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Local teacher recruitment through "grow-your-own" programs is a prominent strategy to address workforce shortages and ensure that incoming teachers resemble, understand, and have strong connections to their communities. We exploit the staggered rollout of the Teacher Academy of Maryland career and technical education certificate program across public high schools, finding that exposed students were more likely to become teachers by 0.6 percentage points (pp), or 47%. Effects are concentrated among White girls (1.4pp/39%) and Black girls (0.7pp/80%). We also identify positive impacts on wages (5% on average/18% for Black girls), countering a prevailing narrative that teaching leaves one worse off financially relative to other labor market opportunities.

Social Robots need to be safe and reliable to share their space with humans. This paper reports on the first results of a research project that aims to create more safe and reliable, intelligent autonomous robots by investigating the implications and interactions between cybersecurity and safety. We propose creating a robotic intrusion prevention system (RIPS) that follows a novel approach to detect and mitigate intrusions in cognitive social robot systems and other cyber-physical systems. The RIPS detects threats at the robotic communication level and enables mitigation of the cyber-physical threats by using System Modes to define what part of the robotic system reduces or limits its functionality while the system is compromised. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by applying it to a cognitive architecture running in a real social robot that preserves the privacy and safety of humans while facing several cyber attack situations.

State-of-the-art deep learning entity linking methods rely on extensive human-labelled data, which is costly to acquire. Current datasets are limited in size, leading to inadequate coverage of biomedical concepts and diminished performance when applied to new data. In this work, we propose to automatically generate data to create large-scale training datasets, which allows the exploration of approaches originally developed for the task of extreme multi-label ranking in the biomedical entity linking task. We propose the hybrid X-Linker pipeline that includes different modules to link disease and chemical entity mentions to concepts in the MEDIC and the CTD-Chemical vocabularies, respectively. X-Linker was evaluated on several biomedical datasets: BC5CDR-Disease, BioRED-Disease, NCBI-Disease, BC5CDR-Chemical, BioRED-Chemical, and NLM-Chem, achieving top-1 accuracies of 0.8307, 0.7969, 0.8271, 0.9511, 0.9248, and 0.7895, respectively. X-Linker demonstrated superior performance in three datasets: BC5CDR-Disease, NCBI-Disease, and BioRED-Chemical. In contrast, SapBERT outperformed X-Linker in the remaining three datasets. Both models rely only on the mention string for their operations. The source code of X-Linker and its associated data are publicly available for performing biomedical entity linking without requiring pre-labelled entities with identifiers from specific knowledge organization systems., Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible

This brief outlines how the Stanislaus County Office of Education (SCOE) supports the educational and mental health needs of 25 school districts in the county. SCOE partnered with three school districts--Hughson Unified, Patterson, and Turlock--to enhance their school-based mental health programs for approximately 22,000 students. The brief highlights various initiatives undertaken by SCOE through Project Cal-Well, including: (1) mental health training for staff and students; (2) the creation of wellness spaces based on student input; (3) the implementation of universal mental health screening systems across districts using tools like the Covitality screening tool; and (4) the expansion of National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) On Campus Clubs to promote advocacy and awareness campaigns related to mental health. Additionally, the brief mentions efforts made toward increasing availability and access to school-based mental health services through referral pathways and building partnerships with community organizations, such as Sandy Hook Promise's Start With Hello program at Turlock USD. Overall, SCOE aims to sustain these initiatives beyond the initial funding period through strategic alignment with existing programs focused on children's behavioral health care.

This brief details the significant strides made by the Paradise Unified School District (PUSD) in establishing robust school mental health systems to facilitate healing and recovery. PUSD, which serves the rural communities of Paradise, Magalia, and Stirling City--areas deeply affected by the 2018 Camp Fire--has launched several key initiatives through Project Cal-Well. These initiatives focus on creating supportive school climates, expanding access to mental health services, and fostering partnerships to enhance overall well-being. The brief underscores PUSD's notable achievements in reducing feelings of chronic sadness and hopelessness among its students and in lowering suicide rates. These positive outcomes underscore the district's commitment to the long-term maintenance and improvement of mental health supports. With the aid of grants and the creation of resource centers on each school campus, PUSD is determined to ensure the continuity and growth of these vital programs, demonstrating a sustainable model for fostering student mental health and resilience.

