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1. Chapter Integrating Belowground Interactions into Seagrass Restoration Strategies

Author

Jongen, Renske, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Bugnot, Ana B., Ferguson, Angus, Fraser, Matthew W., Glasby, Tim M., Jackson, Emma L., Martin, Belinda C., Sherman, Craig D.H., Sinclair, Elizabeth A., Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey M., Vergés, Adriana, Waycott, Michelle, Wright, Jeffrey T., Kendrick, Gary A., and Gribben, Paul E.

Subjects
Seagrass Restoration,Sediments,Microbes,Seagrass Genetics,Species Interactions,Decision-making Frameworks, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNW The Earth: natural history: general interest, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNP Trees, wildflowers and plants: general interest, thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans), thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology)
Abstract

Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited sources in marine science and oceanography. The ever-increasing interest in work in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues, especially global climate change and its impacts, creates a demand for authoritative refereed reviews summarising and synthesising the results of both historical and recent research. Six of the ten peer-reviewed contributions in Volume 62 are available to read Open Access via the webpage and on OAPEN. If you are interested in submitting a review for consideration for publication in OMBAR, please email the new co-Editors in Chief, Dr Peter Todd (dbspat@nus.edu.sg) and Dr Bayden Russell (brussell@hku.hk). Supplementary material is provided online on the Support Materials tab, for Reviews 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Volume 62 features a review of the biology, ecology and conservation threats to the Iberian harbour porpoise; a look at the potential risk to Mediterranean cetaceans and sea turtles from floating marine macro litter; an overview of the recent history and physical environment of corals in the Andaman Sea; an exploration of the population biology of Snapper fish in South Australia; and a review of historical killings of small cetaceans in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, among others. An international Editorial Board ensures global relevance and expert peer review, with editors from Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Singapore and the UK. The series volumes find a place in the libraries of not only marine laboratories and oceanographic institutes but also universities worldwide.

Published
2024
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2. Millisecond burst extractions from synchrotrons using RF phase displacement acceleration

Author

Sota, Pablo A. Arrutia, Burrows, Philip N., Fraser, Matthew A., and Velotti, Francesco M.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

FLASH radiation therapy calls for the delivery of fast bursted spills of particles with dose delivery times of the order of milliseconds. The requirements overlap with fundamental physics experimental requests that are being studied at CERN, albeit at very different energy scales. In this contribution, a scheme for extracting millisecond bursts from synchrotrons is explored by controlling a third-integer resonant and chromatic extraction with RF phase displacement acceleration. The scheme would be implementable in existing medical and experimental synchrotron facilities. Using a model of the CERN Proton Synchrotron, both single-burst and multi-burst extractions are simulated. Results show that 80 - 90% of the total beam intensity is extracted in a single burst of 40 - 60 ms. This would correspond to a ~10 ms burst in a typical medical synchrotron, namely the one outlined in the Proton Ion Medical Machine Study. A set of 3 consecutive bursts of 30 ms was simulated in the Proton Synchrotron with optimised machine parameters.

Published
2022
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3. Study of alternative locations for the SPS Beam Dump Facility

Author

Aberle, Oliver, Ahdida, Claudia, Arrutia, Pablo, Balazs, Kincso, Bernhard, Johannes, Brugger, Markus, Calviani, Marco, Dutheil, Yann, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Fraser, Matthew, Galleazzi, Frederic, Gilardoni, Simone, Grenard, Jean-Louis, Griesemer, Tina, Jacobsson, Richard, Kain, Verena, Lafarge, Damien, Marsh, Simon, Ruiz, Jose Maria Martin, Andrade, Ramiro Francisco Mena, Muttoni, Yvon, Cornago, Angel Navascues, Ninin, Pierre, Osborne, John, Ramjiawan, Rebecca, Diaz, Pablo Santos, Galan, Francisco Sanchez, Vincke, Heinz, and Vojtyla, Pavol

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

As part of the main focus of the BDF Working Group in 2021, this document reports on the study of alternative locations and possible optimisation that may accompany the reuse of existing facilities with the aim of significantly reducing the costs of the facility. Building on the BDF/SHiP Comprehensive Design Study (CDS), the assessment rests on the generic requirements and constraints that allow preserving the physics reach of the facility by making use of the $4\times 10^{19}$ protons per year at 400\,GeV that are currently not exploited at the SPS and for which no existing facility is compatible. The options considered involve the underground areas TCC4, TNC, and ECN3. Recent improvements of the BDF design at the current location (referred to as `TT90-TCC9-ECN4') are also mentioned together with ideas for yet further improvements. The assessments of the alternative locations compiled the large amount of information that is already available together with a set of conceptual studies that were performed during 2021. The document concludes with a qualitative comparison of the options, summarising the associated benefits and challenges of each option, such that a recommendation can be made about which location is to be pursued. The most critical location-specific studies required to specify the implementation and cost for each option are identified so that the detailed investigation of the retained option can be completed before the end of 2022.

Published
2022

4. Current extent and future opportunities for living shorelines in Australia

Author

Morris, Rebecca L., Campbell-Hooper, Erin, Waters, Elissa, Bishop, Melanie J., Lovelock, Catherine E., Lowe, Ryan J., Strain, Elisabeth M.A., Boon, Paul, Boxshall, Anthony, Browne, Nicola K., Carley, James T., Fest, Benedikt J., Fraser, Matthew W., Ghisalberti, Marco, Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Kendrick, Gary A., Konlechner, Teresa M., Mayer-Pinto, Mariana, Pomeroy, Andrew W.M., Rogers, Abbie A., Simpson, Viveka, Van Rooijen, Arnold A., Waltham, Nathan J., and Swearer, Stephen E.

Published
2024
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7. Using green exercise as a motivator in health management

Author

Fraser, Matthew, Munoz, Sarah-Anne, MacRury, Sandra, and Taylor, Steve

Subjects
613.7
Abstract

Green exercise has been defined as physical activity conducted in nature and has been shown to positively influence health. The aim of this thesis was to conduct original research and apply underutilised methodological approaches to enhance knowledge and generalisability around green exercise. This was achieved by investigating how the effects of green exercise and motivations differ across timescales, sub-groups of the population and different forms of green exercise. Healthy and clinical populations were sampled. Individuals living with type 2 diabetes were sampled due to the rising prevalence and the economic cost of treating the disease. Measures of affect, attention, enjoyment, future exercise intentions, perceived exertion and motivation were used throughout the thesis. Each measure was implemented to provide evidence for the use of green exercise to inform public policy and health behaviour change. The first three chapters introduce the research areas, the methodological approaches and a literature review. In Chapter 4, golf is compared to walking. The findings show that the effects of green exercise were reduced in the golf condition, due to high levels of concentration being used. A weakness of green exercise research has been the duration of interventions. Chapter 5 examined the effects of repeated bouts of green exercise and meteorological conditions. Over the 12-week intervention enjoyment and arousal were found to increase. Temperature and weather had no effect on the outcome variables. A systematic review is conducted in Chapter 6 to identify whether green exercise has been used in other research fields. The review found mixed results and a lack of available studies which used exercise in natural areas to treat type 2 diabetes. These results inform the research presented in Chapter 7 which is a case study on the responses between indoor and green exercise in individuals living with type 2 diabetes. The findings highlight the potential of green exercise to treat psychological parameters. Chapter 8 explored the motivations of green exercisers. The chapter demonstrates motivational differences exist between forms of green exercise, however enjoyment was found to be the primary motivator. A promotional video was developed and the impact of this video is presented in Chapter 9. Participant responses noted increased knowledge and motivations towards green exercise following viewing the video. The findings presented in this thesis are promising, however more research is still required to continue advancing knowledge in the field.

