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4. Effectiveness of international environmental regimes : a case study of the Mediterranean Action Plan

Author

Frantzi, Sofia

Subjects
327
Abstract

Modern environmental problems are often so extensive that they do not respect national boundaries and cannot be managed by one country acting alone, so their management is attempted through regional or international agreements. The focus of academic research in international relations has been on issues associated with the challenge of achieving international cooperation, Le. on regime formation, and less attention has been paid to the actual effectiveness of implementation after. these' treaties come into force. Hence this thesis aims to investigate the issue of the effectiveness of international environmental regimes by looking at how effectiveness can be defined, and how it can be evaluated in a particular case. The main research question addressed in the thesis is 'What is environmental regime effectiveness and how is it evaluated?' The Mediterranean Action Plan I Barcelona Convention (MAP) was chosen as a case study because existing studies of its effectiveness present sharply contrasting views and, as a long established regime, it may have changed over time. ~xisting approaches to measuring effectiveness in the academic literature are characterised by a debate over institutional versus environmental effectiveness. It is argued that a complete theoretical framework would require inter alia evaluating both the institutional and environmental components of a regime, and also the interaction between them. A study using Q methodology reveals the existence of many discourses on MAP's effectiveness among practitioners. An examination of MAP's environmental effectiveness, shows that the environmental impact of regimes cannot be easily measured, and that the role of science in regime operation should be examined instead. The analysis of MAP's institutional effectiveness identifies a combination of qualitative criteria as determinants of institutional performance. Finally, an overall evaluation ofMAP based on the theoretical framework proposed in the thesis, shows a decline in its effectiveness compared to the early years of its operation. It is argued that it is the combination or trade-off of benefits in both environmental and political terms, that is the key to a regime's success.

Published
2007

9. Governance and Institutions in Global Sustainability Modelling.

Author

Frantzi, Sofia and Kok, Marcel

Subjects
*SUSTAINABILITY, *SOCIAL ecology, *GLOBALIZATION, *PUBLIC institutions, *PUBLIC administration
Abstract

Governance and institutions are increasingly becoming a central concern within the more quantitatively oriented modelling and scenarios community. In order to understand the effectiveness of institutions in steering society and the international system at ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

10. A World-View Approach for Sustainability Scenarios.

Author

Kok, Marcel, Frantzi, Sofia, Pattberg, Philipp, and Petersen, Arthur

Subjects
*SUSTAINABILITY, *ENVIRONMENTAL sciences, *GLOBAL environmental change, *SOCIAL sciences, *ENVIRONMENTALISM -- Social aspects, *POLITICAL science, *INTERNATIONAL cooperation
Abstract

Environmental sciences have a long tradition in exploring possible future developments through the use scenarios of global environmental change. These have become important building blocks of, for example, the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Global Environmental Outlook of UNEP. Although rich in quantitative and qualitative analysis, insights from social sciences have usually not been very influential in these exercises. This paper makes the point that these scenario approaches indeed can be improved by a stronger contribution of social science knowledge. It does so by exploring how political science and international relations theory can help to enrich scenario approaches. This is done by relating the worldviews that are embodied in current scenarios to different schools of theory in international relations and political sciences. Worldviews can be interpreted as a value-based vision of the world. They constitute ways of perceiving the world: the framing of problems, the logic of societal change, the main actors, the role of international organisations and the state, and preferred solutions. An analysis through the lens of worldviews can help to structure the interpretation of past developments and explore alternative future developments. This is especially useful in the case of dealing with unstructured problems like most sustainability issues are. A number of studies in which this approach is applied are presented and reflected upon from international relations theory perspectives. On the basis of this analysis we draw conclusions for further scenario development. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

12. Modeling Governance and Institutions for Global Sustainability.

Author

Kok, Marcel, Biermann, Frank, Frantzi, Sofia, Petersen, Arthur, Pattberg, Philipp, Janssen, Peter, and de Vos, Martine

Abstract

Governance and institutions constitute a major challenge for researchers of quantitative and formal modelling and scenario-building in the field of global environmental change. While most modelling efforts include data on natural systems and parts of soci ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

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