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2,297 results on '"Friedlander, Michael"'

1. Cardinality-constrained structured data-fitting problems

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Fang, Huang, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
convex analysis, sparse optimization, low-rank optimization, primal-retrieval, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

A memory-efficient solution framework is proposed for the cardinality-constrained structured data-fitting problem. Dual-based atom-identification rules reveal the structure of the optimal primal solution from near-optimal dual solutions, which allows for a simple and computationally efficient algorithm that translates any feasible dual solution into a primal solution satisfying the cardinality constraint. Rigorous guarantees bound the quality of a near-optimal primal solution given any dual-based method that generates dual iterates converging to an optimal dual solution. Numerical experiments on real-world datasets support the analysis and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Published
2024
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2. Dual formulation of the maximum entropy method applied to analytic continuation of quantum Monte Carlo data

Author

Chuna, Thomas, Barnfield, Nicholas, Dornheim, Tobias, Friedlander, Michael P., and Hoheisel, Tim

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Lattice, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Many fields of physics use quantum Monte Carlo techniques, but struggle to estimate dynamic spectra via the analytic continuation of imaginary-time quantum Monte Carlo data. One of the most ubiquitous approaches to analytic continuation is the maximum entropy method (MEM). We supply a dual Newton optimization algorithm to be used within the MEM and provide analytic bounds for the algorithm's error. The MEM is typically used with Bryan's controversial algorithm [Rothkopf, "Bryan's Maximum Entropy Method" Data 5.3 (2020)]. We present new theoretical issues that are not yet in the literature. Our algorithm has all the theoretical benefits of Bryan's algorithm without these theoretical issues. We compare the MEM with Bryan's optimization to the MEM with our dual Newton optimization on test problems from lattice quantum chromodynamics and plasma physics. These comparisons show that in the presence of noise the dual Newton algorithm produces better estimates and error bars; this indicates the limits of Bryan's algorithm's applicability. We use the MEM to investigate authentic quantum Monte Carlo data for the uniform electron gas at warm dense matter conditions and further substantiate the roton-type feature in the dispersion relation., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 1 appendix

Published
2025

3. Hormonal Contraception and Breast Cancer Risk for Carriers of Germline Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2.

Author

Phillips, Kelly-Anne, Kotsopoulos, Joanne, Domchek, Susan, Terry, Mary, Chamberlain, James, Bassett, Julie, Aeilts, Amber, Andrulis, Irene, Buys, Saundra, Cui, Wanda, Daly, Mary, Eisen, Andrea, Foulkes, William, Friedlander, Michael, Gronwald, Jacek, Hopper, John, John, Esther, Karlan, Beth, Kim, Raymond, Kurian, Allison, Lubinski, Jan, Metcalfe, Kelly, Nathanson, Katherine, Singer, Christian, Southey, Melissa, Symecko, Heather, Tung, Nadine, Narod, Steven, and Milne, Roger

Subjects
Humans, Female, Breast Neoplasms, Germ-Line Mutation, Adult, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Hormonal Contraception, Heterozygote, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Risk Factors
Abstract

PURPOSE: It is uncertain whether, and to what extent, hormonal contraceptives increase breast cancer (BC) risk for germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. METHODS: Using pooled observational data from four prospective cohort studies, associations between hormonal contraceptive use and BC risk for unaffected female BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers were assessed using Cox regression. RESULTS: Of 3,882 BRCA1 and 1,509 BRCA2 mutation carriers, 53% and 71%, respectively, had ever used hormonal contraceptives for at least 1 year (median cumulative duration of use, 4.8 and 5.7 years, respectively). Overall, 488 BRCA1 and 191 BRCA2 mutation carriers developed BC during median follow-up of 5.9 and 5.6 years, respectively. Although for BRCA1 mutation carriers, neither current nor past use of hormonal contraceptives for at least 1 year was statistically significantly associated with BC risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 0.94 to 2.08], P = .10 for current use; 1.16 [0.80 to 1.69], P = .4, 1.40 [0.99 to 1.97], P = .05, and 1.27 [0.98 to 1.63], P = .07 for past use 1-5, 6-10, and >10 years before, respectively), ever use was associated with increased risk (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.60], P = .02). Furthermore, BC risk increased with longer cumulative duration of use, with an estimated proportional increase in risk of 3% (1%-5%, P = .002) for each additional year of use. For BRCA2 mutation carriers, there was no evidence that current or ever use was associated with increased BC risk (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.33 to 1.47], P = .3 and 1.07 [0.73 to 1.57], P = .7, respectively). CONCLUSION: Hormonal contraceptives were associated with increased BC risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers, especially if used for longer durations. Decisions about their use in women with BRCA1 mutations should carefully weigh the risks and benefits for each individual.

Published
2025

7. Patient-Reported Outcomes in OlympiA: A Phase III, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Adjuvant Olaparib in gBRCA1/2 Mutations and High-Risk Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Early Breast Cancer.

Author

Ganz, Patricia, Bandos, Hanna, Španić, Tanja, Friedman, Sue, Müller, Volkmar, Kuemmel, Sherko, Delaloge, Suzette, Brain, Etienne, Toi, Masakazu, Yamauchi, Hideko, de Dueñas, Eduardo-M, Armstrong, Anne, Im, Seock-Ah, Song, Chuan-Gui, Zheng, Hong, Sarosiek, Tomasz, Sharma, Priyanka, Geng, Cuizhi, Fu, Peifen, Rhiem, Kerstin, Frauchiger-Heuer, Heike, Wimberger, Pauline, tKint de Roodenbeke, Daphné, Liao, Ning, Goodwin, Annabel, Chakiba-Brugère, Camille, Friedlander, Michael, Lee, Keun, Giacchetti, Sylvie, Takano, Toshimi, Henao-Carrasco, Fernando, Virani, Shamsuddin, Valdes-Albini, Frances, Domchek, Susan, Bane, Charles, McCarron, Edward, Mita, Monica, Rossi, Giovanna, Rastogi, Priya, Fielding, Anitra, Gelber, Richard, Scheepers, Elsemieke, Cameron, David, Garber, Judy, Geyer, Charles, and Tutt, Andrew

Subjects
Female, Humans, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Fatigue, Mutation, Nausea, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Phthalazines, Piperazines, Quality of Life, Receptor, ErbB-2, Vomiting
Abstract

PURPOSE: The OlympiA randomized phase III trial compared 1 year of olaparib (OL) or placebo (PL) as adjuvant therapy in patients with germline BRCA1/2, high-risk human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative early breast cancer after completing (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy ([N]ACT), surgery, and radiotherapy. The patient-reported outcome primary hypothesis was that OL-treated patients may experience greater fatigue during treatment. METHODS: Data were collected before random assignment, and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary end point was fatigue, measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale. Secondary end points, assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30 item, included nausea and vomiting (NV), diarrhea, and multiple functional domains. Scores were compared between treatment groups using mixed model for repeated measures. Two-sided P values

Published
2024

10. Clinical parameters affecting survival outcomes in patients with low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: an international multicentre analysis

Author

May, Taymaa, Bernardini, Marcus, Lheureux, Stephanie, Aben, Katja KH, Bandera, Elisa V, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Berchuck, Andrew, Bjørge, Line, Carney, Michael E, Cramer, Daniel W, deFazio, Anna, Dörk, Thilo, Eccles, Diana M, Friedlander, Michael, García, María Jose, Goode, Ellen L, Hein, Alexander, Høgdall, Claus K, Jensen, Allan, Johnatty, Sharon, Kennedy, Catherine J, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kjær, Susanne K, Kupryjańczyk, Jolanta, Matsuo, Keitaro, McGuire, Valerie, Modugno, Francesmary, Paddock, Lisa E, Pejovic, Tanja, Phelan, Catherine M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Rodriguez-Antona, Cristina, Rothstein, Joseph H, Sieh, Weiva, Song, Honglin, Terry, Kathryn L, van Altena, Anne M, Vanderstichele, Adriaan, Vergote, Ignace, Thomsen, Liv Cecilie Vestrheim, Webb, Penelope M, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Wilkens, Lynne R, Ziogas, Argyrios, Jiang, Haiyan, and Tone, Alicia

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Ovarian Cancer, Women's Health, Rare Diseases, Cancer, 6.4 Surgery, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Neoplasm Staging, Ovarian Neoplasms, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Ovarian Cancer Association and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Clinical Sciences, Surgery, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundWomen with low-grade ovarian serous carcinoma (LGSC) benefit from surgical treatment; however, the role of chemotherapy is controversial. We examined an international database through the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to identify factors that affect survival in LGSC.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with LGSC who had had primary surgery and had overall survival data available. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses of progression-free survival and overall survival, and generated Kaplan-Meier survival curves.ResultsOf the 707 patients with LGSC, 680 (96.2%) had available overall survival data. The patients' median age overall was 54 years. Of the 659 patients with International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology stage data, 156 (23.7%) had stage I disease, 64 (9.7%) had stage II, 395 (59.9%) had stage III, and 44 (6.7%) had stage IV. Of the 377 patients with surgical data, 200 (53.0%) had no visible residual disease. Of the 361 patients with chemotherapy data, 330 (91.4%) received first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 5.0 years. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 43.2 months and 110.4 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated a statistically significant impact of stage and residual disease on progression-free survival and overall survival. Platinum-based chemotherapy was not associated with a survival advantage.ConclusionThis multicentre analysis indicates that complete surgical cytoreduction to no visible residual disease has the most impact on improved survival in LGSC. This finding could immediately inform and change practice.

Published
2023

11. The effect of older age on treatment outcomes in women with advanced ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy: An NRG-Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG-0182-ICON5) ancillary study.

Author

Sia, Tiffany, Tew, William, Purdy, Christopher, Chi, Dennis, Menzin, Andrew, Lovecchio, John, Bookman, Michael, Cohn, David, Teoh, Deanna, Friedlander, Michael, Bender, David, Mutch, David, Gershenson, David, Wenham, Robert, Wahner Hendrickson, Andrea, Lee, Roger, Gray, Heidi, Secord, Angeles, Van Le, Linda, Lichtman, Stuart, and Tewari, Krishnansu

Subjects
Female, Humans, Aged, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Carboplatin, Ovarian Neoplasms, Disease-Free Survival, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Paclitaxel, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Neoplasm Staging
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of age on overall survival (OS) in women with ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy. Secondary objectives were to describe the effect of age on treatment compliance, toxicities, progression free survival (PFS), time from surgery to chemotherapy, and rates of optimal cytoreduction. METHODS: Women enrolled in GOG 0182-ICON5 with stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who underwent surgery and chemotherapy between 2001 and 2004 were included. Patients were divided into ages

Published
2023

12. First-Line Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy for Advanced Endometrial Cancer: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trial