Published
2021

15. Enhancing biodiversity monitoring efficiency through CRISPR-driven depletion and enrichment of aquatic environmental DNA

Author

Kardailsky, Anya, primary, Durán-Vinet, Benjamín, additional, Nester, Georgia, additional, Ayad, Marcelle, additional, Raes, Eric, additional, Jeunen, Gert-Jan, additional, Miller, Allison, additional, McVey, Philip, additional, Corrigan, Shannon, additional, Fraser, Matthew, additional, Goncalves, Priscilla, additional, Burnell, Stephen, additional, Bennet, Adam, additional, Rauschert, Sebastian, additional, and Bayer, Philipp, additional

Published
2024
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21. Contributors

Author

Alex Choi, H., primary, Barrios-Anderson, Adriel, additional, Borton, David A., additional, Bryce, Thomas N., additional, Burish, Mark J., additional, Chun, Audrey, additional, Curt, Armin, additional, Luo, Z. David, additional, Detloff, Megan R., additional, Eeswara, Anjalika, additional, Farmer, Matthew A., additional, Fraser, Matthew, additional, Fridley, Jared S., additional, Gross, Suzanne, additional, Gwak, Young S., additional, Hasan, Muhammad Abul, additional, Hergenroeder, Georgene W., additional, Hernandez, Melissa, additional, Herrera, Juan J., additional, Houle, John D., additional, Hubli, Michèle, additional, Hulsebosch, Claire E., additional, Jarjees, Mohammed Sabah, additional, Jergova, Stanislava, additional, Kalashnikova, Irina V., additional, Knerlich-Lukoschus, Friederike, additional, Kramer, J.L.K., additional, Lane, Michael A., additional, Leem, Joong Woo, additional, Levi, Allan D., additional, Linde, L.D., additional, Mikesell, Alexander R., additional, Molina, Samuel T., additional, Park, Jonghyuck, additional, Purcell, Mariel, additional, Ramer, M., additional, Reier, Paul J., additional, Rosner, Jan, additional, Saab, Carl, additional, Sagen, Jacqueline, additional, Sang, Christine N., additional, Schmitt, Karl M., additional, Shea, Lonnie D., additional, Siddall, Philip, additional, Stucky, Cheryl L., additional, Vedantam, Aditya, additional, Vierck, Chuck, additional, Vuckovic, Aleksandra, additional, Walters, Edgar T., additional, and Zholudeva, Lyandysha V., additional

Published
2022
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23. Tire Wear Emissions by Highways: Impact of Season and Surface Type.

Author

Miech, Jason A., Aker, Saed, Zhang, Zhaobo, Ozer, Hasan, Fraser, Matthew P., and Herckes, Pierre

Subjects
MOTOR vehicles, AIR quality, ELECTRIC vehicles, VULCANIZATION, PAVEMENTS
Abstract

With the increasing number of electric vehicles taking to the roads, the impact of tailpipe emissions on air quality will decrease, while resuspended road dust and brake/tire wear will become more significant. This study quantified PM10 emissions from tire wear under a range of real highway conditions with measurements across different seasons and roadway surface types in Phoenix, Arizona. Tire wear was quantified in the sampled PM10 using benzothiazoles (vulcanization accelerators) as tire markers. The measured emission factors had a range of 0.005–0.22 mg km−1 veh−1 and are consistent with an earlier experimental study conducted in Phoenix. However, these results are lower than values typically found in the literature and values calculated from emissions models, such as MOVES (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator). We found no significant difference in tire wear PM10 emission factors for different surface types (asphalt vs. diamond grind concrete) but saw a significant decrease in the winter compared to the summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. InterPro in 2017—beyond protein family and domain annotations

Author

Finn, Robert D, Attwood, Teresa K, Babbitt, Patricia C, Bateman, Alex, Bork, Peer, Bridge, Alan J, Chang, Hsin-Yu, Dosztányi, Zsuzsanna, El-Gebali, Sara, Fraser, Matthew, Gough, Julian, Haft, David, Holliday, Gemma L, Huang, Hongzhan, Huang, Xiaosong, Letunic, Ivica, Lopez, Rodrigo, Lu, Shennan, Marchler-Bauer, Aron, Mi, Huaiyu, Mistry, Jaina, Natale, Darren A, Necci, Marco, Nuka, Gift, Orengo, Christine A, Park, Youngmi, Pesseat, Sebastien, Piovesan, Damiano, Potter, Simon C, Rawlings, Neil D, Redaschi, Nicole, Richardson, Lorna, Rivoire, Catherine, Sangrador-Vegas, Amaia, Sigrist, Christian, Sillitoe, Ian, Smithers, Ben, Squizzato, Silvano, Sutton, Granger, Thanki, Narmada, Thomas, Paul D, Tosatto, Silvio CE, Wu, Cathy H, Xenarios, Ioannis, Yeh, Lai-Su, Young, Siew-Yit, and Mitchell, Alex L

Subjects
Generic health relevance, Computational Biology, Databases, Protein, Humans, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Phylogeny, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, Software, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

InterPro (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/) is a freely available database used to classify protein sequences into families and to predict the presence of important domains and sites. InterProScan is the underlying software that allows both protein and nucleic acid sequences to be searched against InterPro's predictive models, which are provided by its member databases. Here, we report recent developments with InterPro and its associated software, including the addition of two new databases (SFLD and CDD), and the functionality to include residue-level annotation and prediction of intrinsic disorder. These developments enrich the annotations provided by InterPro, increase the overall number of residues annotated and allow more specific functional inferences.

Published
2017

27. The Distribution of Post-Void Residual Volumes in People Seeking Care in the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Network Observational Cohort Study With Comparison to Asymptomatic Populations

Author

Peterson, Andrew C., Smith, Abigail R., Fraser, Matthew O., Yang, Claire C., DeLancey, John O.L., Gillespie, Brenda W., Gore, John L., Talaty, Pooja, Andreev, Victor P., Kreder, Karl J., Mueller, Margaret G., Lai, H. Henry, Erickson, Bradley A., and Kirkali, Ziya

Published
2019
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28. CHARM High-Energy Ions for Microelectronics Reliability Assurance (CHIMERA)

Author

Bilko, Kacper, Alia, Ruben Garcia, Costantino, Alessandra, Coronetti, Andrea, Danzeca, Salvatore, Delrieux, Marc, Emriskova, Natalia, Fraser, Matthew Alexander, Girard, Sylvain, Johnson, Eliott Philippe, Sebban, Marc, Ravotti, Federico, and Waets, Andreas

Abstract

We present the progress related to CERN’s capacity of delivering highly penetrating, high-linear energy transfer (LET) heavy ions for radiation effect testing of electronic components within the CHARM High-energy Ions for Micro Electronics Reliability Assurance (CHIMERA) project. Profiting from the existing accelerator infrastructure, Monte Carlo simulations, and a 300- $\mu $ m-thick silicon diode, we highlight the beam characterization capabilities and a summary of the beam properties. Finally, we present the comparison of the static random access memories (SRAMs) single event effect (SEE) cross section measurements with respect to other heavy ion facilities.

Published
2024
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34. Symptom Based Clustering of Women in the LURN Observational Cohort Study

Author

Andreev, Victor P., Liu, Gang, Yang, Claire C., Smith, Abigail R., Helmuth, Margaret E., Wiseman, Jonathan B., Merion, Robert M., Weinfurt, Kevin P., Cameron, Anne P., Lai, H. Henry, Cella, David, Gillespie, Brenda W., Helfand, Brian T., Griffith, James W., DeLancey, John O.L., Fraser, Matthew O., Clemens, J. Quentin, and Kirkali, Ziya

Published
2018
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35. Beam dynamics studies of the ISOLDE post-accelerator for the high intensity and energy upgrade

