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1. Kaonic 3He and 4He measurements in the SIDDHARTA experiment at the DAΦNE collider

Author

Scordo A., Sbardella E., Romero Vidal A., Rizzo A., Ponta T., Pietreanu D., Okada S., Marton J., Longoni A., Levi Sandri P., Kienle P., Iwasaki M., Iliescu M., Ishiwatari T., Hayano R.S., Guaraldo C., Ghio F., Frizzi T., Fiorini C., d’Uffizi A., Curceanu (Petrascu) C., Cargnelli M., Bragadireanu A.M., Bombelli L., Beer G., Bazzi M., Tatsuno H., Shi H., Sirghi D.L., Sirghi F., Tudorache A., Tudorache V., Vazquez Doce O., Widmann E., Wünschek B., and Zmeskal J.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The SIDDHARTA collaboration measured kaonic 3He and 4He 3d → 2p X-rays with gaseous targets at the DAΦNE e+e− collider. The 2p-state strong-interaction shifts and widths were precisely determined by using 144 high-resolution silicon drift detectors. The shift of K−4He is in good agreement with theoretical calculations and consistent with the recent experimental result of KEK-PS E570. The shift of K−3He is also determined for the first time. The newly determined widths are in agreement with optical model calculations.

Published
2012
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2. Precision Spectroscopy of Kaonic Atoms at DAΦNE

Author

Scordo A., Romero Vidal A., Rizzo A., Ponta T., Pietreanu D., Marton J., Lucherini V., Longoni A., Levi Sandri P., Kienle P., Iwasaki M., Ishiwatari T., Iliescu M., Hayano R.S., Guaraldo C., Girolami B., Ghio F., Frizzi T., Fiorini C., d’Uffizi A., Curceanu (Petrascu) C., Corradi G., Cargnelli M., Bragadireanu A.M., Bombelli L., Beer G., Bazzi M., Okada S., Shi H., Sirghi D.L., Sirghi F., Tatsuno H., Tudorache A., Tudorache V., Vazquez Doce O., Widmann E., and Zmeskal J.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The SIDDHARTA experiment aims at a precise measurement of K -series kaonic hydrogen x-rays and the first-ever measurement of the kaonic deuterium x-rays to determine the strong-interaction energy-level shift and width of the lowest lying atomic states. These measurements offer a unique possibility to precisely determine the isospin-dependent $ar{K}$-nucleon scattering lengths.

Published
2010
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3. Preliminary study of kaonic deuterium X-rays by the SIDDHARTA experiment at DAFNE

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Berucci, C., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Curceanu, C., d'Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Sandri, P. Levi, Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Vidal, A. Romero, Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Doce, O. Vazquez, Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The study of the KbarN system at very low energies plays a key role for the understanding of the strong interaction between hadrons in the strangeness sector. At the DAFNE electron-positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati we studied kaonic atoms with Z=1 and Z=2, taking advantage of the low-energy charged kaons from Phi-mesons decaying nearly at rest. The SIDDHARTA experiment used X-ray spectroscopy of the kaonic atoms to determine the transition yields and the strong interaction induced shift and width of the lowest experimentally accessible level (1s for H and D and 2p for He). Shift and width are connected to the real and imaginary part of the scattering length. To disentangle the isospin dependent scattering lengths of the antikaon-nucleon interaction, measurements of Kp and of Kd are needed. We report here on an exploratory deuterium measurement, from which a limit for the yield of the K-series transitions was derived: Y(K_tot)<0.0143 and Y(K_alpha)<0.0039 (CL 90%). Also, the upcoming SIDDHARTA-2 kaonic deuterium experiment is introduced., Comment: Accepted by Nuclear Physics A

Published
2013
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5. Measurements of the strong-interaction widths of the kaonic 3He and 4He 2p levels

Author

The SIDDHARTA collaboration, Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Curceanu, C., d'Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Sandri, P. Levi, Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Vidal, A. Romero, Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Doce, O. Vazquez, Wunschek, B., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The kaonic 3He and 4He X-rays emitted in the 3d-2p transitions were measured in the SIDDHARTA experiment. The widths of the kaonic 3He and 4He 2p states were determined to be Gamma_2p(3He) = 6 \pm 6 (stat.) \pm 7 (syst.) eV, and Gamma_2p(4He) = 14 \pm 8 (stat.) \pm 5 (syst.) eV, respectively. Both results are consistent with the theoretical predictions. The width of kaonic 4He is much smaller than the value of 55 \pm 34 eV determined by the experiments performed in the 70's and 80's, while the width of kaonic 3He was determined for the first time., Comment: Accepted in Phys. Lett. B

Published
2012
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6. Kaonic hydrogen X-ray measurement in SIDDHARTA

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., Curceanu, C., d'Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Sandri, P. Levi, Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Vidal, A. Romero, Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Doce, O. Vazquez, Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Kaonic hydrogen atoms provide a unique laboratory to probe the kaon-nucleon strong interaction at the energy threshold, allowing an investigation of the interplay between spontaneous and explicit chiral symmetry breaking in low-energy QCD. The SIDDHARTA Collaboration has measured the $K$-series X rays of kaonic hydrogen atoms at the DA$\Phi$NE electron-positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, and has determined the most precise values of the strong-interaction induced shift and width of the $1s$ atomic energy level. This result provides vital constraints on the theoretical description of the low-energy $\bar{K}N$ interaction., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, Nuclear Physics A (in press) Special Issue on Strangeness Nuclear Physics

Published
2012
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7. A New Measurement of Kaonic Hydrogen X rays

