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2. Kronoseismology V: A Panoply of Waves in Saturn's C Ring Driven by High-Order Internal Planetary Oscillations

Author

French, R. G., Bridges, B., Hedman, M. M., Nicholson, P. D., Mankovich, C., and McGhee-French, C. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Saturn's rings act as a system of innumerable test particles that are remarkably sensitive to periodic disturbances in the planet's gravitational field. We identify 15 additional density and bending waves in Saturn's C ring driven by the planet's internal normal mode oscillations. Taking advantage of a highly accurate absolute radius scale for the rings, we are able to detect weak, high-wavenumber (up to m=14) waves with km-scale radial wavelengths. From a systematic scan of the entire C ring, we report the discovery and identification of 11 new Outer Lindblad Resonances (OLRs), two counterpart inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs), and two new Outer Vertical Resonances (OVRs). The close agreement of the observed resonance locations and wave rotation rates with the predictions of models of Saturn's interior suggests that all of the new waves are driven by Saturnian f-mode oscillations. As classified by their spherical harmonic shapes, the modes in question range in azimuthal wavenumber from m=8 to 14, with associated resonance orders l-m ranging from 0 to 8, where l is the overall angular wavenumber of the mode. Our suite of detections for l-m=4 is now complete from m=8 to m=14. Curiously, detections with l-m=2 are less common. These newly-identified non-sectoral waves sample latitudinal as well as radial structure within the planet and may thus provide valuable constraints on Saturn's differential rotation. Allowing for the fact that the two ILR-type waves appear to be due to the same normal modes as two of the OLR-type waves, the 13 additional modes identified here bring to 34 the number of distinct f-modes suitable for constraining interior models., Comment: Accepted for publication in Icarus

Published
2021
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5. Solutions to Reduce the Fragmentation of Care Between Intensive and Primary Care to Improve the Quality of Critical Care Survivorship

Author

Leggett, N., primary, Emery, K., additional, Rollinson, T.C., additional, Deane, A., additional, French, C., additional, Manski-Nankervis, J.-A., additional, Eastwood, G., additional, Miles, B., additional, Witherspoon, S., additional, Stewart, J., additional, Merolli, M., additional, Ali Abdelhamid, Y., additional, and Haines, K.J., additional

Published
2024
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6. Digital Peer Support for ICU Survivors (icuRESOLVE): A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial

Author

Leggett, N., primary, Ali Abdelhamid, Y., additional, Bates, S., additional, Bicknell, E., additional, Booth, S., additional, Carmody, J., additional, Deane, A., additional, Dimopoulos, S., additional, Emery, K., additional, Farley, K.J., additional, French, C., additional, Harhay, M.O., additional, Ip, K., additional, Karahalios, E., additional, Kim, D., additional, Merolli, M., additional, Miles, B., additional, Robertson, T., additional, and Haines, K.J., additional

Published
2024
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10. Bench to bedside? : boundary spanning in Academic Health Science Centres

Author

French, C. E., Fulop, N. J., and Ferlie, E.

Subjects
610
Abstract

The problem of mobilising research generated knowledge into practice has received increasing attention from policy makers and scholars internationally. Academic Health Science Centres (AHSCs) are partnerships between universities and hospitals which aim to use research discoveries to improve patient care. Despite their complexity and recent international spread, they have not received much attention from social science. This thesis, as a study of this emergent organisational form, contributes to addressing this gap. It conceptualises the ‘bench to bedside’ knowledge mobilisation process within two English AHSC cases as ‘boundary work’ between the domains of research and clinical practice. By analysing qualitative data collected through semi structured interviews (48), observations (130+ hours) and documentary analysis at micro (research/clinical teams) and meso (organisational) levels, it addressed the research question: What boundary processes mobilise knowledge within Academic Health Science Centres? Epistemic, professional and organisational framings were all important conceptualisations of the research/clinical practice boundary. Epistemic elements motivated knowledge mobilisation, with organisational boundaries often proving least permeable. The most effective boundary work encompassed all three. Networked forms of governance prevailed at the organisational level. Joint fields of practice emerged at the micro level with key (instrumental and symbolic) spanning mechanisms including professional hybrids as boundary spanners (e.g. clinician scientists), and objects (e.g. shared data). The ‘bench to bedside’ heuristic operated as an overarching boundary concept, motivationally powerful yet vague enough to bring together diverse groups. This study is one of few to consider the early development of AHSCs from a social science perspective. It contributes empirically and theoretically to the knowledge mobilisation and boundary literature by focussing analysis on the research and clinical practice boundary (as a space for new practice) and the people and objects that work across it, particularly centring on the under-researched role of organisation in this process.

Published
2016

14. Sequential pregnancies among women living with HIV in the United Kingdom and Ireland

Author

French, C. E.

Subjects
618.92
Abstract

This thesis investigates the epidemiology of sequential pregnancies among HIV-positive women in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and explores the health, therapeutic and obstetric management, and pregnancy outcomes, of the women experiencing them. Data from the UK and Ireland’s National Study of HIV in Pregnancy and Childhood (NSHPC) are analysed. This is a well-established, active, comprehensive national surveillance study with over 1500 pregnancies currently reported each year. The findings demonstrate that a substantial and increasing proportion of pregnancies are women’s second or subsequent since their HIV diagnosis (39% in 2009), with a rate of 6.7 (95% CI: 6.5-6.9) per 100 woman-years during 1990-2009. Analyses revealed potential missed opportunities for the timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in this group of previously diagnosed women, both within and outside the context of pregnancy. Variations in women’s engagement with HIV and pregnancy-related care are explored. In the contemporary context of effective prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions there are unanswered questions around the optimal management of HIV-positive women of childbearing age. Exposure to short-course protease inhibitor-based combination ART for PMTCT did not impact on response to therapy in subsequent pregnancies, supporting current UK recommendations. However, analyses of the immunological status and virological outcomes in second pregnancies to women not on ART at conception suggest that initiating lifelong ART in pregnancy may have benefits for maternal health and the risk of vertical transmission in future pregnancies. Adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes are investigated among women’s repeat pregnancies, which were for example, more likely to be conceived on ART than index pregnancies. Finally, patterns in mode of delivery for women’s sequential births are explored. The analyses presented in this thesis inform the evidence-base for the effective management of HIV-positive women in the context of current and potential future pregnancies.

Published
2014

15. Visual perception as a means of knowing

Author

French, C.

