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Business leaders play a key role in the implementation of actions leading to the achievement of the 17 SDGs. Likewise, higher education is emerging as the principal factor in developing a sense of moral responsibility amongst university business students, who will eventually become company managers and decision makers. The aim of this research is, thus, twofold. First, to analyse university business students’ perceptions of the role of business in achieving the SDGs; and second, to examine university business students’ perceptions of the relationship between greater commitment to achieving the SDGs and business benefits. The analysis was performed with a sample of 178 business-related university students. Amongst the potential contributions made by this study we can highlight the possibility of understanding future managers’ perceptions of the role of business in achieving the SDGs, as well as the benefits that companies could derive from greater commitment to achieving these SDGs and identifying areas for improvement in university education regarding sustainable development. This work was supported by the University Teaching Research Networks Programme of the Institute of Education Sciences of the University of Alicante under Grant XARXES-I3CE-2020-5041.

Entrepreneurship is a highly dynamic and fast-growing academic research field with a long intellectual tradition. It attracts scholars with different backgrounds and theoretical frameworks, and with different levels of analyses and methodological orientations. But where is the field headed next? What is going on in entrepreneurship research? The purpose of this paper is to take stock of the current research in the field, to map it using bibliometric methods and social network analysis (SNA), and to offer directions for future research. Bibliographic coupling analysis (BCA) is used in this study, due to its ability to unveil current trends and future priorities as they are reflected at the forefront of research (i.e., active research fronts). Data were collected from the WoS, comprising 5,393 peer-reviewed journal articles published in 273 journals and containing 470,262 cited references. The results provide an overall perspective of the research in the field, identifying 16 different research fronts. We believe that this study significantly contributes to the entrepreneurship field by revealing the advancement of the literature and some of the most active research fronts in this domain, providing insights not previously fully grasped or evaluated by previous literature reviews.

The wine sector occupies a prominent place in the Spanish agrifood industry, for both the quality and the variety of its production. Although the protection of geographical designations is at the heart of Spain and European Union wine quality policy, much empirical investigation is still needed to assess the role played by business agglomerations in creating value for the territory through these quality protection systems. The aim of the paper is to identify Spanish wine clusters and characterize them from geographical, historical and economic perspectives. A deep analysis of the six wine clusters identified is carried out given the importance of these competitive environments in terms of degree of productive specialization, employment and Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) at the national level. The results show that while the area of cultivated vineyards, the number of winegrowers and wineries in the six analysed cases have decreased over the last two decades, production, sales volume and especially their economic value have increased considerably. This could explain the orientation towards a differentiation strategy, in recent years, based on the reputation of the collective brand, which is translated into the marketed product.

Knowledge is a basic factor of competitiveness with a firm’s exploration and exploitation capabilities acting as the main antecedents of innovation. However, a firm has two main options to obtain new knowledge: internal generation and external acquisition. This paper analyzes how tourism firms located in tourist districts develop ambidexterity through the combination of co-exploration and co-exploitation. Specifically, we study how the features that characterize a tourist district, such as the level of firm and institutional agglomeration, affect the development of co-exploration and co-exploitation capabilities, taking into account the mediation effect of social capital. The population under study includes all the Spanish hotels located in Spanish coastal towns, making a total sample of 210 establishments. The results confirm that agglomeration has a positive impact on the ambidexterity of Spanish hotels. Moreover, the results show that agglomeration causes an increase of social capital in hotels, and that social capital has a positive impact on ambidexterity. We find that social capital partially mediates the effect of agglomeration on ambidexterity. Some implications for managers and policymakers are presented.

Firm managers play an important role in the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions. Education is emerging as the key factor in developing a sense of moral responsibility amongst the business students who will eventually become company managers and decision makers. The aim of this research is, thus, twofold. First, to analyze the existence of a direct positive correlation between university students’ perception of CSR and its impact on business performance; and second, to examine the extent to which two factors (advantages brought by CSR and responsibilities toward stakeholders) act as mediation variables in the aforementioned correlation. The analysis was performed with a sample of 390 business‐related university students. Amongst the potential contributions made by this study we can highlight the possibility of knowing future managers’ way of thinking and of knowing the aspects where educational centers might improve their CSR teaching.