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., Curceanu, C., d'Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Sandri, P. Levi, Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Vidal, A. Romero, Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Doce, O. Vazquez, Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The $\bar{K}N$ system at threshold is a sensitive testing ground for low energy QCD, especially for the explicit chiral symmetry breaking. Therefore, we have measured the $K$-series x rays of kaonic hydrogen atoms at the DA$\Phi$NE electron-positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, and have determined the most precise values of the strong-interaction energy-level shift and width of the $1s$ atomic state. As x-ray detectors, we used large-area silicon drift detectors having excellent energy and timing resolution, which were developed especially for the SIDDHARTA experiment. The shift and width were determined to be $\epsilon_{1s} = -283 \pm 36 \pm 6 {(syst)}$ eV and $\Gamma_{1s} = 541 \pm 89 {(stat)} \pm 22 {(syst)}$ eV, respectively. The new values will provide vital constraints on the theoretical description of the low-energy $\bar{K}N$ interaction., Comment: 5 figures, submitted to Physics Letters B

Published
2011
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8. First measurement of kaonic helium-3 X-rays

Author

SIDDHARTA collaboration, Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., Curceanu, C., d'Uffzi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Sandri, P. Levi, Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Vidal, A. Romero, Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Doce, O. Vazquez, Widmann, E., Wuenschek, B., and Zmeskal, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The first observation of the kaonic 3He 3d - 2p transition was made using slow K- mesons stopped in a gaseous 3He target. The kaonic atom X-rays were detected with large-area silicon drift detectors using the timing information of the K+K- pairs of phi-meson decays produced by the DAFNE e+e- collider. The strong interaction shift of the kaonic 3He 2p state was determined to be -2+-2 (stat)+-4 (syst) eV., Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B

Published
2010
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12. The SIDDHARTA experiment at DAφNE and future perspectives

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Catitti, M., Curceanu, C., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Struder, L., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., Zmeskal, J., Pochodzalla, Josef, editor, and Walcher, Thomas, editor

Published
2007
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14. Unlocking the secrets of the kaon–nucleon/nuclei interactions at low-energies: The SIDDHARTA(-2) and the AMADEUS experiments at the DAΦNE collider

Author

Curceanu, C., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Berucci, C., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Clozza, A., dʼUffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R.S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Piscicchia, K., Poli Lener, M., Ponta, T., Romero Vidal, A., Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., Wünschek, B., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2013
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15. Strong-interaction shifts and widths of kaonic helium isotopes

Author

Ishiwatari, T., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., dʼUffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R.S., Iliescu, M., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., Wünschek, B., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2013
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16. Precision measurements of kaonic atoms at DAΦNE and future perspectives

Author

Curceanu, C., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Catitti, M., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Struder, L., Widmann, E., Zmeskal, J., Dobado Gonzalez, Antonio, editor, Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J., editor, and Vento, Vicente, editor

Published
2007
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18. Performance of silicon-drift detectors in kaonic atom X-ray measurements

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., d’Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R.S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2011
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19. Kaonic atoms studies at DAFNE by the SIDDHARTA experiment

Author

Cargnelli, M., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Curceanu Petrascu, C., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Romero Vidal, A., Scordo, A., Shi, H.-X., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Strüder, L., Tatsuno, H., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2010
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21. Kaon-Nucleon Strong Interaction in Kaonic Atoms: The SIDDHARTA Program

Author

Iliescu, M., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., d’Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., Wünschek, B., and Zmeskal (SIDDHARTA Collaboration), J.

Published
2013
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22. Kaonic atoms measurements at the DAΦNE accelerator

Author

Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Romero Vidal, A., Scordo, A., Shi, H. -X., Shirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Struder, L., Tatsuno, H., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2009
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23. New X-ray detectors for exotic atom research

Author

Marton, Johann, Cargnelli, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, R, Nikolics, K., Widmann, E., Zmeskal, J., Bazzi, M., Catitti, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Sandri, R. Levi, Lucherini, V., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Vidal, A. Romero, Scordo, A., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Doce, O. Vazquez, Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Longoni, A., Bragadireanu, A.M., Ponta, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Hayano, R., Tatsuno, H., Xe-Hi, S., Iwasaki, M., Lechner, P., Soltau, H., and Struder, L.

Subjects
Hadron spectroscopy -- Methods, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Hadronic atoms being Coulomb-bound systems in which the electron is substituted by a hadron like a negatively charged K meson are perfect probes for the study of strong interaction at lowest energies using x-ray spectroscopy. New large area x-ray detectors (silicon drift detectors, SDDs) were developed to provide excellent energy resolution as well as timing capability. For the first time large area SDDs were employed to measure the L-lines of kaonic helium at high precision thus succeeding in clarifying a puzzle persisting for 30 years since the 70's. An array of about 200 even more sophisticated SDDs (1 [cm.sup.2] SDDs with monolithically integrated FET) will be used to perform precision measurements (i.e., at the eV level) of kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium at the DAFNE [PHI] factory of LNF/Italy. The new x-ray detectors and their performance for precision experiments in the accelerator environment are presented. Index Terms--kaonic atoms, silicon drift detectors, strong interaction studies, X-ray spectroscopy.

Published
2009

24. New precision measurements of the strong interaction in kaonic hydrogen

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Catitti, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Marton, J., Nikolics, K., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Strüder, L., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2008
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25. Kaonic hydrogen X-rays--experiments at DAFNE (1)

Author

Cargnelli, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Marton, J., Beer, G., Bragadireanu, A.M., Ponta, T., