetas nutricionales y hojas informativas de los productos, que habian sido proporcionadas por las companias de alimentos o recopiladas de primera mano por los investigadores. Luego, se compararon el perfil nutricional y el precio de los grupos de cereales y subproductos alimenticios, incluidos 19 tipos de productos. Los analisis estadisticos se realizaron utilizando el programa estadistico SPSS (edicion 22.0; SPSS, Chicago, IL, EUA). Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 2247 PSG de 126 marcas de alimentos diferentes en la base de datos de composicion de PSG (CELIAC-BASE). Clasificamos estos productos en 14 grupos de alimentos. El contenido de proteinas de los PSG estudiados fue significativamente menor, y el precio de los mismos fue mas alto, que el de sus homologos con gluten. Algunos PSG, pero no todos, presentaron un mayor contenido de grasa y azucar, y un menor contenido de fibra dietetica, que sus homologos con gluten. Algunos PSG eran hasta 6 veces mas caros que sus homologos con gluten. Conclusiones: CELIAC-BASE es una herramienta pionera para dietistas-nutricionistas. Muchos PSG tienen perfiles nutricionales no saludables y deben consumirse solo ocasionalmente en una dieta equilibrada libre de gluten. EnglishBackground: to date, gluten-free (GF) diet is the only treatment available for individuals with celiac disease. Both individual and collective food intake assessments are a challenge because a food composition database of GF products (GFPs) is lacking. Objectives: to describe the process of developing a food composition database of GFPs, and to compare the nutritional profile and price of some GFPs and non-GFPs. Methods: initially, a total of 216 brands of GFPs marketed in Spain were recorded. Nutritional information was collected from nutritional labels and product fact sheets that had been provided by food companies or collected first-hand by researchers. Then, the nutritional profile and price of the cereal and cereal byproducts foodstuff groups, including 19 types of products, were compared. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical program (22.0 edition; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: a total of 2,247 GFPs from 126 different foodstuff brands were included in the food composition database of GFPs (CELIAC-BASE). We classified these products into 14 foodstuff groups. The protein content of the GFPs studied was significantly lower, and the price was higher, than that of their non-GFP counterparts. Some, but not all, GFPs had a higher content of fat and sugar, and a lower content of dietary fiber as compared to their non-GFP counterparts. Some GFPs were up to 6 times more expensive than the corresponding non-GFPs. Conclusions: CELIAC-BASE is a pioneering tool for dietitians. Many GFPs have poor nutritional profiles and should be consumed only occasionally in a balanced GF diet.

Se propone repensar los relatos digitales personales (RDP) con las nuevas formas de comunicación, basadas en los contenidos que aparecen en las redes sociales, así como el valor central de la imagen en todos ellos. En primer lugar se ha intentado mapear las principales funciones de los RDP en el Plan Curricular de la Educación Secundaria, de 11 a 16 años, y algunas de las competencias asociadas. En segundo lugar se ha construido una encuesta sobre las formas de publicación en esas mismas redes. Los resultados son analizados, obteniéndose algunas diferencias por edad, país y sexo, si bien con grandes dosis de similitud. Finalmente, se propone algunas sugerencias didácticas sobre cómo incorporar los resultados de la encuesta.

HIV infection has transformed from a deadly disease into a chronic infection with low mortality. Using descriptive phenomenology, this study was designed to describe the lived experience of aging among persons living with HIV in Spain. Twenty-four participants ages 50 years or older were interviewed. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Aging with HIV made participants aware of the process of growing old, a stage of life they never expected to reach. They acknowledged the physical changes their bodies were undergoing, mostly due to the HIV and as a consequence of antiretroviral therapy. Most participants had financial problems and felt lonely. The participants highlighted how others had positively and negatively influenced their lives and, finally, how they learned to cope and then to accept living with HIV infection, be ready to help peers, and fight against discrimination. More research is needed to reduce loneliness, evaluate the impact of financial problems on health, and identify barriers and facilitators for adaptation, coping, and resilience in persons living with HIV ages 50 years or older.

