Search

Water deficit and high temperature limit agricultural productivity, affecting plant growth, development, and metabolism. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the interaction between water deficit and temperature increase on cowpea production. The experiment was carried out with the cultivar BRS Rouxinol, in growth chambers, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, being four soil water availability (25; 50; 75 and 100% of field capacity) and two daily temperature regimes (T°1: 20-26-33 °C and T°2: 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C). The increase in water availability favored an increase in shoot and root dry mass. The vegetative stage was prolonged in plants maintained at a temperature regime of 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C. The cowpea yield increased with higher water availability. The water availability of 90% was the one that provided the highest water use efficiency. The 4.8°C increase in air temperature promotes an increase in oxidative stress with lack of synchrony in the antioxidative defense system. The cultivar Rouxinol is sensitive to the increase in air temperature and water deficit. However, even with 100% water availability, there was no seed production with an increase in air temperature. Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T02:21:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Production-and-biochemical-responses-2021.pdf: 1276135 bytes, checksum: 24ce5ceeae9d564aa2e40c971d941ab1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration (CO2) in the atmosphere has occurred in recent years, influencing the different biological aspects of herbivorous insects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CO2 increase on the biological aspects of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard leafminer in melon plants. For this, two experiments were carried out: (i) to evaluate the effect of melon plants grown in CO2-enriched environments on the immature developmental stages of L. sativae and L. sativae adult longevity, and (ii) to verify the impact of increased CO2 concentration on L. sativae adult survival, feeding punctures, and oviposition. The experiments were carried out in growth chambers maintained in the temperature regime of 20-26-33 °C (simulating the minimum, average, and maximum daily temperature) and under two CO2 concentrations (400 ppm and 770 ppm). The immature stages and the egg-adult period of L. sativae were longer when they developed on plants grown in high CO2 levels (770 ppm), but no difference in adult longevity was observed. The viability of the immature phases was not different between the two CO2 concentrations. Furthermore, there was no difference in the number of eggs and feeding punctures between treatments. Thus, the increase in CO2 concentration prolongs the duration of the immature stages of L. sativae; however, it does not affect their viability. Adult survival, fertility, and feeding punctures were also unmodified by the environment enriched with CO2. Resumo:O aumento da concentração de CO2 interfere em aspectos biológicos de Liriomyza sativae em meloeiro? O aumento da concentração de dióxido de carbono (CO2) na atmosfera tem ocorrido nos últimos anos, influenciando nos diferentes aspectos biológicos de insetos herbívoros. O presente trabalho visa avaliar o impacto do aumento da concentração de CO2 sobre aspectos biológicos da mosca-minadora, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, em meloeiro. Para isso foram realizados dois experimentos: (i) o primeiro para avaliar o efeito de plantas de meloeiro cultivadas em ambientes enriquecido com CO2 sobre o desenvolvimento dos estágios imaturos e da longevidade dos adultos de L. sativae; e o (ii) segundo para verificar o impacto do aumento da concentração de CO2 sobre a sobrevivência, puncturas de alimentação e oviposição de L. sativae. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em câmaras de crescimento com regime de temperatura de 20-26-33°C (simulando a temperatura mínima, média e máxima diária) e duas concentrações de CO2, 400 e 770 ppm. Os estágios imaturos e o período ovo-adulto de L. sativae foram maiores quando desenvolvidos em plantas cultivadas em elevado nível de CO2, no entanto não foi observado diferença na longevidade dos adultos. A viabilidade das fases imaturas não diferenciou entre as duas concentrações de CO2. Não houve diferença no número de ovos e puncturas de alimentação entre os tratamentos. Desta forma, o aumento de CO2 prolonga a duração dos estágios imaturos de L. sativae, porém, não afeta a viabilidade destas. A sobrevivência dos adultos, fecundidade e puncturas de alimentação também não é modificada no ambiente enriquecido com CO2. Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-27T14:01:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Semina.-Does-elevated-CO2.-v.42n.4.2021.pdf: 336024 bytes, checksum: a6ac31aff4653b4b1aceec08d18af50b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Risk analysis of climate change on the spatial distribution of sugarcane orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) is a strategic study for plant protection to minimize future damages. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential risk of the occurrence of orange rust in Argentina and Brazil under the climate change scenarios. A mapping methodology integrated the data of climate projections and the phytosanitary problem supported by Geographic Information System (GIS). Normal climate (1961-1990) and future climate (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change were considered. The conditions of climatic favorability for the occurrence of the disease were established by means mathematical logic criteria of GIS, based on knowledge of the authors, who incorporated the implicit effects of the interaction of the virulent pathogen, susceptible host, and predisposing environmental characteristics. The favorability for the occurrence of sugarcane orange rust in the main sugarcane producing regions of Argentina and Brazil varied over the months considered of the cultivation cycle. For Argentina, the future climate scenarios predicted a reduction in favorability for the occurrence of sugarcane orange rust from December to February and an increase in April. In Brazil, the climatic favorability decreased from December to March and increased in May. A análise de risco de mudanças climáticas na distribuição espacial da ferrugem alaranjada da cana-de-açúcar (Puccinia kuehnii) é um estudo estratégico para a proteção de plantas a fim de minimizar danos futuros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o risco potencial da ocorrência de ferrugem alaranjada na Argentina e no Brasil, sob cenários de mudanças climáticas. A metodologia de mapeamento integrou os dados das projeções climáticas e do problema fitossanitário por meio do Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Foi considerado o clima normal (1961-1990) e o clima futuro (2011-2040, 2041-2070 e 2071-2100) do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas. As condições de favorabilidade climática para a ocorrência da doença foram estabelecidas por meio de critérios lógicos matemáticos do SIG, baseados no conhecimento dos autores, que incorporaram os efeitos implícitos da interação do patógeno virulento, hospedeiro suscetível e características ambientais predisponentes. A favorabilidade para a ocorrência da ferrugem alaranjada da cana-de-açúcar nas principais regiões produtoras de cana-de-açúcar da Argentina e do Brasil variou ao longo dos meses considerados do ciclo de cultivo. Para a Argentina, os cenários climáticos futuros previram uma redução na favorabilidade para a ocorrência da ferrugem alaranjada da cana-deaçúcar de dezembro a fevereiro e um aumento em abril. No Brasil, a favorabilidade climática diminuiu de dezembro a março e aumentou em maio. El análisis de riesgo del cambio climático sobre la distribución espacial de la roya naranja de la caña de azúcar (Puccinia kuehnii) es un estudio estratégico para la protección vegetal con el fin de minimizar daños futuros. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el riesgo potencial de ocurrencia de roya naranja en Argentina y Brasil bajo los escenarios de cambio climático. Una metodología de mapeo integró los datos de las proyecciones climáticas y la problemática fitosanitaria apoyada en el Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG). Se consideró el clima normal (1961-1990) y el clima futuro (2011-2040, 2041-2070 y 2071-2100) del Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático. Las condiciones de favorabilidad climática para la ocurrencia de la enfermedad se establecieron mediante criterios lógicos matemáticos de SIG, basados en el conocimiento de los autores, quienes incorporaron los efectos implícitos de la interacción del patógeno virulento, huésped susceptible y características ambientales predisponentes. La favorabilidad para la ocurrencia de la roya naranja de la caña de azúcar en las principales regiones productoras de caña de azúcar de Argentina y Brasil varió a lo largo de los meses considerados del ciclo de cultivo. Para Argentina, los escenarios climáticos futuros pronosticaron una reducción en la favorabilidad para la ocurrencia de la roya naranja de la caña de azúcar de diciembre a febrero y un aumento en abril. En Brasil, la favorabilidad climática disminuyó de diciembre a marzo y aumentó en mayo. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Fil: Angelotti, Francislene. Embrapa Semi-arid; Brasil Fil: Morales, Cristina Del Carmem. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; Argentina Fil: Hamada, Emília. Embrapa Environment; Brasil Fil: Bisonard, Eduardo Matias. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Ribeiro do Valle Gonçalves, Renata. State University of Campinas (Unicamp); Brasil Fil: Rago, Alejandro Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias; Argentina

