20 results on '"Frio, Federico"'
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2. Ommaya Reservoir System for the Treatment of Cystic Craniopharyngiomas: Surgical Results in a Series of 11 Adult Patients and Review of the Literature
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Frio, Federico, Solari, Domenico, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Cappabianca, Paolo, Raverot, Gérald, and Jouanneau, Emmanuel
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- 2019
- Full Text
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3. Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery: History and Evolution
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Cavallo, Luigi M., Somma, Teresa, Solari, Domenico, Iannuzzo, Gianpiero, Frio, Federico, Baiano, Cinzia, and Cappabianca, Paolo
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- 2019
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4. Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Approach
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Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Di Somma, Alberto, Briganti, Francesco, Solari, Domenico, Frio, Federico, Maffei, Luigi, Cappabianca, Paolo, Cappabianca, Paolo, editor, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, editor, de Divitiis, Oreste, editor, and Esposito, Felice, editor
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- 2016
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5. A Survival Analysis with Identification of Prognostic Factors in a Series of 110 Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Before and After Introduction of the Stupp Regimen: A Single-Center Observational Study
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Illic, Rosanda, Somma, Teresa, Savic, Dragan, Frio, Federico, Milicevic, Mihailo, Solari, Domenico, Nikitovic, Marina, Lavrnic, Slobodan, Raicevic, Savo, Milosevic, Snezana, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Cappabianca, Paolo, and Grujicic, Danica
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- 2017
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6. Effect of combined treatment with a pan-PI3K inhibitor or an isoform-specific PI3K inhibitor and everolimus on cell proliferation in GH-secreting pituitary tumour in an experimental setting
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Pivonello, Claudia, Patalano, Roberta, Solari, Domenico, Auriemma, Renata S., Frio, Federico, Vitulli, Francesca, Grasso, Ludovica F. S., Di Cera, Marialuisa, De Martino, Maria Cristina, Cavallo, Luigi M., Cappabianca, Paolo, Colao, Annamaria, and Pivonello, Rosario
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- 2018
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7. Endoscopic transorbital route to the petrous apex: a feasibility anatomic study
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Di Somma, Alberto, Andaluz, Norberto, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Topczewski, Thomaz E., Frio, Federico, Gerardi, Rosa Maria, Pineda, Jose, Solari, Domenico, Enseñat, Joaquim, Prats-Galino, Alberto, and Cappabianca, Paolo
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- 2018
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8. Predicting the early visual outcomes in sellar-suprasellar lesions compressing the chiasm: the role of SD-OCT series of 20 patients operated via endoscopic endonasal approach
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SOLARI, Domenico, primary, CENNAMO, Gilda, additional, AMOROSO, Francesca, additional, FRIO, Federico, additional, DONNA, Piero, additional, IODICE D’ENZA, Alfonso, additional, MELENZANE, Antonietta, additional, SOMMA, Teresa, additional, TRANFA, Fausto, additional, and CAVALLO, Luigi M., additional
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- 2022
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9. Vasari Scoring System in Discerning between Different Degrees of Glioma and IDH Status Prediction: A Possible Machine Learning Application?
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Gemini, Laura, Tortora, Mario, Giordano, Pasqualina, Prudente, Maria Evelina, Villa, Alessandro, Vargas, Ottavia, Giugliano, Maria Francesca, Somma, Francesco, Marchello, Giulia, Chiaramonte, Carmela, Gaetano, Marcella, Frio, Federico, Di Giorgio, Eugenio, D'Avino, Alfredo, Tortora, Fabio, D'Agostino, Vincenzo, and Negro, Alberto
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,GLIOMAS ,PERCENTILES ,ISOCITRATE dehydrogenase ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves - Abstract
(1) The aim of our study is to evaluate the capacity of the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images (VASARI) scoring system in discerning between the different degrees of glioma and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) status predictions, with a possible application in machine learning. (2) A retrospective study was conducted on 126 patients with gliomas (M/F = 75/51; mean age: 55.30), from which we obtained their histological grade and molecular status. Each patient was analyzed with all 25 features of VASARI, blinded by two residents and three neuroradiologists. The interobserver agreement was assessed. A statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the distribution of the observations using a box plot and a bar plot. We then performed univariate and multivariate logistic regressions and a Wald test. We also calculated the odds ratios and confidence intervals for each variable and the evaluation matrices with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in order to identify cut-off values that are predictive of a diagnosis. Finally, we did the Pearson correlation test to see if the variables grade and IDH were correlated. (3) An excellent ICC estimate was obtained. For the grade and IDH status prediction, there were statistically significant results by evaluation of the degree of post-contrast impregnation (F4) and the percentage of impregnated area (F5), not impregnated area (F6), and necrotic (F7) tissue. These models showed good performances according to the area under the curve (AUC) values (>70%). (4) Specific MRI features can be used to predict the grade and IDH status of gliomas, with important prognostic implications. The standardization and improvement of these data (aim: AUC > 80%) can be used for programming machine learning software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study
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Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Bhangu, Aneel, Glasbey, James C, Li, Elizabeth, Omar, Omar M, Simoes, Joana FF, Abbott, Tom EF, Alser, Osaid, Arnaud, Alexis P, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K, Breen, Kerry A, Cunha, Miguel F, Davidson, Giana H, Di Saverio, Salomone, Gallo, Gaetano, Griffiths, Ewen A, Gujjuri, Rohan R, Hutchinson, Peter J, Kaafarani, Haytham MA, Lederhuber, Hans, Löffler, Markus W, Mashbari, Hassan N, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Morton, Dion G, Moszkowicz, David, Pata, Francesco, Tsoulfas, George, Venn, Mary L, Cox, Daniel, Roslani, April C, Alakaloko, Felix, de Vries, Jean-Paul PM, Aaraj, Mahmoud A, Abbott, Sarah J, Abdalla, Mutwakil OM, Abdelaal, Ahmed S, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Aherne, Thomas M, Ali, Osman M, Alkadeeki, Ghadah Z, Almeida, Ana C, Alrahawy, Mahmoud M, Ambler, Graeme K, Alameer, Ehab, Andreani, Stefano M, De Andrés-Asenjo, Beatriz, Antonanzas, Leyre Lopez, Aoun, Salah G, Ashoush, Fouad M, Augestad, Knut Magne, Avellana, Rocio B, Ayeni, Funbi A, Ayorinde, John OO, Babu, Bheemanakone H, Baig, Mirza MAS, Bajomo, Oreoluwa M, Baker, Olivia J, Baker, Markus P, Baldwin, Alexander J, Ban, Vin Shen, Baron, Ryan D, Barranquero, Alberto G, Barry, Conor P, DI Bartolomeo, Alessandro, Bass, Gary A, Bath, Michael F, Batjer, H Hunt, Beamish, Andrew J, Belgaumkar, Ajay P, Bence, Matthew N, Benson, Ruth A, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Juan Carlos, Bhama, Anuradha R, Bhavaraju, Avi V, Biffl, Walter L, Blundell, Chris M, Boddy, Alexander P, Borgstein, Alexander BJ, Bosanquet, David C, Bosch, Karen D, Bouhuwaish, Ahmad EM, Bozkurt, Mehmet A, Brathwaite, Collin EM, Brown, Benjamin C, Brown, Oliver D, Brown, Allison K, Buarque, Igor Lima, Bueno-Cañones, Alejandro D, Bulugma, Mustafa R, Burke, Joshua R, Byrne, Matthew HV, Cagigal-Ortega, Elima P, Callcut, Rachael A, DI Candido, Francesca, Canova, Michaela E, Carlos, William J, Caruana, Edward J, Cato, Liam D, Catton, Andrew B, Ceretti, Andrea Pisani, Chase, Thomas JG, Chiara, Francesco Di, Chowdhury, Abeed H, Chung, Eric A, Cicerchia, Pierfranco M, Clough, Ethan CS, Coleman, Natasha L, Collins, Chris G, Collins, Michelle L, Colonna, Emily T, Comini, Lara V, Coughlin, Patrick A, Cruzado, Laura Fernández-Gomez, Davidson, Brian R, Davies, Richard J, Davies, Emma J, Davis, Niall F, Dawson, Brett E, Dean, Benjamin JF, Delgado, Maria Garcia-Conde, Diaz, Jose J, Dickson, Kathryn E, Diez-Alonso, Manuel M, Dixon, Jan R, Doe, Matthew J, Drake, Thomas D, Drake, Frederick T, Duffy, John P, Dunne, Declan FJ, Dunne, Naomi JM, Durán-Muñoz-Cruzado, Virginia M, Durst, Alexander ZE, Eardley, Nicola J, Edwards, John G, Elfallal, Ahmed H, Elfiky, Mahmoud MA, Elliott, Jessie A, Emile, Sameh H, Emslie, Katy M, Endorf, Frederick W, Engel, Jamie L, Enjuto, Diego T, Etchill, Eric W, Evans, Jonathan P, Fahey, Brian A, Faria, Carlos S, Feo, Carlo V, Ferguson, Henry JM, Fernandez, Beatriz Dieguez, Fernandez, Andres Garcia, Fernández, Antonio J, Fernández-Pacheco, Borja Camacho, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Fonsi, Giovanni B, Font, Roser Farré, Fowler, Amy L, Fretwell, Kenneth R, Fructuoso, Lorena Sanchon, Fusai, Giuseppe K, Garcia, Miguel Hernandez, Garcia-Ureña, Miguel Angel, Gill, Charn K, Gisbertz, Suzanne S, Del Giudice, Roberto, Giuffrida, Maria Carmela, Di Giuseppe, Matteo, Gómez, María Fanjul, Guariglia, Claudio A, Hainsworth, Alison J, Hall, Bria J, Hall, James RW, Hammond, John S, Haqqani, Maha H, Harrison, Ewen M, Hazelton, Joshua P, van Heinsbergen, Maarten, Hill, Arnold DK, Hing, Caroline B, Hirji, Sameer A, Ho, Michael WS, Holbrook, Charlotte M, Holme, Thomas J, Hopkins, James C, Hopkinson, David N, Hossain, Fahad S, Hudson, Victoria E, Hughes, Jane L, Hwang, E. Shelley, Ibrahim, Mohamed AH, Isolani, Simone M, Jenkinson, Michael D, Jenny, Hillary E, Jeyaretna, Deva S, Jones, Robert P, Jones, Andrew P, Jonker, Pascal KC, Jönsson, Maria L, Joyce, Doireann P, Kalkwarf, Kyle J, Kamarajah, Sivesh K, El Kassas, Mohamed, Kavanagh, Dara