Background: This paper analyses the development of research competencies in higher education students, particularly with regard to the undergraduate Final-Year Project (FYP). The FYP is understood as an assignment that requires the integration of learning outcomes and demonstration of competencies for the successful completion of the degree. Purpose: Given the key role played by academic supervisors in the FYP, the main objective of this study was to ascertain their perceptions of the way students apply research competencies to their FYP. Sample: Interviews were carried out with a sample comprising 12 academic supervisors at the University of Barcelona (Spain), with at least two years of experience supervising FYPs in the Education Degree programme. Design and method: A qualitative, exploratory and interpretative methodology was employed, using semi-structured interviews, which were guided by a validated script. Once data were transcribed, themes were explored through hermeneutical content analysis. Results: The analysis allowed exploration of themes related to the supervisors? perceptions of: the academic supervisor roles (personal and academic guidance; topic choice; definition, contextualisation and setting research; knowledge integration facilitation), student profiles (autonomy, awareness of competencies), the concept and process of the FYP and a number of specific research competencies (bibliographic research, information recovery and analysis techniques, methodological process organisation and ethical treatment of information). The analysis suggested that supervisors understand the research competencies within a broad frame of their teaching, and even within their personal roles, which range from motivating, raising awareness of what has been learnt during the degree course, explaining specific concepts or processes, right through to the academic supervisors? own learning process. Conclusions: The study offers insights into the academic supervisors? perceptions of the FYP and its relationship with the research competencies. It was evident, for example, that the supervisors? views of the methodological aspect reached far beyond the application of a technique, as they attached importance to the coherence between different elements of the project. It is hoped that the research can help inform practical guidance, with the aim of supporting the development of the competencies.

Background & Aims The guidelines of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition allow for diagnosis of celiac disease without biopsies in children with symptoms and levels of immunoglobulin A against tissue-transglutaminase (TGA-IgA) 10-fold or more the upper limit of normal (ULN), confirmed by detection of endomysium antibodies (EMA) and positivity for HLA-DQ2/DQ8. We performed a large, international prospective study to validate this approach. Methods We collected data from consecutive pediatric patients (18 years or younger) on a gluten-containing diet who tested positive for TGA-IgA from November 2011 through May 2014, seen at 33 pediatric gastroenterology units in 21 countries. Local centers recorded symptoms; measurements of total IgA, TGA, and EMA; and histopathology findings from duodenal biopsies. Children were considered to have malabsorption if they had chronic diarrhea, weight loss (or insufficient gain), growth failure, or anemia. We directly compared central findings from 16 antibody tests (8 for TGA-IgA, 1 for TGA-IgG, 6 for IgG against deamidated gliadin peptides, and 1 for EMA, from 5 different manufacturers), 2 HLA-DQ2/DQ8 tests from 2 manufacturers, and histopathology findings from the reference pathologist. Final diagnoses were based on local and central results. If all local and central results were concordant for celiac disease, cases were classified as proven celiac disease. Patients with only a low level of TGA-IgA (threefold or less the ULN) but no other results indicating celiac disease were classified as no celiac disease. Central histo-morphometry analyses were performed on all other biopsies and cases were carefully reviewed in a blinded manner. Inconclusive cases were regarded as not having celiac disease for calculation of diagnostic accuracy. The primary aim was to determine whether the nonbiopsy approach identifies children with celiac disease with a positive predictive value (PPV) above 99% in clinical practice. Secondary aims included comparing performance of different serological tests and to determine whether the suggested criteria can be simplified. Results Of 803 children recruited for the study, 96 were excluded due to incomplete data, low level of IgA, or poor-quality biopsies. In the remaining 707 children (65.1% girls; median age, 6.2 years), 645 were diagnosed with celiac disease, 46 were found not to have celiac disease, and 16 had inconclusive results. Findings from local laboratories of TGA-IgA 10-fold or more the ULN, a positive result from the test for EMA, and any symptom identified children with celiac disease (n = 399) with a PPV of 99.75 (95% confidence interval [CI], 98.61–99.99); the PPV was 100.00 (95% CI, 98.68–100.00) when only malabsorption symptoms were used instead of any symptom (n = 278). Inclusion of HLA analyses did not increase accuracy. Findings from central laboratories differed greatly for patients with lower levels of antibodies, but when levels of TGA-IgA were 10-fold or more the ULN, PPVs ranged from 99.63 (95% CI, 98.67–99.96) to 100.00 (95% CI, 99.23–100.00). Conclusions Children can be accurately diagnosed with celiac disease without biopsy analysis. Diagnosis based on level of TGA-IgA 10-fold or more the ULN, a positive result from the EMA tests in a second blood sample, and the presence of at least 1 symptom could avoid risks and costs of endoscopy for more than half the children with celiac disease worldwide. HLA analysis is not required for accurate diagnosis. Clinical Trial Registration no: DRKS00003555.