Temperature is one of the climatic elements that affect most the germination process and seedling development. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the germination and seedling development of cowpea cultivars under increasing temperature. The seeds of the cultivars Acauã, Carijó, Guariba, Gurguéia, Itaim, Juruá, Pajeú, Potengi, Pujante, Rouxinol, Tapahium, and Tumucumaque were kept in germination chamber at temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C, with photoperiod of 12 h. Cowpea seeds have optimal germination performance and seedling development at temperatures in the range of 30.49 - 35.48°C. The cultivars presented germination percentage above 91% under 40°C, however, the seedling were abnormal. The temperature of 20°C provided germination above 96%, but with a longer period to germinate. The temperature range between 30 - 35°C favored the germination speed index, average time, and seed germination speed, with optimum temperatures varying between the cultivars. The highest rate of normal seedlings was observed at temperatures between 25 and 35°C. Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-10T09:17:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Optimal-temperature-for-germination-and-seedling-development-of-cowpea-2020.pdf: 397715 bytes, checksum: 39efceef9b2662a9dadff7b62f5e9994 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Climate change can cause significant shifts in the occurrence and severity of agricultural diseases, altering the distribution of phytosanitary problems with severe economic, social, and environmental consequences. Despite their importance, these new geographic and temporal distributions of plant diseases still demand scrutiny. In the present study, we prospect the geographic distribution of sugarcane brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala) considering average temperature and relative humidity in the main producing region of the state of São Paulo. The geographic database was structured using GIS with projections of future climate change provided by IPCC. Mathematical logic equations were defined and applied to data of average temperature and relative humidity, resulting in monthly maps of climate favorability for the occurrence of the disease. Prospective maps for three future periods (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) and two greenhouse gas emission scenarios were compared to the reference period (1961-1990). The analysis considered months from December to May. Our study shows a tendency of decrease in the favorability for the disease in a longer term (2071-2100), more noticeable in the scenario A2 than in B1. These results suggest; however, that this disease demands attention in the management of the producing region for future climate scenarios. Made available in DSpace on 2022-07-11T12:21:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Prospecting-brown-rust-of-sugarcane-in-Sao-Paulo-2022.pdf: 1163510 bytes, checksum: 5e08a1030e2fce46e6d3620b2535d7f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Climate change already challenges people?s livelihood globally and it also affects plant health. Rising temperatures facilitate the introduction and establishment of unwanted organisms, including arthropods, pathogens, and weeds (hereafter collectively called pests). For example, a single, unusually warm winter under temperate climatic conditions may be sufficient to assist the establishment of invasive plant pests, which otherwise would not be able to establish. In addition, the increased market globalization and related transport of recent years, coupled with increased temperatures, has led to favorable conditions for pest movement, invasion, and establishment worldwide. Most published studies indicate that, in general, pest risk will increase in agricultural ecosystems under climate-change scenarios, especially in today?s cooler arctic, boreal, temperate, and subtropical regions. This is also mostly true for forestry. Some pests have already expanded their host range or distribution, at least in part due to changes in climate. Examples of these pests, selected according to their relevance in different geographical areas, are summarized here. The main pathways used by them, directly and/or indirectly, are also discussed. Understanding these path-ways can support decisions about mitigation and adaptation measures. The review concludes that preventive mitigation and adaptation measures, including biosecurity, are key to reducing the projected increases in pest risk in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Therefore, the sustainable management of pests is urgently needed. It requires holistic solutions, including effective phytosanitary regulations, globally coordinated diagnostic and surveillance systems, pest risk modeling and analysis, and preparedness for pro-active management. Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-29T17:05:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Climate-change-and-pathways-used-by-pests-as-challenges-to-plant-health-in-agriculture-and-forestry-2022.pdf: 461955 bytes, checksum: 6cdb6958897691a0c6b9962fc1a6f01f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Considering that changes in climatic parameters directly interfere in crop yields, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, temperature and soil water availability on production, water-use efficiency and onion (Allium cepa L. cv. IPA 11) quality. Four levels of soil water availability (40, 60, 80 and 100 %) and two concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (770 and 390 ppm) were evaluated in three experiments with different temperature regimes (18-24-30, 22-28-34 and 26-32-38 ºC), in Phytotron growth chambers. The water-use efficiency, bulb diameter and weight, shoot dry weight, pulp frmness, soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity were also evaluated. The increase in temperature reduces the production, and a higher soil water availability increases the production of IPA 11 onion bulbs. The temperature regime of 18-24-30 ºC and the water availability of 76.72 % provide the best water-use efficiency for the onion crop. RESUMO Considerando-se que mudanças nos parâmetros climáticos interferem diretamente na produtividade das culturas, objetivou-se avaliar o impacto de mudanças nas concentrações de dióxido de carbono, temperatura e disponibilidade hídrica do solo na produção, eficiência do uso de água e qualidade de cebola (Allium cepa L. cv. IPA 11). Foram avaliados quatro níveis de disponibilidade de água no solo (40, 60, 80 e 100 %) e duas concentrações de CO2 atmosférico (770 e 390 ppm), em três experimentos com diferentes regimes de temperatura (18-24-30, 22-28-34 e 26-32-38 ºC), em câmera de crescimento Fitotron. Também foram avaliados a eficiência do uso de água, diâmetro e peso dos bulbos, massa seca da parte aérea, firmeza da polpa, teor de sólidos solúveis, pH e acidez titulável. O aumento da temperatura reduz a produção, e maior disponibilidade de água no solo eleva a produção de bulbos de cebola IPA 11. O regime de temperatura de 18-24-30 ºC e a disponibilidade hídrica de 76,72 % proporcionam melhor eficiência no uso de água para a cultura da cebola.