Subjects
100
Abstract

This thesis falls into two parts, a characterizing part, and an explanatory part. In the first part, I outline some of the core aspects of our ordinary understanding of visual perception, and how we regard it as a means of knowing. What explains the fact that I know that the lemon before me is yellow is my visual perception: I know that the lemon is yellow because I can see it. Some explanations of how one knows specify that in virtue of which one genuinely knows, as opposed to merely believes, some content. Such explanations are epistemically satisfactory explanations. We think that visual perceptual explanations of knowledge can be epistemically satisfactory. I argue that that is what it is to regard visual perception as being among our means of knowing. In the second part, I explore how we might explain the fact that visual perception is a means of knowing (assuming that it is a fact). I ask what makes it the case that visual perception is a means of knowing (in the way we ordinarily think that it is)? I suggest that part of the answer to this question is that visual perception, given the nature it has, has a reason giving role. And that is just to say that the nature of visual perception is such that visually perceiving can ensure the satisfaction of some important condition on knowledge (namely, that if one knows that something is the case one must have a good reason to believe that it is the case). In concluding I suggest that giving this sort of explanation doesn't require a specific theory of perception.

Published
2012

33. Co-designed Peer Support to Improve Critical Care Recovery: ICU RESOLVE Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial

Author

Haines, K.J., primary, Hibbert, E., additional, Leggett, N., additional, Ali Abdelhamid, Y., additional, Bates, S., additional, Bicknell, E., additional, Booth, S., additional, Carmody, J., additional, Deane, A., additional, Emery, K., additional, Farley, K., additional, French, C., additional, Holdsworth, C., additional, MacLeod-Smith, B., additional, Skinner, E.H., additional, and Iwashyna, T.J., additional

Published
2023
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34. The Top Ten Research Priorities For Home Parenteral Support

Author

Sowerbutts, A.M., primary, Lal, S., additional, Pironi, L., additional, Jones, D., additional, French, C., additional, Riis, M., additional, Clamp, A., additional, McCracken, J., additional, Williamson, L., additional, Wheatley, C., additional, Johnson, B., additional, and Burden, S., additional

Published
2023
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35. Dorstone Hill: A Neolithic timescape

Author

Ray, K, Thomas, J, Overton, N, Griffiths, S, Hoverd, T, Allen, MJ, Barclay, A, Birchenall, J, Challinor, D, French, C, Healey, E, Ixer, R, Roseveare, A, Roseveare, M, Rovira, IG, Stanford, A, Wiltshire, I, Ray, K, Thomas, J, Overton, N, Griffiths, S, Hoverd, T, Allen, MJ, Barclay, A, Birchenall, J, Challinor, D, French, C, Healey, E, Ixer, R, Roseveare, A, Roseveare, M, Rovira, IG, Stanford, A, and Wiltshire, I

Abstract

Studies of early fourth-millennium BC Britain have typically focused on the Early Neolithic sites of Wessex and Orkney; what can the investigation of sites located in areas beyond these core regions add? The authors report on excavations (2011-2019) at Dorstone Hill in Herefordshire, which have revealed a remarkable complex of Early Neolithic monuments: three long barrows constructed on the footprints of three timber buildings that had been deliberately burned, plus a nearby causewayed enclosure. A Bayesian chronological model demonstrates the precocious character of many of the site's elements and strengthens the evidence for the role of tombs and houses/halls in the creation and commemoration of foundational social groups in Neolithic Britain.

Published
2023

36. The effect of recombinant erythropoietin on long-term outcome after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.

Author

Skrifvars, MB, Luethi, N, Bailey, M, French, C, Nichol, A, Trapani, T, McArthur, C, Arabi, YM, Bendel, S, Cooper, DJ, Bellomo, R, EPO-TBI Investigators, the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, Skrifvars, MB, Luethi, N, Bailey, M, French, C, Nichol, A, Trapani, T, McArthur, C, Arabi, YM, Bendel, S, Cooper, DJ, Bellomo, R, and EPO-TBI Investigators, the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group

Abstract

PURPOSE: Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) administered for traumatic brain injury (TBI) may increase short-term survival, but the long-term effect is unknown. METHODS: We conducted a pre-planned long-term follow-up of patients in the multicentre erythropoietin in TBI trial (2010-2015). We invited survivors to follow-up and evaluated survival and functional outcome with the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) (categories 5-8 = good outcome), and secondly, with good outcome determined relative to baseline function (sliding scale). We used survival analysis to assess time to death and absolute risk differences (ARD) to assess favorable outcomes. We categorized TBI severity with the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI model. Heterogeneity of treatment effects were assessed with interaction p-values based on the following a priori defined subgroups, the severity of TBI, and the presence of an intracranial mass lesion and multi-trauma in addition to TBI. RESULTS: Of 603 patients in the original trial, 487 patients had survival data; 356 were included in the follow-up at a median of 6 years from injury. There was no difference between treatment groups for patient survival [EPO vs placebo hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 (0.47-1.14) p = 0.17]. Good outcome rates were 110/175 (63%) in the EPO group vs 100/181 (55%) in the placebo group (ARD 8%, 95% CI [Formula: see text] 3 to 18%, p = 0.14). When good outcome was determined relative to baseline risk, the EPO groups had better GOSE (sliding scale ARD 12%, 95% CI 2-22%, p = 0.02). When considering long-term patient survival, there was no evidence for heterogeneity of treatment effect (HTE) according to severity of TBI (p = 0.85), presence of an intracranial mass lesion (p = 0.48), or whether the patient had multi-trauma in addition to TBI (p = 0.08). Similarly, no evidence of treatment heterogeneity was seen for the effect of EPO on functional outcome. CONCLUSION: EP

Published
2023

39. Long-term (180-day) outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP randomized clinical trial

Author

Florescu, S, Stanciu, D, Zaharia, M, Kosa, A, Codreanu, D, Kidwai, A, Masood, S, Kaye, C, Coutts, A, MacKay, L, Summers, C, Polgarova, P, Farahi, N, Fox, E, McWilliam, S, Hawcutt, D, Rad, L, O’Malley, L, Whitbread, J, Jones, D, Dore, R, Saunderson, P, Kelsall, O, Cowley, N, Wild, L, Thrush, J, Wood, H, Austin, K, Bélteczki, J, Magyar, I, Fazekas, Á, Kovács, S, Szőke, V, Donnelly, A, Kelly, M, Smyth, N, O’Kane, S, McClintock, D, Warnock, M, Campbell, R, McCallion, E, Azaiz, A, Charron, C, Godement, M, Geri, G, Vieillard-Baron, A, Johnson, P, McKenna, S, Hanley, J, Currie, A, Allen, B, McGoldrick, C, McMaster, M, Mani, A, Mathew, M, Kandeepan, R, Vignesh, C, TV, B, Ramakrishnan, N, James, A, Elvira, E, Jayakumar, D, Pratheema, R, Babu, S, Ebenezer, R, Krishnaoorthy, S, Ranganathan, L, Ganesan, M, Shree, M, Guilder, E, Butler, M, Cowdrey, K-A, Robertson, M, Ali, F, McMahon, E, Duffy, E, Chen, Y, Simmonds, C, McConnochie, R, O’Connor, C, El-Khawas, K, Richardson, A, Hill, D, Commons, R, Abdelkharim, H, Saxena, M, Muteithia, M, Dobell-Brown, K, Jha, R, Kalogirou, M, Ellis, C, Krishnamurthy, V, O’Connor, A, Thurairatnam, S, Mukherjee, D, Kaliappan, A, Vertue, M, Nicholson, A, Riches, J, Maloney, G, Kittridge, L, Solesbury, A, Ramos, A, Collins, D, Brickell, K, Reid, L, Smyth, M, Breen, P, Spain, S, Curley, G, McEvoy, N, Geoghegan, P, Clarke, J, Silversides, J, McGuigan, P, Ward, K, O’Neill, A, Finn, S, Wright, C, Green, J, Collins, É, Knott, C, Smith, J, Boschert, C, Slieker, K, Ewalds, E, Sanders, A, Wittenberg, W, Geurts, H, Poojara, L, Sara, T, Nand, K, Reeve, B, Dechert, W, Phillips, B, Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, L, Affleck, J, Shaikh, A, Murray, A, Ramanan, M, Frakking, T, Pinnell, J, Robinson, M, Gledhill, L, Wood, T, Sanghavi, R, Bhonagiri, D, Ford, M, Parikh, HG, Avard, B, Nourse, M, McDonald, B, Edmunds, N, Hoiting, O, Peters, M, Rengers, E, Evers, M, Prinssen, A, Morgan, M, Cole, J, Hill, H, Davies, M, Williams, A, Thomas, E, Davies, R, Wise, M, Grimm, P, Soukup, J, Wetzold, R, Löbel, M, Starke, L, Lellouche, F, Lizotte, P, Declerq, P, Antoine, M, Stephanie, G, Jean-Pierre, E, François, B, Marion, B, Philippe, R, Pourcine, F, Monchi, M, Luis, D, Mercier, R, Sagnier, A, Verrier, N, Caplin, C, Richecoeu, J, Combaux, D, Siami, S, Aparicio, C, Vautier, S, Jeblaoui, A, Lemaire-Brunel, D, D'Aragon, F, Carbonneau, E, Leblond, J, Plantefeve, G, Leparco, C, Contou, D, Fartoukh, M, Courtin, L, Labbe, V, Voiriot, G, Salhi, S, Chassé, M, Carrier, F, Boumahni, D, Benettaib, F, Ghamraoui, A, Sement, A, Gachet, A, Hanisch, A, Haffiane, A, Boivin, A-H, Barreau, A, Guerineau, E, Poupblanc, S, Egreteau, P, Lefevre, M, Bocher, S, Le Loup, G, Le Guen, L, Carn, V, Bertel, M, Antcliffe, D, Templeton, M, Rojo, R, Coghlan, P, Smee, J, Barker, G, Finn, A, Kreb, G, Hoff, U, Hinrichs, C, Nee, J, Mackay, E, Cort, J, Whileman, A, Spencer, T, Spittle, N, Beavis, S, Padmakumar, A, Dale, K, Hawes, J, Moakes, E, Gascoyne, R, Pritchard, K, Stevenson, L, Cooke, J, Nemeth-Roszpopa, K, Gauli, B, Bastola, S, Muller, G, Nay, M-A, Kamel, T, Benzekri, D, Jacquier, S, Runge, I, Mathonnet, A, Barbier, F, Bretagnol, A, Carter, J, Van Der Heyden, K, Mehrtens, J, Morris, A, Morgan, S, Burke, T, Mercier, E, Chartier, D, Salmon, C, Dequin, P-F, Garot, D, Bellemare, D, Cloutier, È, Daher, R, Costerousse, O, Boulanger, M-C, Couillard-Chénard, É, Lauzier, F, Francoeur, C, Francois, B, Gay, A, Anne-Laure, F, Ramali, M, HC, O, Ghosh, A, Osagie, R, Arachchige, M, Hartley, M, Cheung, W, Wong, H, Seigne, P, Eustace, J, O'Callaghan, A-M, O'Brien, F, Bamford, P, Reid, A, Cawley, K, Faulkner, M, Pickering, C, Raj, A, Tsinaslanidis, G, Khade, R, Agha, G, Sekiwala, R, Smith, T, Brewer, C, Gregory, J, Limb, J, Cowton, A, O’Brien, J, Postlethwaite, K, Malakouti, S, Music, E, Ricketts, D, King, A, Clermont, G, Bart, R, Mayr, F, Schoenling, A, Andreae, M, Shetty, V, Brant, E, Malley, B, Donadee, C, Sackrowitz, R, Weissman, A, Yealy, D, Barton, D, Talia, N, Nikitas, N, Wells, C, Lankester, L, McMillan, H, Van den Oever, H, Kruisdijk-Gerritsen, A, Haidar, G, Bain, W, Barbash, I, Fitzpatrick, M, Franz, C, Kitsios, G, Moghbeli, K, Rosborough, B, Shah, F, Suber, T, Pulletz, M, Williams, P, Birch, J, Wiseman, S, Horton, S, Alegria, A, Turki, S, Elsefi, T, Crisp, N, Allen, L, Truman, N, Smith, M, Chukkambotla, S, Goddard, W, Duberley, S, Khan, M, Kazi, A, Simpson, J, Duke, G, Chan, P, Carter, B, Hunter, S, Voigt, I, Schueler, R, Blank, E, Hüning, V, Steffen, M, Goralski, P, Litton, E, Regli, A, Pellicano, S, Palermo, A, Eroglu, E, Bihari, S, Laver, RD, Jin, X, Brown, J, McIntyre, J, French, C, Bates, S, Towns, M, Yang, Y, McGain, F, McCullagh, I, Cairns, T, Hanson, H, Patel, B, Clement, I, Evetts, G, Touma, O, Holland, S, Hodge, C, Taylor, H, Alderman, M, Barnes, N, Da Rocha, J, Smith, C, Brooks, N, Weerasinghe, T, Sinclair, J-A, Abusamra, Y, Doherty, R, Cudlipp, J, Singh, R, Yu, H, Daebis, A, Ng, C, Kendrick, S, Saran, A, Makky, A, Greener, D, Rowe-Leete, L, Edwards, A, Bland, Y, Dolman, R, Foster, T, Laffey, J, McNicholas, B, Scully, M, Casey, S, Kernan, M, Brennan, A, Rangan, R, Tully, R, Corbett, S, McCarthy, A, Duffy, O, Burke, D, Linnett, V, Sanderson, A, Ritzema, J, Wild, H, Lucas, R, Marriott, Y, Andric, Z, Cviljevic, S, Br, R, Zapalac, M, Mirković, G, Khare, D, Pinder, M, Gopinath, A, Kannan, T, Dean, S, Vanmali, P, Depuydt, P, De Waele, J, De Bus, L, Fierens, J, Bracke, S, Vermassen, J, Vermeiren, D, Pugh, R, Lean, R, Qiu, X, Scanlan, J, Evans, A, Davies, G, Lewis, J, Plesnikova, Y, Khoud, A, Coetzee, S, Puxty, K, Cathcart, S, Rimmer, D, Bagot, C, Scott, K, Martin, L, Yusuff, H, Isgro, G, Brightling, C, Bourne, M, Craner, M, Boyles, R, Alexander, B, Roberts, T, Nelli, A, Rosenstein-Sisson, R, Speyer, R, Pech, Y, McCullough, J, Tallott, M, Vazquez-Grande, G, Marten, N, Liu, T, Siddiqui, A, Khanal, S, Amatya, S, Szakmany, T, Cherian, S, Williams, G, James, C, Waters, A, Prout, R, Stedman, R, Davies, L, Pegler, S, Kyeremeh, L, Moorhouse, L, Arbane, G, Marotti, M, Bociek, A, Campos, S, Van Nieuwkoop, K, Ottens, T, Visser, Y, Van den Berg, L, Van der Kraan-Donker, A, Brett, S, Arias, S, Hall, R, Paneru, H, Koirala, S, Paudel, P, Wilson, M, Vaara, S, Pettilä, L, Heinonen, J, Pettilä, V, Jain, S, Gupta, A, Holbrook, C, Antoine, P, Meziani, F, Allam, H, Cattelan, J, Clere-Jehl, R, Helms, J, Kummerlen, C, Merdji, H, Monnier, A, Rahmani, H, Studer, A, Schneider, F, Castelain, V, Morel, G, L’Hotellier, S, Ochin, E, Vanjak, C, Rouge, P, Bendjemar, L, Albert, M, Serri, K, Cavayas, A, Duplaix, M, Williams, V, Catorze, NJTADS, Pereira, TNAL, Ferreira, RMC, Bastos, JMPS, Batista, TMO, Badie, J, Berdaguer, F, Malfroy, S, Mezher, C, Bourgoin, C, Moneger, G, Bouvier, E, Muñoz-Bermúdez, R, Marin-Corral, J, Degracia, A, Gómez, F, López, M, Aceto, R, Aghemo, A, Badalamenti, S, Brunetta, E, Cecconi, M, Ciccarelli, M, Constantini, E, Greco, M, Folci, M, Selmi, C, Voza, A, Henning, J, Bonner, S, Hugill, K, Cirstea, E, Wilkinson, D, Jones, J, Altomy, M, Karlikowski, M, Sutherland, H, Wilhelmsen, E, Woods, J, North, J, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Ankert, J, Kolanos, S, Bloos, F, Simons, K, Van Zuylen, T, Bouman, A, Kumar, N, Panwar, R, Poulter, A-L, Sunkara, K, Szigligeti, G, Leszkoven, J, Rochwerg, B, Karachi, T, Oczkowski, S, Centofanti, J, Millen, T, Sundaran, D, Hollos, L, Turns, M, Walsh, J, Al Qasim, E, Alswaidan, L, Hegazy, M, Arishi, H, Al Amri, A, AlQahtani, S, Naidu, B, Tlayjeh, H, Hussain, S, Al Enezi, F, Abdukahil, SA, Hopkins, P, Noble, H, O’Reilly, K, Mehta, R, Wong, O, Makanju, E, Rao, D, Sikondari, N, Saha, S, Corcoran, E, Pappa, E, Cockrell, M, Donegan, C, Balaie, M, Nickoleit-Bitzenberger, D, Schaaf, B, Meermeier, W, Prebeg, K, Azzaui, H, Hower, M, Brieger, K-G, Elender, C, Sabelhaus, T, Riepe, A, Akamp, C, Kremling, J, Klein, D, Landsiedel-Mechenbier, E, Laha, S, Verlander, M, Jha, A, Megarbane, B, Voicu, S, Deye, N, Malissin, I, Sutterlin, L, Mrad, A, Lehalleur, A, Naim, G, Nguyen, P, Ekhérian, J-M, Boué, Y, Sidéris, G, Vodovar, D, Guérin, E, Grant, C, Brain, M, Mineall, S, Paramasivam, E, Wilby, E, Ogg, B, Howcroft, C, Aspinwall, A, Charlton, S, Gould, R, Mistry, D, Awan, S, Bedford, C, Carr-Wilkinson, J, Hall, A, Gardiner-Hill, C, Maloney, C, Brunskill, N, Watchorn, O, Hardy, C, Qureshi, H, Flint, N, Nicholson, S, Southin, S, Ghattaoraya, A, Harding, D, O’Halloran, S, Collins, A, Smith, E, Trues, E, Borgatta, B, Turner-Bone, I, Reddy, A, Wilding, L, Wilson, C, Surti, Z, Aneman, A, Miller, J, White, H, Estensen, K, Morrison, L, Sutton, J, Cooper, M, Warnapura, L, Agno, R, Sathianathan, P, Shaw, D, Ijaz, N, Spong, A, Sabaretnam, S, Burns, D, Lang, E, Tate, M, Fischer, R, Biradar, V, Soar, N, Golden, D, Davey, M, Seaman, R, Osborne, A, Bannard-Smith, J, Clark, R, Birchall, K, Henry, J, Pomeroy, F, Quayle, R, Wylie, K, Sukuraman, A, John, M, Sibin, S, Leditschke, A, Finnis, M, Jongebloed, K, Khwaja, K, Campisi, J, Van Vonderen, M, Pietersma, M, Vrolijk, L, Kampschreur, L, Van Gulik, L, Makowski, A, Misztal, B, Haider, S, Liao, A, Squires, R, Oborska, A, Kayani, A, Kalchko-Veyssal, S, Prabakaran, R, Hadebe, B, KalchkoVeyssal, S, Williams, T, Song, R, Morpeth, S, Lai, V, Habraken, H, Stewart, R, Mwaura, E, Mew, L, Wren, L, Willams, F, Sutherland, S-B, Rebello, R, Shehabi, Y, Al-Bassam, W, Hulley, A, Kadam, U, Sathianathan, K, Innes, R, Doble, P, Graham, L, Shovelton, C, Dean, T, Salahuddin, N, Aryal, D, Koirala, K, Rai, N, Luitel, S, Seppelt, I, Whitehead, C, Lowrey, J, Gresham, R, Masters, K, Hamlyn, V, Hawkins, N, Roynon-Reed, A, Cutler, S, Lewis, S, Lazaro, J, Newman, T, Aravindan, L, Asghar, A, Bartholomew, J, Bayne, M, Beddows, S, Birch, C, Brend, M, Byrne, R, Campbell, D, Campbell, H, Chambers, E, Clinton, A, Collins, J, Crawshaw, S, Dawson, LA, Donaldson, K, Drake, C, Dyas, S, Ellis, Y, Gilmour, K, Goodwin, J, Halden, S, Hall, AS, Hanson, J, Harper, H, Harrison, S, Hayes, A, Hodgson, H, Hurford, S-A, Jackson, S, Levett, C, Lock, S, Lockett, T, Logan, M, 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S, Wetherill, B, Brajković, A, Babel, J, Sever, H, Dragija, L, Kušan, I, Dushianthan, A, Cusack, R, De Courcy-Golder, K, Salmon, K, Burnish, R, Smith, S, Ruiz, W, Duke, Z, Johns, M, Male, M, Gladas, K, Virdee, S, Swabe, J, Tomlinson, H, Rohde, G, Grünewaldt, A, Bojunga, J, Petros, S, Kunz, K, Schütze, B, Weismann, D, Frey, A, Drayss, M, Goebeler, ME, Flor, T, Fragner, G, Wahl, N, Totzke, J, Sayehli, C, Hakak, S, Altaf, W, O'Sullivan, M, Murphy, A, Walsh, L, Rega La Valle, A, Bewley, J, Sweet, K, Grimmer, L, Johnson, R, Wyatt, R, Morgan, K, Varghese, S, Willis, J, Stratton, E, Kyle, L, Putensen, D, Drury, K, Skorko, A, Bremmer, P, Ward, G, Bassford, C, Sligl, W, Baig, N, Rewa, O, Bagshaw, S, Basile, K, Stavor, D, Burbee, D, McNamara, A, Wunderley, R, Bensen, N, Adams, P, Vita, T, Buhay, M, Scholl, D, Gilliam, M, Winters, J, Doherty, K, Berryman, E, Ghaffari, M, Marroquin, O, Quinn, K, Garrard, W, Kalchthaler, K, Beard, G, Skrtich, A, Bagavathy, K, Drapola, D, Bryan-Morris, K, Arnold, J, Reynolds, B, Hussain, M, Dunsavage, J, Saiyed, S, Hernandez, E, Goldman, J, Brown, C, Comp, S, Raczek, J, Morris, J, Vargas