Project Cal-Well is a cross-agency mental health initiative led by the California Department of Education focused on building capacity for sustainable school-based mental health systems in local educational agencies (LEAs) throughout California. As part of a series highlighting the work of Project Cal-Well partners in Cohort 2 (2019-2024), this brief summarizes how Northern Humboldt Union High School District leveraged Project Cal-Well funding to shift to a Multi-Tiered System of Support approach to implement a sustainable school mental health system, strengthen connections with community partners, and empower staff to take a proactive approach to supporting students' mental health.

This overview highlights Del Norte Unified School District's (DNUSD) approach to enhancing student mental health services via Project Cal-Well. DNUSD is committed to fostering positive school environments and has expanded its Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) Committee to further this goal. The district has launched various mental health awareness campaigns and employs data-driven methods to refine its decision-making processes. A significant achievement is the establishment of a closed-loop referral system, which ensures that students with unmet mental health needs are able to efficiently access school-based wellness centers. Moreover, DNUSD strategically utilizes funding to bolster support for young people facing significant mental health challenges. These efforts continue to grow, reaching beyond the scope of Project Cal-Well, as the district strives to sustainably improve student well-being within its schools and the broader community.

The California Department of Education's Project Cal-Well aims to promote awareness of student mental health and improve access to mental health services for youth, families, and school communities. This brief introduces a series of Project Cal-Well Legacy Briefs that highlight successes achieved by Project Cal-Well partners. WestEd developed the briefs in collaboration with project partners and program evaluators at the University of California, San Francisco.

This brief focuses on the Sacramento County Office of Education (SCOE) and its efforts to transform schools into centers of wellness. SCOE serves 13 school districts with nearly 250,000 students, prioritizing mental health professionals in every school and creating systems for all adults to contribute to supporting a school-community continuum of care. The document highlights various initiatives undertaken by SCOE through Project Cal-Well, including centralizing mental health services, building a mental health career pathway, expanding social-emotional learning (SEL), refining coordination of services teams (COST), developing collaborations and partnerships, sustaining the work through funding strategies, and actively sharing its successful practices statewide.

Real-time visual feedback from catheterization analysis is crucial for enhancing surgical safety and efficiency during endovascular interventions. However, existing datasets are often limited to specific tasks, small scale, and lack the comprehensive annotations necessary for broader endovascular intervention understanding. To tackle these limitations, we introduce CathAction, a large-scale dataset for catheterization understanding. Our CathAction dataset encompasses approximately 500,000 annotated frames for catheterization action understanding and collision detection, and 25,000 ground truth masks for catheter and guidewire segmentation. For each task, we benchmark recent related works in the field. We further discuss the challenges of endovascular intentions compared to traditional computer vision tasks and point out open research questions. We hope that CathAction will facilitate the development of endovascular intervention understanding methods that can be applied to real-world applications. The dataset is available at https://airvlab.github.io/cathdata/., Comment: 10 pages. Webpage: https://airvlab.github.io/cathdata/

This work provides a complete rheological characterization of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) inks in the presence of electric fields. Several concentrations of MoS2 are studied and dispersed in a viscoelastic fluid. The lubrication effects are present in the ink when the MoS2 concentration is higher than 0.10% w/w. The dielectric properties show the impossibility of a positive electrorheological effect for all MoS2-inks studied. The formation of vortices and electromigration of MoS2 particles occur under the influence of an external electric field. These two phenomena affect the rheological behavior of MoS2-inks under shear flow condition. Relatively to the extensional rheology experiments, the particle migration and the vortex formation promote anisotropy on the rheological properties of the inks which affects the relaxation time, the formation of beads-on-a-string and the uniaxial elongational flow condition is no longer valid. When the electric field strength is 1.5 kV/mm, the formation of Taylor's cone is observed and independent of MoS2 concentration.