Author

Fraser, Matthew Alexander and Jones, Roger

Subjects
539.73
Abstract

The High Intensity and Energy (HIE) project represents a major upgrade of the ISOLDE (On-Line Isotope Mass Separator) nuclear facility at CERN with a mandate to significantly increase the energy, intensity and quality of the radioactive nuclear beams provided to the European nuclear physics community for research at the forefront of topics such as nuclear structure physics and nuclear astrophysics. The HIE-ISOLDE project focuses on the upgrade of the existing Radioactive ion beam EXperiment (REX) post-accelerator with the addition of a 40 MV superconducting linac comprising 32 niobium sputter-coated copper quarter-wave cavities operating at 101.28 MHz and at an accelerating gradient close to 6 MV/m. The energy of post-accelerated radioactive nuclear beams will be increased from the present ceiling of 3 MeV/u to over 10 MeV/u, with full variability in energy, and will permit, amongst others, Coulomb interaction and few-nucleon transfer reactions to be carried out on the full inventory of radionuclides available at ISOLDE. In this thesis the beam dynamics of the superconducting linac is studied with a focus on identifying and mitigating the sources of beam emittance dilution. Highlights include the suppression of a parametric resonance, compensation of the beam-steering effect intrinsic to quarter-wave cavities and a study of the energy change in the cavities well below their geometric velocity using second-order transit-time factors. The studies lead to the specification and tolerances for the linac components. An extensive investigation of REX was also carried out involving rf and beam measurements that facilitated the benchmarking of the beam dynamics codes that were used to design the matching sections and ensure the compatibility of the upgrade. In addition, a solid-state diagnostics system was developed as a tool to aid the quick and eventually automated tuning of the large number of cavities that will accompany the upgrade.

Published
2012

41. The cycle of seagrass life: From flowers to new meadows

Author

Kendrick, Gary A., primary, Cambridge, Marion L., additional, Orth, Robert J., additional, Fraser, Matthew W., additional, Hovey, Renae K., additional, Statton, John, additional, Pattiaratchi, Charitha B., additional, and Sinclair, Elizabeth A., additional

Published
2023
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42. Exploring the data that explores the oceans: working towards robust eDNA workflows for ocean wildlife monitoring

Author

Pearce, Jessica, primary, Bayer, Philipp, additional, Bennett, Adam, additional, Raes, Eric, additional, Ayad, Marcelle, additional, Corrigan, Shannon, additional, Fraser, Matthew, additional, Anderson, Denise, additional, Goncalves, Priscila, additional, Callahan, Benjamin, additional, Bunce, Michael, additional, Burnell, Stephen, additional, and Rauschert, Sebastian, additional

Published
2023
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44. Deep meadows: Deep‐water seagrass habitats revealed

Author

Martin, Belinda C., primary, Giraldo‐Ospina, Ana, additional, Bell, Sahira, additional, Cambridge, Marion, additional, Fraser, Matthew W., additional, Gibbons, Brooke, additional, Harvey, Euan S., additional, Kendrick, Gary A., additional, Langlois, Tim, additional, Spencer, Claude, additional, and Hovey, Renae K., additional

Published
2023
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45. CERN Super Proton Synchrotron Radiation Environment and Related Radiation Hardness Assurance Implications

Author

Biłko, Kacper, primary, Alía, Rubén García, additional, Francesca, Diego Di, additional, Aguiar, Ygor, additional, Danzeca, Salvatore, additional, Gilardoni, Simone, additional, Girard, Sylvain, additional, Esposito, Luigi Salvatore, additional, Fraser, Matthew Alexander, additional, Mazzola, Giuseppe, additional, Ricci, Daniel, additional, Sebban, Marc, additional, and Velotti, Francesco Maria, additional

Published
2023
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48. Effects of dredging on critical ecological processes for marine invertebrates, seagrasses and macroalgae, and the potential for management with environmental windows using Western Australia as a case study

Author

Fraser, Matthew W., Short, Jessie, Kendrick, Gary, McLean, Dianne, Keesing, John, Byrne, Maria, Caley, M. Julian, Clarke, Doug, Davis, Andrew R., Erftemeijer, Paul L.A., Field, Stuart, Gustin-Craig, Sam, Huisman, John, Keough, Mick, Lavery, Paul S., Masini, Ray, McMahon, Kathryn, Mengersen, Kerrie, Rasheed, Michael, Statton, John, Stoddart, Jim, and Wu, Paul

Published
2017
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