O, Keatley, James M, Khalefa, Mohamed A, Khan, Jim S, Kirmani, Bilal H, Kisiel, Aaron P, Kouris, Spyros Marinos, Kowal, Mikolaj R, Labib, Peter L, Larkin, John O, Lauscher, Johannes C, Leclercq, Wouter KG, Ledesma, Frances SJ, Leite-Moreira, André M, Leung, Elaine YL, Lewis, Sophia E, Lima, Maria João, Lin, Daniel J, Liu, Helen H, Lowery, Aoife J, Lozano, Saida Martel, Luney, Catriona R, Maia, Mariana Magalhães, Mariani, Nicolò M, Marino, Marco V, Marra, Angelo A, Marsh, Christopher L, Martin, Robert CG, McCluney, Simon J, McIntyre, Robert C, Mckay, Siobhan C, McKevitt, Kevin L, Meagher, Ashley D, Mehdi, Mohammad Q, Mehigan, Brian J, Gonzalez-De Miguel, Melania, De Miguel-Ardevines, Maria-Carmen, Mills, Sarah J, Mohan, Helen M, Moir, John AG, Monson, John RT, Monteiro, Joana M, Montella, Maria T, Montesinos, Cristina Soto, Morgom, Marwa M, Moura, Francisco S, Muguerza, Jose M, Murphy, Suzanne H, De Nardi, Paola, Naumann, David N, Neary, Paul C, Neely, David TA, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S, Ngu, Albert WT, Nguyen, Truong A, Nita, George E, Nunes, Quentin M, Nygaard, Rachel M, O'Meara, Lindsay B, O'Neill, John R, Okafor, Barbara U, Olson, Steven A, Oo, Aung Y, Ormazabal, Pablo Collera, Osorio, Alexander L, Pachl, Max J, Parry, James T, Patel, Panna K, Pérez-Sánchez, Luis E, Pevidal, Ana Nogues, Pezzuto, Anna P, Philp, Matthew M, Pinkney, Thomas D, Pollok, Joerg M, Povey, Meical G, Poza, Alfredo Alonso, Rajgor, Amarkumar D, Rao, Jagan N, Raptis, Dimitri A, Rice, Henry E, Ridgway, Paul F, Rivas, Ana Munoz, Rodriguez-Sanjuan, Juan C, Rogers, Luke J, Da Roit, Anna, Rollett, Rebecca A, Romera, Jose L, Rooney, Siobhan M, Roxo, Vanessa I, Le Roy, Bertrand, Rubio, Eduardo E, Ruiz, Carolina Castro, Ruiz, Manuel Losada, Ryan, Éanna J, Saad, Abdel Rahman, Saeed, Samerah A, Salama, Hiba A, Salamah, Abdulrauf A, Sampietro, Gianluca M, Sarma, Diwakar R, Schaffer, Kathryn B, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A, Scurrah, Rachel J, Serevina, Olivia L, Serralheiro, Pedro A, Sewards, Joseph M, Shackcloth, Michael J, Shaw, Abigail V, Sheel, Andrea RG, Sica, Giuseppe S, De Simone, Veronica, Singh, Aminder A, Singh, Rabindra P, Skelly, Brendan L, Smith, Henry G, Sohail, Amir H, Spalding, Duncan R, Springford, Laurie R, Ssentongo, Anna E, Steinkamp, Pieter J, Stevens, Kent A, Stewart, Grant D, Stylianides, Nicholas A, Sullivan, Tom BB, Taher, Ahmed SA, Tamimy, Muhammad S, Tang, Alethea M, Tebala, Giovanni D, Tejero-Pintor, Francisco J, Thaha, Mohamed A, Thomas, Amy J, De Toma, Giorgio, La Torre, Filippo, Torres, Antonio J, Townshend, David N, Trout, Isobel M, Tucker, Sarah C, Ubhi, Harmony K, Vega, Viviana A, Velmahos, George C, Velopulos, Catherine G, Viswanath, Yirupaiahgari KS, Vivas, Alfredo A, Wade, Ryckie G, Wadley, Martin S, Wall, Joshua JS, Walters, Andrew M, Warren, Oliver J, Weerasinghe, Chamindri K, Wilkin, Richard JW, Williams, Katherine J, Winter, Stuart C, Wormald, Justin CR, Wright, Franklin L, Xyda, Souzana E, Young, Alastair L, Youssef, Mina MG, Yousuf, Farhat B, El Youzouri, Hanan, Zappa, Marco A, Abate, Emmanuele, Abdalaziz, Hossam, Abdelkarim, Mostafa, Abdou, Hossam, Aboelkassem-Ibrahim, Ahmad, Abuown, Ala, Acebes-Garcia, Fernando, Acharya, Metesh, Adamina, Michel, Addae-Boateng, Emmanuel, Aftab, Raiyyan, Agarwal, Arnav, Aguilar, José, Ahmed, Yousra, Aitken, Emma, Al-Azzawi, Marwa, Al-Embideen, Somya, Al-Masri, Mahmoud, Al-Najjar, Hani, Al-Sukaini, Ahmad, Alam, Ruhina, Alderson, Derek, Aliyeva, Zumrud, Aljanadi, Firas, Almasri, Murad, Alonso-Ortuño, Paula, Altintoprak, Fatih, Amira, Gamal, Amjad, Rabbia, Anania, Gabriele, Andabaka, Tatjana, Angelou, Dimitrios, Annamalai, Seethalakshmi, Annessi, Valerio, Anthoney, James, Anwar, Sibtain, Anwer, Mariyah, Aragon-Chamizo, Juan, Ardito, Antonella, Arigoni, Michele, Armao, Teodora, Arminio, Armando, Armstrong, Lara, Arnaud, Alexis, Asaad, Peter, Ashcroft, James, Ashmore, Christopher, Asqalan, Ahmad, Asti, Emanuele, Aubry, Emmanuelle, Aytac, Erman, Ayuso-Herrera, Esther, Baeza, Melody, Bailon-Cuadrado, Martin, Bakmaz, Bernarda, Baldi, Caterina, Baldini, Edoardo, Baldo, Stefano, Ballabio, Michele, Baloyiannis, Ioannis, Baltazar, Gerard, Bàmbina, Fabrizio, Bandiera, Alessandro, Barlow, Emma, Barmasse, Roberto, Barmpagianni, Christina, Baronio, Gianluca, Barra, Fabio, Bartsch, Anne-Marie, Basgaran, Amedra, Basha, Amr, Bashkirova, Varvara, Bastazza, Marco, Baumber, Rachel, Belcher, Elizabeth, Belvedere, Angela, Benítez-Linero, Inmaculada, Bergeat, Damien, Bernasconi, Matteo, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutiani, Neal, Bianco, Federica, Bisagni, Pietro, Blake, Iain, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Blazquez-Martin, Alma, Boal, Matthew, Bonavina, Luigi, Bonavina, Giulia, Bond-Smith, Giles, Booth, Karen, Borges, Filipe, Borghi, Felice, Bouchagier, Konstantinos, Bourke, Grainne, Boyle, Emily, Brachini, Gioia, Brain, Jessie, Brar, Amanpreet, Breckles, Lisa, Bretagnol, Frédéric, Brixton, Genevieve, Bruzzaniti, Placido, Bueser, Teofila, Burnside, Nathan, Caballero, Albert, Calcerrada-Alises, Enrique, Callahan, Miriam, Camarero, Enrique, Campagnaro, Tommaso, Campanelli, Michela, Candiani, Massimo, Cantalejo-Diaz, Miguel, Cao, Han, Capelli, Patrizio, Capizzi, Vita, Carcano, Giulio, Carissimi, Francesca, Carlini, Massimo, Carlucci, Michele, Carmichael, Heather, Carrasco, Milagros, Carrillo, Mariana, Carvello, Michele, Casati, Massimiliano, Castoro, Carlo, Catalan, Vanesa, Cavaleiro, Salomé, Cellerino, Paola, Centinaio, Giovanna, Cernei, Cristina, Cerro, Cristina, Cervellera, Maurizio, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Chamberlain, Stephanie, Chan, Jeffrey, Chang, Grace, Chaudhry, Dauod, Chebaro, Alexandre, Chen, David, Chetty, Govind, Chia, Zoe, Chiappini, Ambra, Chiarugi, Massimo, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Chiozza, Matteo, Cholewa, Hanna, Chong, Clara, Choolani-Bhojwani, Ekta, Christoforidis, Dimitri, Chui, Karen, Chung, Choyin, Cirillo, Bruno, Citterio, Davide, Clermidi, Pauline, Coccolini, Federico, Colletti, Gaia, Compagnoni, Bruno, Concepción-Martín, Vanesa, Confalonieri, Marco, Connolly, Hannah, Conso, Christel, Conti, Luigi, Cooper, Zara, Cordera, Fernando, Corral, Javier, Costa, Marta, Costanzi, Andrea, Cotsoglou, Christian, Cozza, Valerio, Cuming, Tamzin, Curtis, Miles, Cuschieri, Joseph, D'Agruma, Michele, D'Andrea, Giancarlo, Daliya, Prita, Dare, Oliver, Darko, Ebenezer, Day, Andrew, Dehal, Ahmed, Dehart, Dustin, Delgado-Oliver, Eduardo, Denning, Max, Desai, Anant, Desender, Liesbeth, Dester, Sara, Díaz-García, Alberto, Diaz-Peña, Patricia, Dousset, Bertrand, Doussot, Alexandre, Duchateau, Nicolas, Duff, Sarah, Dunning, Joel, Duque-Mallen, Victoria, Dziakova, Jana, Egan, Bridget, Egan, Richard, El-Ali, Abess, Elfeki, Hossam, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eljareh, Mohammed, Elkady, Ramy, Elkhafeefi, Fatimah, Elmore, Ugo, Elmoslemany, Tarek, Emmerson, Oliver, Enemosah, Ibrahim, English, Camilla, English, William, Escartin, Jorge, Estaire-Gomez, Mercedes, Evans, Luke, Evans, Jessica, Exley, Rebecca, Fabbri, Nicoló, Falco, Giuseppe, Familiari, Pietro, Fancellu, Alessandro, Farik, Shebani, Farrell, Tony, Fehervari, Matyas, Fell, Adam, Fernandez-Camuñas, Angel, Fernández-Marín, Reyes, Fernández-Martínez, María, Ferrara, Francesco, Ferrari, Guglielmo, Ferrero, Simone, Findlay, Laura, Fiore, Marco, Fiori, Enrico, Flatman, Michael, Flindall, Ian, Flor, Blas, Fontana, Tommaso, Ford, Samuel, Ford, David, Forlani, Stefano, Francone, Elisa, Frattaruolo, Colomba, Frio, Federico, Gagliano, Annalisa, Gagliardi, Filippo, Gahunia, Sukhpreet, Gaino, Francesca, Gala, Tanzeela, Galfrascoli, Elisa, Galimberti, Luca, Gallagher, Phoebe, Galleano, Raffaele, Galván-Pérez, Armando, Gammeri, Emanuele, Ganau, Mario, Garcés-García, Raúl, Garulli, Gianluca, Gascon-Ferrer, Isabel, Gattolin, Andrea, Gaujoux, Sebastien, Gentilli, Sergio, Georgiades, Fanourios, Ghanbari, Amir, Ghosh, Dhruv, Giacometti, Marco, Giblin, Anna-Victoria, Gilbert, Catherine, Giménez, Clara, Giorgakis, Emmanouil, Gipponi, Manuel, Glen, Paul, Goatly, Giles, Gobatti, Davide, Godbole, Chintamani, Gohil, Kajal, Gómez, Marcos, Gomez-Rosado, Juan-Carlos, Gonullu, Emre, Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Gordini, Luca, Gracia, Isabel, Gracia-Roche, Carlos, Granieri, Stefano, Green, Susanna, Grivon, Manuela, Grove, Thomas, Guaglio, Marcello, Guaitoli, Eleonora, Guglielmi, Alfredo, Guha, Soumya, Gustavino, Claudio, Habeeb, Amir, Hagger, Robert, Hakmi, Hazim, Halkias, Constantine, Hall, Claire, Hampton, Matthew, Handa, Siddhartha, Hansen, Laura, Haq, Iram, Harky, Amer, Harries, Rhiannon, Harrison, Joseph, Hasan, Raashad, Hawari, Mohammad, Hawkin, Paul, Hebblethwaite, Bethany, Henriques, Susana, Heritage, Emily, Hernandez-Juara, Pilar, Herrero-Lopez, Maria, Hervieux, Erik, Heyd, Bruno, Higgs, Simon, Hitchman, Louise, Ho, Beatrice, Hogan, Aisling, Hölzle, Frank, Hossain, Tanvir, Hurt, Libor, Hutchinson, Peter, Iacob, Giulio, Iannone, Immacolata, Ibrahim, Sherif, Iovino, Domenico, Isik, Arda, Jafarova, Sevda, Jamil, Tahir, Jayaraju, Ullas, Jenner, Edward, Jimenez-Higuera, Elisa, Jimeno, Jaime, Jones, Mark, Judkins, Nicholas, Kalavrezos, Nicholas, Kalidindi, Venugopala, Kalkat, Maninder, Kamal, Mona, Kamphues, Carsten, Kang, Chong, Kara, Yasin, Karam, Edward, Karim, Ahmed, Kashora, Florence, Kearney, David, Khajuria, Apoorva, Khan, Umul, Khan, Azam, Khatri, Chetan, Kinnaman, Gabriel, Kinross, James, Kler, Aaron, Klimopoulos, Serafeim, Kocataş, Ali, Kolias, Angelos, Königsrainer, Alfred, Konsten, Joop, Kontovounisios, Christos, Kourdouli, Amar, Krishnan, Emily, Kristinsson, Sverrir, Kruijff, Schelto, Kudsk-Iversen, Søren, Kufeji, Dorothy, Kugler, Nadav, Kulkarni, Rugved, Kurihara, Hayato, Laface, Letizia, Lakkis, Zaher, Lami, Mariam, Landaluce-Olavarria, Aitor, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Lawani, Ismail, Lawday, Samuel, Lázaro, André, Lecolle, Katia, Leventoglu, Sezai, Li, Zoe, Liew, Ignatius, Lisi, Giorgio, Lizzi, Vincenzo, Lo, Terence, Lomiento, Daniele, Longhi, Marco, Lostis, Emilie, Lostoridis, Eftychios, Loubani, Mahmoud, Lowy-Benoliel, Alejandro, Lucianetti, Alessandro, Luke, Louis, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Luraghi, Marco, Lye, George, Mabrouk, Islam, Macchi, Alberto, MacDonald, Luisa, Machairas, Nikolaos, Madonini, Marco, Magowan, Drew, Maisonneuve, Emeline, Majkowska, Agata, Majkowski, Lawrence, Mak, Jason, Malabarba, Stefano, Malerba, Michele, Mannan, Syed, Manson, Joanna, Mansuri, Ahmer, Mantoglu, Baris, Manu, Nichola, Maqsood, Afnan, Marano, Alessandra, Marchbank, Adrian, Marcos-Santos, Pablo, Marrano, Enrico, Martin, Janet, Martin, Emmeline, Martin, Guy, Martin-Albo, Lorena, Martín-Román, Lorena, Martinelli, Fabio, Martínez-dePaz, Fernando, Martinez-German, Antonio, Martinez-Pinedo, Carlos, Martins, Ricardo, Marwan, Hisham, Marzi, Federica, Mathieu, Pierre, Matute-Najarro, Maria-Soledad, Maw, Andrew, Mazingi, Dennis, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, McCanny, Andrew, McKenzie, Katherine, McLarty, Nicola, McPherson, Iain, Medina, Esther, Mediratta, Saniya, Medone, Marzia, Mehra, Gautam, Mele, Simone, Melero-Cortés, Lidia, Mendoza-Moreno, Fernando, Meneghini, Simona, Mercante, Giuseppe, Merdrignac, Aude, Merola, Stephen, Metallidis, Symeon, Michel, Martin, Migliore, Marco, Mihanovic, Jakov, Miller, Douglas, Mingoli, Andrea, Minto, Gary, Mirabella, Antonello, Misra, Nikhil, Mitrasinovic, Stefan, Miu, Victor, Moawad, Nader, Mochet, Sylvie, Modabber, Ali, Mohammad, Adam, Mohan, Midhun, Moliner-Sánchez, Carmen, Mongelli, Francesco, Monteleone, Michela, Montuori, Mauro, Moore, Rachel, Mora-Guzmán, Ismael, Morales, Xavier, Morales, Dieter, Morelli, Luca, Morelli, Lucia, Morgan, Richard, Morris, Chris, Mortini, Pietro, Mosca, Angelo, Motter, Dema, Moug, Susan, Mukherjee, Samrat, Najdy, Manhal, Nakas, Apostolos, Namazov, Ilgar, Naredla, Pradyumna, Nasef, Emmhamed, Nassa, Heeam, Nath, Rahul, Navarro-Sánchez, Antonio, Nazarian, Scarlet, Negri, Giampiero, Nehra, Deepika, Neil-Dwyer, Jason, Neri, Jacopo, Newton, Katy, Nikaj, Herald, Niquen, Milagros, Nobile, Sara, Nogueiro, Jorge, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Nugent, Michael, Núñez, Jordi, Ocaña, Juan, Okechukwu, Valentine, Oliva-Mompean, Fernando, Oliveira, Ana, Ollat, Didier, Onos, Lavinia, Osagie-Clouard, Liza, Osman, Khabab, Ottolina, Jessica, Ourieff, Jared, Outani, Oumaima, Oyewole, Bankole, Ozben, Volkan, Pacheco-Sanchez, David, Padilla-Valverde, David, Pai, Madhava, Paiella, Salvatore, Paisley, Samuel, Palini, Gianmarco, Palmeri, Matteo, Panahi, Pedram, Parente, Alessandro, Parlanti, Daniele, Parmar, Chetan, Pascual, Angela, Patel, Mahul, Pathak, Abhijit, Patil, Sangram, Pattyn, Piet, Peckham-Cooper, Adam, Pedrazzani, Corrado, Pellino, Gianluca, Peluso, Chiara, Pereira, André, Pereira-Neves, António, Perez-Diaz, MD, Pérez-González, Marta, Pérez-Saborido, Baltasar, Perivoliotis, Konstantinos, Perkins, Clare, Peros, Georgios, Perotto, Ornella, Perra, Teresa, Petrone, Patrizio, Phenix, George, Picazo, Sara, Picon-Rodriguez, Rafael, Piloni, Martina, Pingarrón-Martín, Lorena, Pinotti, Enrico, Pisanu, Adolfo, Pizzini, Paolo, Pockney, Peter, Podda, Mauro, Podolsky, Dina, Poggioli, Gilberto, Pompili, Cecilia, Pontari, Michael, Porcu, Alberto, Potter, Ryan, Price, Claire, Pruvot, François-René, Pujol-Muncunill, Roger, Puppo, Andrea, Quante, Markus, Quintana-Villamandos, Begoña, Qureshi, Ali, Radenkovic, Dejan, Rakvin, Ivan, Ramallo-Solís, Irene, Ramcharan, Sean, Ramos, Diego, Ramos-Bonilla, Antonio, Ramzi, Joussi, Rathinam, Sridhar, Rausa, Emanuele, Ravaioli, Matteo, Ravindran, Sharanya, Raymond, Thomas, Razik, Aisha, Redfern, Jennifer, Reguera-Rosal, Julio, Rela, Mariam, Rey-Biel, Juan, Rey-Valcarcel, Cristina, Ribolla, Marta, Richards, Tomos, Richmond, Michael, Righini, Erminio, Rio-Gomez, Javier, Riyat, Harjoat, Rizvi, Sana, Roberts, Keith, Roberts, Matthew, Robertson, Stuart, Robertson, Ronald, Robin-Valle, Alvaro, Rochon, Melissa, Rojo, Mikel, Rolli, Luigi, Romano, Silvio, Ross, Elizabeth, Ross, Howard, Rossborough, Catherine, Rottoli, Matteo, Ruiz-Grande, Fernando, Ruiz-Martin, Irene, Ruiz-Soriano, María, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Ryska, Ondrej, Saez, Carlos, Sagnotta, Andrea, Sahnan, Kapil, Sahni, Arun, Salim, Ali, Sallam, Ibrahim, Salvia, Roberto, Samadov, Elgun, Sammarco, Giuseppe, Sampaio-Alves, Mafalda, Sánchez-Arteaga, Alejandro, Sanchez-Fuentes, Maria-Nieves, Sanchez-Pelaez, Daniel, Sanchez-Perez, Coral, Sanchez-Rubio, Maria, Sancho-Muriel, Jorge, Sanders, Julie, Santero-Ramirez, Maria-Pilar, Santora, Thomas, Santoro, Antonio, Santos, Irene, Santos-Sousa, Hugo, Sapienza, Paolo, Sartarelli, Lodovico, Sarveswaran, Janahan, Sasia, Diego, Saudemont, Alain, Saudi-Moro, Sef, Saxena, Shobhit, Saxena, Dolly, Sayasneh, Ahmad, Scalabre, Aurelien, Schache, Andrew, Schiavina, Riccardo, Schineis, Christian, Schreckenbach, Teresa, Scorza, Antonella, Scott, Lucy, Seegert, Sara, Seguin-Givelet, Agathe, Senent-Boza, Ana, Seymour, Keith, Shabana, Amanda, Shah, Karishma, Shah, Jigar, Shah, Preena, Shah, Sujay, Shakir, Taner, Shalaby, Mostafa, Shankar, Sushma, Shaw, Richard, Shehata, Sameh, Shenfine, Amy, Sheridan, Kelda, Sherief, Ahmed, Sherief, Mohamed, Sherif, Mohamed, Shinkwin, Michael, Shu, Sebastian, Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Sileri, Pierpaolo, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Shailendra, Sinha, Sanjay, Sinha, Deepti, Siragusa, Leandro, Sivaprakasam, Rajesh, Sivayoganathan, Sriharan, Smillie, Robert, Smith, Claire, Smith, Andrew, Smith, Christopher, Sochorova, Dana, Soggiu, Fiammetta, Sohrabi, Catrin, Solari, Francesca, Solli, Piergiorgio, Soreide, Kjetil, Spinelli, Antonino, Spoletini, Domenico, Spriano, Giuseppe, Sravanam, Sanskrithi, Ssentongo, Paddy, Stanger, Sophie, Stavroulias, Dionisios, Steel, Ben, Stella, Marco, Stewart, Robbie, Stringer, Sally, Sulen, Nina, Sundar, Sudha, Sundhu, Matthew, Suri, Avni, Syed, Arooj, Szatmary, Peter, Tabiri, Stephen, Tadross, Daniel, Taglietti, Lucio, Tansey, Rosamond, Tartaglia, Dario, Tawheed, Ahmed, Tayeh, Salim, Teles, Tobias, Testa, Valentina, Tewari, Nilanjana, Thoenissen, Philipp, Thomas, Kane, Thomin, Anne, Thrush, Jessica, Tierney, Sean, Tiwari, Abhinav, Toh, Simon, Toledo, Enrique, Tonini, Valeria, Torkington, Jared, Torquati, Alfonso, Torzilli, Guido, Totty, Joshua, Tourountzi, Paraskevi, Tousidonis, Manuel, Townend, Philip, Townsend, Catherine, Trompeter, Alex, Trotta, Francesco, Truant, Stéphanie, Trujillo-Díaz, Jeancarlos, Tsoulfas, Georgios, Turco, Celia, Turrado-Rodriguez, Victor, Turri, Giulia, Tustin, Harry, Tyler, Jayne, Tzedakis, Stylianos, Tzovaras, George, Uittenbogaart, Martine, Ullah, Ramzan, Urban, Shane, Urbani, Alessia, Usai, Antonella, Vaccarella, Gianpaolo, Valdes-Hernandez, Javier, Valsecchi, Luca, Vashisht, Rajiv, Vázquez-Fernández, Andrea, Venn, Mary, Vera-Mansilla, Cristina, Vergari, Roberto, Vescio, Giuseppina, Vidya, Raghavan, Vieira, Paula, Vijay, Vardhini, Vimalachandran, Dale, Violante, Tommaso, Volpe, Anita, Vovola, Fernanda, Vulliamy, Paul, Wall, Rosemary, Wallwork, Kate, Ward, Alex, Warwick, David, Waseem, Saima, Weaver, Helen, Wells, Fiona, Wen, Jiaxin, West, Raha, Whitehall, Emma, Wild, Laura, Wilkins, Alex, Williams, Gethin, Williams, Matthew, Winnand, Philipp, Wong, Ken, Worku, Dawit, Wright, Naomi, Yalamanchili, Seema, Yershov, Danylo, Yildiz, Alp, Young, Richard, Yurttas, Can, Zadegan, Frederic, Zafar, Noman, Zakaria, Rasheed, Zambon, Martina, Zanini, Nicola, Zarate, Alba, Zerbib, Philippe, Zizzo, Maurizio, Zmora, Oded, Zonta, Sandro, van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I, van der Plas, Willemijn Y, Ali, Inthekab Ali Mohamed, Bakri, Nur Amalina Che, Bauset, Juan Carlos Catalá, Abou Chaar, Mohamad K, Marino Cosentino, Luigi MP, Gómez Díaz, Carlos J, Garcia Galocha, Jose L, de Gheldere, Charles, Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça, Beltrán de Heredia, Juan, Blazer III, Dan G, Nugent III, William C, Ali karar, Ali A, Borja De Lacy, F, Blas Laina, Juan luis, Shane Lester, Madan Jha, Liyanage, Aloka S D, Al Maadany, Faraj S, De Marchi, Joshua A, Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio, Mithany, Reda H M, Sanchez del Pueblo, Cristina, van Ramshorst, Gabriëlle, De Salas, Maria Marqueta, De Souza, Anthony C, Dolores Del Toro, M, Archer, James E, Odeh, Abdulrahman, Erridge, Simon, Salem, Hosni Khairy, Jones, Gareth P, Gardner, Anne, Tripathi, Shiva S, Gregg, Anne, Jeganathan, Reuben, Siddique, Muhammad Harris, Lombardi, Celestino P, Martin, Benjamin, Leo, Cosimo Alex, Dass, Debashis, Di Franco, Gregorio, Jiao, Long R, Mari, Giulio Maria, Capitan-Morales, Luis-Cristobal, Connelly, Tara M, Alanbuki, Ammar, De Virgilio, Armando, Schilling, Clare, San Miguel Mendez, Carlos, Kulkarni, Gauri, Nizami, Kulsoom, Walsh, Stewart, Dean, Harry, Ruiz-Marin, Miguel, Houston, Rory, Trompetto, Mario, Chrastek, David, Kouritas, Vasileios, Cannoletta, Maria, Rosato, Francesco, Kaushal, Manish V, Costa, Paulo Matos, Elkadi, Hannah H, Johnstone, Jack R, Irvine, Esmee, Alvarez, Maria R, Corbellini, Carlo, Venkatesan, Gowtham S, Mateo-Sierra, Olga, Martínez-Pérez, Carolina, Serrano González, Javier, Hernández Bartolomé, Miguel Ángel, Díaz Pérez, David, Gutiérrez Samaniego, María, Galindo Jara, Pablo, Sharma, Neil, Smart, Neil J, Keller, Deborah S, COVIDsurg Collaborative, [missing], Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Glasbey, James C, Li, Elizabeth, Omar, Omar M, Simoes, Joana FF, Abbott, Tom EF, Alser, Osaid, Arnaud, Alexis P, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K, Breen, Kerry A, Cunha, Miguel F, Davidson, Giana H, Di Saverio, Salomone, Gallo, Gaetano, Griffiths, Ewen A, Gujjuri, Rohan R, Hutchinson, Peter J, Kaafarani, Haytham MA, Lederhuber, Han, Löffler, Markus W, Mashbari, Hassan N, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Morton, Dion G, Moszkowicz, David, Pata, Francesco, Tsoulfas, George, Venn, Mary L, Bhangu, Aneel, Cox, Daniel, Roslani, April C, Alakaloko, Felix, de Vries, Jean-Paul PM, Aaraj, Mahmoud A, Abbott, Sarah J, Abdalla, Mutwakil OM, Abdelaal, Ahmed S, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Aherne, Thomas M, Ali, Osman M, Alkadeeki, Ghadah Z, Almeida, Ana C, Alrahawy, Mahmoud M, Ambler, Graeme K, Alameer, Ehab, Andreani, Stefano M, De Andrés-Asenjo, Beatriz, Antonanzas, Leyre Lopez, Aoun, Salah G, Ashoush, Fouad M, Augestad, Knut Magne, Avellana, Rocio B, Ayeni, Funbi A, Ayorinde, John OO, Babu, Bheemanakone H, Baig, Mirza MAS, Bajomo, Oreoluwa M, Baker, Olivia J, Baker, Markus P, Baldwin, Alexander J, Ban, Vin Shen, Baron, Ryan D, Barranquero, Alberto G, Barry, Conor P, DI Bartolomeo, Alessandro, Bass, Gary A, Bath, Michael F, Batjer, H Hunt, Beamish, Andrew J, Belgaumkar, Ajay P, Bence, Matthew N, Benson, Ruth A, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Juan Carlo, Bhama, Anuradha R, Bhavaraju, Avi V, Biffl, Walter L, Blundell, Chris M, Boddy, Alexander P, Borgstein, Alexander BJ, Bosanquet, David C, Bosch, Karen D, Bouhuwaish, Ahmad EM, Bozkurt, Mehmet A, Brathwaite, Collin EM, Brown, Benjamin C, Brown, Oliver D, Brown, Allison K, Buarque, Igor Lima, Bueno-Cañones, Alejandro D, Bulugma, Mustafa R, Burke, Joshua R, Byrne, Matthew HV, Cagigal-Ortega, Elima P, Callcut, Rachael A, DI Candido, Francesca, Canova, Michaela E, Carlos, William J, Caruana, Edward J, Cato, Liam D, Catton, Andrew B, Ceretti, Andrea Pisani, Chase, Thomas JG, Chiara, Francesco Di, Chowdhury, Abeed H, Chung, Eric A, Cicerchia, Pierfranco M, Clough, Ethan CS, Coleman, Natasha L, Collins, Chris G, Collins, Michelle L, Colonna, Emily T, Comini, Lara V, Connolly, Tara M, Coughlin, Patrick A, Cruzado, Laura Fernández-Gomez, Davidson, Brian R, Davies, Richard J, Davies, Emma J, Davis, Niall F, Dawson, Brett E, Dean, Benjamin JF, Delgado, Maria Garcia-Conde, Diaz, Jose J, Dickson, Kathryn E, Diez-Alonso, Manuel M, Dixon, Jan R, Doe, Matthew J, Drake, Thomas D, Drake, Frederick T, Duffy, John P, Dunne, Declan FJ, Dunne, Naomi JM, Durán-Muñoz-Cruzado, Virginia M, Durst, Alexander ZE, Eardley, Nicola J, Edwards, John G, Elfallal, Ahmed H, Elfiky, Mahmoud MA, Elliott, Jessie A, Emile, Sameh H, Emslie, Katy M, Endorf, Frederick W, Engel, Jamie L, Enjuto, Diego T, Etchill, Eric W, Evans, Jonathan P, Fahey, Brian A, Faria, Carlos S, Feo, Carlo V, Ferguson, Henry JM, Fernandez, Beatriz Dieguez, Fernandez, Andres Garcia, Fernández, Antonio J, Fernández-Pacheco, Borja Camacho, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Fonsi, Giovanni B, Font, Roser Farré, Fowler, Amy L, Franco, Gregorio Di, Fretwell, Kenneth R, Fructuoso, Lorena Sanchon, Fusai, Giuseppe K, Garcia, Miguel Hernandez, Garcia-Ureña, Miguel Angel, Gill, Charn K, Gisbertz, Suzanne S, Del Giudice, Roberto, Giuffrida, Maria Carmela, Di Giuseppe, Matteo, Gómez, María Fanjul, González, Javier Serrano, Guariglia, Claudio A, Hainsworth, Alison J, Hall, Bria J, Hall, James RW, Hammond, John S, Haqqani, Maha H, Harrison, Ewen M, Hazelton, Joshua P, van Heinsbergen, Maarten, Hill, Arnold DK, Hing, Caroline B, Hirji, Sameer A, Ho, Michael WS, Holbrook, Charlotte M, Holme, Thomas J, Hopkins, James C, Hopkinson, David N, Hossain, Fahad S, Hudson, Victoria E, Hughes, Jane L, Hwang, E. Shelley, Ibrahim, Mohamed AH, Isolani, Simone M, Jara, Pablo Galindo, Jenkinson, Michael D, Jenny, Hillary E, Jeyaretna, Deva S, Jones, Robert P, Jones, Andrew P, Jonker, Pascal KC, Jönsson, Maria L, Joyce, Doireann P, Kalkwarf, Kyle J, Kamarajah, Sivesh K, El Kassas, Mohamed, Kavanagh, Dara O, Keatley, James M, Khalefa, Mohamed A, Khan, Jim S, Kirmani, Bilal H, Kisiel, Aaron P, Kouris, Spyros Marino, Kowal, Mikolaj R, Labib, Peter L, Larkin, John O, Lauscher, Johannes C, Leclercq, Wouter KG, Ledesma, Frances SJ, Leite-Moreira, André M, Leung, Elaine YL, Lewis, Sophia E, Lima, Maria João, Lin, Daniel J, Liu, Helen H, Lowery, Aoife J, Lozano, Saida Martel, Luney, Catriona R, Maia, Mariana Magalhãe, Mariani, Nicolò M, Marino, Marco V, Marra, Angelo A, Marsh, Christopher L, Martin, Robert CG, Mccluney, Simon J, Mcintyre, Robert C, Mckay, Siobhan C, Mckevitt, Kevin L, Meagher, Ashley D, Mehdi, Mohammad Q, Mehigan, Brian J, Gonzalez-De Miguel, Melania, De Miguel-Ardevines, Maria-Carmen, Miguel-Mendez, Carlos San, Mills, Sarah J, Mohan, Helen M, Moir, John AG, Monson, John RT, Monteiro, Joana M, Montella, Maria T, Montesinos, Cristina Soto, Morgom, Marwa M, Moura, Francisco S, Muguerza, Jose M, Murphy, Suzanne H, De Nardi, Paola, Naumann, David N, Neary, Paul C, Neely, David TA, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S, Ngu, Albert WT, Nguyen, Truong A, Nita, George E, Nunes, Quentin M, Nygaard, Rachel M, O'Meara, Lindsay B, O'Neill, John R, Okafor, Barbara U, Olson, Steven A, Oo, Aung Y, Ormazabal, Pablo Collera, Osorio, Alexander L, Pachl, Max J, Parry, James T, Patel, Panna K, Pérez, David Díaz, Pérez, Carolina Martínez, Pérez-Sánchez, Luis E, Pevidal, Ana Nogue, Pezzuto, Anna P, Philp, Matthew M, Pinkney, Thomas D, Pollok, Joerg M, Povey, Meical G, Poza, Alfredo Alonso, Rajgor, Amarkumar D, Rao, Jagan N, Raptis, Dimitri A, Rice, Henry E, Ridgway, Paul F, Rivas, Ana Munoz, Rodriguez-Sanjuan, Juan C, Rogers, Luke J, Da Roit, Anna, Rollett, Rebecca A, Romera, Jose L, Rooney, Siobhan M, Roxo, Vanessa I, Le Roy, Bertrand, Rubio, Eduardo E, Ruiz, Carolina Castro, Ruiz, Manuel Losada, Ryan, Éanna J, Saad, Abdel Rahman, Saeed, Samerah A, Salama, Hiba A, Salamah, Abdulrauf A, Samaniego, María Gutiérrez, Sampietro, Gianluca M, Sarma, Diwakar R, Schaffer, Kathryn B, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A, Scurrah, Rachel J, Serevina, Olivia L, Serralheiro, Pedro A, Sewards, Joseph M, Shackcloth, Michael J, Shaw, Abigail V, Sheel, Andrea RG, Sica, Giuseppe S, De Simone, Veronica, Singh, Aminder A, Singh, Rabindra P, Skelly, Brendan L, Smith, Henry G, Sohail, Amir H, Spalding, Duncan R, Springford, Laurie R, Ssentongo, Anna E, Steinkamp, Pieter J, Stevens, Kent A, Stewart, Grant D, Stylianides, Nicholas A, Sullivan, Tom BB, Taher, Ahmed SA, Tamimy, Muhammad S, Tang, Alethea M, Tebala, Giovanni D, Tejero-Pintor, Francisco J, Thaha, Mohamed A, Thomas, Amy J, De Toma, Giorgio, La Torre, Filippo, Torres, Antonio J, Townshend, David N, Trout, Isobel M, Tucker, Sarah C, Ubhi, Harmony K, Vega, Viviana A, Velmahos, George C, Velopulos, Catherine G, Viswanath, Yirupaiahgari KS, Vivas, Alfredo A, Wade, Ryckie G, Wadley, Martin S, Wall, Joshua JS, Walters, Andrew M, Warren, Oliver J, Weerasinghe, Chamindri K, Wilkin, Richard JW, Williams, Katherine J, Winter, Stuart C, Wormald, Justin CR, Wright, Franklin L, Xyda, Souzana E, Young, Alastair L, Youssef, Mina MG, Yousuf, Farhat B, El Youzouri, Hanan, Zappa, Marco A, Abate, Emmanuele, Abdalaziz, Hossam, Abdelkarim, Mostafa, Abdou, Hossam, Aboelkassem-Ibrahim, Ahmad, Abuown, Ala, Acebes-Garcia, Fernando, Acharya, Metesh, Adamina, Michel, Addae-Boateng, Emmanuel, Aftab, Raiyyan, Agarwal, Arnav, Aguilar, José, Ahmed, Yousra, Aitken, Emma, Al-Azzawi, Marwa, Al-Embideen, Somya, Al-Masri, Mahmoud, Al-Najjar, Hani, Al-Sukaini, Ahmad, Alam, Ruhina, Alderson, Derek, Aliyeva, Zumrud, Aljanadi, Fira, Almasri, Murad, Alonso-Ortuño, Paula, Altintoprak, Fatih, Amira, Gamal, Amjad, Rabbia, Anania, Gabriele, Andabaka, Tatjana, Angelou, Dimitrio, Annamalai, Seethalakshmi, Annessi, Valerio, Anthoney, Jame, Anwar, Sibtain, Anwer, Mariyah, Aragon-Chamizo, Juan, Ardito, Antonella, Arigoni, Michele, Armao, Teodora, Arminio, Armando, Armstrong, Lara, Arnaud, Alexi, Asaad, Peter, Ashcroft, Jame, Ashmore, Christopher, Asqalan, Ahmad, Asti, Emanuele, Aubry, Emmanuelle, Aytac, Erman, Ayuso-Herrera, Esther, Baeza, Melody, Bailon-Cuadrado, Martin, Bakmaz, Bernarda, Baldi, Caterina, Baldini, Edoardo, Baldo, Stefano, Ballabio, Michele, Baloyiannis, Ioanni, Baltazar, Gerard, Bàmbina, Fabrizio, Bandiera, Alessandro, Barlow, Emma, Barmasse, Roberto, Barmpagianni, Christina, Baronio, Gianluca, Barra, Fabio, Bartsch, Anne-Marie, Basgaran, Amedra, Basha, Amr, Bashkirova, Varvara, Bastazza, Marco, Baumber, Rachel, Belcher, Elizabeth, Belvedere, Angela, Benítez-Linero, Inmaculada, Bergeat, Damien, Bernasconi, Matteo, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutiani, Neal, Bianco, Federica, Bisagni, Pietro, Blake, Iain, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Blazquez-Martin, Alma, Boal, Matthew, Bonavina, Luigi, Bonavina, Giulia, Bond-Smith, Gile, Booth, Karen, Borges, Filipe, Borghi, Felice, Bouchagier, Konstantino, Bourke, Grainne, Boyle, Emily, Brachini, Gioia, Brain, Jessie, Brar, Amanpreet, Breckles, Lisa, Bretagnol, Frédéric, Brixton, Genevieve, Bruzzaniti, Placido, Bueser, Teofila, Burnside, Nathan, Caballero, Albert, Calcerrada-Alises, Enrique, Callahan, Miriam, Camarero, Enrique, Campagnaro, Tommaso, Campanelli, Michela, Candiani, Massimo, Cannoletta, Marina, Cantalejo-Diaz, Miguel, Cao, Han, Capelli, Patrizio, Capizzi, Vita, Carcano, Giulio, Carissimi, Francesca, Carlini, Massimo, Carlucci, Michele, Carmichael, Heather, Carrasco, Milagro, Carrillo, Mariana, Carvello, Michele, Casati, Massimiliano, Castoro, Carlo, Catalan, Vanesa, Cavaleiro, Salomé, Cellerino, Paola, Centinaio, Giovanna, Cernei, Cristina, Cerro, Cristina, Cervellera, Maurizio, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Chamberlain, Stephanie, Chan, Jeffrey, Chang, Grace, Chaudhry, Dauod, Chebaro, Alexandre, Chen, David, Chetty, Govind, Chia, Zoe, Chiappini, Ambra, Chiarugi, Massimo, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Chiozza, Matteo, Cholewa, Hanna, Chong, Clara, Choolani-Bhojwani, Ekta, Christoforidis, Dimitri, Chui, Karen, Chung, Choyin, Cirillo, Bruno, Citterio, Davide, Clermidi, Pauline, Coccolini, Federico, Colletti, Gaia, Compagnoni, Bruno, Concepción-Martín, Vanesa, Confalonieri, Marco, Connolly, Hannah, Conso, Christel, Conti, Luigi, Cooper, Zara, Corbellin, Carlo, Cordera, Fernando, Corral, Javier, Costa, Marta, Costanzi, Andrea, Cotsoglou, Christian, Cozza, Valerio, Cuming, Tamzin, Curtis, Mile, Cuschieri, Joseph, D'Agruma, Michele, D'Andrea, Giancarlo, Daliya, Prita, Dare, Oliver, Darko, Ebenezer, Day, Andrew, Dehal, Ahmed, Dehart, Dustin, Delgado-Oliver, Eduardo, Denning, Max, Desai, Anant, Desender, Liesbeth, Dester, Sara, Díaz-García, Alberto, Diaz-Peña, Patricia, Dousset, Bertrand, Doussot, Alexandre, Duchateau, Nicola, Duff, Sarah, Dunning, Joel, Duque-Mallen, Victoria, Dziakova, Jana, Egan, Bridget, Egan, Richard, El-Ali, Abe, Elfeki, Hossam, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eljareh, Mohammed, Elkadi, Hannah, Elkady, Ramy, Elkhafeefi, Fatimah, Elmore, Ugo, Elmoslemany, Tarek, Emmerson, Oliver, Enemosah, Ibrahim, English, Camilla, English, William, Ereidge, Simon, Escartin, Jorge, Estaire-Gomez, Mercede, Evans, Luke, Evans, Jessica, Exley, Rebecca, Fabbri, Nicoló, Falco, Giuseppe, Familiari, Pietro, Fancellu, Alessandro, Farik, Shebani, Farrell, Tony, Fehervari, Matya, Fell, Adam, Fernandez-Camuñas, Angel, Fernández-Marín, Reye, Fernández-Martínez, María, Ferrara, Francesco, Ferrari, Guglielmo, Ferrero, Simone, Findlay, Laura, Fiore, Marco, Fiori, Enrico, Flatman, Michael, Flindall, Ian, Flor, Bla, Fontana, Tommaso, Ford, Samuel, Ford, David, Forlani, Stefano, Francone, Elisa, Frattaruolo, Colomba, Frio, Federico, Gagliano, Annalisa, Gagliardi, Filippo, Gahunia, Sukhpreet, Gaino, Francesca, Gala, Tanzeela, Galfrascoli, Elisa, Galimberti, Luca, Gallagher, Phoebe, Galleano, Raffaele, Galván-Pérez, Armando, Gammeri, Emanuele, Ganau, Mario, Garcés-García, Raúl, Garulli, Gianluca, Gascon-Ferrer, Isabel, Gattolin, Andrea, Gaujoux, Sebastien, Gentilli, Sergio, Georgiades, Fanourio, Ghanbari, Amir, Ghosh, Dhruv, Giacometti, Marco, Giblin, Anna-Victoria, Gilbert, Catherine, Giménez, Clara, Giorgakis, Emmanouil, Gipponi, Manuel, Glen, Paul, Goatly, Gile, Gobatti, Davide, Godbole, Chintamani, Gohil, Kajal, Gómez, Marco, Gomez-Rosado, Juan-Carlo, Gonullu, Emre, Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Gordini, Luca, Gracia, Isabel, Gracia-Roche, Carlo, Granieri, Stefano, Green, Susanna, Grivon, Manuela, Grove, Thoma, Guaglio, Marcello, Guaitoli, Eleonora, Guglielmi, Alfredo, Guha, Soumya, Gustavino, Claudio, Habeeb, Amir, Hagger, Robert, Hakmi, Hazim, Halkias, Constantine, Hall, Claire, Hampton, Matthew, Handa, Siddhartha, Hansen, Laura, Haq, Iram, Harky, Amer, Harries, Rhiannon, Harrison, Joseph, Hasan, Raashad, Hawari, Mohammad, Hawkin, Paul, Hebblethwaite, Bethany, Henriques, Susana, 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D., Kugler N., Kulkarni R., Kurihara H., Laface L., Lakkis Z., Lami M., Landaluce-Olavarria A., Lapolla P., Lawani I., Lawday S., Lazaro A., Lecolle K., Leventoglu S., Li Z., Liew I., Lisi G., Lizzi V., Lo T., Lomiento D., Longhi M., Lostis E., Lostoridis E., Loubani M., Lowy-Benoliel A., Lucianetti A., Luke L., Lunevicius R., Luraghi M., Lye G., Mabrouk I., Macchi A., MacDonald L., Machairas N., Madonini M., Magowan D., Maisonneuve E., Majkowska A., Majkowski L., Mak J., Malabarba S., Malerba M., Mannan S., Manson J., Mansuri A., Mantoglu B., Manu N., Maqsood A., Marano A., Marchbank A., Marcos-Santos P., Marrano E., Martin J., Martin E., Martin G., Martin-Albo L., Martin-Roman L., Martinelli F., Martinez-dePaz F., Martinez-German A., Martinez-Pinedo C., Martins R., Marwan H., Marzi F., Mathieu P., Matute-Najarro M.-S., Maw A., Mazingi D., Mazzaferro V., McCanny A., McKenzie K., McLarty N., McPherson I., Medina E., Mediratta S., Medone M., Mehra G., Mele S., Melero-Cortes L., 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D., Parmar C., Pascual A., Patel M., Pathak A., Patil S., Pattyn P., Peckham-Cooper A., Pedrazzani C., Pellino G., Peluso C., Pereira A., Pereira-Neves A., Perez-Diaz M.D., Perez-Gonzalez M., Perez-Saborido B., Perivoliotis K., Perkins C., Peros G., Perotto O., Perra T., Petrone P., Phenix G., Picazo S., Picon-Rodriguez R., Piloni M., Pingarron-Martin L., Pinotti E., Pisanu A., Pizzini P., Pockney P., Podda M., Podolsky D., Poggioli G., Pompili C., Pontari M., Porcu A., Potter R., Price C., Pruvot F.-R., Pujol-Muncunill R., Puppo A., Quante M., Quintana-Villamandos B., Qureshi A., Radenkovic D., Rakvin I., Ramallo-Solis I., Ramcharan S., Ramos D., Ramos-Bonilla A., Ramzi J., Rathinam S., Rausa E., Ravaioli M., Ravindran S., Raymond T., Razik A., Redfern J., Reguera-Rosal J., Rela M., Rey-Biel J., Rey-Valcarcel C., Ribolla M., Richards T., Richmond M., Righini E., Rio-Gomez J., Riyat H., Rizvi S., Roberts K., Roberts M., Robertson S., Robertson R., Robin-Valle A., Rochon M., Rojo M., Rolli L., Romano S., Ross E., Ross H., Rossborough C., Rottoli M., Ruiz-Grande F., Ruiz-Martin I., Ruiz-Soriano M., Ruzzenente A., Ryska O., Saez C., Sagnotta A., Sahnan K., Sahni A., Salim A., Sallam I., Salvia R., Samadov E., Sammarco G., Sampaio-Alves M., Sanchez-Arteaga A., Sanchez-Fuentes M.-N., Sanchez-Pelaez D., Sanchez-Perez C., Sanchez-Rubio M., Sancho-Muriel J., Sanders J., Santero-Ramirez M.-P., Santora T., Santoro A., Santos I., Santos-Sousa H., Sapienza P., Sartarelli L., Sarveswaran J., Sasia D., Saudemont A., Saudi-Moro S., Saxena S., Saxena D., Sayasneh A., Scalabre A., Schache A., Schiavina R., Schineis C., Schreckenbach T., Scorza A., Scott L., Seegert S., Seguin-Givelet A., Senent-Boza A., Seymour K., Shabana A., Shah K., Shah J., Shah P., Shah S., Shakir T., Shalaby M., Shankar S., Shaw R., Shehata S., Shenfine A., Sheridan K., Sherief A., Sherief M., Sherif M., Shinkwin M., Shu S., Siaw-Acheampong K., Sileri P., Singh A., Singh S., Sinha S., Sinha D., Siragusa L., Sivaprakasam R., Sivayoganathan S., Smillie R., Smith C., Smith A., Sochorova D., Soggiu F., Sohrabi C., Solari F., Solli P., Soreide K., Spinelli A., Spoletini D., Spriano G., Sravanam S., Ssentongo P., Stanger S., Stavroulias D., Steel B., Stella M., Stewart R., Stringer S., Sulen N., Sundar S., Sundhu M., Suri A., Syed A., Szatmary P., Tabiri S., Tadross D., Taglietti L., Tansey R., Tartaglia D., Tawheed A., Tayeh S., Teles T., Testa V., Tewari N., Thoenissen P., Thomas K., Thomin A., Thrush J., Tierney S., Tiwari A., Toh S., Toledo E., Tonini V., Torkington J., Torquati A., Torzilli G., Totty J., Tourountzi P., Tousidonis M., Townend P., Townsend C., Trompeter A., Trotta F., Truant S., Trujillo-Diaz J., Turco C., Turrado-Rodriguez V., Turri G., Tustin H., Tyler J., Tzedakis S., Tzovaras G., Uittenbogaart M., Ullah R., Urban S., Urbani A., Usai A., Vaccarella G., Valdes-Hernandez J., Valsecchi L., Vashisht R., Vazquez-Fernandez A., Venn M., Vera-Mansilla C., Vergari R., Vescio G., Vidya R., Vieira P., Vijay V., Vimalachandran D., Violante T., Volpe A., Vovola F., Vulliamy P., Wall R., Wallwork K., Ward A., Warwick D., Waseem S., Weaver H., Wells F., Wen J., West R., Whitehall E., Wild L., Wilkins A., Williams G., Williams M., Winnand P., Wong K., Worku D., Wright N., Yalamanchili S., Yershov D., Yildiz A., Young R., Yurttas C., Zadegan F., Zafar N., Zakaria R., Zambon M., Zanini N., Zarate A., Zerbib P., Zizzo M., Zmora O., Zonta S., van Berge Henegouwen M.I., van der Plas W.Y., Ali I.A.M., Bakri N.A.C., Bauset J.C.C., Abou Chaar M.K., Marino Cosentino L.M., Gomez Diaz C.J., Garcia Galocha J.L., de Gheldere C.A., Ataide Gomes G.M., Beltran de Heredia J., Blazer III D.G., Nugent III W.C., Ali karar A.A., Borja De Lacy F., Blas Laina J.L., Shane Lester M.J., Liyanage A.S.D., Al Maadany F.S., De Marchi J.A., Ramos-De la Medina A., Mithany R.H.M., Sanchez del Pueblo C., van Ramshorst G.H., De Salas M.M., De Souza A.C., Dolores Del Toro M., Archer J.E., Odeh A., Erridge S., Salem H.K., Jones G.P., Gardner A., Tripathi S.S., Gregg A., Jeganathan R., Siddique M.H., Lombardi C.P., Martin B., Leo C.A., Dass D., Di Franco G., Jiao L.R., Mari G.M., Capitan-Morales L.-C., Connelly T.M., Alanbuki A., De Virgilio A., Schilling C., San Miguel Mendez C., Kulkarni G., Nizami K., Walsh S., Dean H., Ruiz-Marin M., Houston R., Trompetto M., Chrastek D., Kouritas V., Cannoletta M., Rosato F., Kaushal M.V., Costa P.M., Elkadi H.H., Johnstone J.R., Irvine E., Alvarez M.R., Corbellini C., Venkatesan G.S., Mateo-Sierra O., Martinez-Perez C., Serrano Gonzalez J., Hernandez Bartolome M.A., Diaz Perez D., Gutierrez Samaniego M., Galindo Jara P., Sharma N., Smart N.J., Keller D.S., AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Surgery, Graduate School, Almaadany, F. S., Samadov, E., Namazov, I., Jafarova, S., Ramshorst, G. H. V., Pattyn, P., Desender, L., Gheldere, C. A. D., Duchateau, N., Mihanovic, J., Sulen, N., Andabaka, T., Rakvin, I., Bakmaz, B., Smith, H. G., Jonsson, M. L., Kassas, M. E., Tawheed, A., Shehata, S., Ashoush, F. M., Abdelaal, A. S., Elfiky, M. M. A., Emile, S. H., Elfallal, A. H., Elfeki, H., Shalaby, M., Alrahawy, M. M., Sallam, I., Amira, G., Sherief, A., Sherief, M., Lakkis, Z., Doussot, A., Turco, C., Heyd, B., Mathieu, P., Chebaro, A., Lecolle, K., Zerbib, P., Truant, S., Saudemont, A., Pruvot, F. -R., Arnaud, A. P., Bergeat, D., Merdrignac, A., Scalabre, A., Roy, B. L., Perotto, O., Tzedakis, S., Gaujoux, S., Dousset, B., Moszkowicz, D., Bretagnol, F., Hervieux, E., Maisonneuve, E., Clermidi, P., Aubry, E., Thomin, A., Seguin-Givelet, A., Zadegan, F., Conso, C., Ollat, D., Kamphues, C., Lauscher, J. C., Schineis, C., Schnitzbauer, A. A., Thoenissen, P., Youzouri, H. E., Schreckenbach, T., Nguyen, T. A., Modabber, A., Holzle, F., Winnand, P., Konigsrainer, A., Quante, M., Yurttas, C., Loffler, M. W., Klimopoulos, S., Tzovaras, G., Baloyiannis, I., Perivoliotis, K., Lostoridis, E., Tourountzi, P., Marchi, J. A. D., Farrell, T., Davis, N. F., Kearney, D., Larkin, J. O., Mohan, H. M., Mehigan, B. J., Fahey, B. A., Barry, C. P., Elliott, J. A., Bass, G. A., Connelly, T. M., Kavanagh, D. O., Elkady, R., Neary, P. C., Ridgway, P. F., Joyce, D. P., Tierney, S., Boyle, E., Egan, B., Lowery, A. J., Collins, C. G., Hogan, A., Mckevitt, K. L., Ryan, E. J., Fowler, A. L., Aherne, T. M., Nizami, K., Walsh, S., Zmora, O., Kugler, N., Falco, G., Ruiz, C. C., Mele, S., Annessi, V., Ferrari, G., Montella, M. T., Mariani, N. M., Ceretti, A. P., Lomiento, D., Taglietti, L., Giudice, R. D., Compagnoni, B., Dester, S., Granieri, S., Cotsoglou, C., Campagnaro, T., Turri, G., Guglielmi, A., Ruzzenente, A., Pedrazzani, C., Salvia, R., Paiella, S., Nobile, S., Marino, M. V., Mirabella, A., Vaccarella, G., Francone, E., Gentilli, S., Nikaj, H., Morelli, L., Franco, G. D., Palmeri, M., Tartaglia, D., Coccolini, F., Chiarugi, M., Anania, G., Chiozza, M., Urbani, A., Podda, M., Pisanu, A., Porcu, A., Perra, T., Fancellu, A., Familiari, P., D'Andrea, G., Bambina, F., Fiore, M., Macchi, A., Citterio, D., Mosca, A., Martinelli, F., Rolli, L., Guaglio, M., Comini, L. V., Capizzi, V., Mazzaferro, V., Cozza, V., Gordini, L., Lombardi, C. P., Simone, V. D., Marzi, F., Marra, A. A., Baldini, E., Conti, L., Ribolla, M., Isolani, S. M., Capelli, P., Spinelli, A., Carvello, M., Candido, F. D., Kurihara, H., Marrano, E., Torzilli, G., Castoro, C., Roit, A. D., Mercante, G., Spriano, G., Gaino, F., De Virgilio, A., Bonavina, L., Asti, E., Feo, C. V., Fabbri, N., Righini, E., Di Saverio, S., Scorza, A., Iovino, D., Carcano, G., Baldi, C., Sampietro, G. M., Corbellini, C., Cellerino, P., Zappa, M. A., Ardito, A., Galfrascoli, E., Iacob, G., Zanini, N. C., Palini, G., Garulli, G., Ballabio, M., Bisagni, P., Pizzini, P., Gagliano, A., Armao, T., Longhi, M., Madonini, M., Luraghi, M., Galimberti, L., Romano, S., Bastazza, M., Trotta, F., Gipponi, M., Malabarba, S., Centinaio, G., Mochet, S., Usai, A., Grivon, M., Barmasse, R., Sagnotta, A. S., Marino, L. M. P., Galleano, R., Malerba, M., Baldo, S., Ligure, P., Casati, M., Abate, E., Laface, L., Brianza, C., Lizzi, V., Vovola, F., Arminio, A., Vergari, R., Rausa, E., Bianco, F., Lucianetti, A., Guaitoli, E., Pinotti, E., Carissimi, F., Montuori, M., Baronio, G., Campanelli, M., Sica, G. S., Siragusa, L. S., Lapolla, P., Mingoli, A., Toma, G. D., Fiori, E., Torre, F. L., Sapienza, P., Brachini, G., Cirillo, B., Iannone, I., Zambon, M., Chiappini, A., Meneghini, S., Fonsi, G. B., Cicerchia, P. M., Bruzzaniti, P., Santoro, A., Bartolomeo, A. 