The challenge of imaging low-density objects in an electron microscope without causing beam damage is significant in modern TEM. This is especially challenging for life science imaging, where the sample, rather than the instrument, still determines the resolution limit. Here, we explore whether we have to accept this or can progress further in this area. To do this, we use numerical simulations to see how much information we can obtain from a weak phase object at different electron doses. Starting from a model with four phase values, we compare Zernike phase contrast with measuring diffracted intensity under multiple random phase illuminations to solve the inverse problem. Our simulations have shown that diffraction-based methods perform better than the Zernike method, as we have found and addressed a normalization issue that, in some other studies, led to an overly optimistic representation of the Zernike setup. We further validated this using more realistic 2D objects and found that random phase illuminated diffraction can be up to five times more efficient than an ideal Zernike implementation. These findings suggest that diffraction-based methods could be a promising approach for imaging beam-sensitive materials and that current low-dose imaging methods are not yet at the quantum limit., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures

We explore correlations between the orientations of small galaxy groups, or "multiplets", and the large-scale gravitational tidal field. Using data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Y1 survey, we detect the intrinsic alignment (IA) of multiplets to the galaxy-traced matter field out to separations of 100 Mpc/h. Unlike traditional IA measurements of individual galaxies, this estimator is not limited by imaging of galaxy shapes and allows for direct IA detection beyond redshift z = 1. Multiplet alignment is a form of higher-order clustering, for which the scale-dependence traces the underlying tidal field and amplitude is a result of small-scale (< 1 Mpc/h) dynamics. Within samples of bright galaxies (BGS), luminous red galaxies (LRG) and emission-line galaxies (ELG), we find similar scale-dependence regardless of intrinsic luminosity or colour. This is promising for measuring tidal alignment in galaxy samples that typically display no intrinsic alignment. DESI's LRG mock galaxy catalogues created from the AbacusSummit N-body simulations produce a similar alignment signal, though with a 33% lower amplitude at all scales. An analytic model using a non-linear power spectrum (NLA) only matches the signal down to 20 Mpc/h. Our detection demonstrates that galaxy clustering in the non-linear regime of structure formation preserves an interpretable memory of the large-scale tidal field. Multiplet alignment complements traditional two-point measurements by retaining directional information imprinted by tidal forces, and contains additional line-of-sight information compared to weak lensing. This is a more effective estimator than the alignment of individual galaxies in dense, blue, or faint galaxy samples., Comment: For an accessible summary of this paper, see https://cmlamman.github.io/doc/multipletIA_summary.pdf

Asymmetric transmission of waves has received considerable attention in the last few decades, inspired by numerous applications in the domains of optics and wave communications. A possible way to achieve such asymmetry in wave propagation is through the violation of reciprocity. We explore asymmetric propagation in an acoustic diode (AD) made of two segments of equal sphere sizes but different elastic properties, in which both chains obey Hertzian's contact law. In the forward configuration, the first chain acts as the nonlinear medium, ensuring the suitable generation of a self-demodulated signal, while the second chain, made of soft spheres, provides the low-pass filter. It is shown that both large nonlinearity and low dispersion cause the smallest distortion of the wave envelope, therefore optimizing the transmission of information through the system.

In this paper, we address high-dimensional parametric estimation of the drift function in diffusion models, specifically focusing on a $d$-dimensional ergodic diffusion process observed at discrete time points. Assuming sparsity of the parameter vector, we examine the statistical behavior of the Lasso estimator for the unknown parameter. Our primary contribution is the proof of an oracle inequality for the Lasso estimator, which holds on the intersection of three specific sets defined for our analysis. We carefully control the probability of these sets, tackling the central challenge of our study. This approach allows us to derive error bounds for the $l_1$ and $l_2$ norms, assessing the performance of the proposed Lasso estimator. Our results demonstrate that, under certain conditions, the discretization error becomes negligible, enabling us to achieve the same optimal rate of convergence as if the continuous trajectory of the process were observed. We validate our theoretical findings through numerical experiments, which show that the Lasso estimator significantly outperforms the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in terms of support recovery.