Myracrodruon urundeuva, a native species from the Brazilian Caatinga, is widely distributed across its endemic region, where it also plays an essential socioeconomic role. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental stress on the germination of M. urundeuva seeds harvested in different years (2010 to 2013). Seeds were germinated at constant temperatures between 10 to 40 °C, osmotic potentials from 0 to -0.8 MPa (in polyethylene glycol 6000 solutions), and from 0 to -0.5 MPa (in NaCl solutions). The experiment was conducted according to a completely randomized design, with three replicates of 50 seeds, in a factorial scheme (harvest year x stress intensity) for each environmental stress. Germination data were then analysed using thermal, hydro and halo time models, and future germination responses projected according to climate change scenarios. The germination thermal thresholds ranged from 7.4 to 53.3 oC. The germination base osmotic threshold (using polyethylene glycol) was -0.6 MPa and the base osmotic threshold in NaCl was -0.43MPa. Seeds from different harvest years showed distinct tolerance to environmental stresses. The thermal, hydro and halo-time models were efficient to describe the germinative response of seeds, and the climate models allowed to identify the germination responses of M. urundeuva in future climate. According to the models for future climate (RCP 8.5), the reduction of rainfall by 2100 will directly affect seed germination and seedling recruitment of M. urundeuva. Resumo: Myracrodruon urundeuva, espécie nativa da Caatinga e de ampla distribuição geográfica, apresenta relevante valor socioeconômico. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de estresses ambientais sobre a germinação de lotes de diferentes safras de M. urundeuva. Foram testadas as temperaturas constantes de 10 a 40 °C e potenciais osmóticos de 0 a -0,8 MPa (usando-se polietileno glicol 6000) e de 0 a -0,5 MPa (usando-se soluções de NaCl). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com três repetições de 50 sementes em esquema fatorial (safras x intensidade do estresse) para cada estresse abiótico. Os dados de germinação foram então analisados utilizando modelos de tempo térmico, hídrico, hálico (salino), projetando respostas de germinação em cenários climáticos futuros. Os limites térmicos para a germinação das sementes variaram entre 7,4 e 53,3 oC. O limite osmótico base para germinação de sementes em polietileno glicol foi de -0,6 MPa e em NaCl foi de -0,43 MPa. Segundo modelos de cenários futuros de mudanças climáticas, a redução de semanas com precipitação mínima afetará diretamente a germinação de sementes e o recrutamento de plântulas de M. urundeuva. Assim, conclui-se que sementes de M. urundeuva foram tolerantes aos estresses abióticos. Os modelos de tempo térmico, hídrico e hálico foram eficientes para descrever a resposta foram eficientes para descrever a resposta germinativa de sementes, e os modelos climáticos permitiram identificar as respostas germinativas de M. urundeuva em cenários futuros de mudanças climáticas. De acordo com os modelos para clima futuro (RCP 8.5), a redução da precipitação até 2100 afetará diretamente a germinação de sementes e recrutamento de plântulas de M. urundeuva.