PurposeIn recent years, author and document citation and co-citation analyses have often been applied to map the “intellectual structure” of different scientific fields, including management and international business. However, the technique of bibliographic coupling between scientific documents, which seeks to identify active research fronts in a scientific field or discipline, has been less commonly used. This study utilized this technique to identify and visualize the research fronts in the context of papers on emerging markets multinational enterprises (EM-MNEs) recently published in a wide variety of journals. The aim is not only to complement and expand the results obtained in prior studies that have used other types of systematization, such as qualitative content analysis methodology but also to propose avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe primary databases utilized to carry out the present research work – both comprised in the Web of Science™ (WoS) Core Collection – were: the Social Sciences Citation Index® (SCI) developed by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and the Emerging Sources Citation Index. A total of 496 “peer-reviewed journal articles” published between 2014 and December 30, 2019 were retrieved. With regards to the methodology, bibliometric methods were utilized, as well as social network analysis (SNA).FindingsParticularly, the analytical techniques employed – adopting a “quantitative” method of a deductive character – allowed the identification of the most active research “fronts” in international research related to the topic under analysis: the phenomenon of EM-MNEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study has several limitations resulting from the utilization of bibliometric methods applied in the analyses performed.Originality/valueThe authors believe that this research is of value for future researchers since it allows the identification of research “fronts,” which shape the vanguard of knowledge and reveal current trends and future directions in the area under examination.

This paper contributes to the growing research about Human Resource Management (HRM) by examining the interrelationships between High Performance Work System (HPWS) and their effects on firm performance in the hotel industry. Recent studies stress the need to delve deeper into this link considering the role that may be played by certain dynamic capabilities as mediating variables (Patel, Messersmith, & Lepak, 2013; Prieto-Pastor & Martin-Perez, 2014). The current study proposes a multiple mediating model and tests the mediation. More specifically, this research establishes that human resource flexibility (HRF) and organizational ambidexterity (OA) play a mediating role in the HPWS-performance relationship. A variance-based structural equation modeling (Partial Least Squares) has been applied to a sample of Spanish hotel firms. The results obtained support the mediation hypotheses according to which HRF and OA play a critical mediating role in the HPWS-performance relationship.

Purpose The purpose of this paper – based on the conviction that the human resource is by far the most strategic or distinctive resource available to firms competing in hospitality and tourism industries – is to objectively analyze the research on HR developed in the domain of tourism and hospitality management between 1997 and 2016. The aim is to “identify” and “represent” the “intellectual structure” of the field examined. Design/methodology/approach “Bibliometric” methods are utilized: document citation and co-citation analyses, as well as social network analysis (SNA). Findings The paper provides an interesting inventory of the theoretical foundations of knowledge developed around HR in the field under study by different theoretical frameworks and scientific disciplines, such as marketing or psychology. However, its main contribution is to identify an important gap in the literature in the specific area of management. Research limitations/implications The present study has several limitations resulting from the utilization of “bibliometric” methods applied in the analyses performed. As for the implications, these are more than obvious. Originality/value The authors believe that research developed here provides – through a kind of “meta-analysis” – a valuable outlet from which future researchers could benefit, giving them easier access to the theoretical foundations on which HR research in the field in question is based. This work also suggests some paths for future development or research in the field within the context of hospitality and tourism industries.

Purpose Based on the knowledge-based theories of the MNC, this research aims to develop and test a holistic model to analyse the relationship between the strategic knowledge management (SKM) processes undertaken by subsidiaries and MNC performance. Additionally, it focuses on determining the impact that the relational context can have on knowledge creation and transfer inside the internal network of an MNC. Design/methodology/approach The research hypotheses are tested by partial least squares (PLS) with data from a sample of Spanish subsidiaries of foreign multinational firms belonging to high-technology and knowledge-intensive sectors. Findings The results confirm that: the implementation of a SKM by a subsidiary positively impacts on knowledge creation; the knowledge created by a subsidiary positively influences knowledge transfer, increasing the knowledge existing in the MNC; the knowledge transfer across all MNC units has a positive impact on MNC performance; the subsidiary’s relational context arises as a mediating variable between the knowledge created by a subsidiary and its transfer to the rest of the MNC. Originality/value The research proposes a holistic model that contemplates the joint interaction of the variables knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and performance. In addition, the proposed model contemplates the variable SMK of the subsidiary as the beginning of the knowledge creation-knowledge transfer-performance process. Finally, the mediating role of the relational context in the relationship between knowledge creation and transfer is analysed.