More than 30 years after its discovery, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains the most common cause of gastric and duodenal diseases. H. pylori is the leading cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric MALT lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. Several consensuses have recently been published on the management of H. pylori infection. The general guidelines of the Spanish consensus, the Toronto Consensus and the Maastricht V Consensus of 2016 are similar but concrete recommendations can vary significantly. In addition, the recommendations of some of these consensuses are decidedly complex. This position paper from the Catalan Society of Digestology is an update of evidence-based recommendations on the management and treatment of H. pylori infection. The aim of this document is to review this information in order to make recommendations for routine clinical practice that are simple, specific and easily applied to our setting.

The CALIOPE Air Quality Forecast System (CALIOPE-AQFS) represents the current state of the art in air quality forecasting systems of high-resolution running on high-performance computing platforms. It provides a 48 h forecast of NO2, O3, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, CO, and C6H6 at a 4 km horizontal resolution over all of Spain, and at a 1 km horizontal resolution over the most populated areas in Spain with complex terrains (the Barcelona (BCN), Madrid (MAD) and Andalusia (AND) domains). Increased horizontal resolution from 4 to 1 km over the aforementioned domains leads to finer textures and more realistic concentration maps, which is justified by the increase in NO2/O3 spatial correlation coefficients from 0.79/0.69 (4 km) to 0.81/0.73 (1 km). High-resolution emissions using the bottom-up HERMESv2.0 model are essential for improving model performance when increasing resolution on an urban scale, but it is still insufficient. Decreasing grid spacing does not reveal the expected improvement in hourly statistics, i.e., decreasing NO2 bias by only ~ 2 μg m−3 and increasing O3 bias by ~ 1 μg m−3. The grid effect is less pronounced for PM10, because part of its mass consists of secondary aerosols, which are less affected than the locally emitted primary components by a decreasing grid size. The resolution increase has the highest impact over Barcelona, where air flow is controlled mainly by mesoscale phenomena and a lower planetary boundary layer (PBL). Despite the merits and potential uses of the 1-km simulation, the limitations of current model formulations do not allow confirmation of their expected superiority close to highly urbanized areas and large emissions sources. Future work should combine high grid resolutions with techniques that decrease subgrid variability (e.g., stochastic field methods), and also include models that consider urban morphology and thermal parameters.

The study analyzes the improvement in generic competences through e-portfolio/PLE platform and didactic planning. The new version of the platform, Digital Folder, contains utilities for students and teachers and some PLE components that help the learning process through e-portfolios. Didactic planning is compared for students from the University of Vic and the University of Barcelona, with a total of 61 participants. A questionnaire has been applied for measuring the use of functions and how much these functions aid in the improvement of the generic competences (reflection, planning and selection of information). The results confirm that the most helpful functions for students are: the Schedule, the Academic tasks, the Teacher’s portfolio and Dialogue with the teacher. However, the implication of these functions in the improvement of the competences depends on didactic planning overall for reflection on learning. El estudio analiza la mejora de las competencias genéricas a través de una plataforma de e-portfolio / PLE y una planificación didáctica. La nueva versión de la Plataforma Carpeta Digital contiene herramientas para estudiantes, profesores y algunos componentes PLE que ayudan al proceso de aprendizaje a través de portfolios electrónicos. Se compara la planificación didáctica con los alumnos de la Universidad de Vic y la Universidad de Barcelona con un total de 61 participantes. Se ha aplicado un cuestionario para medir el uso de las funciones y en qué medida estas funciones ayudan a mejorar las competencias genéricas (reflexión, planificación y selección de la información). Los resultados confirman que las funciones más útiles para los estudiantes son: el horario, las tareas académicas, el portfolio de los maestros y el diálogo con los mismos. Sin embargo, la implicación de estas funciones en la mejora de las competencias depende de la planificación didáctica, en general para la reflexión del aprendizaje. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Government of Spain)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License.-- et al., [Objectives]: Treatment for celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Patients should be followed-up with dietary interviews and serology as CD markers to ensure adherence to the diet. However, none of these methods offer an accurate measure of dietary compliance. Our aim was to evaluate the measurement of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in stools as a marker of GFD adherence in CD patients and compare it with traditional methods of GFD monitoring. [Methods]: We performed a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter study including 188 CD patients on GFD and 84 healthy controls. Subjects were given a dietary questionnaire and fecal GIP quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serological anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) IgA and anti-deamidated gliadin peptide (anti-DGP) IgA antibodies were measured simultaneously. [Results]: Of the 188 celiac patients, 56 (29.8%) had detectable GIP levels in stools. There was significant association between age and GIP in stools that revealed increasing dietary transgressions with advancing age (39.2% in subjects ≥13 years old) and with gender in certain age groups (60% in men ≥13 years old). No association was found between fecal GIP and dietary questionnaire or anti-tTG antibodies. However, association was detected between GIP and anti-DGP antibodies, although 46 of the 53 GIP stool-positive patients were negative for anti-DGP. [Conclusions]: Detection of gluten peptides in stools reveals limitations of traditional methods for monitoring GFD in celiac patients. The GIP ELISA enables direct and quantitative assessment of gluten exposure early after ingestion and could aid in the diagnosis and clinical management of nonresponsive CD and refractory CD. Trial registration number NCT02711397., This work was supported by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and FEDER funds (DELIAC, IPT-2011-0952-900000), and Corporación Tecnológica de Andalucía (SINGLUCHECK, 1737/0118).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the dietary pattern between subjects with celiac disease (CD) (cases) and subjects without (healthy controls) CD. METHODS: A case-control design study was conducted. A total of 98 subjects with CD (age 10-23 years) were matched by age, sex, and body mass index with 98 nonceliac participants. A nonconsecutive 3-day food record was completed to assess energy, nutrient, and food intake and evaluate the participant's adherence to recommendations. Differences in energy, nutrients, food consumption, and compliance with general recommendations between cases and control groups were assessed by Student t test. Pearson chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Sociodemographic, personal, and family history data were collected. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the cases with CD reported a significantly higher consumption of added sugar (P