Jr., J, Weiss, D, Hensley, J, Kochert, E, Wnuk, C, Nemeth, C, Mowery, B, Hutchinson, C, Winters, L, McAdams, D, Walker, G, Minnier, T, Wisniewski, M, Mayak, K, McCreary, E, Bariola, R, Viehman, A, Daley, J, Lopus, A, Schmidhofer, M, Ambrosino, R, Keen, S, Toffalo, S, Stambaugh, M, Trimmer, K, Perri, R, Casali, S, Medva, R, Massar, B, Beyerl, A, Burkey, J, Keeler, S, Lowery, M, Oncea, L, Daugherty, J, Sevilla, C, Woelke, A, Dice, J, Weber, L, Roth, J, Ferringer, C, Beer, D, Fesz, J, Carpio, L, Colin, G, Zinzoni, V, Maquigneau, N, Henri-Lagarrigue, M, Pouplet, C, Reill, L, Distler, M, Maselli, A, Martynoga, R, Trask, K, Butler, A, Attwood, B, Parsons, P, Campbell, B, Smith, A, Page, V, Zhao, X, Oza, D, Abrahamson, G, Sheath, B, Young, P, Young, C, Lesona, E, Navarra, L, Cruz, R, Delaney, K, Aguilar-Dano, A, Gojanovic, M, Rhodes, J, Anderson, T, Morris, S, Nayyar, V, 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Scheepstra-Beukers, I, Schreuder, G, Smit, A, Brillinger, N, Markgraf, R, Eichinger, F, Doran, P, Anjum, A, Best-Lane, J, Barton, F, Miller, L, Richards-Belle, A, Saull, M, Sprinckmoller, S, Wiley, D, Darnell, R, Au, C, Lindstrum, K, Cheng, A, Forbes, A, Heritier, S, Trapani, T, Cuthbertson, B, Manoharan, V, Dondrop, A, Tolppa, T, Ehrmann, S, Hullegie, S, Povoa, P, Beasley, R, Daneman, N, McGloughlin, S, Paterson, D, Venkatesh, B, De Jong, M, Uyeki, T, Baillie, K, Netea, M, Orr, K, Patanwala, A, Tong, S, Cooper, N, Galea, J, Leavis, H, Ogungbenro, K, Patawala, A, Rademaker, E, Youngstein, T, Carrier, M, Fergusson, D, Hunt, B, Kumar, A, Laffan, M, Lother, S, Middeldorp, S, Stanworth, S, De Man, A, Masse, M-H, Abraham, J, Arnold, D, Begin, P, Charlewood, R, Chasse, M, Coyne, M, Daly, J, Gosbell, I, Harvala-Simmonds, H, MacLennan, S, McDyer, J, Menon, D, Pridee, N, Roberts, D, Thomas, H, Tinmouth, A, Triulzi, D, Walsh, T, Wood, E, Calfee, C, O’Kane, C, Shyamsundar, M, Sinha, P, Thompson, T, Young, I, Burrell, A, Ferguson, N, Hodgson, C, Orford, N, Phua, J, Baron, R, Epelman, S, Frankfurter, C, Gommans, F, Kim, E, Leaf, D, Vaduganathan, M, Van Kimmenade, R, Sanil, A, Van Beurden, M, Effelaar, E, Schotsman, J, Boyd, C, Harland, C, Shearer, A, Wren, J, Attanayaka, U, Darshana, S, Ishani, P, Udayanga, I, Higgins, AM, Berry, LR, Lorenzi, E, Murthy, S, McQuilten, Z, Mouncey, PR, Al-Beidh, F, Annane, D, Arabi, YM, Beane, A, Van Bentum-Puijk, W, Bhimani, Z, Bonten, MJM, Bradbury, CA, Brunkhorst, FM, Buzgau, A, Buxton, M, Charles, WN, Cove, M, Detry, MA, Estcourt, LJ, Fagbodun, EO, Fitzgerald, M, Girard, TD, Goligher, EC, Goossens, H, Haniffa, R, Hills, T, Horvat, CM, Huang, DT, Ichihara, N, Lamontagne, F, Marshall, JC, McAuley, DF, McGlothlin, A, McGuinness, SP, McVerry, BJ, Neal, MD, Nichol, AD, Parke, RL, Parker, JC, Parry-Billings, K, Peters, SEC, Reyes, LF, Rowan, KM, Saito, H, Santos, MS, Saunders, CT, Serpa-Neto, A, Seymour, CW, Shankar-Hari, M, Stronach, LM, Turgeon, AF, Turner, AM, Van de Veerdonk, FL, Zarychanski, R, Green, C, Lewis, RJ, Angus, DC, McArthur, CJ, Berry, S, Derde, LPG, Gordon, AC, Webb, SA, Lawler, PR, Comm REMAP-CAP Investigators, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Intensive Care Medicine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pittsburgh Foundation, PF, Amgen, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 101003589, Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, TBCRC, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 158584, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, HSF, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: 1101719, APP194811, CS-2016-16-011, GNT2008447, RP-2015-06-18, Office of Health and Medical Research, OHMR, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Eisai, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, Funding/Support : The Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-) emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium by the European Union, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 (#602525), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Research response (RECOVER) consortium by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (#101003589), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (#APP1101719), the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (#APP2002132), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (#16/631), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program Grant (#158584) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research COVID-19 Rapid Research Funding (#447335), the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN 2014-012), the UPMC Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-20-0147), the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (215522), the Minderoo Foundation, the EU Programme Emergency Support Instrument, the NHS Blood and Transplant Research and Development Programme, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the NSW Office of Health and Medical Research, Amgen, Eisai, and the Pittsburgh Foundation. Dr Higgins is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (GNT2008447). Dr McQuilten is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (APP194811). Dr Gordon is funded by an NIHR Research Professorship (RP-2015-06-18) and Dr Shankar-Hari by an NIHR Clinician Scientist Fellowship (CS-2016-16-011). Dr Turgeon is the Chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in Critical Care Neurology and Trauma. Dr Lawler is supported by a career award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada., and European Project: 602525,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,PREPARE(2014)