Author

Marth, Christian, Moore, Richard G., Bidziński, Mariusz, Pignata, Sandro, Ayhan, Ali, Rubio, M. Jesús, Beiner, Mario, Hall, Marcia, Vulsteke, Christof, Braicu, Elena Ioana, Sonoda, Kenzo, Wu, Xiaohua, Frentzas, Sophia, Mattar, André, Lheureux, Stephanie, Chen, Xiaojun, Hasegawa, Kosei, Magallanes-Maciel, Manuel, Choi, Chel Hun, Shalkova, Mariia, Kaen, Diego, Wang, Peng-Hui, Berger, Regina, Okpara, Chinyere E., McKenzie, Jodi, Yao, Lili, Orlowski, Robert, Khemka, Vivek, Gilbert, Lucy, Makker, Vicky, Kaen, Diego Lucas, Gomez Abuin, Gonzalo, Zamora, Liliana Beatriz, Alfie, Margarita Sonia, Casarini, Ignacio Alfredo, Harrison, Michelle, Ananda, Sumitra, Shannon, Catherine Margaret, Frentzas, Sophia, Friedlander, Michael, Meniawy, Tarek, Gao, Bo, Baron-Hay, Sally, Diakos, Connie, Marth, Christian, Polterauer, Stephan, Petru, Edgar, De Bock, Marlies, Vulsteke, Christof, Baurain, Jean-Francois, Van Gorp, Toon, Altintas, Sevilay, Lima, Joao Paulo da Silveira Nogueira, Mattar, Andre, de Freitas Junior, Ruffo, Santana, Rosane O., de Melo, Andreia Cristina, Franke, Fabio Andre, Zibetti Dal Molin, Graziela, Damian, Fernanda Bronzon, Guedes, João Daniel Cardoso, Ellard, Susan, Tinker, Anna, Samouëlian, Vanessa, Fortin, Suzanne, Bessette, Paul, Kolinsky, Michael, Kumar Tyagi, Nidhi, Ethier, Josee-Lyne, Gilbert, Lucy, Lheureux, Stephanie, MacKay, Helen, Lim, Charles, Wu, Xiaohua, Pan, Lingya, An, Ruifang, Chen, Xiaojun, Zheng, Hong, Wu, Yumei, Zhu, Jianqing, Yao, Shuzhong, Jia, Xuemei, Huang, Yi, Lv, Weiguo, Zhang, Yu, Zhou, Qi, Ma, Cailing, Chekerov, Radoslav, Mach, Pawel, Witteler, Ralf, Marmè, Frederik, Cadoo, Karen, Korach, Jacob, Levy, Talia, Beiner, Mario, Amnon, Amit, Scollo, Paolo, Naglieri, Emanuele, Pignata, Sandro, Zamagni, Claudio, Salutari, Vanda, Usami, Tomoka, Nakamura, Kazuto, Matsumoto, Koji, Yamagami, Wataru, Kobayashi, Yoichi, Takano, Masashi, Kato, Hidenori, Sonoda, Kenzo, Kikuchi, Akira, Katsumata, Noriyuki, Kamiura, Shoji, Horie, Koji, Hasegawa, Kosei, Tsunoda, Takuya, Suzuki, Nao, Yunokawa, Mayu, Nishio, Shin, Kudaka, Wataru, Guerrero Cabrera, Fernando Felix, Gonzalez Mendoza, Rene Lazaro, Magallanes Maciel, Manuel Ernesto, Villalobos Valencia, Ricardo, Escobar Penagos, Jose, Lopez Chuken, Yamil Alonso, Mackowiak-Matejczyk, Beata, Tarnawski, Rafal, Kalinka, Ewa, Bidzinski, Mariusz, Bednarek, Wieslawa, Danska-Bidzinska, Anna, Koralewski, Piotr, Roszak, Andrzej, Kedrova, Anna, Musaeva, Natalia, Urmancheeva, Adiliya Fettekhovna, Vasiliev, Aleksandr Gennadievich, Safina, Sufia Zievna, Lisyanskaya, Alla Sergeevna, Rykov, Ivan V., Rumyantsev, Alexey Alexandrovich, Belonogov, Aleksandr, Makarycheva, Yulia, Kim, Yong Man, Choi, Chel Hun, Kim, Yong Beom, Kim, Hee Seung, Kim, Sang Wun, Quindos Varela, Maria, Casado Herraez, Antonio, Diaz Redondo, Tamara, Rubio Perez, Maria Jesus, Romeo Marin, Margarita, Romero Noguera, Ignacio, Taus Garcia, Alvaro, Lin, Wu-Chou, Chou, Hung-Hsueh, Cheng, Wen-Fang, Lu, Chien-Hsing, Wang, Peng-Hui, Simsek, Tayup, Kose, Fatih, Ayhan, Ali, Vardar, Mehmet Ali, Ozerkan, Kemal, Hughes, Andrew, Stillie, Alison, Eminowicz, Gemma, Khalique, Saira, Shalkova, Mariia, Sukhina, Olena, Piatnytska, Tetiana, Averina, Hanna, Kulyaba, Yaroslav, Kryzhanivska, Anna, Bondarenko, Igor, Svintsitsky, Valentyn, Krasnohrud, Yuliia, Voitko, Nataliia, Buscema, Joseph, Ghamande, Sharad, Lewin, Sharyn, Graham, Deena M., Makker, Vicky, Bell, Maria, Santin, Alessandro, Lee, Christine, Blank, Stephanie, Konecny, Gottfried E., Corr, Bradley, Van Le, Linda, Moore, Richard G., Scalici, Jennifer, Anderson, Charles, Braly, Patricia, Fehniger, Julia, Westhoff, Gina, and Bollinger, Lauren

Published
2024
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13. Patterns of care and development of quality indicators in patients with non-epithelial and rare ovarian tumors in Australia: insights from the National Gynae-Oncology Registry

Author

Lee, Yeh Chen, Whitely, Aleesha, Burling, Michael, Anderson, Lyndal, Cohen, Paul A., Naidoo, Mahendra, Richardson, Gary, Perera, Sharnel, Scott, Clare L., Friedlander, Michael, Brand, Alison, McNally, Orla, Hyde, Simon, Bunting, Michael, Jobling, Tom, Zalcberg, John, and Rome, Robert

Published
2025
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15. Prognostic significance and accuracy of oncologists’ estimates of survival time in recurrent ovarian cancer

Author

Nahm, Sharon H., Kiely, Belinda E., O’Connell, Rachel L., Lee, Yeh Chen, Davis, Alison, Avall-Lundqvist, Elisabeth, Berek, Jonathan S., Berton, Dominique, Donnellan, Paul, Hilpert, Felix, Joly, Florence, Lanceley, Anne, Ledermann, Jonathan A., Okamoto, Aikou, Oza, Amit, Pignata, Sandro, Sehouli, Jalid, King, Madeleine T., Friedlander, Michael, Stockler, Martin R., and Roncolato, Felicia T.

Published
2025
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16. Knowledge-Injected Federated Learning

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Zhou, Zirui, Pei, Jian, Friedlander, Michael P., Hu, Jiajie, Li, Chengliang, and Zhang, Yong

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Federated learning is an emerging technique for training models from decentralized data sets. In many applications, data owners participating in the federated learning system hold not only the data but also a set of domain knowledge. Such knowledge includes human know-how and craftsmanship that can be extremely helpful to the federated learning task. In this work, we propose a federated learning framework that allows the injection of participants' domain knowledge, where the key idea is to refine the global model with knowledge locally. The scenario we consider is motivated by a real industry-level application, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach to this application.