The present research work shows the results obtained in an analysis of the existing literature about one of the ‘topics’ which arouses more interest among economists, geographers, theorists of business organization and strategic management or the actual officials in charge of territory arrangement and planning: that of clusters or industrial firm or groupings. More precisely, a total of 1,344 research papers published in different journals in the areas of economy, management, business, planning and development, urban studies and geography during the period 2000 and 2015 were analysed for the purpose of trying to identify and visualize the intellectual structure or knowledge base of the research developed about the aforementioned phenomena. As for the methodology utilized, of a quantitative nature, it is based on the use of bibliometric techniques – in particular, of document co-citation analysis (DCA) – and of social networks analysis.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze which policies of human resource management (HRM) contribute to exploratory learning and which to exploitation learning; and second, to determine the influence of the two types of learning on organizational performance. Design/methodology/approach The research hypotheses are tested by partial least squares with data from a sample of 100 Spanish hotels. Findings The results confirm that, in order of importance, selective staffing, comprehensive training and an equitable reward system lead to exploratory learning. Exploitative learning seems to be fundamentally driven by comprehensive training and an equitable reward system (but in a different way than with exploratory learning). Finally, both types of learning have a positive impact on performance. Practical implications Both exploratory and exploitative learning result from HRM practices. To maintain performance expectations managers should develop both learning types, which entails the utilization of the best HRM practices. Originality/value This study presents empirical evidence around the findings of other studies (Laursen and Foss, 2014; Minbaeva, 2013) which call for further research into whether strategic HRM configurations have positive effects on the two learning types. The results find some practices that have a positive effect in both cases, but with different intensities in their explanations. This finding reveals the need for more detailed exploration around which combinations of HRM practices, in terms of exploratory vs exploitative learning, are advisable for organizations. The study also finds that the two learning types have a positive influence on organizational performance.

This paper analyzes the role played by internal knowledge generation and external knowledge acquisition in the impact of agglomeration on the profitability of Spanish hotels. The results are of interest not only because they demonstrate that knowledge management strategies have a partial mediation effect in the relationship between agglomeration and profitability, but also because they find a substitution effect between internal knowledge generation and external knowledge acquisition. The analysis uses a sample of 2003 Spanish hotels and helps us to understand the real reasons behind the district effect.

The purpose of this study consists in analyzing the existing literature on international business from all the research papers published in Journal of International Business Studies (JIBS) during the period of time comprised between 2000 and 2015. The authors apply bibliometric methods to that end –in particular, document citation and co-citation analyses (DCAs)– so that they can try and identify the main research lines within the aforementioned scientific field or domain; in other words, the ‘intellectual structure’ of the discipline examined. Social networks analysis was also used to carry out the representation or visualization of such structure or knowledge base. The highly interdisciplinary nature of the research undertaken, since the study field still keeps its characteristic diversity and interdisciplinarity or the need to integrate a variety of theoretical frameworks or approaches into the development of a widely-accepted theory about the field under study become evident. Amongst these theories would be the new institutional theory, the strategic theory or perspective or others such as the transaction cost theory or the agency theory, applied to the context of internationalization and to the field of international business, on whose integration the future development of this field may largely depend.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing literature on human resource management (HRM) from all the research papers published in The International Journal of Human Resource Management between 2000 and 2012. The authors apply bibliometric methods to identify the main research lines within this scientific field; in other words, its ‘intellectual structure’. Social network analysis is also used to perform a visualization of this structure. The results of the analysis allow us to define the different research lines or fronts which shape the intellectual structure of research on HRM.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the use of high-performance work systems (HPWSs) facilitates the development of organizational ambidexterity directly or through a mediating variable such as ambidextrous organizational culture. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical model and the hypotheses proposed were tested using a sample of 100 Spanish hotels. The data analysis method used was the partial least squares. Findings The results of the research confirm that HPWSs exert a direct influence on organizational ambidexterity. HPWSs shape and integrate exploitative and exploratory activities through the construction of a culture that promotes organizational diversity and shared vision, which are needed to shape a suitable context for ambidexterity. Therefore, ambidextrous organizational culture emerges as a mediating variable between HPWSs and organizational ambidexterity. Finally, the ambidexterity of hotels has a positive impact on their performance. Originality/value The present paper presents new alternatives when undertaking research on organizational ambidexterity. More specifically, this research incorporates a mediator variable called ambidextrous organizational culture between HPWSs and organizational ambidexterity, which has not been considered before.

The present research paper shows the results of an analysis of the existing literature on one of the topics that has sparked the most interest amongst scholars and researchers in the fields of international management and entrepreneurship: born global firms and international new ventures (INVs). Concretely, with the aim of identifying and visualising the intellectual structure of research on this phenomenon, a total of 124 research papers whose titles contain the above terms are analysed. The methodology is mainly based on the bibliometric techniques of document citation and co-citation analyses and the analysis of social networks (SNA). El presente trabajo de investigación muestra los resultados de un análisis de la literatura existente sobre uno de los ‘tópicos’ que más interés suscita entre estudiosos e investigadores en los campos de la dirección internacional y el entrepreneurship: el de las empresas nacidas globales (BG) e international new ventures (INV). En concreto, a fin de tratar de identificar y visualizar la estructura intelectual o base de conocimiento de la investigación desarrollada sobre dicho fenómeno, un total de 124 artículos de investigación en cuyo título figuran los términos anteriormente descritos, fueron analizados. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada, la misma se halla fundamentada en el uso de técnicas bibliométricas –en particular, de los análisis de citación y co-citación de documentos (DCA)– y el análisis de redes sociales (ARS).

The present research paper shows the results of an analysis of the existing literature on one of the topics that has sparked the most interest among scholars and researchers in the fields of international management and entrepreneurship: born global firms or international new ventures. Concretely, with the aim of identifying and visualising the intellectual structure of research on this phenomenon, a total of 124 research papers whose titles contain the above terms are analysed. The methodology is mainly based on the bibliometric techniques of document citation and co-citation analyses and the analysis of social networks.

The present paper brings together two lines of research that the literature has more often than not studied separately: the generation of externalities in industrial districts; and the international strategy based on location advantages. The application of industrial district approach principles serves to identify the tourist holiday districts situated along the Spanish coastline. This is followed by an analysis of the extent to which the degree of firm agglomeration specific to each district, as well as the presence of institutions generating specific technical knowledge, influence the globalization of the tourism sector, both regarding internationalized Spanish hotel chains and foreign hotels installed in Spain.

Although Spain is among the world's most visited tourist destinations, not all Spanish regions receive the same flow or number of tourists, and the type of visitor varies from one region to another. This paper analyses the structure of the tourism industry across the six most important tourist regions in Spain. Its main aim is to identify the most relevant factors for each of these regions, explaining the differences between them not only in terms of the number of tourists they receive but also in terms of tourist behaviour. The authors select two theoretical models empirically validated in previous studies: Porter's Diamond model, which helps to explain why the tourism industry is more competitive in some Spanish regions than in others, and the theory of tourist districts, which clarifies why the tourism industry tends to develop in very specific geographical areas. This study forms part of the project TRACE2009–0200, financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.

There is currently a general agreement about the importance of training as a tool to help companies in the development of sustainable competitive advantages based on their human resources. Staff qualification is not an option in the tourism industry; human capital training actually becomes a determining factor to be able to achieve a differential positioning within the sector. In Spain, where the tourism sector is a strategic element, it becomes essential to analyse the training policy applied by tourism enterprises with the aim of assessing its quality and effectiveness. The objective sought in this study is to identify the main factors related to training policy that have an impact on performance. The study carries out an empirical research into the effects that training practices cause on performance levels in the Spanish hotel industry using a sample of 110 hotels.