The guidelines of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) imply the rethinking of many of the current evaluation systems, since the new pedagogical models now focus on the learning acquired through the students' personal work and on the establishment of the ideal conditions for them to achieve the learning outcomes of the proposed educational objectives. In this context, it has been a standard practice in the last years for social science undegradutate programmes to incorporate at least one major assessment exercise in the final (fourth) year of studies in the form of a project. This Final Year Project introduces a new problem-solving situation in undergraduate programmes and students must use their initiative to identify the research problems, decide on the information they need and how to obtain it, use the collected information to solve the research problems and present the results in an adequate way. This article presents an efficient and objective guide for the assessment process of the Final Year Project (FYP) in social sciences which can easily be customised for different social sciences curricula. More analytically, the guide which has been developed to help higher education institutions create their own FYP assessment systems starts with the definition of the final year project and the description of the structure that has to be followed for its realisation, continues with the analysis of its competences and their assessment, and ends with a proposal for implementation of the assessment procedure and the role of the evaluation agents.

This paper presents the fundamental characteristics of the Final Year Project (FYP), its associated competences and some evaluation standards that derived from a research conducted by the regional government of Catalonia (Spain) and the Catalan University Quality Assurance Agency. More analytically, the paper begins with the definition of the Final Year Project in social sciences, continues with the identification and analysis of its associated competences and the basic phases for its realization and finishes with the presentation of some fundamental evaluation standards. Our final proposal is considered as objective and effective not only for the realization of the FYP by the students, but also for its evaluation by the instructors, since it can easily be customized for different social sciences curricula.

Objetivo: Determinar el estado ponderal y los habitos alimentarios y de actividad fisica de escolares de primer curso de primaria de la ciudad de Granollers.Diseno y poblacion de estudio: Estudio transversal de los ninos censados en todas las escuelas de la ciudad de Granollers, nacidos en el ano 2000. En septiembre-octubre de 2006 se determino el peso y la talla de cada nino, las familias respondieron una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y de actividad fisica y el test rapido Krece Plus. Para definir el sobrepeso y la obesidad se utilizaron los puntos de corte de indice de masa corporal propuestos por la International Obesity Task Force. Resultados: Se estudio a 566 escolares. La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue del 19,6% y la de obesidad, del 8,5%. Solo el 3,9% de los escolares tomaban un desayuno adecuado y el 17,1% comian 5 raciones de fruta y verduras al dia. A escala familiar, destaca el bajo consumo de frutas (22%), verduras (37%), pan/pasta alimenticia/arroz/cereales (14%), pescado (32%), legumbres (13%) y frutos secos (9%). Los alumnos que almorzaban en la escuela tomaban mas fruta (el 38 frente al 29%), verdura (el 35 frente al 25%) y pescado (el 82 frente al 73%). El 82% de los ninos realizaban actividad fisica de manera regular.Conclusiones: Uno de cada 4 escolares de primero de primaria presenta ya problemas de peso. Los ninos que almuerzan en la escuela tienen mejores habitos alimentarios. Los habitos inadecuados de la familia pueden condicionar los habitos del escolar.