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V., Ruiz-Grande, F., Hernandez-Juara, P., Blazquez-Martin, A., Montesinos, C. S., Diaz, C. J. G., Guariglia, C. A., Fructuoso, L. S., Osorio, A. L., Font, R. F., Ormazabal, P. C., Mora-Guzman, I., Gonzalez, J. S., Perez, D. D., Samaniego, M. G., Jara, P. G., Garcia, M. H., Ruiz, M. L., Fernandez, B. D., Delgado, M. G. -C., Poza, A. A., Mallen, V. D., Gracia-Roche, C., Martinez-German, A., Santero-Ramirez, M. -P., Matute-Najarro, M. -S., De Miguel-Ardevines, M. -C., Sanchez-Fuentes, M. -N., Saudi-Moro, S., Gascon-Ferrer, I., Herrero-Lopez, M., Delgado-Oliver, E., Sanchez-Rubio, M., Cantalejo-Diaz, M., Perez-Sanchez, L. E., Diaz-Garcia, A., Ramos, D., Barranquero, A. G., Ocana, J., Nunez, J., Cerro, C., Tejero-Pintor, F. J., Perez-Saborido, B., Marcos-Santos, P., Choolani-Bhojwani, E., Acebes-Garcia, F., Bueno-Canones, A. D., Pacheco-Sanchez, D., Cuadrado, M. B., Senent-Boza, A., Benitez-Linero, I., Ramallo-Solis, I., Sanchez-Arteaga, A., Melero-Cortes, L., Fernandez-Marin, R., Duran-Munoz-Cruzado, V. M., Gomez-Rosado, J. -C., Toro, M. D. D., Valdes-Hernandez, J., Reguera-Rosal, J., Capitan-Morales, L. -C., Oliva-Mompean, F., Sancho-Muriel, J., Cholewa, H., Flor, B., Landaluce-Olavarria, A., Miguel, M. G. -D., Cruzado, L. F. -G., Jimeno, J., Toledo, E., Pascual, A., Carrillo, M., Morales, D., Gomez, M., Rodriguez-Sanjuan, J. C., Aguilar, J., Baeza, M., Rey-Biel, J., Pingarron-Martin, L., Escartin, J., Laina, J. L. B., Pevidal, A. N., Enjuto, D. T., Ramos-Bonilla, A., Perez-Gonzalez, M., Diaz-Pena, P., Garces-Garcia, R., Salas, M. M. D., Cagigal-Ortega, E. P., Ali, O. M., Arigoni, M., Mongelli, F., Bernasconi, M., Giuseppe, M. D., Adamina, M., Peros, G., Aytac, E., Aliyeva, Z., Kara, Y., Bozkurt, M. A., Kocatas, A., Altintoprak, F., Gonullu, E., Mantoglu, B., Yildiz, A., Davies, R. J., Ashcroft, J., Baker, O. J., Byrne, M. H. V., Coughlin, P. A., Durst, A. Z. E., Georgiades, F., Habeeb, A., Hudson, V. E., Kolias, A., Luke, L., Mitrasinovic, S., Mohan, M., Murphy, S. H., Ngu, A. W. T., O'Neill, J. R., Ramzi, J., Rooney, S. M., Singh, A. A., Waseem, S., Wong, K., Lunevicius, R., Sheel, A. R. G., Jones, R. P., Nunes, Q. M., Hughes, J. L., Haq, I., Misra, N., Baig, M. M., Sundhu, M., Rossborough, C., Skelly, B. L., Neely, D. T. A., Angelou, D., Mccanny, A., Pachl, M. J., Martin, B., Sundar, S., Leung, E. Y., Vashisht, R., Bakri, N. A. C., Jiao, L. R., Nazarian, S., Warren, O. J., Kontovounisios, C., Grove, T., Vimalachandran, D., Manu, N., Eardley, N. J., Krishnan, E., Serevina, O. L., Martin, E., Povey, M. G., Jones, A. P., Smith, C., Mannan, S., Ayeni, F. A., Houston, R., Tustin, H., Rogers, L. J., Minto, G., Marchbank, A., Miller, D., Ho, B., Gohil, K., Labib, P. L., Emslie, K. M., Clough, E. C. S., Enemosah, I., Perkins, C., Rela, M., Panahi, P., Baker, M. P., Holme, T. J., Abbott, S. J., Bence, M. N., Razik, A., Osagie-Clouard, L., Holbrook, C. M., Kufeji, D., Chong, C., Hammond, J. S., Moir, J. A. G., Mcpherson, I., Booth, K., Patel, P. K., Kler, A., Handa, S., Kaushal, M. V., Redfern, J., Morgan, R., Maw, A., Gala, T., Abdelkarim, M., Asqalan, A., Ibrahim, S., Venkatesan, G. S., Caruana, E. J., Mohammad, A., Acharya, M., Rathinam, S., Nakas, A., Higgs, S., Brown, O. D., Boal, M., Dean, H., Stanger, S., Abdalaziz, H., Sayasneh, A., Najdy, M., Nath, R., Gautam, M., Fehervari, M., Spalding, D. R., Pai, M., Naumann, D. N., Kalkat, M., Syed, A., Alam, R., Tayeh, S., Chase, T. J. G., Ayorinde, J. O., Cuming, T., Ghanbari, A., Loubani, M., Aboelkassem-Ibrahim, A., Cao, H., Ross, E., Totty, J., Wilkins, A., Hitchman, L., Dixon, J. R., Dunning, J., Viswanath, Y. K. S., Lester, M. J. S., Bond-Smith, G., Lami, M., Tebala, G. D., Tucker, S. C., Shaw, A. V., Winter, S. C., Cernei, C., Qureshi, A., Belcher, E., Wallwork, K., Stavroulias, D., Di Chiara, F., Dare, O., Jeyaretna, D. S., Ganau, M., Chidambaram, S., Sravanam, S., Sinha, S., Smillie, R., Shah, K., Shankar, S., Dunstan, M., Beak, P., Gerogiannis, I., Jones, G. P., Gardner, A., Tripathi, S. S., Boddy, A. P., Hossain, T., Ashmore, C., Annamalai, S., Irvine, E., Kourdouli, A., Kirmani, B. H., Shackcloth, M. J., Harky, A., Stylianides, N. A., Abdalla, M. O., Newton, K., Bajomo, O. M., Rizvi, S., Darko, E., Saad, A. R., Li, Z., Motter, D., Hurt, L., Egan, R., Harries, R., Youssef, M. M. G., Evans, L., Chrastek, D., Kouritas, V., Shah, J., Anthoney, J., Amjad, R., Harrison, J., Mabrouk, I., Hebblethwaite, B., Emmerson, O., Bosch, K. D., Kalidindi, V., Bashkirova, V., Edwards, J. G., Rao, J. N., Hopkinson, D. N., Chetty, G., Forlani, S., Guha, S., Sherif, M., Giblin, A. -V., Lye, G., Whitehall, E., Blundell, C. M., Ward, A., Tadross, D., Wells, F., Majkowski, L., Townshend, D. N., Mills, S. J., Seymour, K., Shenfine, A., Mclarty, N., Kashora, F., Lewis, S. E., Ubhi, H. K., Exley, R., Singh, A., Basgaran, A., Bartsch, A. -M., Okechukwu, V., Basha, A., Barmpagianni, C., Gallagher, P., Khan, U., Maqsood, A., Shah, P., Saxena, S., Sahnan, K., Siddique, M. H., Leo, C. A., Zafar, N., Rollett, R. A., Collins, M. L., Tamimy, M. S., Riyat, H., Neil-Dwyer, J., Wen, J., Burnside, N., Weaver, H., Hawari, M., Addae-Boateng, E., Duffy, J. P., Dean, B. J. F., Luney, C. R., Sarveswaran, J., Patil, S., Ravindran, S., Scott, L., Michel, M., Toh, S., Ahmed, Y., Vijay, V., Shakir, T., Hasan, R., Tansey, R., Alanbuki, A., Patel, M., Shabana, A., Paisley, S., Khan, J. S., Griffiths, E. A., Kisiel, A. P., Kamal, M., Cato, L. D., Parente, A., Kulkarni, R., Saeed, S. A., Mak, J., Liew, I., Al-Sukaini, A., Saxena, D., Mediratta, S., Ali, I. A. M., Smith, A., Fell, A., English, C., Kristinsson, S., Goatly, G., Halkias, C., Evans, J., Glen, P., Al-Azzawi, M., Aitken, E., Mukherjee, S., Singh, S., English, W., Vulliamy, P., Karam, E., Chui, K., Mansuri, A., Sivayoganathan, S., Aaraj, M. A., El-Ali, A., Chowdhury, A. H., Worku, D., Hampton, M., Manson, J., Findlay, L., Majkowska, A., Brixton, G., Potter, R., De Souza, A. C., Rochon, M., Cannoletta, M., Bhalla, A., Daliya, P., Chia, Z., Pollok, J. M., Raptis, D. A., Davidson, B. R., Fusai, G. K., Xyda, S. E., Soggiu, F., Machairas, N., Bosanquet, D. C., Tang, A. M., Beamish, A. J., Nassa, H., Price, C., Williams, G., Magowan, D., Solari, F., Davies, E. J., Ryska, O., Hawkin, P., Raymond, T., Baron, R. D., Szatmary, P., Gahunia, S., Thomas, A. J., Dunne, D. F. J., Nita, G. E., Sochorova, D., Sivaprakasam, R., Venn, M. L., Ledesma, F. S. J., Thaha, M. A., Sullivan, T. B. B., Parry, J. T., Baumber, R., Archer, J. E., Odeh, A., Stewart, R., Ullah, R., Armstrong, L., Jones, M., Aljanadi, F., Moawad, N., Gregg, A., Jeganathan, R., Ferguson, H. J. M., Ramcharan, S., Yershov, D., Hopkins, J. C., Doe, M. J., Ambler, G. K., Lostis, E., Lawday, S., Babu, B. H., Liyanage, A. S. D., Weerasinghe, C. K., Blake, I., Sanders, J., Bueser, T., Curtis, M., Oo, A. Y., Abbott, T. E. F., Anwar, S., Sohrabi, C., Williams, K. J., Chung, E. A., Hagger, R., Karim, A., Hainsworth, A. J., Flatman, M., Hing, C. B., Trompeter, A., Lo, T., Wade, R. G., Bourke, G., Burke, J. R., Young, A. L., Wall, J. J. S., Johnstone, J. R., Peckham-Cooper, A., Elkadi, H. H., Kowal, M. R., Pompili, C., Ho, M. W. S., Kinross, J., Ibrahim, M. A. H., Abuown, A., Denning, M., Erridge, S., Yalamanchili, S., Martin, G., Hall, C., Hall, J. R. W., Baldwin, A. J., Gammeri, E., West, R., Wormald, J. C. R., Catton, A. B., Kudsk-Iversen, S., Kouris, S. M., Nugent, M., Lin, D. J., Kang, C., Scurrah, R. J., Rajgor, A. D., Steel, B., Day, A., Belgaumkar, A. P., Oyewole, B., Gilbert, C., Dass, D., Ford, D., Duff, S., Khan, A., Asaad, P., Brown, B. C., Jenkinson, M. D., Zakaria, R., Elmoslemany, T., Parmar, C., Mccluney, S. J., Shah, S., Kalavrezos, N., Sinha, D., Schilling, C., Tewari, N., Dunne, N. J. M., Carlos, W. J., Gill, C. K., Godbole, C., Dickson, K. E., Khajuria, A., Connolly, H., Naredla, P., Sarma, D. R., Robertson, S., Morris, C., Richards, T., Torkington, J., Williams, M., Shinkwin, M., Jayaraju, U., Singh, R. P., Aftab, R., Warwick, D., Khalefa, M. A., Hossain, F. S., Osman, K., Andreani, S. M., Bath, M. F., Sahni, A., Judkins, N., Springford, L. R., Wadley, M. S., Tyler, J., Wild, L., Wall, R., Jenner, E., Chamberlain, S., Thrush, J., Brain, J., Townsend, C., Stringer, S., Breckles, L., Flindall, I., Phenix, G., Thomas, K., Young, R., Macdonald, L., Green, S., Miu, V., Sheridan, K., Onos, L., Monson, J. R. T., Drake, F. T., Haqqani, M. H., Cooper, Z., Salim, A., Hirji, S. A., Brown, A. K., Chung, C., Hansen, L., Okafor, B. U., Roxo, V. I., Rice, H. E., Hwang, E. S., Blazer, D. G., Hall, B. J., Olson, S. A., Nehra, D., Cuschieri, J., Davidson, G. H., Walters, A. M., Nygaard, R. M., Colonna, E. T., Endorf, F. W., Meagher, A. D., Kinnaman, G., Mckenzie, K., Fretwell, K. R., Chan, J., Nugent, W. C., Chen, D., Stevens, K. A., Etchill, E. W., Jenny, H. E., Dehal, A., Kaafarani, H. M., Breen, K. A., Bankhead-Kendall, B. K., Alser, O., Mashbari, H. N., Velmahos, G. C., Chang, G., Dehart, D., Ourieff, J., Merola, S., Volpe, A., Podolsky, D., Coleman, N. L., Callahan, M., Brathwaite, C. E. M., Liu, H. H., Petrone, P., Baltazar, G., Hakmi, H., Sohail, A. H., Hazelton, J. P., Ssentongo, A. E., Ssentongo, P., Jamil, T., Al-Embideen, S., Seegert, S., Torquati, A., Bhama, A. R., Biffl, W. L., Schaffer, K. B., Marsh, C. L., Philp, M. M., Ross, H., Santora, T., Pathak, A., Sewards, J. M., Pontari, M., Engel, J. L., Giorgakis, E., Bhavaraju, A. V., Kalkwarf, K. J., Roberts, M., Robertson, R., Callcut, R. A., Canova, M. E., Suri, A., Velopulos, C. G., Carmichael, H., Mcintyre, R. C., Wright, F. L., Urban, S., Martin, R. C. G., Bhutiani, N., Diaz, J. J., Abdou, H., O'Meara, L. B., Richmond, M., Almasri, M., Marwan, H., Mehdi, M. Q., Kulkarni, G., Ban, V. S., Aoun, S. G., Batjer, H. H., Bhangu, A., Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Robotics and image-guided minimally-invasive surgery (ROBOTICS), and Universidad de Cantabria