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) aims to monitor in real time the health state of engineering structures. For thin structures, Lamb Waves (LW) are very efficient for SHM purposes. A bonded piezoelectric transducer (PZT) emits LW in the structure in the form of a short tone burst. This initial wave packet (IWP) propagates in the structure and interacts with its boundaries and discontinuities and with eventual damages generating additional wave packets. The main issues with LW based SHM are that at least two LW modes are simultaneously excited and that those modes are dispersive. Matching Pursuit Method (MPM), which consists of approximating a signal as a sum of different delayed and scaled atoms taken from an a priori known learning dictionary, seems very appealing in such a context, however is limited to nondispersive signals and relies on a priori known dictionary. An improved version of MPM called the Single Atom Convolutional Matching Pursuit method (SACMPM), which addresses the dispersion phenomena by decomposing a measured signal as delayed and dispersed atoms and limits the learning dictionary to only one atom, is proposed here. Its performances are illustrated when dealing with numerical and experimental signals as well as its usage for damage detection. Although the signal approximation method proposed in this paper finds an original application in the context of SHM, this method remains completely general and can be easily applied to any signal processing problem.

When we merge information in Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST), we are faced with anomalous behavior: agents with equal expertise and credibility can have their opinion disregarded after resorting to the belief combination rule of this theory. This problem is interesting because belief fusion is an inherent part of dealing with situations where available information is imprecise, as often occurs in Artificial Intelligence. We managed to identify an isomorphism betwin the DST formal apparatus into that of a Probabilistic Logic. Thus, we solved the problematic inputs affair by replacing the DST combination rule with a new fusion process aiming at eliminating anomalies proposed by that rule. We apply the new fusion method to the DST paradox Problem., Comment: 12 pages

At first light, the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) near-infrared (NIR) instruments will be fed by a multiconjugate adaptive optics instrument known as the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS). NFIRAOS will use six laser guide stars to sense atmospheric turbulence in a volume corresponding to a field of view of 2', but natural guide stars (NGSs) will be required to sense tip/tilt and focus. To achieve high sky coverage (50% at the north Galactic pole), the NFIRAOS client instruments use NIR on-instrument wavefront sensors that take advantage of the sharpening of the stars by NFIRAOS. A catalog of guide stars with NIR magnitudes as faint as 22 mag in the J band (Vega system), covering the TMT-observable sky, will be a critical resource for the efficient operation of NFIRAOS, and no such catalog currently exists. Hence, it is essential to develop such a catalog by computing the expected NIR magnitudes of stellar sources identified in deep optical sky surveys using their optical magnitudes. This paper discusses the generation of a partial NIR Guide Star Catalog (IRGSC), similar to the final IRGSC for TMT operations. The partial catalog is generated by applying stellar atmospheric models to the optical data of stellar sources from the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) optical data and then computing their expected NIR magnitudes. We validated the computed NIR magnitudes of the sources in some fields by using the available NIR data for those fields. We identified the remaining challenges of this approach. We outlined the path for producing the final IRGSC using the Pan-STARRS data. We have named the Python code to generate the IRGSC as irgsctool, which generates a list of NGS for a field using optical data from the Pan-STARRS 3pi survey and also a list of NGSs having observed NIR data from the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey if they are available.

We present a field-level emulator for large-scale structure, capturing the cosmology dependence and the time evolution of cosmic structure formation. The emulator maps linear displacement fields to their corresponding nonlinear displacements from N-body simulations at specific redshifts. Designed as a neural network, the emulator incorporates style parameters that encode dependencies on $\Omega_{\rm m}$ and the linear growth factor $D(z)$ at redshift $z$. We train our model on the six-dimensional N-body phase space, predicting particle velocities as the time derivative of the model's displacement outputs. This innovation results in significant improvements in training efficiency and model accuracy. Tested on diverse cosmologies and redshifts not seen during training, the emulator achieves percent-level accuracy on scales of $k\sim~1~{\rm Mpc}^{-1}~h$ at $z=0$, with improved performance at higher redshifts. We compare predicted structure formation histories with N-body simulations via merger trees, finding consistent merger event sequences and statistical properties.