Subjects
Adult, Male, corticosteroid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Critical Illness, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], antiplatelet, Lopinavir, Adaptive platform trial randomized controlled trial intensive care, pneumonia COVID-19 antiplatelet immunoglobulin antiviral corticosteroid immune modulation anticoagulation, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Humans, anticoagulation, intensive care, pneumonia, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Original Investigation, Medicine(all), immune modulation, Ritonavir, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Anticoagulants, Bayes Theorem, General Medicine, Middle Aged, antiviral, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Adaptive platform trial, randomized controlled trial, Female, Human medicine, immunoglobulin, Follow-Up Studies, Hydroxychloroquine
Abstract

ImportanceThe longer-term effects of therapies for the treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 are unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of multiple interventions for critically ill adults with COVID-19 on longer-term outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPrespecified secondary analysis of an ongoing adaptive platform trial (REMAP-CAP) testing interventions within multiple therapeutic domains in which 4869 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 were enrolled between March 9, 2020, and June 22, 2021, from 197 sites in 14 countries. The final 180-day follow-up was completed on March 2, 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive 1 or more interventions within 6 treatment domains: immune modulators (n = 2274), convalescent plasma (n = 2011), antiplatelet therapy (n = 1557), anticoagulation (n = 1033), antivirals (n = 726), and corticosteroids (n = 401).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was survival through day 180, analyzed using a bayesian piecewise exponential model. A hazard ratio (HR) less than 1 represented improved survival (superiority), while an HR greater than 1 represented worsened survival (harm); futility was represented by a relative improvement less than 20% in outcome, shown by an HR greater than 0.83.ResultsAmong 4869 randomized patients (mean age, 59.3 years; 1537 [32.1%] women), 4107 (84.3%) had known vital status and 2590 (63.1%) were alive at day 180. IL-6 receptor antagonists had a greater than 99.9% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.74 [95% credible interval {CrI}, 0.61-0.90]) and antiplatelet agents had a 95% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.85 [95% CrI, 0.71-1.03]) compared with the control, while the probability of trial-defined statistical futility (HR >0.83) was high for therapeutic anticoagulation (99.9%; HR, 1.13 [95% CrI, 0.93-1.42]), convalescent plasma (99.2%; HR, 0.99 [95% CrI, 0.86-1.14]), and lopinavir-ritonavir (96.6%; HR, 1.06 [95% CrI, 0.82-1.38]) and the probabilities of harm from hydroxychloroquine (96.9%; HR, 1.51 [95% CrI, 0.98-2.29]) and the combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine (96.8%; HR, 1.61 [95% CrI, 0.97-2.67]) were high. The corticosteroid domain was stopped early prior to reaching a predefined statistical trigger; there was a 57.1% to 61.6% probability of improving 6-month survival across varying hydrocortisone dosing strategies.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong critically ill patients with COVID-19 randomized to receive 1 or more therapeutic interventions, treatment with an IL-6 receptor antagonist had a greater than 99.9% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control, and treatment with an antiplatelet had a 95.0% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control. Overall, when considered with previously reported short-term results, the findings indicate that initial in-hospital treatment effects were consistent for most therapies through 6 months.

Published
2023

40. Quantum limits of position-sensitive photodiodes

Author

Fradgley, E., primary, French, C., additional, Rushton, L., additional, Dieudonné, Y., additional, Harrison, L., additional, Beckey, J. L., additional, Miao, H., additional, Gill, C., additional, Petrov, P. G., additional, and Boyer, V., additional

Published
2022
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41. EP11.02-001 Natural Language Processing to Abstract Preneoplastic and Incidental Pulmonary Lesions from Pathology Reports

Author

Petricca, J., primary, French, C., additional, Ajaj, R., additional, Zelifan, A., additional, Grant, B., additional, Zhan, L., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Thakral, A., additional, Nicholls, D., additional, Hsu, Y.-H.R., additional, Pal, P., additional, Cabanero, M., additional, Tsao, M.S., additional, and Liu, G., additional

Published
2022
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44. Torba floors from the Maltese Islands: a preliminary analytical study

Author

Quilici, M., French, C., and Chatzimpaloglou, P.

Subjects
FTIR, Malta, thin-section micromorphology, torba, Neolithic, floor
Abstract

This study analyses twelve selected mortar and plaster floor surfaces, called torba, dating to the 4th and 3rd millennia BC, from three Neolithic sites in the Maltese Islands: Skorba, Santa Verna and Taċ-Ċawla. Traditional geoarchaeological methodologies of soil and sediment micromorphology as well as spectroscopic techniques of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) have been applied. The results suggest that torba is more varied than previously thought, providing a more nuanced picture of differing flooring materials. Both earthen-based as well as lime-based torba were present at Neolithic sites in the Maltese Islands. The analysis revealed that most of the torba material was unfired earthen material consisting of terra rossa and calcite. Nevertheless, two torba floor samples were lime-based involving the heat-treatment of terra rossa and calcite. This lime-based torba was obtained for mortars and plasters as early as the Neolithic period in the Maltese Islands.

Published
2022

45. Clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 registered in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium WHO clinical characterisation protocol: a prospective, multinational, multicentre, observational study

Author

Reyes, LF, Murthy, S, Garcia-Gallo, E, Irvine, M, Merson, L, Martin-Loeches, I, Rello, J, Taccone, FS, Fowler, RA, Docherty, AB, Kartsonaki, C, Aragao, I, Barrett, PW, Beane, A, Burrell, A, Cheng, MP, Christian, MD, Cidade, JP, Citarella, BW, Donnelly, CA, Fernandes, SM, French, C, Haniffa, R, Harrison, EM, Ho, AYW, Joseph, M, Khan, I, Kho, ME, Kildal, AB, Kutsogiannis, D, Lamontagne, F, Lee, TC, Bassi, GL, Lopez Revilla, JW, Marquis, C, Millar, J, Neto, R, Nichol, A, Parke, R, Pereira, R, Poli, S, Povoa, P, Ramanathan, K, Rewa, O, Riera, J, Shrapnel, S, Silva, MJ, Udy, A, Uyeki, T, Webb, SA, Wils, E-J, Rojek, A, Olliaro, PL, Institut Català de la Salut, [Reyes LF] Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia. Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Murthy S] British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Garcia-Gallo E] Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia. [Irvine M] British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Merson L] Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Martin-Loeches I] Intensive Care Medicine, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. [Rello J] Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, and Medical Research Council (MRC)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, COVID-19 (Malaltia) - Factors de risc, Avaluació de resultats (Assistència sanitària), virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES], Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES], Original Research Article, 030212 general & internal medicine, 3. Good health
Abstract

Respiratory infections and tuberculosis Infecciones respiratorias y tuberculosis Infeccions respiratòries i tuberculosi Due to the large number of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many were treated outside the traditional walls of the intensive care unit (ICU), and in many cases, by personnel who were not trained in critical care. The clinical characteristics and the relative impact of caring for severe COVID-19 patients outside the ICU is unknown. This was a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium World Health Organization COVID-19 platform. Severe COVID-19 patients were identified as those admitted to an ICU and/or those treated with one of the following treatments: invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation, high-flow nasal cannula, inotropes or vasopressors. A logistic generalised additive model was used to compare clinical outcomes among patients admitted or not to the ICU. A total of 40 440 patients from 43 countries and six continents were included in this analysis. Severe COVID-19 patients were frequently male (62.9%), older adults (median (interquartile range (IQR), 67 (55–78) years), and with at least one comorbidity (63.2%). The overall median (IQR) length of hospital stay was 10 (5–19) days and was longer in patients admitted to an ICU than in those who were cared for outside the ICU (12 (6–23) days versus 8 (4–15) days, p

Published
2022

46. Serious Cardiac Arrhythmias Detected by Subcutaneous Long-term Cardiac Monitors in Patients With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Author

Sivathamboo S., Liu Z., Sutherland F., Minato E., Casillas-Espinosa P., Jones N.C., Todaro M., Seneviratne U., Cahill V., Yerra R., French C., Nicolo J.-P., Perucca P., Kwan P., Sparks P., O'Brien T.J., Sivathamboo S., Liu Z., Sutherland F., Minato E., Casillas-Espinosa P., Jones N.C., Todaro M., Seneviratne U., Cahill V., Yerra R., French C., Nicolo J.-P., Perucca P., Kwan P., Sparks P., and O'Brien T.J.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epilepsy is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality, including sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Serious cardiac arrythmias might go undetected in routine epilepsy and cardiac investigations. METHOD(S): This prospective cohort study aimed to detect cardiac arrhythmias in patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy (>=5 years duration) using subcutaneous cardiac monitors for a minimum follow-up duration of 12 months. Participants with known cardiovascular disease or those with abnormal 12-lead ECGs were excluded. The device was programmed to automatically record episodes of tachycardia >=140 beats per minute (bpm), bradycardia <=40 bpm for >=3 seconds, or asystole >=3 seconds. FINDINGS: Thirty-one patients underwent subcutaneous cardiac monitoring for a median recording duration of 2.2 years (range 0.5-4.2). During this time, 28 patients (90.3%) had episodes of sustained (>=30 seconds) sinus tachycardia, 8/31 (25.8%) had sinus bradycardia, and 3 (9.7%) had asystole. Three patients (9.7%) had serious cardiac arrhythmias requiring additional cardiac interventions. Among them, 2 patients had prolonged sinus arrest and ventricular asystole (>6 seconds), leading to pacemaker insertion in one, and another patient with epileptic encephalopathy had multiple episodes of recurrent nonsustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and bundle branch conduction abnormalities. The time to first detection of a clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia ranged between 1.2 and 26.9 months following cardiac monitor insertion. DISCUSSION: Implantable cardiac monitors detected a high incidence of clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias in patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy, which may contribute to the incidence of premature mortality, including SUDEP.Copyright © 2022 American Academy of Neurology.