The present research work shows the results of an analysis about the existing literature on one of the 'topics' which is currently raising great interest among scholars and researchers in the fields of strategic management and organisation science, namely: organisational ambidexterity. More precisely, and seeking to identify and visualise the intellectual structure or knowledge base of the research developed in relation to this construct, a decision was made to analyse a total of 283 research papers which appeared after the publication in the journal California Management Review in the summer of 1996 of the seminal work by Tushman and O'Reilly III entitled 'Ambidextrous Organizations: Managing Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change', where these authors suggested that organisations need to explore and exploit simultaneously if they want to be ambidextrous. As for the methodology applied, it was based on the utilisation of bibliometric techniques - particularly citation analyses and author co-citation analyses (ACA) - and social networks analysis (SNA).

La ambidestreza organizativa es una capacidad estratégica de suma importancia en la actualidad tanto para la innovación de productos/servicios como para el éxito empresarial. Este trabajo aborda el análisis de la ambidestreza desde una óptica poco estudiada hasta el momento (la dirección de los recursos humanos), y en un sector en el que han sido escasas las contribuciones académicas en relación a la ambidestreza organizativa, como es el sector hotelero. Los objetivos de esta investigación son conocer en qué medida un sistema de dirección de recursos humanos de alto rendimiento (HPWS) contribuye al desarrollo de la ambidestreza, si la cultura organizativa actúa como variable mediadora en esta relación y el efecto de la ambidestreza organizativa en el desempeño hotelero. Organisational ambidexterity is currently a very significant organisational capacity for innovation of products / services and for business success. This article tackles the analysis of ambidexterity from an angle largely unexplored so far (human resources management), and in a sector —the hotel industry— with scarce academic contributions on organizational ambidexterity. The goals of this research are finding out how much high-performance human resources work systems (HPWS) contribute to developing ambidexterity, if organisational culture is a mediator variable in this relationship, and the effect of organisational ambidexterity on hotel performance.

The present research work shows the results of an analysis about the existing literature on one of the `topics' which is currently raising greater interest among scholars and researchers in the fields of strategic management and organization science, namely: organizational ambidexterity. More precisely, and seeking to identify and visualize the intellectual structure or knowledge base of the research developed in relation to this construct, a decision was made to analyze a total of 283 research papers which appeared after the publication in the journal California Management Review in the summer of 1996 of the seminal work by Tushman and O'Reilly III entitled `Ambidextrous Organizations: Managing Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change,' where these authors suggested that organizations need to explore and exploit simultaneously if they want to be ambidextrous. As for the methodology applied, it was based on the utilization of bibliometric techniques--particularly citation analyses and author co-citation analyses and social networks analysis.

The aim of the present study is to synthesise the main aspects associated with human resources and their influence on the success or failure of strategic alliances. With this purpose, and starting from the strategic process of co‐operation, we analysed the role played by such variables as the management and leadership system, and the corporate culture or human resources practices in general in the formulation and implementation of an agreement. The study was carried out both from the perspective of the co‐operating firm and from the alliance's point of view. It also considers the particular characteristics of international alliances and its influence on the human resources management and the corporate culture.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing literature on hospitality management from all the research papers published in The International Journal of Hospitality Management (IJHM) between 2008 and 2014. The authors apply bibliometric methods – in particular, author citation and co-citation analyses (ACA) – to identify the main research lines within this scientific field; in other words, its ‘intellectual structure’. Social network analysis (SNA) is also used to perform a visualization of this structure. The results of the analysis allow us to define the different research lines or fronts which shape the intellectual structure of research on hospitality management.

The aim of the present study is to synthesise the main aspects associated with human resources and their influence on the success or failure of strategic alliances. With this purpose, and starting from the strategic process of co-operation, we analysed the role played by such variables as the management and leadership system, the corporate culture or human resources practices in general in the formulation and implementation of an agreement. The study was carried out both from the perspective of the co-operating firm and from the alliance's point of view.