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Male ,Emergency Medical Services ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,Coronavirus Infections/complications ,sars cov2 ,Settore MED/10 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO RESPIRATORIO ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,acute respiratory syndrome ,pulmonary complication ,0302 clinical medicine ,Postoperative Complications ,Retrospective Studie ,CONSENSUS DEFINITIONS ,Epidemiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Surgery, Postoperative complications, Mortality, COVID-19 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Hospital Mortality ,Viral ,Respiratory Tract Disease ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Mortality rate ,Covid19 ,Operative/adverse effects ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects ,Operative ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,Female ,COVID-19. Global surgery. Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. International cohort study ,Coronavirus Infections ,Human ,Cohort study ,Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology ,Pneumonia, Viral ,NO ,COVIDSurg Collaborative ,03 medical and health sciences ,Viral/complications ,Betacoronavirus ,Young Adult ,General & Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Mortality ,Elective surgery ,Pandemics ,LS7_4 ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Surgical Procedures ,Betacoronaviru ,Elective Surgical Procedure ,Pandemic ,Coronavirus Infection ,Emergency Medical Service ,business.industry ,No key words available ,Postoperative complication ,COVID-19 ,Retrospective cohort study ,Odds ratio ,Perioperative ,Pneumonia ,Surgery ,Pneumonia, Viral/complications ,Postoperative Complication ,business - Abstract
The lancet 396(10243), 27-38 (2020). doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31182-X, Published by Elsevier, London [u.a.]
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- 2020
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11. Defining the lateral limits of the endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach: anatomical study with pertinent quantitative analysis
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Di Somma, Alberto, primary, Torales, Jorge, additional, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, additional, Pineda, Jose, additional, Solari, Domenico, additional, Gerardi, Rosa Maria, additional, Frio, Federico, additional, Enseñat, Joaquim, additional, Prats-Galino, Alberto, additional, and Cappabianca, Paolo, additional
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- 2019
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12. The impact of intraoperative monitoring on extent of resection and long-term neurological outcomes: a series of 39 intramedullary ependimomas.
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Milicevic, Mihailo, primary, Solari, Domenico, additional, Illic, Rosanda, additional, Frio, Federico, additional, Stanimirovic, Aleksandar, additional, Savic, Dragan, additional, Somma, Teresa, additional, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, additional, and Gruijicic, Danica, additional
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- 2019
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13. Endoscopic transorbital route to the petrous apex: a feasibility anatomic study
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Di Somma, Alberto, primary, Andaluz, Norberto, additional, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, additional, Topczewski, Thomaz E., additional, Frio, Federico, additional, Gerardi, Rosa Maria, additional, Pineda, Jose, additional, Solari, Domenico, additional, Enseñat, Joaquim, additional, Prats-Galino, Alberto, additional, and Cappabianca, Paolo, additional
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- 2017
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14. Predicting the early visual outcomes in sellar-suprasellar lesions compressing the chiasm: the role of SD-OCT series of 20 patients operated via endoscopic endonasal approach
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Antonietta Melenzane, Piero Donna, Fausto Tranfa, Federico Frio, Iodice D'enza A, Francesca Amoroso, Gilda Cennamo, Teresa Somma, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Solari, Domenico, Cennamo, Gilda, Amoroso, Francesca, Frio, Federico, Donna, Piero, Iodice D'enza, Alfonso, Melenzane, Antonietta, Somma, Teresa, Tranfa, Fausto, and Cavallo, Luigi M
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual acuity ,Adolescent ,genetic structures ,Tomography, optical coherence ,Vision Disorders ,Visual Acuity ,Optic chiasm ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Child ,Pathological ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Altered visual acuity ,business.industry ,Endoscopy ,Middle Aged ,Functional recovery ,Visual field ,eye diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors involving the sellar area often cause visual disorders due to optic nerves/chiasm compression, so that surgery is required. However the likelihood of visual improvement/restoration is variable. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a valid diagnostic tool for defining pathological conditions of the optic apparatus. We herein investigated the role of the SD-OCT and the best corrected visual acuity in predicting postoperative visual recovery, in patients complaining of chiasm compression due to sellar-suprasellar lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients (7 females and 13 males; mean age 50,8 ± 17,87 years, range 11-83), with optic chiasm/nerve compression that underwent endoscopic endonasal approach at the Division of Neurosurgery of the Universita degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples - Italy, between June 2014 and February 2015. Pre-operative ophthalmological assessment focused on BCVA Snellen charts, Standard Automated Perimetry test and SD-OCT. Test were repeated at two weeks, one and three months after surgery. RESULTS A significant thickness reduction in all the patients, as compared to the control group was noted: GCC thickness reduction remained mostly unchanged postoperatively. 42.9% of the patients had altered visual acuity (VA), while the Perimetry revealed 90% of altered preoperative MD values (MD> -2.00): perimetry improvement was noted in 93% of cases and visual acuity in 91.3% of cases. A direct correlation between preoperative retinal status and functional recovery was identified considering the values of pRNFL and GCC. CONCLUSIONS OCT provides valuable information in regards to the entity of compression also in patients without any visual field defects. Although several factors should be taken into consideration, we retain that preoperative RNFL and GCC thickness values can be claimed as a reliable predictors of visual recovery in those patients presenting chiasm compression.
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- 2022
15. Defining the lateral limits of the endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach: anatomical study with pertinent quantitative analysis
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Rosa Maria Gerardi, Alberto Di Somma, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Paolo Cappabianca, Alberto Prats-Galino, Jorge Torales, Joaquim Enseñat, Federico Frio, Jose Pineda, Di Somma, Alberto, Torales, Jorge, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Pineda, Jose, Solari, Domenico, Gerardi, ROSA MARIA, Frio, Federico, Enseñat, Joaquim, Prats-Galino, Alberto, and Cappabianca, Paolo
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Adult ,Male ,Middle Cerebral Artery ,Planum temporale ,Bone removal ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,transtuberculum transplanum ,skull base surgery ,Sphenoid Bone ,Cadaver ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Medicine ,Sella Turcica ,Surgical treatment ,extended endoscopic endonasal ,Aged ,Anterior skull base ,Skull Base ,business.industry ,Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic ,Endoscopy ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,pituitary surgery ,Neuroendoscopy ,Skull base surgery ,Lateral extension ,anterior cranial base ,Nasal Cavity ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Cadaveric spasm ,Pituitary surgery ,M1 = sphenoidal segment of the middle cerebral artery - Abstract
OBJECTIVEThe extended endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach is currently used for the surgical treatment of selected midline anterior skull base lesions. Nevertheless, the possibility of accessing the lateral aspects of the planum sphenoidale could represent a limitation for such an approach. To the authors’ knowledge, a clear definition of the eventual anatomical boundaries has not been delineated. Hence, the present study aimed to detail and quantify the maximum amount of bone removal over the planum sphenoidale required via the endonasal pathway to achieve the most lateral extension of such a corridor and to evaluate the relative surgical freedom.METHODSSix human cadaveric heads were dissected at the Laboratory of Surgical NeuroAnatomy of the University of Barcelona. The laboratory rehearsals were run as follows: 1) preliminary predissection CT scans, 2) the endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach (lateral limit: medial optocarotid recess) followed by postdissection CT scans, 3) maximum lateral extension of the transtuberculum transplanum approach followed by postdissection CT scans, and 4) bone removal and surgical freedom analysis (a nonpaired Student t-test). A conventional subfrontal bilateral approach was used to evaluate, from above, the bone removal from the planum sphenoidale and the lateral limit of the endonasal route.RESULTSThe endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach was extended at its maximum lateral aspect in the lateral portion of the anterior skull base, removing the bone above the optic prominence, that is, the medial portion of the lesser sphenoid wing, including the anterior clinoid process. As expected, a greater bone removal volume was obtained compared with the approach when bone removal is limited to the medial optocarotid recess (average 533.45 vs 296.07 mm2; p < 0.01). The anteroposterior diameter was an average of 8.1 vs 15.78 mm, and the laterolateral diameter was an average of 18.77 vs 44.54 mm (p < 0.01). The neurovascular contents of this area were exposed up to the insular segment of the middle cerebral artery. The surgical freedom analysis revealed a possible increased lateral maneuverability of instruments inserted in the contralateral nostril compared with a midline target (average 384.11 vs 235.31 mm2; p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSBone removal from the medial aspect of the lesser sphenoid wing, including the anterior clinoid process, may increase the exposure and surgical freedom of the extended endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum transplanum approach over the lateral segment of the anterior skull base. Although this study represents a preliminary anatomical investigation, it could be useful to refine the indications and limitations of the endoscopic endonasal corridor for the surgical management of skull base lesions involving the lateral portion of the planum sphenoidale.