The selection of native forage species with yield potential under climate change scenarios can strengthen resilience of the Brazilian semiarid region. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing temperature on growth and morphological and yield responses of plants of the genus Manihot. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2×9 factorial arrangement (two temperature regimes and nine genotypes). The increase in temperature promoted higher plant dry mass (PDM) for genotypes A:24, A:79, A:102, A:EL, and A:GO during establishment. The percentage of leaves was reduced with the highest temperatures in the establishment, except for genotypes A:20, A:21, and A:GO. The increase in temperature during regrowth increased leaf dry mass (LDM) and reduced the leaf to stem ratio, except for A:24, A:79, and A:102, which presented similar values at both temperatures. Species of the genus Manihot respond differently to the 4.8 °C increase in air temperature. The increase in temperature shows a positive impact on the biomass production of species of this genus. La selección de plantas forrajeras nativas con potencial productivo ante escenarios de cambio climático puede aumentar la resiliencia en el semiárido brasileño. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del aumento de la temperatura sobre el crecimiento, respuestas morfológicas y productivas de plantas del género Manihot. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, en arreglo factorial 2x9 (dos regímenes de temperatura y nueve genotipos). El aumento de temperatura promovió mayor masa seca vegetal (MSP) para los genotipos A:24, A:79, A:102, A:E.L y A:G.O durante el establecimiento. Al establecimiento, el porcentaje de hojas en la planta se redujo con temperaturas más altas, con excepción de los genotipos A:20, A:21 y A:G.O. En rebrote, el aumento de temperatura incrementó la masa seca de hojas (MSF) y redujo la relación hoja:tallo para la mayoría de los genotipos, excepto A:24, A:79 y A:102, que presentaron valores similares en ambas temperaturas. Las especies del género Manihot responden de manera diferente al aumento de 4,8°C en la temperatura del aire. El aumento de temperatura tiene un impacto positivo en la producción de biomasa de las especies de este género. A seleção de plantas forrageiras nativas com potencial produtivo frente aos cenários de mudanças climáticas pode aumentar a resiliência no Semiárido brasileiro. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do aumento da temperatura sobre o crescimento, respostas morfológicas e produtivas de plantas do gênero Manihot. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x9 (dois regimes de temperatura e nove genótipos). O aumento da temperatura promoveu maior massa seca de planta (MSP) para os genótipos A:24, A:79, A:102, A:E.L e A:G.O durante o estabelecimento. No estabelecimento, a porcentagem de folhas na planta foi reduzida com as maiores temperaturas, com exceção dos genótipos A:20, A:21 e A:G.O. Na rebrota, o aumento na temperatura incrementou a massa seca de folhas (MSF) e reduziu a relação folha:caule para a maioria dos genótipos, exceto A:24, A:79 e A:102 que apresentaram similares valores em ambas as temperaturas. As espécies do gênero Manihot respondem de maneira distinta ao aumento de 4,8°C na temperatura do ar. O aumento da temperatura apresenta impacto positivo na produção de biomassa das espécies deste gênero.

Water deficit and high temperatures are abiotic factors that most limit plant growth and development. However, its effects depend on crop development stage and on stress duration and intensity. Thus, the objective of was to evaluate the development of cowpea subjected to water restriction in different phenological stages and to increase in air temperature. The experiment was conducted with the cultivar ‘Carijó’, in growth chambers, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to levels of water availability (25, 50, 75, and 100%,), phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and pod filling) and temperature regimes (T°1: 20-26-33 °C e T°2: 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C), respectively. Reduction of water availability in the vegetative and flowering stages caused decrease in grain production. The percentage of aborted flowers was higher in plants maintained under an increased temperature of +4.8 °C, with consequent reduction in grain production. Higher water availability values favored shoot and root dry mass production. Increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass but reduced water use efficiency by about 83%. The highest enzymatic activities of CAT, GPX and SOD were found in plants subjected to the temperature of +4.8 °C. Only APX showed lower enzymatic activity with increasing temperature. The cv. ‘Carijó’ is more sensitive to the 4.8 °C increase in air temperature than to water deficits. RESUMO O déficit hídrico e as altas temperaturas são os fatores abióticos que mais restringem o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. Entretanto, seus efeitos dependem da fase de desenvolvimento da cultura, da duração e da intensidade do estresse. Com isso, objetivou-se com esse trabalho, avaliar o desenvolvimento do feijão-caupi submetido à restrição hídrica em diferentes fases fenológicas e ao aumento da temperatura do ar. O experimento foi conduzido com a cultivar Carijó, em câmaras de crescimento, em arranjo fatorial de 4x3x2, sendo as disponibilidades hídricas (25, 50, 75, and 100%,) as fases fenológicas (vegetativa, floração e enchimento das vagens) e os regimes de temperatura (T°1: 20-26-33 °C e T°2: 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C) , respectivamente. A redução da disponibilidade hídrica nas fases vegetativa e na floração ocasionou queda na produção de sementes. A porcentagem de flores abortadas foi maior para as plantas mantidas no regime de temperatura com um aumento de 4.8 °C, com consequentemente, redução na produção de sementes. O aumento da disponibilidade hídrica, favoreceu a produção de massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. O aumento de 4,8 °C não afetou o peso da massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes, porém, reduziu cerca de 83% da eficiência de uso da água pela planta. Verificou-se as maiores atividades enzimáticas da CAT GPX e SOD nas plantas submetidas ao regime de temperatura de com um aumento de 4.8 °C. Apenas a APX apresentou menor atividade enzimática com o aumento da temperatura. A cv. Carijó apresenta maior sensibilidade ao aumento de 4,8 °C na temperatura do ar do que aos déficits hídricos.

A concentração de dióxido de carbono [CO2] na atmosfera tem aumentado nos últimos anos, como consequência poderá causar efeitos diretos e indiretos nos agroecossistemas, e um dos biomas que mais sofrerá com esta mudança será a Caatinga. A Amburana cearensis é uma espécie nativa desse bioma e muito utilizada para fins medicinais, madeireiro, ornamental e forrageiro. Diante disso, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito do aumento da [CO2] sobre a emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de A. cearensis. O experimento foi conduzido em câmaras de crescimento, tipo Fitotron, com controle de temperatura, [CO2], umidade e fotoperíodo. As sementes foram semeadas em tubetes contendo substrato comercial e submetidas a dois regimes de temperatura (18-24-30 °C e 22-28-34 °C) e duas [CO2] (390 e 770 ppm), durante 56 dias. Foram avaliados porcentagem de emergência, tempo médio de emergência, velocidade média de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, número de folhas, diâmetro do colo, índice relativo de clorofila, comprimento, peso fresco e seco total das plântulas. Quando avaliados de maneira isolada, a temperatura e a concentração de CO2 apresentaram influência sobre o peso fresco total das plântulas de A. cearensis. A interação entre temperatura e [CO2] não influenciou na emergência de plântulas. No crescimento inicial de plântulas apenas as variáveis diâmetro do colo e peso seco foram influenciadas por esta interação