We study the wave form emitted by a particle moving along an arbitrary (in general open) geodesic of the Schwarzschild geometry. The mathematical problem can be phrased in terms of quantities in ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories that can be calculated by using localization and the AGT correspondence. In particular through this mapping, the post-Newtonian expansion of the wave form is expressed as a double instanton sum with rational coefficients that resums all tail contributions into Gamma functions and exponentials. The formulae we obtain are valid for generic values of the orbital quantum numbers $\ell$ and $m$. For $\ell=2,3$ we check explicitly that our results agree with the small mass ratio limit of the wave forms derived in the Multipole Post-Minkowskian and the amplitudes approaches. We show how the so-called tail and tail of tail contributions to the wave form arise in our approach. Finally, we derive a universal formula for the soft limit of the wave form that resums all logarithmic divergent terms of the form $\omega^{n-1} (\log \omega)^n$., Comment: 29 pages

The electronic band structure of monolayer phosphorene is thoroughly studied by considering the presence of spin-orbit interaction. We employ a multiorbital Slater-Koster tight-binding approach to derive effective k.p-type Hamiltonians that describes the dominant spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects of the Rashba and intrinsic origin at the high {\Gamma} and S high symmetry points in phosphorene. In the absence of SOC effects a minimal admixture of pz and py atomic orbitals suffices to reproduce the well known anisotropy of highest valence and the lowest conduction bands at the {\Gamma}-point, consistent with density functional theory (DFT) and k.p methods. In contrast, the inclusion of the px and s atomic orbitals are rather crucial for an adequate description of the SOC effects in phosphorene at low energies, particularly at the S-point. We introduce useful analytical expressions for the Rashba and intrinsic SOC parameters in terms of the relevant Slater-Koster integrals. In addition, we report simple formulas for the interband dipole-strenghts, revealing the nature of the strong anisotropic behavior of its lower bands. Our findings can be useful for further studies of electronic and spin transport properties in monolayer phosphorene and its nanoribbons., Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures

The weighted bounded negativity conjecture considers a smooth projective surface $X$ and looks for a common lower bound on the quotients $C^2/(D\cdot C)^2$, where $C$ runs over the integral curves on $X$ and $D$ over the big and nef divisors on $X$ such that $D \cdot C >0$. We focus our study on rational surfaces $Z$. Setting $\pi: Z \rightarrow Z_0$ a composition of blowups giving rise to $Z$, where $Z_0$ is the projective plane or a Hirzebruch surface, we give a common lower bound on $C^2/(H^* \cdot C)^2$ whenever $H^*$ is the pull-back of a nef divisor $H$ on $Z_0$. In addition, we prove that, only in the case when a nef divisor $D$ on $Z$ approaches the boundary of the nef cone, the quotients $C^2/(D\cdot C)^2$ could tend to minus infinity., Comment: Comments are welcome

Humans often work closely together and relay a wealth of information through physical interaction. Robots, on the other hand, have not yet been developed to work similarly closely with humans, and to effectively convey information when engaging in physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). This currently limits the potential of physical human-robot collaboration to solve real-world problems. This paper investigates the question of how to establish clear and intuitive robot-to-human communication, while ensuring human comfort during pHRI. We approach this question from the perspective of a leader-follower scenario, in which a full-body humanoid robot leads a slow waltz dance by signaling the next steps to a human partner. This is achieved through the development of a whole-body control framework combining admittance and impedance control, which allows for different communication modalities including haptic, visual, and audio signals. Participant experiments allowed to validate the performance of the controller, and to understand what types of communication work better in terms of effectiveness and comfort during robot-led pHRI., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures

The existence of superconductivity (SC) in graphene appears to be established in both twisted and non-twisted multilayers. However, whether their building block, single-layer graphene (SLG), can also host SC remains an open question. Earlier theoretical works predicted that SLG could become a chiral d-wave superconductor driven by electronic interactions when doped to its van Hove singularity, but questions such as whether the d-wave SC survives the strong band renormalizations seen in experiments, its robustness against the source of doping, or if it will occur at any reasonable critical temperature (Tc) have remained difficult to answer, in part due to uncertainties in model parameters. In this study, we adopt a random-phase approximation framework based on a Kohn-Luttinger-like mechanism to investigate SC in heavily-doped SLG. We predict that robust d+id topological SC could arise in SLG doped by Tb, with a Tc up to 600 mK. We also investigate the possibility of realizing d-wave SC by employing other dopants, such as Li or Cs. The structural models have been derived from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on Tb-doped graphene and first-principles calculations for Cs and Li doping. We find that dopants that change the lattice symmetry of SLG are detrimental to the d-wave state. The stability of the d-wave SC predicted here in Tb-doped SLG could provide a valuable insight for guiding future experimental efforts aimed at exploring topological superconductivity in monolayer graphene., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures. Comments are very welcome

The decays of the $\chi_{b1}(1P)$, $\chi_{b2}(1P)$, $\chi_{b1}(2P)$ and $\chi_{b2}(2P)$~mesons into the~$\Upsilon(1S)\mu^+\mu^-$ final state are observed with a high significance using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9fb$^{-1}$. The newly observed decays together with the $\Upsilon(2S)\rightarrow \Upsilon(1S)\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\Upsilon(3S)\rightarrow \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ decay modes are used for precision measurements of the mass and mass splittings for the hidden-beauty states., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2024-025.html

The simulation of viscoelastic time-evolution problems described by a large number of internal variables and with a large spectrum of relaxation times requires high computational resources for their resolution. Furthermore, the internal variables evolution is described by a set of linear differential equations which involves many time scales. In this context, the use of a space-time PGD approximation is proposed here to boost their resolution, where the temporal functions are constructed following a multi-scale strategy along with the Partition of Unity method, in order to catch each dynamic efficiently. The feasibility and the robustness of the method are discussed in the case of a polymer in a non-equilibrium state under cyclic loading.

To establish a self-sustained human presence in space and to explore deeper into the solar system, extensive research has been conducted on In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) systems. Past studies have proposed and researched many technologies to produce oxygen from regolith, such as carbothermal reduction and water extraction from icy regolith, to utilize it for astronauts' life support and as the propellant of space systems. However, determining the most promising technology remains challenging due to uncertainties in the lunar environment and processing methods. To better understand the lunar environment and ISRU operations, it is crucial to gather more information. Motivated by this need for information gathering, this paper proposes a new ISRU plant architecture integrating carbothermal reduction of dry regolith and water extraction from icy regolith. Two different hybrid plant architectures integrating both technologies (1) in parallel and (2) in series are examined. The former involves mining and processing in both a Permanently Shadowed Region (PSR) and a peak of eternal light in parallel, while the latter solely mines in a PSR. In this series hybrid architecture, the dry regolith tailings from water extraction are further processed by carbothermal reduction. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the landed mass and required power of each plant architecture utilizing subsystem-level models. Furthermore, based on uncertain parameters such as resource content in regolith, the potential performance range of each plant was discovered through Monte Carlo simulations. The result indicates the benefit of the series hybrid architecture in terms of regolith excavation rate, while its mass cost seems the highest among the studied architectures., Comment: 26 pages, 21 figures, 7 tables, under review by Acta Astronautica

We describe Qonductor, a cloud orchestrator for hybrid quantum-classical applications that run on heterogeneous hybrid resources. Qonductor exposes the $Qonductor~API$, a high-level and hardware-agnostic API for customizable hybrid application development and execution, that abstracts away the complexity of hybrid resource management. To guide hybrid resource management, the $resource~estimator$ accurately estimates execution fidelity and runtime to generate and offer resource plans. The $hybrid~scheduler$ leverages the resource plans to automate job scheduling on hybrid resources and balance the tradeoff between users' objectives of high fidelity and low runtimes and the cloud operator's objective of resource efficiency. We implement an open-source prototype of Qonductor by building on top of Kubernetes and evaluate it using more than 7000 real quantum runs on the IBM quantum cloud to simulate real cloud workloads. Qonductor achieves up to 54\% lower job completion times (JCTs) while sacrificing 6\% fidelity, balances the load across QPU which increases quantum resource utilization by up to 66\%, and scales with increasing system sizes and loads.