Published
2022

17. Profiling the immune landscape in mucinous ovarian carcinoma.

Author

Meagher, Nicola, Hamilton, Phineas, Milne, Katy, Thornton, Shelby, Harris, Bronwyn, Weir, Ashley, Alsop, Jennifer, Bisinoto, Christiani, Brenton, James, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Chiu, Derek, Cushing-Haugen, Kara, Fereday, Sian, Garsed, Dale, Gayther, Simon, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Gilks, Blake, Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes, Kennedy, Catherine, Le, Nhu, Piskorz, Anna, Riggan, Marjorie, Shah, Mitul, Singh, Naveena, Talhouk, Aline, Widschwendter, Martin, Bowtell, David, Candido Dos Reis, Francisco, Cook, Linda, Fortner, Renée, García, María, Harris, Holly, Huntsman, David, Köbel, Martin, Menon, Usha, Pharoah, Paul, Doherty, Jennifer, Anglesio, Michael, Pike, Malcolm, Pearce, Celeste, Friedlander, Michael, DeFazio, Anna, Nelson, Brad, Ramus, Susan, and Karnezis, Anthony

Subjects
Immune infiltrate, Mucinous ovarian carcinoma, Rare histotype, Humans, Female, B7-H1 Antigen, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Tumor Microenvironment
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare histotype of ovarian cancer, with low response rates to standard chemotherapy, and very poor survival for patients diagnosed at advanced stage. There is a limited understanding of the MOC immune landscape, and consequently whether immune checkpoint inhibitors could be considered for a subset of patients. METHODS: We performed multicolor immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) on tissue microarrays in a cohort of 126 MOC patients. Cell densities were calculated in the epithelial and stromal components for tumor-associated macrophages (CD68+/PD-L1+, CD68+/PD-L1-), T cells (CD3+/CD8-, CD3+/CD8+), putative T-regulatory cells (Tregs, FOXP3+), B cells (CD20+/CD79A+), plasma cells (CD20-/CD79a+), and PD-L1+ and PD-1+ cells, and compared these values with clinical factors. Univariate and multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards assessed overall survival. Unsupervised k-means clustering identified patient subsets with common patterns of immune cell infiltration. RESULTS: Mean densities of PD1+ cells, PD-L1- macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and FOXP3+ Tregs were higher in the stroma compared to the epithelium. Tumors from advanced (Stage III/IV) MOC had greater epithelial infiltration of PD-L1- macrophages, and fewer PD-L1+ macrophages compared with Stage I/II cancers (p = 0.004 and p = 0.014 respectively). Patients with high epithelial density of FOXP3+ cells, CD8+/FOXP3+ cells, or PD-L1- macrophages, had poorer survival, and high epithelial CD79a + plasma cells conferred better survival, all upon univariate analysis only. Clustering showed that most MOC (86%) had an immune depleted (cold) phenotype, with only a small proportion (11/76,14%) considered immune inflamed (hot) based on T cell and PD-L1 infiltrates. CONCLUSION: In summary, MOCs are mostly immunogenically cold, suggesting they may have limited response to current immunotherapies.

Published
2023

18. How long is long enough? An international survey exploring practice variations on the recommended duration of maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors in patients with platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer and long-term outcomes

Author

Haggstrom, Lucy, Lee, Yeh Chen, Scott, Clare, Harter, Philipp, Woelber, Linn, Ledermann, Jonathan, Gourley, Charlie, McNeish, Iain A, Amant, Frédéric, Ray-Coquard, Isabelle, Leary, Alexandra, Oza, Amit M, Tinker, Anna, González Martin, Antonio, Cecere, Sabrina Chiara, Pignata, Sandro, Colombo, Nicoletta, Yoshida, Hiroyuki, Marth, Christian, Rosengarten, Ora, Moore, Kathleen Nadine, Gómez-García, Eva María, Tan, David, and Friedlander, Michael L

Published
2024
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19. The Guide for the Perplexed, Part 3

Author

Maimonides and Friedlander, Michael

Subjects
The Guide for the Perplexed, vol. 3 (Nonfiction work), Literature/writing
Abstract

LibriVox recording of The Guide for the Perplexed, Part 3 by Moses Maimonides. (Translated by Michael Friedländer.) Read in English by Geoffrey Edwards. The Guide for the Perplexed, Part 3 [...]

Published
2024

21. What proportion of patients with stage 3 ovarian cancer are potentially cured following intraperitoneal chemotherapy? Analysis of the long term (≥10 years) survivors in NRG/GOG randomized clinical trials of intraperitoneal and intravenous chemotherapy in stage III ovarian cancer

Author

Pitiyarachchi, Omali, Friedlander, Michael, Java, James J, Chan, John K, Armstrong, Deborah K, Markman, Maurie, Herzog, Thomas J, Monk, Bradley J, Backes, Floor, Secord, Angeles Alvarez, Bonebrake, Albert, Rose, Peter G, Tewari, Krishnansu S, Lentz, Samuel S, Geller, Melissa A, Copeland, Larry J, and Mannel, Robert S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Genetics, Clinical Research, Prevention, Rehabilitation, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Cancer Survivors, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Ovarian Neoplasms, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, 10-year survival, Chemotherapy, Advanced ovarian cancer, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis, Reproductive medicine
Abstract

ObjectivePatients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) alive without progression at a landmark time-point of 10 years from diagnosis are likely cured. We report the proportion of patients with Stage III EOC who were long-term disease-free survivors (LTDFS≥10 years) following either intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous (IV) chemotherapy as well as the predictors of LTDFS.MethodsData from 3 mature NRG/GOG trials (104, 114, 172) were analyzed and included demographics, clinicopathologic details, route of administration, and survival outcomes of patients living ≥10 years assessed according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression survival analysis was performed to evaluate independent prognostic predictors of LTDFS.ResultsOf 1174 patients randomized, 10-year overall survival (OS) was 26% (95% CI, 23-28%) and LTDFS ≥10 years was 18% (95% CI, 16-20%). Patients with LTDFS ≥10 years had a median age of 54.6 years (p < 0.001). Younger age (p < 0.001) was the only independent prognostic factor for LTDFS≥10 years on multivariate Cox analysis.ConclusionsApproximately 18% of patients were LTDFS ≥10 years. They form the tail end of the survival curve and are likely cured. Our results provide a comparative benchmark to evaluate the impact of PARP inhibitors in 1st line maintenance trials on survival outcomes.