The increase of CO2 and temperature may affect the progress of plant diseases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of increased carbon dioxide concentrations and temperature on melon powdery mildew. The experiments were performed in Fitotron growth chambers, with temperature, humidity and light control. The seedlings were submitted to two temperature regimes (20-26-33 ° C and 24-30-37 °C) and two CO2 concentrations (410 and 770 ppm). Nine melon cultivars (Araguaia, Awton, Eldorado, Gladial, Gold, Hibix, Natal, Juazeiro and Sancho) were evaluated. Melon seedlings were sprayed with a conidial suspension and maintained under controlled conditions to assess the disease progress. Along with the last severity assessment, conidia quantification was performed. The increase in temperature and CO2 concentration, as well as the interaction of these factors, reduces the severity of melon powdery mildew and the sporulation of Oidium sp. The incubation period of melon powdery mildew increases with an increase in CO2 concentrations and temperature. Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-19T18:14:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Severityofmelonpowderymildew2019.pdf: 1138110 bytes, checksum: 2da03596c7758febde8f2a637fc3249b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

High temperature stress can hinder the development of cowpea resulting in several damages including vegetative and reproductive phases of the crop. In this context, the objective of this study was to select cowpea cultivars tolerant to high temperature stress using various parameters related to physiological, biochemical, and yield aspects. For this, the cultivars Carijo, Itaim, Pujante, Rouxinol, and Tapahium were used, maintained in two temperature regimes: 20–26–33 °C and 24.8–30.8–37.8 °C. The experiment was carried out in growth chambers, in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement (cultivars × temperature regimes). Responses differentiated among the cultivars Carijo, Itaim, Pujante, Rouxinol, and Tapahium with the increase of 4.8 °C in air temperature. The high temperature promoted a greater quantity of aborted flowers, leading to a reduction in the yield of the cultivars Carijo, Pujante, Rouxinol, and Tapahium. The photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and enzymatic activities were significantly influenced by high temperature. From the combination of the responses of biometric, physiological and productive variables, the cultivar Itaim can be considered as tolerant to an increase of 4.8 °C in air temperature.

The increase in greenhouse gases (GHG) has caused an increase in atmospheric temperature. It is known that temperature is determinant for the occurrence of plant diseases. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in? uence of temperature on powdery mildew in detached leaves of diff erent melon cultivars. Nine melon cultivars were used: Araguaia, Awton, Eldorado, Gladial, Gold, Hibix, Natal, Juazeiro and Sancho. Two experiments were carried out with detached leaves in incubators with control of temperature and photoperiod (12/12h). The first experiment was conducted to determine the optimum temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C) for the development of the disease and, from this temperature, increments of 1.7, 2.6, 3.1 and 5 °C, corresponding to the IPCC scenarios, were evaluated. the leaves were inoculated with a suspension of conidia of Oidium sp., placed on trays and kept in incubators. It was found that air temperature in? uences both the incubation period and severity of the disease. The optimum range for the development of melon mildew was 20-25 °C, and the increase in air temperature reduces the severity of the disease and, from 30 °C, there is no appearance of symptoms. The incubation period of melon powdery mildew increases at temperatures of 15 °C and above 27.6 °C. Melon cultivars show diff erent responses to temperature increases. However, all cultivars were susceptible to powdery mildew, with high severity at temperatures favorable to the development of the pathogen. Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-03T13:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Impact-of-temperature-increase-on-powdery-mildew-in-melon-2021.pdf: 1139758 bytes, checksum: 9505efb6dd2444328bc9bb7d2744201b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Over the last few years, considerable effort has been spent by Embrapa in the construction of a plant disease database representative enough for the development of effective methods for automatic plant disease detection and recognition. In October of 2016, this database, called PDDB, had 2326 images of 171 diseases and other disorders affecting 21 plant species. PDDB size, although considerable, is not enough to allow the use of powerful techniques such as deep learning. In order to increase its size, each image was subdivided according to certain criteria, increasing the number of images to 46,513. Both the original (PDDB) and subdivided (XDB) databases are now being made freely available for academic research purposes, thus supporting new studies and contributing to speed up the advances in the area. Both collections are expected to grow continuously in order to expand their reach. PDDB and XDB can be accessed in the link https://www.digipathos-rep.cnptia.embrapa.br/.

Grapevine leaf rust, which is caused by the fungus Phakopsora euvitis, is an important late-season disease of ‘Niagara Rosada’ (Vitis labrusca) grapevine in Brazil. The early defoliation of plants caused by the disease impairs fruit ripening and reduces marketable yield. In a study carried out in northern Parana State, the temporal progression of grapevine leaf rust was quantified in a production system of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grapevine with two growing seasons per year: mid-summer-autumn and late winter-spring. The influence of weather-related variables on rust progression was examined through correlation analyses. It was observed that the rust was more severe in summer-autumn than in winter-spring. Significant positive linear correlations (P ≤ 0.05) were found between rust severity and rainfall (r ≥ 0.90) and average daily hours of leaf wetness (r ≥ 0.82). In addition, negative correlation was found between rust severity and temperature (r ≥ −0.84) in the mid-summer/autumn season. Mild temperatures in autumn were considered decisive for rust progression. In Brazilian tropical viticulture, management strategies for grapevine leaf rust must consider the risk of rust damage in autumn caused by temperature.

Drylands are predicted to become more arid and saline due to increasing global temperature and drought. Although species from the Caatinga, a Brazilian tropical dry forest, are tolerant to these conditions, the capacity for germination to withstand extreme soil temperature and water deficit associated with climate change remains to be quantified. We aimed to evaluate how germination will be affected under future climate change scenarios of limited water and increased temperature. Seeds of three species were germinated at different temperatures and osmotic potentials. Thermal time and hydrotime model parameters were established and thresholds for germination calculated. Germination performance in 2055 was predicted, by combining temperature and osmotic/salt stress thresholds, considering soil temperature and moisture following rainfall events. The most pessimistic climate scenario predicts an increase of 3.9 °C in soil temperature and 30% decrease in rainfall. Under this scenario, soil temperature is never lower than the minimum and seldomly higher than maximum temperature thresholds for germination. As long as the soil moisture (0.139 cm3 cm3) requirements are met, germination can be achieved in 1 day. According to the base water potential and soil characteristics, the minimum weekly rainfall for germination is estimated to be 17.5 mm. Currently, the required minimum rainfall occurs in 14 weeks of the year but will be reduced to 4 weeks by 2055. This may not be sufficient for seedling recruitment of some species in the natural environment. Thus, in future climate scenarios, rainfall rather than temperature will be extremely limiting for seed germination. Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-21T18:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rainfallnotsoiltemperaturewilllimittheseedgerminationofdry2020.pdf: 3202683 bytes, checksum: 1a6594dd57f074a3945a09b035657ac6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