The Three-Body Problem has fascinated scientists for centuries and it has been crucial in the design of modern space missions. Recent developments in Generative Artificial Intelligence hold transformative promise for addressing this longstanding problem. This work investigates the use of Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and its internal representation to generate periodic orbits. We utilize a comprehensive dataset of periodic orbits in the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CR3BP) to train deep-learning architectures that capture key orbital characteristics, and we set up physical evaluation metrics for the generated trajectories. Through this investigation, we seek to enhance the understanding of how Generative AI can improve space mission planning and astrodynamics research, leading to novel, data-driven approaches in the field., Comment: SPAICE Conference 2024 (7 pages)

We reconsider linear perturbations around general Friedmann - Lemaitre - Robertson - Walker (FLRW) cosmological backgrounds. Exploiting gauge freedom involving only time reparametrizations, we write down classical background solutions analytically, for an arbitrary number of fluid components. We then show that the time evolution of scalar and tensor adiabatic perturbations are governed by Schr\"odinger-like differential equations of generalized Heun type. After recovering known analytic results for a single-component fluid, we discuss more general situations with two and three different fluid components, with special attention to the combination of radiation, matter and vacuum energy, which is supposed to describe the $\Lambda$CDM model. The evolution of linear perturbations of a flat $\Lambda$CDM universe is described by a two-transient model, where the transitions from radiation to matter and matter to vacuum energy are governed by a Heun equation and a Hypergeometric equation, respectively. We discuss an analytic approach to the study of the general case, involving generalized Heun equations, that makes use of (quantum) Seiberg-Witten curves for ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories and has proven to be very effective in the analysis of Black-Hole, fuzzball and ECO perturbations., Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables

As Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) computing capabilities continue to grow, also does the interest on building scientific accelerators around them. Tools like Xilinx's High-Level Synthesis (HLS) help to bridge the gap between traditional high-level languages such as C and C++, and low-level hardware description languages such as VHDL and Verilog. In this report, we study the implementation of a fluid dynamics application, the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE) calculation, on FPGA using HLS. We provide speed and resource-consumption results for 2- and 3-dimensional cases., Comment: 8 pages, 2 tables

The signature of an unatomic system is revealed by a continuous scale invariance that appears during a progressive dimensional squeezing of a resonantly interacting trimer. The unatomic regime is reached at the dimension $\overline D$, which for three identical atoms is found to be $\overline D=2.292$ - below this value, the trimer wave function at short distances displays a power-law behaviour. The fingerprint of this crossover is a sharp evolution of the contacts that characterizes the trimer momentum distribution tail.

This study aims to share a teaching experience teaching sound design for audiovisual productions and compares different projects tackled by students. It is not intended to be a comparative analysis of different types of teaching but rather an analysis of different problems observed in different profiles of students of the subject who study it in different grades. The world of audio can be very interesting for a large part of the students, both those with creative and technical inclinations. Musical creation and production, synchronization with images, dubbing, etc. They are disciplines that are generally interesting but can have a very high barrier to entry due to their great technical complexity. Sometimes it can take weeks or even months for the uninitiated to begin to use audio editing programs with the necessary ease, which are not always particularly intuitive for students. Learning through the use of PBL methodologies generates, in our experience, results much superior to those that can be observed through the use of other teaching methods such as master classes. Students acquire technical skills while developing creative projects in which they get personally involved. Despite everything mentioned above, most interactions between teachers and students focus on aspects of technical correction. From different parameters in reverbs (such as pre-delay, decay, modulation...) to how to correctly adjust compressors, noise gates, etc.; The number of tools with which to work with audio is incredibly extensive, as well as many of its features that can present serious differences depending on their manufacturers., Comment: 11 pages, in Spanish language. 1 figure. Preprint from La nueva era del podcast (2023)