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to identify which variables of training policy have a significant and positive impact on organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachA targeted literature review was conducted to identify and collate a comprehensive range of human resource management and training conceptualisations/investigations. This was the basis for the approach to contrast hypotheses. The paper used a sample of Spanish companies and the method of analysis was regression.FindingsThe results obtained in this paper do suggest that the training policy positively correlates with organisational performance, both using objective result measures (productivity and financial performance) and in the subjective measure of perceived financial performance and in intermediate result measures.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was confined to the analysis of a single Spanish region, and specifically referred to its hotel industry, which means that the results obtained must be situated within that specific context examined. To this must be added that the data were collected from a single source (CEOs) and, of course, it would have been more appropriate to use data from multiple sources.Originality/valueFrom an academic point‐of‐view, the research initiative presented here is placed within the new line of development for research into training and performance that tries to overcome the restrictions faced in other publications, trying to go one step further in the search for more specific connections between human resources and performance. From a practical viewpoint, this research work could help hotel entrepreneurs in two ways: first, by providing evidence that the resources allocated by hotel firms to the training of their staff have a positive impact on their profit levels; and second, by showing which variables should be considered to achieve this relationship.

This research study's main purpose is to analyze the relationship between global Human Resource Management systems and organizational performance within a sample of Spanish hotels. The aim is to test whether: (a) the “human capital” or make Human Resource Management system has a positive effect on productivity, worker satisfaction, client satisfaction, and owner/shareholder satisfaction; and (b) the fit between the Human Resource Management system and the firm's strategic orientation in hotels exerts a positive impact on organizational performance. The make approach has been shown to produce positive results on several outcome measures; the contingency approach was not tested, though.

El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de los factores de éxito y fracaso de las alianzas estratégicas, tanto en el contexto del Enfoque Organizativo como del Enfoque Estratégico. Los resultados muestran que el éxito de los acuerdos de cooperación puede explicarse de una manera similar desde ambas aproximaciones, lo que nos lleva a pensar en la existencia de una relación entre las mismas. En efecto, se constata que los problemas que surgen entre los socios son más fáciles de superar en unas alianzas que en otras, según cual sea la razón por la que éstas se han creado.

This paper presents the results of a survey of 74 owner-managed small companies in Alicante (Spain), ex-ploring the existence and performance implications of new venture competitive strategies. A factor analytic pro-cedure and cluster analysis confirmed the existence of multiple strategies which new venture firms follow. Four strategic clusters of firms were uncovered: 1/ Differentiation, 2/ Innovation, 3/ Product Offering, and 4/ Aggressive Growth with Narrow Special Products. A Scheffé posteriori contrast test revealed different “performance patterns” between these clusters.

ResumenEl propósito del presente trabajo de investigación es tratar de identificar las principales corrientes de investigación dentro del campo o dominio científico de la dirección de recursos humanos analizando todos los artículos de investigación publicados en la revista The International Journal of Human Resource Management (IJHRM) durante el período comprendido entre los años 2000 y 2012. En otras palabras o dicho de otro modo, la «estructura intelectual» de la disciplina analizada (the HRM discipline). Los autores utilizan para ello métodos bibliométricos. En particular, se emplearon los análisis de citación y co-citación de autores (ACA). El análisis de redes sociales (SNA) fue también usado para proceder a la representación o visualización de dicha estructura o base de conocimiento. En cuanto a los resultados, el análisis desarrollado nos habría permitido delimitar las diferentes líneas o frentes de investigación que conforman la estructura intelectual de la investigación desarrollada en el campo de la dirección de recursos humanos.AbstractThe present research paper has as its aim to try and identify the main research streams within the human resource management scientific field or domain through the analysis of all the research papers published in The International Journal of Human Resource Management (IJHRM) during the period comprised between 2000 and 2012. In other words or expressed differently, the »intellectual structure» of the discipline under study —the HRM discipline. The authors utilize bibliometric methods to achieve that aim, in particular, author citation and co-citation analyses (ACA). Social networks analysis (SNA) was also used to proceed with the visualization of that knowledge structure or base. As for results, the analysis developed would have allowed us to define the different research lines or fronts which shape the intellectual structure of the research carried out in the field of human resource management.