In semi-arid environments, the distribution of rainfall over time is decisive in emergence in a soil seed bank. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of rainfall events on the soil seed bank emergence of Caatinga species under high CO 2 concentration. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of Embrapa Semi-arid in a randomized complete block design, with subdivided plots. Each plot consisted of different environmental conditions (open top greenhouse with injection of 550 ppm CO 2 ; open top greenhouse and environmental CO 2 ; natural environment). The subplots consisted of the depth at which the seeds of Poincianella pyramidalis and Myracrodruon urundeuva were sown (superficially and buried at 0.02 m and 0.06 m depth). Seedling emergence was monitored daily after the first rains. During the experiment, weather data showed a rainfall volume of 83 mm, an average air temperature of 28.7 o C, average soil temperature of 35.4 e 34.9 o C, at depths of 0.02 and 0.06 m, respectively. Seedling emergence started 56 days after sowing and 4 days after the first rains. After 154 days of the start of the experiment, drip irrigation was performed. The greenhouse environment, regardless of the addition of CO 2 or not, allowed higher emergence percentage of P. pyramidalis . The seeds of this species sowed on the soil surface only emerged when irrigation started. M. urundeuva seeds showed low germination even after irrigation.

The experiments were carried out under controlled conditions to evaluate the impact of increased temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide on infection of Xanthomonas campestris pv viticola, the causal agent of bacterial canker in Vine seedlings. It proceeded the evaluation of the following epidemiological components: incubation period (PI), severity (SEV) and using that data were calculated the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). It used grape seedlings (Italia, Crimson Seedless, Sugraone and Selection 8) inoculated with bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL-1). The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial arrangement 4x4 (cultivar x temperature) and 4x2 (cultivar x carbon dioxide concentration) which was carried out twice. The data were subjected to variance analysis. Increasing temperature reduced bacterium?s incubation period with significant differences between genotypes. For Selection 8 and Crimson temperature increase caused enhancement on severity and AUDPC. For Seleção 8 the incubation period (PI) was extended from 7.93 to 30.18 days when the concentration changed from 390 to 770 μmol/mol. The increased CO2 concentration reduced AACPSD and SEV for Sugraone and Selection 8. The results show that the temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of the air may have different effects on bacterial canker of grapevine. Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-02T17:27:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fran.pdf: 316446 bytes, checksum: 5cb968f2ccc6b965e2c43a502ce7c624 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-02

The downy mildew, caused by Plasmopora viticola, is one of the most important grapevine (Vitis vinifera) diseases in Southern Brazil, causing defoliation and economic losses. The evaluation of disease severity is an important decision for adoption of strategies and tactics for disease control. Therefore, the objective of this work was to elaborate and to validate a diagrammatic scale to assess downy mildew severity in grapevine, respecting the limitations of visual acuity. The diagrammatic scale with seven levels of disease severity of 1, 3, 6, 12, 25, 50 and 75% was developed in two versions of black-and-white and color scale. The scales were tested and validated by eight raters with and without previous experience with grapevine downy mildew. The raters estimated the severity of 30 grapevine leaves with different downy mildew severity, with and without the use of the scales. Minimum, intermediate and maximum severity levels were collected according to Weber-Fechner's stimulus-response law. The accuracy and precision were analyzed by linear regression between the actual and the estimated severity. Actual severity was assessed with ASSESS(r) Program. The scales provided good levels of accuracy (means of 88%) and excellent levels of precision (means of 95%). The raters showed great precision and accuracy when used the diagrammatic scale. The color scale provided more precise and accurate estimates than the black-and-white scale. The scale proposed in this work presented appropriate applicability for downy mildew evaluation in grapevine.

The protective, eradicative and curative activities of the fungicides azoxystrobin, tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin+metiram, and ciproconazole against grapevine rust, were determined in greenhouse. To evaluate the protective activity, leaves of potted ´Niagara´ (Vitis labrusca) vines were artificially inoculated with an urediniospore suspension of Phakopsora euvitis four, eight or forteen days after fungicidal spray; and to evaluate the curative and eradicative activities, leaves were sprayed with fungicides two, four or eight days after inoculation. Disease severity was assessed 14 days after each inoculation. All tested fungicides present excellent preventive activity against grapevine rust; however, tebuconazole and ciproconazole provide better curative activity than azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin+metiram. It was observed also that all tested fungicides significantly reduced the germination of urediniospore produced on sprayed leaves.