Recently the termed \emph{multimatrix variate distributions} were proposed in \citet{dgcl:24a} as an alternative for univariate and vector variate copulas. The distributions are based on sample probabilistic dependent elliptically countered models and most of them are also invariant under this family of laws. Despite a large of results on matrix variate distributions since the last 70 years, the spherical multimatrix distributions and the associated probabilities on hyper cones can be computable. The multiple probabilities are set in terms of recurrent integrations allowing several matrix computation a feasible task. An application of the emerging probabilities is placed into a dynamic molecular docking in the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Finally, integration over multimatrix Wishart distribution provides a simplification of a complex kernel integral in elliptical models under real normed division algebras and the solution was applied in elliptical affine shape theory.

We address the question of the reliability of the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation for a mass-imbalanced resonant three-body system embedded in noninteger dimensions. We address this question within the problem of a system of currently experimental interest, namely $^7$Li$-^{87}$Rb$_2$. We compare the Efimov scale parameter as well as the wave functions obtained using the BO approximation with those obtained using the Bethe-Peierls boundary condition.

We revisit the quantum-mechanical two-dimensional harmonic oscillator with an electric field confined to a circular box of impenetrable walls. In order to obtain the energy spectrum we resort to the Rayleigh-Ritz method with polynomial and Gaussian basis sets. We compare present results with those derived recently by other authors. We discuss the limits of large and small box radius and also do some calculations with perturbation theory.

Controlled long-range transport of micro- and nano-scale objects is a key requirement in lab-on-a-chip and microfluidic applications, enabling the efficient capture, concentration, manipulation, and detection of analytes. Traditional methods such as microfluidic pumps and optical trapping face challenges including high power consumption and limited range of action. This study introduces a plasmonic Brownian ratchet designed for the directed transport of dielectric nanometer-sized particles at low optical powers. Through numerical simulations, the ratchet geometry was optimized to enhance electric fields, optical forces, and trapping potentials. Experimentally, the plasmonic ratchet demonstrated the ability to rectify random thermal motion of 40 nm polysterene spheres over extended distances in a specific direction, achieving velocities up to 2.4 $\mu$m/s at excitation powers as low as 0.785 kW/cm^2. This plasmonic ratchet offers a robust and efficient solution for the targeted delivery and concentration of nanoscale analytes on chips, with significant implications for advancing applications in the life sciences., Comment: to be submitted to ACS Nano

We present the identification of changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs) from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument First Data Release and Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16 at z \leq 0.9. To confirm the CL-AGNs, we utilize spectral flux calibration assessment via an [O\,{\sc iii}]-based calibration, pseudo-photometry examination, and visual inspection. This rigorous selection process allows us to compile a statistical catalog of 561 CL-AGNs, encompassing 527 $\rm H\beta$, 149$\rm H\alpha$, and 129 Mg II CL behaviors. In this sample, we find 1) a 283:278 ratio of turn-on to turn-off CL-AGNs. 2) the critical value for CL events is confirmed around Eddington ratio \sim 0.01. 3) a strong correlation between the change in the luminosity of the broad emission lines (BEL) and variation in the continuum luminosity, with Mg II and $\rm H\beta$ displaying similar responses during CL phases. 4) the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich diagram for CL-AGNs shows no statistically difference from the general AGN catalog. 5) five CL-AGNs are associated with asymmetrical mid-infrared flares, possibly linked to tidal disruption events. Given the large CL-AGNs and the stochastic sampling of spectra, we propose that some CL events are inherently due to typical AGN variability during low accretion rates, particularly for CL events of the singular BEL. Finally, we introduce a Peculiar CL phase, characterized by a gradual decline over decades in the light curve and the complete disappearance of entire BEL in faint spectra, indicative of a real transition in the accretion disk., Comment: Submitted to ApJS, comments welcome