Published
2022

22. A dual approach for federated learning

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Fang, Huang, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We study the federated optimization problem from a dual perspective and propose a new algorithm termed federated dual coordinate descent (FedDCD), which is based on a type of coordinate descent method developed by Necora et al.[Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 2017]. Additionally, we enhance the FedDCD method with inexact gradient oracles and Nesterov's acceleration. We demonstrate theoretically that our proposed approach achieves better convergence rates than the state-of-the-art primal federated optimization algorithms under certain situations. Numerical experiments on real-world datasets support our analysis.

Published
2022

23. Fair and efficient contribution valuation for vertical federated learning

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Fang, Huang, Zhou, Zirui, Pei, Jian, Friedlander, Michael P., and Zhang, Yong

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Federated learning is a popular technology for training machine learning models on distributed data sources without sharing data. Vertical federated learning or feature-based federated learning applies to the cases that different data sources share the same sample ID space but differ in feature space. To ensure the data owners' long-term engagement, it is critical to objectively assess the contribution from each data source and recompense them accordingly. The Shapley value (SV) is a provably fair contribution valuation metric originated from cooperative game theory. However, computing the SV requires extensively retraining the model on each subset of data sources, which causes prohibitively high communication costs in federated learning. We propose a contribution valuation metric called vertical federated Shapley value (VerFedSV) based on SV. We show that VerFedSV not only satisfies many desirable properties for fairness but is also efficient to compute, and can be adapted to both synchronous and asynchronous vertical federated learning algorithms. Both theoretical analysis and extensive experimental results verify the fairness, efficiency, and adaptability of VerFedSV.

Published
2022

26. Improving Fairness for Data Valuation in Horizontal Federated Learning

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Fang, Huang, Zhou, Zirui, Pei, Jian, Friedlander, Michael P., Liu, Changxin, and Zhang, Yong

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Federated learning is an emerging decentralized machine learning scheme that allows multiple data owners to work collaboratively while ensuring data privacy. The success of federated learning depends largely on the participation of data owners. To sustain and encourage data owners' participation, it is crucial to fairly evaluate the quality of the data provided by the data owners and reward them correspondingly. Federated Shapley value, recently proposed by Wang et al. [Federated Learning, 2020], is a measure for data value under the framework of federated learning that satisfies many desired properties for data valuation. However, there are still factors of potential unfairness in the design of federated Shapley value because two data owners with the same local data may not receive the same evaluation. We propose a new measure called completed federated Shapley value to improve the fairness of federated Shapley value. The design depends on completing a matrix consisting of all the possible contributions by different subsets of the data owners. It is shown under mild conditions that this matrix is approximately low-rank by leveraging concepts and tools from optimization. Both theoretical analysis and empirical evaluation verify that the proposed measure does improve fairness in many circumstances.

Published
2021
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27. Homologous recombination deficiency should be tested for in patients with advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer aged 70 years and over

Author

Pitiyarachchi, Omali, Ansell, Peter J., Coleman, Robert L., Dinh, Minh H., Holman, Laura, Leath, Charles A., III, Werner, Theresa, DiSilvestro, Paul, Morgan, Mark, Tew, William, Lee, Christine, Cunningham, Mary, Newton, Meredith, Edraki, Babak, Lim, Peter, Barlin, Joyce, Spirtos, Nicola M., Tewari, Krishnansu S., Edelson, Mitchell, Reid, Thomas, Carlson, Jay, and Friedlander, Michael

Published
2024
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29. Hidden in plain sight – Survival consequences of baseline symptom burden in women with recurrent ovarian cancer

Author

Roncolato, Felicia, King, Madeleine T., O'Connell, Rachel L., Lee, Yeh Chen, Joly, Florence, Hilpert, Felix, Lanceley, Anne, Yoshida, Yoshio, Bryce, Jane, Donnellan, Paul, Oza, Amit, Avall-Lundqvist, Elisabeth, Berek, Jonathan S., Ledermann, Jonathan A., Berton, Dominique, Sehouli, Jalid, Kaminsky, Marie-Christine, Stockler, Martin R., and Friedlander, Michael

Published
2024
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30. Cardinality-constrained structured data-fitting problems

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Fang, Huang, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

A memory-efficient framework is described for the cardinality-constrained structured data-fitting problem. Dual-based atom-identification rules are proposed that reveal the structure of the optimal primal solution from near-optimal dual solutions. These rules allow for a simple and computationally cheap algorithm for translating any feasible dual solution to a primal solution that satisfies the cardinality constraint. Rigorous guarantees are provided for obtaining a near-optimal primal solution given any dual-based method that generates dual iterates converging to an optimal dual solution. Numerical experiments on real-world datasets support confirm the analysis and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Published
2021

31. Impact of veliparib, paclitaxel dosing regimen, and germline BRCA status on the primary treatment of serous ovarian cancer – an ancillary data analysis of the VELIA trial

Author

Aghajanian, Carol, Swisher, Elizabeth M, Okamoto, Aikou, Steffensen, Karina Dahl, Bookman, Michael A, Fleming, Gini F, Friedlander, Michael, Moore, Kathleen N, Tewari, Krishnansu S, O’Malley, David M, Chan, John K, Ratajczak, Christine, Hashiba, Hideyuki, Wu, Meijing, Dinh, Minh H, and Coleman, Robert L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Ovarian Cancer, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Patient Safety, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Benzimidazoles, Carboplatin, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Genes, BRCA1, Genes, BRCA2, Germ-Line Mutation, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, Humans, Induction Chemotherapy, Maintenance Chemotherapy, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous, Ovarian Neoplasms, Paclitaxel, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Progression-Free Survival, Young Adult, Veliparib, Ovarian cancer, PARP inhibitor, Dose-dense paclitaxel, g BRCA, Homologous recombination de ficiency, Homologous recombination deficiency, gBRCA, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis, Reproductive medicine
Abstract