The seed physiological quality is related with climate variation during development. Thus, the aim of this study was to determinate the relation among climatic factors and germination of M. urundeuva seeds in different growing seasons and to predict the germination according to the climatic scenarios. Seeds from 14 crop seasons (2005 to 2018) and climatic data from the ‘Bebedouro’ weather station (Embrapa Semiarid) were used to determine the influence of climatic conditions on the vegetative, female and male flowers and the fruiting of M. urundeuva . The simple linear correlation and the multiple linear regression model were applied to determine the influence of climatic elements on the production of M. urundeuva seeds. The multivariate calibration model was developed using the previous selection of variables by the algorithm of successive projections. From the mathematical model, the germination of M. urundeuva seeds was predicted according to climate change, as provided by the IPCC. Seed germination showed a significant difference between harvests. Through the correlation it was observed that the temperature correlated negatively with all phenological phases of M. urundeuva . The quality of M. urundeuva seeds is related to the maximum, average and minimum temperature, average and minimum humidity, and precipitation. These climate variables during the different phenological phases of M. urundeuva affect the physiological quality of the seeds, and, in climate change scenarios, there will be a reduction in the seed production of this species. O clima e a producao de sementes de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemao RESUMO A qualidade fisiologica das sementes esta relacionada as variacoes climaticas durante o seu desenvolvimento. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a relacao entre os elementos climaticos e a germinacao de diferentes safras de sementes de M. urundeuva , bem como prever a germinacao frente aos cenarios climaticos. Foram utilizadas sementes de 14 safras (2005 a 2018) e os dados climaticos da estacao meteorologica de Bebedouro, pertencente a Embrapa Semiarido, para determinar a influencia das condicoes climaticas nas fases vegetativa, flores femininas e masculinas e da frutificacao de M. urundeuva . A correlacao linear simples e o modelo de regressao linear multipla foram aplicados para determinar a influencia dos elementos climaticos na producao de sementes de M. urundeuva . O modelo de calibracao multivariado foi desenvolvido empregando a selecao previa de variaveis pelo algoritmo das projecoes sucessivas. A partir do modelo matematico realizou-se a previsao da germinacao de sementes de M. urundeuva frente as mudancas climaticas, previstas pelo IPCC. A germinacao das sementes apresentou diferenca significativa entre as safras. Por meio da correlacao observou-se que a temperatura correlacionou negativamente com todas as fases fenologicas da M. urundeuva . A qualidade das sementes de M. urundeuva esta relacionada com a temperatura maxima, media e minima, umidade media e minima, e com a precipitacao. Essas variaveis de clima durante as diferentes fases fenologicas de M. urundeuva afetam a qualidade fisiologica das sementes, sendo que, em cenarios de mudancas climaticas, ocorrera uma reducao na producao de sementes desta especie. Palavras-chave: aroeira-do-sertao, mudancas climaticas, germinacao.

A ocorrência da mancha preta do amendoim está diretamente relacionada aos elementos climáticos. Desta maneira, mapas de distribuição geográfica e temporal baseados em dados do clima contribuem com informações sobre o comportamento de patossistemas frente às mudanças climáticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução da favorabilidade climática à ocorrência da mancha preta para as principais regiões produtoras de amendoim da Argentina e do Brasil em função das mudanças climáticas. Na elaboração dos mapas foram considerados os meses de janeiro a março e empregada a metodologia de análise integrada das projeções climáticas e do problema fitossanitário com suporte do geoprocessamento. Foram considerados o clima normal (1961-1990) e o clima futuro (2011-2040, 20412070 e 2071-2100). Tendo em conta as particularidades da doença nas áreas produtoras de cada país, diferentes regras em critérios de lógica matemática de SIG foram aplicadas para a Argentina e o Brasil, pois elas incorporam efeitos diversos da interação das características próprias do patógeno virulento, hospedeiro suscetível e características ambientais. Os cenários climáticos futuros apontam para o aumento da favorabilidade para a ocorrência da mancha preta do amendoim para as principais regiões produtoras da Argentina e do Brasil. The occurrence of peanut black spot is directly related to climatic elements. Thus, maps of geographic and temporal distribution based on climatic data contribute to information on the behavior of pathosystems in the face of climate change. The objective of this study was to evaluate the evolution of climate favorability to the occurrence of black spot for the main peanut producing regions of Argentina and Brazil due to climate change. The months from January to March were considered to the production of the maps and the methodology of integrated analysis of the climate projections and the phytosanitary problem supported by the geoprocessing was used. Normal climate (1961-1990) and future climate (2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100) were considered. Taking into account the particularities of the disease in the producing areas of each country, different rules in criteria of mathematical logic of GIS were adopted for Argentina and Brazil as they incorporate the effect of the interaction of the virulent pathogen, susceptible host and environmental characteristics. Future climate scenarios point to an increase in the favorability of peanut black spot occurrence in the main producing areas of Argentina and Brazil. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido Fil: Bisonard, Eduardo Matias. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Hamada, Emília. Embrapa Meio Ambiente; Brasil Fil: Angelotti, Francislene. Embrapa Semiárido; Brasil Fil: Ribeiro do Valle Gonçalves, Renata. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas a Agricultura; Brasil Fil: Rago, Alejandro Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias; Argentina

Devido a intensa relacao entre o ambiente e as doencas de plantas, alteracoes na distribuicao geografica e temporal das doencas podem ocorrer como impacto das mudancas climaticas. A vitivinicultura tem crescido de importância nos ultimos anos no Brasil e as doencas constituem um serio problema para a cultura. O oidio, causado pelo fungo Uncinula necator, e uma das principais doencas que afetam a videira. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto potencial das mudancas climaticas na favorabilidade do oidio da videira no pais, baseado em criterios de logica matematica, associando combinacoes de faixas de variaveis climaticas com classes de favorabilidade e utilizando as ferramentas de SIG - Sistema de Informacoes Geografica. O estudo considerou os meses ao longo do ano dos periodos de 1961-1990 e de 2011-2040, 2041-2070 e 2071-2100, nos cenarios B1 e A2 do IPCC. A temperatura media e a umidade relativa foram os dados climaticos basicos de entrada no banco de dados do SIG e foram obtidos de projecoes dos modelos climaticos globais do Quarto Relatorio de Avaliacao do IPCC. Os mapas de distribuicao geografica de respostas favoraveis a doenca mostram que havera alteracao no futuro, com aumento da area favoravel a sua incidencia no Brasil, em ambos os cenarios. 800x600 Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} Due to the intense relationship between environment and plant diseases, changes in the geographical and temporal distribution of diseases may occur as an impact of climate change. Viticulture in Brazil has been growing in importance in recent years and disease are a serious crop issue. Powdery mildew, also known as oidium, caused by the fungus Uncinula necator , is one of the main diseases affecting this crop. The objective of this study was to assess the potential impact of climate change on the favorability of grape oidium in Brazil, based on criterions of mathematical logic associating combinations of ranges of climate variables with classes of favorability and using Geographical Information System - GIS tools. The study considered the months throughout the year of periods of 1961-1990 and 2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100, scenarios B1 and A2 of IPCC. Mean temperature and relative humidity were the basic weather data entered in the GIS database, obtained by projections of global climate models from IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. Maps of geographic distribution of favorable responses for the disease show that in the future there will be change, increasing the favorable area for their incidence in the Brazil, in both scenarios. Keywords: Vitis spp., Uncinula necator , plant disease, Geographical Information System.