Published
2022

47. A prospective clinical evaluation of a patient isolation hood during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

McGain, F, Bates, S, Lee, JH, Timms, P, Kainer, MA, French, C, Monty, J, McGain, F, Bates, S, Lee, JH, Timms, P, Kainer, MA, French, C, and Monty, J

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have frequently become infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 whilst treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A variety of novel devices have been proposed to reduce COVID-19 cross-contamination. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was (i) to test whether patients and HCWs thought that a novel patient isolation hood was safe and comfortable and (ii) to obtain COVID-19 infection data of hospital HCWs. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of 20 patients, entailing HCW/patient questionnaires and safety aspects of prototype isolation hoods. COVID-19 data of HCWs were prospectively collected. Assessment of the hood's safety and practicality and adverse event reporting was carried out. OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures are as follows: questionnaire responses, adverse event reporting, rates of infections in HCWs during the study period (20/6/2020 to 21/7/2020), and COVID-19 infections in HCWs reported until the last recorded diagnosis of COVID-19 in HCWs (20/6/2020 to 27/9/2020). RESULTS: Of the 64 eligible individual HCW surveys, 60 surveys were overall favourable (>75% questions answered in favour of the isolation hood). HCWs were unanimous in perceiving the hood as safe (60/60), preferring its use (56/56), and understanding its potential COVID-19 cross-contamination minimisation (60/60). All eight patients who completed the questionnaire thought the isolation hood helped prevent COVID-19 cross infection and was safe and comfortable. There were no reported patient safety adverse events. The COVID-19 attack rate from 20/6/2020 to 27/9/2020 among registered nurses was as follows: intensive care units (ICUs), 2.2% (3/138); geriatric wards, 13.2% (26/197); and COVID-19 wards, 18.3% (32/175). The COVID-19 attack rate among medical staff was as follows: junior staff, 2.1% (24/932); senior staff, 0.7% (4/607); aged care/rehabilitation, 6.7% (2/30); and all ICU medical staff, 8.6% (3/35). CO

Published
2022

48. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Volume and Cardiac Surgery Availability Effect on Acute Coronary Syndrome-Related Cardiogenic Shock

Author

Noaman, S, Vogrin, S, Dinh, D, Lefkovits, J, Brennan, AL, Reid, CM, Walton, A, Kaye, D, Bloom, JE, Stub, D, Yang, Y, French, C, Duffy, SJ, Cox, N, Chan, W, Noaman, S, Vogrin, S, Dinh, D, Lefkovits, J, Brennan, AL, Reid, CM, Walton, A, Kaye, D, Bloom, JE, Stub, D, Yang, Y, French, C, Duffy, SJ, Cox, N, and Chan, W

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the association between cardiac surgery availability and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volume with clinical outcomes of cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute coronary syndrome (ACS). BACKGROUND: CS remains a grave complication of ACS with high mortality rates despite timely reperfusion and improved heart failure therapies. METHODS: The study analyzed data from consecutive patients with CS complicating ACS who underwent PCI and were prospectively enrolled in the VCOR (Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry) from 26 hospitals in Victoria. We compared patients treated at cardiac surgical centers (CSCs) versus non-CSCs as well as the annual CS PCI volume (stratified into tiers of <10, 10-25, and >25 cases) for in-hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and long-term mortality. RESULTS: Of 1,179 patients with CS, the mean age of patients was 65 years; males comprised 74%, and 22% had diabetes mellitus. Cardiac arrest occurred in 38% of patients, while 90% presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and 26% received intra-aortic balloon pump support. Overall, in-hospital and long-term mortality were 42% and 51%, respectively. There was no difference among patients treated non-CSCs compared with a CSCs for in-hospital MACCE and mortality (both P > 0.05). Similarly, there was no association between tiers of annual CS PCI volume with in-hospital MACCE and mortality (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Comparable short- and long-term mortality rates among patients with ACS complicated by CS treated by PCI irrespective of cardiac surgery availability and CS PCI volume support the emergent treatment of these gravely ill patients at their presenting PCI-capable hospital.

Published
2022

50. Evaluation of factors associated with selection for coronary angiography and in-hospital mortality among patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation

Author

Zheng, WC, Noaman, S, Batchelor, RJ, Hanson, L, Bloom, JE, Al-Mukhtar, O, Haji, K, D'Elia, N, Ho, FCS, Kaye, D, Shaw, J, Yang, Y, French, C, Stub, D, Cox, N, Chan, W, Zheng, WC, Noaman, S, Batchelor, RJ, Hanson, L, Bloom, JE, Al-Mukhtar, O, Haji, K, D'Elia, N, Ho, FCS, Kaye, D, Shaw, J, Yang, Y, French, C, Stub, D, Cox, N, and Chan, W

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Clinical factors favouring coronary angiography (CA) selection and variables associated with in-hospital mortality among patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without ST-segment elevation (STE) remain unclear. METHODS: We evaluated clinical characteristics associated with CA selection and in-hospital mortality in patients with OHCA, shockable rhythm and no STE. RESULTS: Between 2014 and 2018, 118 patients with OHCA and shockable rhythm without STE (mean age 59; males 75%) were stratified by whether CA was performed. Of 86 (73%) patients undergoing CA, 30 (35%) received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). CA patients had shorter return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) time (17 vs. 25 min) and were more frequently between 50 and 60 years (29% vs. 6.5%), with initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score >8 (24% vs. 6%) (all p < 0.05). In-hospital mortality was 33% (n = 39) for overall cohort (CA 27% vs. no-CA 50%, p = 0.02). Compared to late CA, early CA ( ≤ 2 h) was not associated with lower in-hospital mortality (32% vs. 34%, p = 0.82). Predictors of in-hospital mortality included longer defibrillation time (odds ratio 3.07, 95% confidence interval 1.44-6.53 per 5-min increase), lower pH (2.02, 1.33-3.09 per 0.1 decrease), hypoalbuminemia (2.02, 1.03-3.95 per 5 g/L decrease), and baseline renal dysfunction (1.33, 1.02-1.72 per 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 decrease), while PCI to lesion (0.11, 0.01-0.79) and bystander defibrillation (0.06, 0.004-0.80) were protective factors (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with OHCA and shockable rhythm without STE, younger age, shorter time to ROSC and GCS >8 were associated with CA selection, while less effective resuscitation, greater burden of comorbidities and absence of treatable coronary lesion were key adverse prognostic predictors.

Published
2022

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