ObjectiveIn the Phase 3 VELIA trial (NCT02470585), veliparib added to carboplatin plus paclitaxel concomitantly and as maintenance for women with newly-diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus chemotherapy alone. Here we present exploratory analyses by paclitaxel dosing schedule and germline BRCA (gBRCA) status.MethodsWomen with untreated ovarian carcinoma were randomized (1:1:1) to: veliparib during chemotherapy and maintenance (veliparib-throughout), veliparib during chemotherapy followed by placebo maintenance (veliparib-combination only), or placebo during chemotherapy and maintenance (control). Chemotherapy included carboplatin plus dose-dense (DD; weekly) or every-3-week (Q3W) paclitaxel (a stratification factor at randomization), selected at the investigator's discretion pre-randomization. PFS was assessed by paclitaxel dosing schedule using a Cox proportional hazard model adjusted by treatment arm and stratification factors; safety was analyzed based on paclitaxel dosing schedule and gBRCA status.Results1132 patients were analyzed by paclitaxel schedule. Pooled treatment arms demonstrated longer median PFS with DD (n = 586) versus Q3W (n = 546) paclitaxel (ITT: 20.5 vs 15.7 months, hazard ratio [HR] 0.77; homologous recombination proficient cancer: 15.1 vs 11.8 months, HR 0.64; BRCAwt: 18.0 vs 12.9 months, HR 0.70). Comparison between arms favored veliparib-throughout versus control in both DD (PFS, 24.2 vs 18.3 months, hazard ratio 0.67) and Q3W (19.3 vs 14.6, hazard ratio 0.69) subgroups. DD paclitaxel was associated with higher incidence of Grade 3/4 neutropenia, fatigue, and anemia versus Q3W. There were no differences in toxicity between gBRCAm (n = 211) and gBRCAwt (n = 902) subgroups.ConclusionsDD paclitaxel was tolerable and associated with longer PFS in the HR proficient and gBRCAwt groups, versus Q3W. gBRCA status did not impact safety.

Published
2022

34. From perspective maps to epigraphical projections

Author

Friedlander, Michael P., Goodwin, Ariel, and Hoheisel, Tim

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 52A4, 65K10, 90C25, 90C46
Abstract

The projection onto the epigraph or a level set of a closed proper convex function can be achieved by finding a root of a scalar equation that involves the proximal operator as a function of the proximal parameter. This paper develops the variational analysis of this scalar equation. The approach is based on a study of the variational-analytic properties of general convex optimization problems that are (partial) infimal projections of the the sum of the function in question and the perspective map of a convex kernel. When the kernel is the Euclidean norm squared, the solution map corresponds to the proximal map, and thus the variational properties derived for the general case apply to the proximal case. Properties of the value function and the corresponding solution map -- including local Lipschitz continuity, directional differentiability, and semismoothness -- are derived. An SC$^1$ optimization framework for computing epigraphical and level-set projections is thus established. Numerical experiments on 1-norm projection illustrate the effectiveness of the approach as compared with specialized algorithms

Published
2021

35. NBIHT: An Efficient Algorithm for 1-bit Compressed Sensing with Optimal Error Decay Rate

Author

Friedlander, Michael P., Jeong, Halyun, Plan, Yaniv, and Yilmaz, Ozgur

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 94-XX
Abstract

The Binary Iterative Hard Thresholding (BIHT) algorithm is a popular reconstruction method for one-bit compressed sensing due to its simplicity and fast empirical convergence. There have been several works about BIHT but a theoretical understanding of the corresponding approximation error and convergence rate still remains open. This paper shows that the normalized version of BIHT (NBHIT) achieves an approximation error rate optimal up to logarithmic factors. More precisely, using $m$ one-bit measurements of an $s$-sparse vector $x$, we prove that the approximation error of NBIHT is of order $O \left(1 \over m \right)$ up to logarithmic factors, which matches the information-theoretic lower bound $\Omega \left(1 \over m \right)$ proved by Jacques, Laska, Boufounos, and Baraniuk in 2013. To our knowledge, this is the first theoretical analysis of a BIHT-type algorithm that explains the optimal rate of error decay empirically observed in the literature. This also makes NBIHT the first provable computationally-efficient one-bit compressed sensing algorithm that breaks the inverse square root error decay rate $O \left(1 \over m^{1/2} \right)$., Comment: Submitted to a journal

Published
2020

36. Polar Deconvolution of Mixed Signals

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Jeong, Halyun, Joshi, Babhru, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Abstract

The signal demixing problem seeks to separate a superposition of multiple signals into its constituent components. This paper studies a two-stage approach that first decompresses and subsequently deconvolves the noisy and undersampled observations of the superposition using two convex programs. Probabilistic error bounds are given on the accuracy with which this process approximates the individual signals. The theory of polar convolution of convex sets and gauge functions plays a central role in the analysis and solution process. If the measurements are random and the noise is bounded, this approach stably recovers low-complexity and mutually incoherent signals, with high probability and with near-optimal sample complexity. We develop an efficient algorithm, based on level-set and conditional-gradient methods, that solves the convex optimization problems with sublinear iteration complexity and linear space requirements. Numerical experiments on both real and synthetic data confirm the theory and the efficiency of the approach.

Published
2020

37. Online mirror descent and dual averaging: keeping pace in the dynamic case

Author

Fang, Huang, Harvey, Nicholas J. A., Portella, Victor S., and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Online mirror descent (OMD) and dual averaging (DA) -- two fundamental algorithms for online convex optimization -- are known to have very similar (and sometimes identical) performance guarantees when used with a fixed learning rate. Under dynamic learning rates, however, OMD is provably inferior to DA and suffers a linear regret, even in common settings such as prediction with expert advice. We modify the OMD algorithm through a simple technique that we call stabilization. We give essentially the same abstract regret bound for OMD with stabilization and for DA by modifying the classical OMD convergence analysis in a careful and modular way that allows for straightforward and flexible proofs. Simple corollaries of these bounds show that OMD with stabilization and DA enjoy the same performance guarantees in many applications -- even under dynamic learning rates. We also shed light on the similarities between OMD and DA and show simple conditions under which stabilized-OMD and DA generate the same iterates., Comment: 27 pages main text, 37 pages in total, 1 figure. Version 2: Revision for camera-ready version of ICML 2020, with a new abstract, new discussion and acknowledgements sections, and some other minor modifications. Version 3: Technical report version of JMLR submission, with minor revisions, full proofs, and more details on the setting with composite functions

Published
2020

38. Approximate methods for phase retrieval via gauge duality

Author

Estrin, Ron, Sun, Yifan, Jeong, Halyun, and Friedlander, Michael

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 49M29, G.1.6
Abstract

We consider the problem of finding a low rank symmetric matrix satisfying a system of linear equations, as appears in phase retrieval. In particular, we solve the gauge dual formulation, but use a fast approximation of the spectral computations to achieve a noisy solution estimate. This estimate is then used as the initialization of an alternating gradient descent scheme over a nonconvex rank-1 matrix factorization formulation. Numerical results on small problems show consistent recovery, with very low computational cost.

