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Great Salt Lake (GSL) is a critical staging area for 2 species of phalaropes: Wilson's (Phalaropus tricolor) and Red-necked (P. lobatus). Both rely on the abundant invertebrate prey at GSL to fuel their fall migrations to Central and South America, but little is known about where phalaropes forage on GSL, what foraging methods are used, or what variables influence their foraging decisions. During 2014 and 2015, the frequency of specific foraging behaviors by phalaropes differed by GSL bays; surface picking was the most common foraging behavior (>50%) on Carrington and Gilbert bays while spinning was the most common on Fannington Bay. Most (60%) Red-necked Phalaropes used surface picking for foraging compared to 32% of Wilson's Phalaropes. Spinning behavior to upwell prey was more common in Wilson's Phalaropes (used by 19% of foraging birds) than Red-necked Phalaropes (3%). The proportion of phalaropes in a flock that were foraging was positively associated with biomass of invertebrate prey at the flock's location. Most (64%) of the phalaropc flocks were on Fannington Bay, and 75% of phalaropes in this bay were foraging, compared to 41% of birds on Gilbert Bay. Thus, Fannington Bay is particularly important for hundreds of thousands of Red-necked and Wilson's phalaropes that stage on GSL for 4 months during each summer. Fannington Bay is brackish, shallow, and depends on the Jordan River for its freshwater. The future of this water source, and therefore Fannington Bay itself, is uncertain because of future diversions by humans and longer droughts predicted from climate change. Received 7 June 2020. Accepted 19 October 2021. Key words: Anemia. Ephydridae, Fannington Bay. foraging behavior, foraging habitat, hypersaline lakes, water diversion. Comportamiento de forrajeo de los falaropos Phalaropus lobatus y P. tricolor en Great Salt Lake, Utah Great Salt Lake (GSL) es un area critica de abastecimiento para 2 especies de falaropos: Phalaropus tricolor y P. lobatus. Ambas dependen de las abundantes prcsas del GSL para abastecerse para sus migraciones otonalcs a Centra y Sudamcrica. si bien so sabe poco sobre los sitios donde los falaropos forrajean en GSL, que metodos de forrajeo cmplean y que variables influencian sus decisioncs de forrajeo. Durante 2014 y 2015, la frecuencia de comportamicntos especificos dc forrajeo de los falaropos difirio entre bahias del GSL; el picoteo dc superficie fue el mas comun comportamiento de forrajeo (>50%) en las bahias Carrington y Gilbert mientras que los giros fueron mas comunes en la Fannington Bay. La mayoria (60%) de las F. lobatus usan el picoteo de superficie para forrajear comparado con 32% en P. tricolor. El comportamiento de giros para agitar presas hacia arriba fue mas comun en P. lobatus (usada por 19% de las aves que forrajeaban) que en P. tricolor (3%). La proporcion de falaropos en una parvada que estaba forrajcando estuvo positivamente asociada con la biomasa de presas invertebradas en la localidad de la parvada. La mayoria (64%) de las parvadas de falaropos se encontraron en Fannington Bay y el 75% de los falaropos en esta bahia se encontraron forrajeando. comparadas con 41% de las aves en Gilbert Bay. Por ello. Fannington Bay es particularmente importante para cientos de miles de falaropos de ambas especies que hacen paradas de abastecimiento en GSL por 4 meses cada verano. Fannington Bay es salobre. somero y depende del rio Jordan para su agua dulce. El future de esta fuente de agua. y de la propia Fannington Bay, es incierto por fiituras desviaciones por humanos y mas largas sequias prcvistas a consecuencia del cambio climatico. Palabras clave: Anemia, comportamiento dc forrajeo. desviacion de aguas, Ephydridae. Fannington Bay. habitat de forrajeo, lagos hipersalinos., Great Salt Lake (GSL) is an important staging area for migratory birds in the arid Great Basin region of the United States, providing a diverse range of habitats from fresh [...]

Wild pigs (Sus scrofa) pose significant challenges to wildlife managers. This research explored Texas hunters' acceptability of wild pig control actions, and whether acceptability varied according to hunters' affiliation with four different categories of natural resource organizations as an indicator of social identity. Results of a survey (n = 37,317) revealed that most hunters were accepting of all control actions except toxicants and non-lethal deterrents. Mean acceptability scores for each action differed significantly across the four affiliation categories, but effect sizes were minimal. Hunters affiliated with agricultural organizations were the most accepting of control actions, while hunters with no organizational affiliations were least accepting. Findings suggested that while the type of organization with which a hunter affiliates provides some basis for predicting acceptability of control actions, the association is likely not significant enough to warrant differentiating wild pig outreach messaging on the basis of affiliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among some Arctic-nesting geese, mass at fledging impacts first-year survival and recruitment into the breeding population, but this might not be true for temperate-nesting geese. For 25 years, we examined what variables impacted survival and recruitment of 731 Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) fledglings raised in Connecticut, USA by tracking individually marked birds throughout their lives. At fledging, the number of females (391) were similar to males (340), but by the end of the first year of life, females (247) outnumbered males (187). This can be explained due to the apparent survival rates for juvenile females (0.63) being higher than for males (0.55). Dispersal rate from natal areas were similar for males and females during the first year of life and cannot account for why females outnumbered males after one year of life. Apparent survival rates of female fledglings to the end of the second year was 0.48. For the 247 females still alive at the end of their first year of life, 190 were still alive at the end of their second year of life, yielding a 0.77 apparent survival rates during their second year of life. Sex was the only variable that explained the survival of fledglings until the end of their first year of life. The probability of females surviving the second year of life was not influenced by hatching date, fledging age, fledging mass, or family type. Heavier females at fledging were more likely to be recruited into the breeding population than lighter ones. Our results indicate that while an inability to acquire sufficient mass as a gosling does not affect survival, it impacts the ability to be recruited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]