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- 2019
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16. The Impact of Intraoperative Monitoring on Extent of Resection and Long-Term Neurological Outcomes: A Series of 39 Intramedullary Ependimomas
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Rosanda Illic, Mihailo Milicevic, Dragan Savic, Danica Grujicic, Federico Frio, Aleksandar Stanimirovic, Teresa Somma, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Milicevic, Mihailo, Solari, Domenico, Illic, Rosanda, Frio, Federico, Stanimirovic, Aleksandar, Savic, Dragan, Somma, Teresa, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, and Grujicic, Danica
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring ,Intramedullary spinal cord ,Extent of resection ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,law.invention ,Intramedullary rod ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Spinal Cord Neoplasms ,Retrospective Studies ,Tumor size ,business.industry ,Neurological status ,Mean age ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Ependymoma ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,business ,Serbia ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring - Abstract
AIM To analyze the impact of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) on the extent of removal and long-term neurological outcomes in a series of grade II ependymomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 88 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of an intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT) at the Clinic of Neurosurgery of the Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade between January 2012 and December 2017. In all, 39 patients (25 males and 14 females; mean age 46.16 years) with grade II ependymomas were enrolled in this study; the mean follow-up time was 49.84 months. The modified McCormick Scale (mMCS) was used to assess the short- and long-term outcomes, and the patients were divided into two groups based on whether they underwent IONM. RESULTS The gross-total removal rate was 89.7%, and it was not influenced by use of IONM, location or tumor size. Upon admission,43.2% of the patients were dependent (grades IV and V), while 56.8% were independent (grades I, II and III), according to the mMCS. After 3 months of follow-up, 76.9% of the patients maintained or improved their neurological status, but this percentage was reduced after long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION Total surgical resection with good neurological outcomes can be achieved in the vast majority of patients with grade II ependymomas; it is important to emphasize that the use of IONM allows acceptable extent of resection and provides better results in terms of functional outcomes, with lower morbidity rates. Therefore, no correlation was demonstrated between the decrease in the basal amplitudes of IONM and D-waves and poor neurological outcomes.
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- 2020
17. Effect of combined treatment with a pan-PI3K inhibitor or an isoform-specific PI3K inhibitor and everolimus on cell proliferation in GH-secreting pituitary tumour in an experimental setting
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Annamaria Colao, Maria Cristina De Martino, Francesca Vitulli, Ludovica F S Grasso, Federico Frio, Marialuisa Di Cera, Paolo Cappabianca, Claudia Pivonello, Renata S. Auriemma, Roberta Patalano, Rosario Pivonello, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Pivonello, Claudia, Patalano, Roberta, Solari, Domenico, Auriemma, Renata S., Frio, Federico, Vitulli, Francesca, Grasso, Ludovica F. S., DI CERA, Marialuisa, De Martino, Maria Cristina, Cavallo, Luigi, Cappabianca, Paolo, Colao, Annamaria, and Pivonello, Rosario
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0301 basic medicine ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,GH-secreting pituitary adenoma ,Cell Survival ,Morpholines ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Aminopyridines ,Antineoplastic Agents ,PI3K ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Pituitary Neoplasms ,Everolimus ,Viability assay ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Clonogenic assay ,Protein kinase B ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Cell Proliferation ,Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,NVP-BKM120 ,Rats ,Everolimu ,Thiazoles ,030104 developmental biology ,Cell culture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,mTOR ,Cancer research ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation is common in GH-secreting pituitary tumours, and a target for treatment with mTOR inhibitors, including everolimus (EVE). The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two PI3K inhibitors (PI3Ki), NVP-BKM120 and NVP-BYL719, alone and in combination with EVE in rat GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell line (GH3) and human GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell cultures. In GH3 cell line and in six GH-secreting tumour cell cultures, the effects of PI3Ki and EVE, as single agents and in combination, were tested on cell viability and colony survival, by MTT and clonogenic assay, respectively, whereas western blot was performed to evaluate the underlying intracellular signalling pathways. PI3Ki and EVE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability in GH3 cell line, with PI3Ki displaying a synergistic effect when combined with EVE. PI3Ki and EVE inhibited colony survival in GH3 cell line with no further improvement in combination. In GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell cultures PI3Ki are effective in inhibiting cell viability increasing the slight and non significant inhibition induced by EVE as single agent, generally showing a synergistic effect. Despite in both GH3 cell line and GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell cultures combination of PI3Ki enhanced EVE effect, the study of intracellular signalling pathways revealed a different regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK between the two models. The results of the current study demonstrated that PI3Ki, especially in combination with EVE, are effective in inhibiting cell proliferation, therefore representing a promising therapeutic tool for the treatment of aggressive GH-secreting pituitary tumours, not responsive to standard medical therapies.
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- 2018
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18. Endoscopic transorbital route to the petrous apex: a feasibility anatomic study
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Alberto Prats-Galino, Thomaz E. Topczewski, Joaquim Enseñat, Federico Frio, Rosa Maria Gerardi, Paolo Cappabianca, Alberto Di Somma, Norberto Andaluz, Jose Pineda, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Di Somma, Alberto, Andaluz, Norberto, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Topczewski, Thomaz E., Frio, Federico, Gerardi, Rosa Maria, Pineda, Jose, Solari, Domenico, Enseñat, Joaquim, Prats-Galino, Alberto, and Cappabianca, Paolo
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business.operation ,Cerebellopontine Angle ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Superior eyelid approach ,Cadaver ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Medicine ,Trigeminal Nerve ,Skull Base ,Trigeminal nerve ,Oculomotor nerve ,business.industry ,Petrous Apex ,Dissection ,Trochlear nerve ,Cranial Nerves ,Endoscopic transorbital ,Eyelids ,Endoscopy ,Anatomy ,Vestibulocochlear Nerve ,Petrous apex ,Cerebellopontine angle ,Tentorium ,Skull ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anterior petrosectomy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Feasibility Studies ,Skull base surgery ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Orbit ,Transorbital ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Brain Stem ,Petrous Bone - Abstract
While the subtemporal approach represents the surgical module milestone designed to reach the petrous apex, a novel ventral route, which is the superior eyelid endoscopic transorbital approach, has been proposed to access the skull base. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of this route to the petrous apex, providing a qualitative and quantitative analysis of this relatively novel pathway. Five human cadaveric heads were dissected at the Laboratory of Surgical NeuroAnatomy of the University of Barcelona. After proper dissection planning, anterior petrosectomy via the endoscopic transorbital route was performed. Specific quantitative analysis, as well as dedicated three-dimensional reconstruction, was done. Using the endoscopic transorbital approach, it was possible to reach the petrous apex with an average volume bone removal of 1.33 ± 0.21 cm3. Three main intradural spaces were exposed: cerebellopontine angle, middle tentorial incisura, and ventral brainstem. The first one was bounded by the origin of the trigeminal nerve medially and the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves laterally, the second extended from the origin of the oculomotor nerve to the entrance of the trochlear nerve into the tentorium free edge while the ventral brainstem area was hardly accessible through the straight, ventral endoscopic transorbital trajectory. This is the first qualitative and quantitative anatomic study concerning details of the lateral aspect of the incisura and ventrolateral posterior fossa reached via the transorbital window. This manuscript is intended as a feasibility anatomic study, and further clinical contributions are mandatory to confirm the effectiveness of this approach, defining its possible role in the neurosurgical armamentarium.
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- 2017
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19. A Survival Analysis with Identification of Prognostic Factors in a Series of 110 Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Before and After Introduction of the Stupp Regimen: A Single-Center Observational Study
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Paolo Cappabianca, Snezana Milosevic, Rosanda Illic, Slobodan Lavrnic, Domenico Solari, Mihailo Milicevic, Teresa Somma, Savo Raičević, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Marina Nikitovic, Dragan Savic, Danica Grujicic, Federico Frio, Illic, Rosanda, Somma, Teresa, Savic, Dragan, Frio, Federico, Milicevic, Mihailo, Solari, Domenico, Nikitovic, Marina, Lavrnic, Slobodan, Raicevic, Savo, Milosevic, Snezana, Cavallo, Luigi Maria, Cappabianca, Paolo, and Grujicic, Danica
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Oncology ,Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Single Center ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Survival analysi ,Retrospective Studie ,Multivariate Analysi ,Prognostic factor ,Brain Neoplasms ,Margins of Excision ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Combined Modality Therapy ,3. Good health ,Dacarbazine ,Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Serbia ,Craniotomy ,medicine.drug ,Human ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prognosi ,Glioblastoma multiforme ,Prognostic factors ,Disease-Free Survival ,Follow-Up Studie ,Brain Neoplasm ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Temozolomide ,medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,Humans ,Survival rate ,Survival analysis ,Stupp regimen ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged ,business.industry ,Neurooncology ,Carmustine ,Surgery ,Radiation therapy ,Regimen ,Multivariate Analysis ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,Postoperative Complication ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Glioblastoma ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Current treatment protocol for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is based on maximal safe resection followed by the Stupp protocol. In Serbia, temozolomide was introduced as adjuvant therapy in 2011. The aims of this study were to confirm the safety and efficacy on overall and progression-free survival of the Stupp protocol and evaluate the influence of prognostic factors in one of the largest series of patients with GBM treated over a 2-year period. METHODS: Between January 2010 and December 2012, 110 patients with newly diagnosed GBM underwent surgical removal at the Neurooncology Department of the Clinic Center of Serbia. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to postoperative treatment. Group A (n= 24 patients), treated before January 2011, received adjuvant standard radiation therapy and carmustine (bis-chloroethyl-nitrosourea), and group B (n= 86 patients), treated after January 2011, received postoperative treatment according to the Stupp protocol. RESULTS: The Stupp protocol had a significant favorable impact on overall survival at 1-year follow-up (79.1% in group B vs. 62.5% in group A; P= 0.016); no differences were noted in regard to progression-free survival. Multivariate analysis identified younger age and gross total resection of tumor as positive prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Adoption of the Stupp protocol had a favorable impact on overall, but not on progression-free, survival rate. Wider surgical resection involving the peritumoral brain zone, as confirmed by univariate and multivariate analysis, represents the most favorable prognostic factor.
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- 2017
20. The Impact of Intraoperative Monitoring on Extent of Resection and Long-Term Neurological Outcomes: A Series of 39 Intramedullary Ependimomas.
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Milicevic M, Solari D, Illic R, Frio F, Stanimirovic A, Savic D, Somma T, Cavallo LM, and Grujicic D
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurosurgical Procedures adverse effects, Retrospective Studies, Serbia, Treatment Outcome, Ependymoma surgery, Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring methods, Neurosurgical Procedures methods, Spinal Cord Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Aim: To analyze the impact of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) on the extent of removal and long-term neurological outcomes in a series of grade II ependymomas., Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 88 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of an intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT) at the Clinic of Neurosurgery of the Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade between January 2012 and December 2017. In all, 39 patients (25 males and 14 females; mean age 46.16 years) with grade II ependymomas were enrolled in this study; the mean follow-up time was 49.84 months. The modified McCormick Scale (mMCS) was used to assess the short- and long-term outcomes, and the patients were divided into two groups based on whether they underwent IONM., Results: The gross-total removal rate was 89.7%, and it was not influenced by use of IONM, location or tumor size. Upon admission,43.2% of the patients were dependent (grades IV and V), while 56.8% were independent (grades I, II and III), according to the mMCS. After 3 months of follow-up, 76.9% of the patients maintained or improved their neurological status, but this percentage was reduced after long-term follow-up., Conclusion: Total surgical resection with good neurological outcomes can be achieved in the vast majority of patients with grade II ependymomas; it is important to emphasize that the use of IONM allows acceptable extent of resection and provides better results in terms of functional outcomes, with lower morbidity rates. Therefore, no correlation was demonstrated between the decrease in the basal amplitudes of IONM and D-waves and poor neurological outcomes.
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- 2020
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