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The preparation of 7-hydroxy-3-carboxycoumarin starting from 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and malonitrile, by one-pot consecutive reactions, carried out in water under heterogenous conditions is presented. The experiment encourages students to think in terms of reaction mechanisms.

Research has been conducted on 3-nitrocoumarins with electron-rich dienophiles. The study of [4+2] cycloadditions of these compounds carried out in water, in organic solvents and in neat conditions is presented.

Research has been conducted on the asymmetric carbon-carbon formation, Diels-Alder, Michael, and aldol reactions. The synthesis of the planar chiral 1,3-oxazol-2(3H)-one and its applications in asymmetric carbon-carbon bond formation are described.

Research has been conducted on the primary, allylic, benzylic, secondary, hindered secondary and tertiary alcohols and phenols. The trimethylsilylation of these alcohols and phenols has been carried out and the results are reported.

Research has been conducted on the Lewis acids. The use of these acids as catalysts in an aqueous medium has been investigated.

Research has been conducted on the cycloadditions of nitroalkenes. The [4+2] cycloadditions of these nitroalkenes with achiral and enantiopure vinyl ethers have been carried out in sole water and the results are discussed.

Research has been conducted on the alpha,beta-epoxycarboxylic acids. The investigation of the bromolysis and iodolysis of these acids in pure water has been carried out and the results are presented.

Research has been conducted on the InCl (sub)3, Yb(OTf) (sub)3 and Sc(OTf) (sub)3. The catalytic efficiency of these compounds in the alpha,beta-epoxycarboxylic acid azidolysis has been investigated in water and in organic solvents and the results are discussed.

A novel method for the synthesis of (R)-4-hydroxy-, -4-fluoro, -4-bromo and -4-iodo[2.2]paracyclophanes was developed based on the utilization of (R)-(-)-4-amino[2.2]paracyclophane. The synthetic strategy was characterized by the generation of (R)-(-)-4-amino[2.2]cyclophane by the metalation of (R)-(-)-4-bromo[2.2]paracyclophane with n-butyllithium and successive animation of the resulting 4-lithio derivative. The target compound was also obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of (R)-4-acetoxy[2.2]paracyclophane which was derived from the intermediate product.

Allylic alcohols such as geraniol and nerol undergo epoxidation with peroxy acids in aqueous medium and produce the corresponding epoxides in high yield. The introduction of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide increases the afforded yields in reactions involving magnesium monoperoxyphthalate and monoperoxyphthalic acid. The efficiency of the surfactant relies on the interaction of epoxidation reactivity, alcohol solubility and reactant orientation. Additionally, the regulation of the medium's pH determines the regioselectivity of the reaction.

Strategy represents both a stereoselective and a chemically efficient route for preparing new sulfur-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-containing ILs and also a very promising approach for the synthesis of optically active ILs, considering the enantiopure 1,2-epoxides are easily accessible. To synthesize a variety of optically active ionic liquids based on oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing heterocyclic systems.

Aldol-like condensations and oxidation and cycloaddition reactions have been conducted in aqueous medium and it has been observed that the control of pH is critical in achieving high yields and high selectivities. The azidolysis of epoxides was conducted in water. Results revealed that both the reactivity and regioselectivity of the epoxide ring cleavage reaction in water and the competition of azido ion with the water or with hydroxide ion can be controlled by using the appropriate pH value.

The mechanisms that mediate the epoxidation of cycloalkenols were analyzed during the reaction of monoperoxyphthalic acid (MPPA) with allyl- and homoallylcycloalkenols. The chemical reaction was characterized by the regiocontrolled epoxidation of allyl- and homoallylcycloalkenols in a strong alkaline medium. The transition state that was produced by the epoxidation process was also stabilized by the interaction of the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group and the oxygen of the peroxycarboxylate units of the peracid.

TBAF-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of 2-aryl-1-cyano- or 2-aryl-1-carbethoxy-1-nitroethenes with TMSN(sub 3) under SFC allow the corresponding 4-aryl-5-cyano- or 4-aryl-5-carbethoxy-1H-1,2,3-triazoles to be prepared under mild reaction conditions and with good to excellent yields (70-90%). The proposed protocol does not require dried glassware to inert atmosphere.

Benzo[e]1,4-oxathiepin-5-ones is easily prepared in a regio-and diastereoselective manner and in satisfactory yields under solvent-free conditions by a one-pot protocol including nucleophilic ring opening of 1,2-epoxides by thiosalicyclic acid and thermally induced lactonization of beta-hydroxy arylsufides.

The NaOH-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective thiolysis of cyclic and acyclic alpha,beta-epoxyketones with thiols in water is reported. Further, its application to the synthesis of a variety of vinyl sulfides, vinyl sulfoxides and the 1,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-4H-1,2,3-benzotriazo-4-one is illustrated.

The [4 + 2] cycloadditions of 3-nitrocoumarin, 6-chloro-3-nitrocoumarin and 8-hydroxy-3-nitrocoumarins with (E)-piperylene, isoprene, 2,3-dimenthyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-methoxy-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimenthoxy-1,3-butadiene and cyclopentadiene were investigated.

Research has been conducted on 1,2-epoxides. The authors report that the thiolysis of these compounds in water can be accelerated by ZnCl (sub)2 if amino- and carboxythiophenols are not used.

Research has been conducted on alpha-hydroxy-beta-amino acids. The authors describe the synthesis of these acids carried out in water via the use of the copper catalyst recovered and reused during the procedure.