Os debates sobre mudancas climaticas globais tem apresentado interesse tanto da comunidade cientifica como da populacao. Estudos apontam que ate o final de 2050 a concentracao de CO 2 passara dos atuais 384 ppm para 550 ppm. Diante desse cenario, o comportamento produtivo das plantas podera ser alterado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento inicial e as trocas gasosas de plantas de meloeiro sob alta concentracao de CO 2 . O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa Semiarido (Petrolina – PE). Foram utilizadas estufas de topo aberto para cultivo das plantas e aplicacao dos tratamentos: 1- Estufa com plastico lateral mais adicao de CO 2 (550 ppm); 2- Estufa com plastico e CO 2 ambiente e 3- Sem plastico e CO 2 ambiente. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos, com tres repeticoes. A irrigacao e a adubacao foram realizadas de acordo com as recomendacoes tecnicas da cultura. A mensuracao das variaveis de crescimento foi realizada a cada cinco dias enquanto as trocas gasosas foram mensuradas no final do experimento (30 dias apos o transplantio). A fotossintese liquida e a transpiracao das plantas foram maiores no tratamento com 550 ppm. Entretanto, aos 30 dias, o crescimento das plantas foi afetado negativamente, supostamente, pelo aumento da temperatura resultante do ambiente das câmaras com CO 2 . De acordo com os resultados, o manejo do meloeiro tera que sofrer alteracoes para se adaptar as mudancas climaticas, visando continuar sendo uma otima opcao de renda para os produtores rurais da regiao do semiarido. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} At present discussions on global climate change have shown interest to both the scientific community and the population. Studies show that by the end of 2050 the CO 2 concentration from the current 384 ppm to 550 ppm. In this scenario, the production os plants can be changed. This study aimed to evaluate the initial growth and gas exchange of plants of melon under high CO 2 concentration. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Semi-Arid (Petrolina - PE). Open-top ovens were used for plant cultivation and application of treatment: 1. Greenhouse with further addition of side plastic CO 2 (550 ppm); 2 Greenhouse with plastic and CO 2 environment and 3- No plastic and CO 2 environment. The experimental design was in blocks with three replications. The irrigation and fertilization were performed according to the technical recommendations of the culture. The measurement of the growth variables was performed every five days and gas exchange at the end of the experiment (30 days after transplanting). Net photosynthesis and transpiration of plants were higher in the treatment with 550 ppm. However, at 30 days, plant growth was negatively affected, supposedly, by temperature increase resulting environmental chambers with CO 2 According to the study, the management of melon will have to be changed to adapt to climate change, to continue being a great option to farmers in the semi-arid region. Key-words: C ucumis melo L. , greenhouse effect, climate change.

A comunidade cientifica, ao longo dos ultimos anos, tem buscado solucoes para o desenvolvimento sustentavel do Semiarido. Os estudos dos impactos das mudancas climaticas subsidiam medidas de mitigacao e adaptacao frente as futuras alteracoes no clima. Adicionalmente, o desenvolvimento e adocao de processos e tecnologias voltados para o desenvolvimento sustentavel, tendo em vista a viabilidade economica, social e ambiental sao fundamentais, para aumentar a seguranca alimentar, gerenciar os recursos hidricos e erradicar a pobreza. O avanco do conhecimento obtido nos ultimos anos e a interacao entre as instituicoes de ensino e pesquisa assumem um papel importante na proposicao e adocao de politicas publicas que visam aumentar a capacidade adaptativa da sociedade e da economia regional frente as mudancas climaticas, criando espacos de oportunidades e caminhos para a resiliencia climatica. Nesse sentido, a busca de solucoes e oportunidades para o desenvolvimento do Semiarido brasileiro e estrategico, razao pela qual mantem-se um forum de discussao permanente traduzido no Simposio de Mudancas Climaticas e Desertificacao no Semiarido Brasileiro, realizado bianualmente. A adocao de acoes voltadas para o desenvolvimento sustentavel e estrategica. A economia verde e o pagamento por servicos ambientais se tornaram oportunidades, pois atualmente o desenvolvimento economico nao pode estar dissociado das preocupacoes com relacao as mudancas no clima e a preservacao do ambiente. Para o Semiarido brasileiro e necessario fortalecer as acoes em andamento e buscar solucoes inovadoras para reduzir os impactos e riscos inerentes as mudancas climaticas, criar oportunidades na economia de baixo carbono e promover a inclusao social. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} The scientific community over the last few years has been sought solutions for sustainable development of the semiarid. The research about impacts of climate change is subsidizing mitigation and adaptation measures facing future changes, in semi-arid region. In addition, the development and adoption of processes and technologies for sustainable development, in view of economic, social and environmental sustainability are essential to increasing food security, manage water resources and eradicate poverty. The knowledge progress achieved in recent years and the interaction between education and research institutions play an important role on proposition and adopting public policies that aimed to increase the adaptive capacity of society and the regional economy to climate change, creating opportunities spaces and directions for climate resilience. In this sense, the search for solutions and opportunities for the development of the Brazilian semiarid is strategic, which is why keeping a permanent discussion forum translated at the Symposium on Climate Change and Desertification in the Brazilian semiarid carried out every two years. The adoption of actions for sustainable development, in view of economic, social and environmental viability is strategic. The green economy and payment for environmental services have become opportunities because currently the economic development cannot be dissociated from concerns about climate change. For the Brazilian semiarid is necessary to strengthen actions in progress and seek innovative solutions to reduce the impacts and risks posed by climate change, creating opportunities in the low carbon economy and promoting social inclusion. Key-words: adaptation, mitigation, environmental services, research.