ResumenFundamento La “Carta de Drets i Deures dels ciutadans en relacio amb la salut i l’atencio sanitaria” de 2002 recoge en Cataluna los derechos de los usuarios de servicios sanitarios. Existe escasa informacion sobre el conocimiento y la percepcion de cumplimiento de los derechos de la Carta entre los profesionales de los hospitales. Objetivos El presente estudio pretende objetivar el grado de conocimiento y percepcion de cumplimiento de estos derechos entre los profesionales hospitalarios. Material y metodo Se realizo un estudio multicentrico en una muestra de profesionales (n = 963) representativa de 10 hospitales pertenecientes a la Red Hospitalaria de Utilizacion Publica de Cataluna. Los profesionales respondieron un cuestionario estructurado con items sobre caracteristicas sociodemograficas, profesionales, conocimiento de los derechos y percepcion de su cumplimiento, acciones de difusion de estos realizadas en el centro y metodos de difusion preferidos. Se calcularon las frecuencias de respuesta para cada item. Se analizaron las diferencias en conocimiento y percepcion de cumplimiento por diversas caracteristicas individuales de los que respondieron mediante la prueba de la χ2 y la estimacion de las razones de frecuencias frente a una categoria de referencia, con sus intervalos de confianza del 95%. Resultados Respondieron 693 (72%) profesionales, el 76,7% manifesto conocer los derechos, y el 59,1% considero que son respetados. Los profesionales no asistenciales y los de servicios generales manifestaron un menor conocimiento. La percepcion respecto a su cumplimiento era mas critica entre mujeres, diplomados asistenciales y trabajadores del turno de noche, mientras que los profesionales mas jovenes y los licenciados tenian una percepcion mas optimista. Los derechos menos conocidos (por debajo del 50%) fueron los relacionados con la constitucion genetica de la persona, y los considerados menos respetados (por debajo del 50%), los relacionados con prevencion de la enfermedad, promocion y proteccion de la salud, investigacion y experimentacion y la constitucion genetica de la persona. El grado de conocimiento resulto mas elevado en los profesionales asistenciales que en los no asistenciales para los 10 grupos de derechos. Los profesionales no asistenciales manifestaron una percepcion de menor cumplimiento que los asistenciales para los derechos relacionados con la constitucion genetica de la persona y con la investigacion y la experimentacion cientificas (p

This article presents a study with a twofold research aim: (a) to ascertain university students’ perceptions on two combined assessment tools (e-portfolios and formative rubrics) and (b) to identify if among students there were differing perceptions on the use of e-portfolios, and what factors favored acceptance of these. The data gathering method was a questionnaire administered to 247 students on the Education Degree at the University of Barcelona. Regarding our first aim, it was confirmed that although the portfolio and rubrics were used in combination, students viewed each of them independently. Regarding the second aim, we identified four groups and a range of factors that may explain the varying perceptions of the portfolios and rubrics. Favorable factors were, in first place, greater teacher experience in using the digital portfolios; second, continuous technical support for their use; third, their having greater weight in assessment; and fourth, smaller class sizes.

Fundamento y objetivo Valorar la aplicabilidad de una unidad de diagnostico rapido (UDR) dirigida al estudio ambulatorio de pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad grave Pacientes y metodo Se analiza de forma prospectiva a los pacientes atendidos en una UDR durante 5 anos (1997–2001) y se compara a los pacientes con cancer de pulmon y los de cancer de colon atendidos en la UDR y hospitalizados Resultados Los principales motivos de consulta fueron dolor abdominal, sintomas constitucionales y neurologicos, anemia y tumoraciones palpables. Las enfermedades digestivas y neoplasicas fueron las mas frecuentes. El intervalo medio (desviacion estandar) para la primera visita fue de 4,9 (3,4) dias y el de diagnostico, de 5,7 (6,5) dias. Un 95% de los pacientes mostro un elevado grado de satisfaccion con este modelo asistencial. En pacientes con cancer de colon estudiados en la UDR se observo una reduccion del intervalo diagnostico (p = 0,03) respecto a los hospitalizados. El coste economico del estudio diagnostico fue inferior en la UDR Conclusiones La UDR representa una forma asistencial aplicable en nuestro medio que consigue la misma eficacia y una mayor eficiencia que el ingreso hospitalario