Published
2020

39. Identification of a Locus Near ULK1 Associated With Progression-Free Survival in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Quinn, Michael CJ, McCue, Karen, Shi, Wei, Johnatty, Sharon E, Beesley, Jonathan, Civitarese, Andrew, O'Mara, Tracy A, Glubb, Dylan M, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Armasu, Sebastian M, Ong, Jue-Sheng, Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Gao, Bo, Patch, Ann-Marie, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Garcia, Maria J, Goodman, Marc T, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, du Bois, Andreas, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Bauman, Klaus, Group, for the AGO Study, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Cunningham, Julie M, Larson, Melissa C, McCauley, Bryan M, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Bjorge, Line, Webb, Penelope M, Group, for the OPAL Study, Friedlander, Michael, Pejovic, Tanja, Moffitt, Melissa, Glasspool, Rosalind, May, Taymaa, Ene, Gabrielle EV, Huntsman, David G, Woo, Michelle, Carney, Michael E, Hinsley, Samantha, Heitz, Florian, Fereday, Sian, Kennedy, Catherine J, Edwards, Stacey L, Winham, Stacey J, deFazio, Anna, Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Pharoah, Paul DP, Goode, Ellen L, MacGregor, Stuart, and Chenevix-Trench, Georgia

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Women's Health, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Gene Knockout Techniques, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Progression-Free Survival, AGO Study Group, OPAL Study Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundMany loci have been found to be associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, although there is considerable variation in progression-free survival (PFS), no loci have been found to be associated with outcome at genome-wide levels of significance.MethodsWe carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PFS in 2,352 women with EOC who had undergone cytoreductive surgery and standard carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy.ResultsWe found seven SNPs at 12q24.33 associated with PFS (P < 5 × 10-8), the top SNP being rs10794418 (HR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34; P = 1.47 × 10-8). High expression of a nearby gene, ULK1, is associated with shorter PFS in EOC, and with poor prognosis in other cancers. SNP rs10794418 is also associated with expression of ULK1 in ovarian tumors, with the allele associated with shorter PFS being associated with higher expression, and chromatin interactions were detected between the ULK1 promoter and associated SNPs in serous and endometrioid EOC cell lines. ULK1 knockout ovarian cancer cell lines showed significantly increased sensitivity to carboplatin in vitro.ConclusionsThe locus at 12q24.33 represents one of the first genome-wide significant loci for survival for any cancer. ULK1 is a plausible candidate for the target of this association.ImpactThis finding provides insight into genetic markers associated with EOC outcome and potential treatment options.See related commentary by Peres and Monteiro, p. 1604.

Published
2021

42. A perturbation view of level-set methods for convex optimization

Author

Estrin, Ron and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 90C25, 65K10, 49M29
Abstract

Level-set methods for convex optimization are predicated on the idea that certain problems can be parameterized so that their solutions can be recovered as the limiting process of a root-finding procedure. This idea emerges time and again across a range of algorithms for convex problems. Here we demonstrate that strong duality is a necessary condition for the level-set approach to succeed. In the absence of strong duality, the level-set method identifies $\epsilon$-infeasible points that do not converge to a feasible point as $\epsilon$ tends to zero. The level-set approach is also used as a proof technique for establishing sufficient conditions for strong duality that are different from Slater's constraint qualification.

Published
2020

43. Polar Alignment and Atomic Decomposition

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Jeong, Halyun, Sun, Yifan, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 90C25, 90C22, 65K05, 65F99
Abstract

Structured optimization uses a prescribed set of atoms to assemble a solution that fits a model to data. Polarity, which extends the familiar notion of orthogonality from linear sets to general convex sets, plays a special role in a simple and geometric form of convex duality. This duality correspondence yields a general notion of alignment that leads to an intuitive and complete description of how atoms participate in the final decomposition of the solution. The resulting geometric perspective leads to variations of existing algorithms effective for large-scale problems. We illustrate these ideas with many examples, including applications in matrix completion and morphological component analysis for the separation of mixtures of signals., Comment: 39 pages

Published
2019

44. Implementing a smooth exact penalty function for general constrained nonlinear optimization

Author

Estrin, Ron, Friedlander, Michael, Orban, Dominique, and Saunders, Michael

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

We build upon Estrin et al. (2019) to develop a general constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm based on a smooth penalty function proposed by Fletcher (1970, 1973b). Although Fletcher's approach has historically been considered impractical, we show that the computational kernels required are no more expensive than those in other widely accepted methods for nonlinear optimization. The main kernel for evaluating the penalty function and its derivatives solves structured linear systems. When the matrices are available explicitly, we store a single factorization each iteration. Otherwise, we obtain a factorization-free optimization algorithm by solving each linear system iteratively. The penalty function shows promise in cases where the linear systems can be solved efficiently, e.g., PDE-constrained optimization problems when efficient preconditioners exist. We demonstrate the merits of the approach, and give numerical results on several PDE-constrained and standard test problems., Comment: 25 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.04300

Published
2019
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45. Bundle methods for dual atomic pursuit

Author

Fan, Zhenan, Sun, Yifan, and Friedlander, Michael P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

The aim of structured optimization is to assemble a solution, using a given set of (possibly uncountably infinite) atoms, to fit a model to data. A two-stage algorithm based on gauge duality and bundle method is proposed. The first stage discovers the optimal atomic support for the primal problem by solving a sequence of approximations of the dual problem using a bundle-type method. The second stage recovers the approximate primal solution using the atoms discovered in the first stage. The overall approach leads to implementable and efficient algorithms for large problems., Comment: 53rd Annual Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers

Published
2019

46. Implementing a smooth exact penalty function for equality-constrained nonlinear optimization

Author

Estrin, Ron, Friedlander, Michael P., Orban, Dominique, and Saunders, Michael A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

We develop a general equality-constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm based on a smooth penalty function proposed by Fletcher (1970). Although it was historically considered to be computationally prohibitive in practice, we demonstrate that the computational kernels required are no more expensive than other widely accepted methods for nonlinear optimization. The main kernel required to evaluate the penalty function and its derivatives is solving a structured linear system. We show how to solve this system efficiently by storing a single factorization each iteration when the matrices are available explicitly. We further show how to adapt the penalty function to the class of factorization-free algorithms by solving the linear system iteratively. The penalty function therefore has promise when the linear system can be solved efficiently, e.g., for PDE-constrained optimization problems where efficient preconditioners exist. We discuss extensions including handling simple constraints explicitly, regularizing the penalty function, and inexact evaluation of the penalty function and its gradients. We demonstrate the merits of the approach and its various features on some nonlinear programs from a standard test set, and some PDE-constrained optimization problems.

Published
2019
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47. Polygenic risk scores and breast and epithelial ovarian cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants

Author

Barnes, Daniel R, Rookus, Matti A, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Mooij, Thea M, Dennis, Joe, Mavaddat, Nasim, Adlard, Julian, Ahmed, Munaza, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrieu, Nadine, Andrulis, Irene L, Arnold, Norbert, Arun, Banu K, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmaña, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Benitez, Javier, Berthet, Pascaline, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M, Blok, Marinus J, Bonanni, Bernardo, Boonen, Susanne E, Borg, Åke, Bozsik, Aniko, Bradbury, Angela R, Brennan, Paul, Brewer, Carole, Brunet, Joan, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Christensen, Lise Lotte, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Colas, Chrystelle, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnès, Cook, Jackie, Daly, Mary B, Davidson, Rosemarie, de la Hoya, Miguel, de Putter, Robin, Delnatte, Capucine, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dorfling, Cecilia M, Dumont, Martine, Eeles, Ros, Ejlertsen, Bent, Engel, Christoph, Evans, D Gareth, Faivre, Laurence, Foretova, Lenka, Fostira, Florentia, Friedlander, Michael, Friedman, Eitan, Frost, Debra, Ganz, Patricia A, Garber, Judy, Gehrig, Andrea, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Gesta, Paul, Giraud, Sophie, Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Gschwantler-Kaulich, Daphne, Hahnen, Eric, Hamann, Ute, Hanson, Helen, Hentschel, Julia, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hooning, Maartje J, Horvath, Judit, Hu, Chunling, Hulick, Peter J, Imyanitov, Evgeny N, Isaacs, Claudine, Izatt, Louise, Izquierdo, Angel, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A, Janavicius, Ramunas, John, Esther M, Joseph, Vijai, Karlan, Beth Y, Kast, Karin, Koudijs, Marco, Kruse, Torben A, Kwong, Ava, Laitman, Yael, Lasset, Christine, and Lazaro, Conxi

Subjects
Clinical Research, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Breast Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Heterozygote, Humans, Mutation, Ovarian Neoplasms, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, BRCA1, 2, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, PRS, genetics, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, kConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, GENEPSO Investigators, Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA and BRCA2, BRCA1/2, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

PurposeWe assessed the associations between population-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) for breast (BC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with cancer risks for BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers.MethodsRetrospective cohort data on 18,935 BRCA1 and 12,339 BRCA2 female pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestry were available. Three versions of a 313 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BC PRS were evaluated based on whether they predict overall, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, or ER-positive BC, and two PRS for overall or high-grade serous EOC. Associations were validated in a prospective cohort.ResultsThe ER-negative PRS showed the strongest association with BC risk for BRCA1 carriers (hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation = 1.29 [95% CI 1.25-1.33], P = 3×10-72). For BRCA2, the strongest association was with overall BC PRS (HR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.27-1.36], P = 7×10-50). HR estimates decreased significantly with age and there was evidence for differences in associations by predicted variant effects on protein expression. The HR estimates were smaller than general population estimates. The high-grade serous PRS yielded the strongest associations with EOC risk for BRCA1 (HR = 1.32 [95% CI 1.25-1.40], P = 3×10-22) and BRCA2 (HR = 1.44 [95% CI 1.30-1.60], P = 4×10-12) carriers. The associations in the prospective cohort were similar.ConclusionPopulation-based PRS are strongly associated with BC and EOC risks for BRCA1/2 carriers and predict substantial absolute risk differences for women at PRS distribution extremes.

Published
2020

48. Carboplatin dosing in the treatment of ovarian cancer: An NRG oncology group study

Author

Praiss, Aaron M., Miller, Austin, Smith, Judith, Lichtman, Stuart M., Bookman, Michael, Aghajanian, Carol, Sabbatini, Paul, Backes, Floor, Cohn, David E., Argenta, Peter, Friedlander, Michael, Goodheart, Michael J., Mutch, David G., Gershenson, David M., Tewari, Krishnansu S., Wenham, Robert M., Wahner Hendrickson, Andrea E., Lee, Roger B., Gray, Heidi, Secord, Angeles Alvarez, Van Le, Linda, and O'Cearbhaill, Roisin E.

Published
2023
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50. The effect of older age on treatment outcomes in women with advanced ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy: An NRG-Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG-0182-ICON5) ancillary study

Author

Sia, Tiffany Y., Tew, William P., Purdy, Christopher, Chi, Dennis S., Menzin, Andrew W., Lovecchio, John L., Bookman, Michael A., Cohn, David E., Teoh, Deanna G., Friedlander, Michael, Bender, David, Mutch, David G., Gershenson, David M., Tewari, Krishnansu S., Wenham, Robert M., Wahner Hendrickson, Andrea E., Lee, Roger B., Gray, Heidi J., Secord, Angeles Alvarez, Van Le, Linda, and Lichtman, Stuart M.

Published
2023
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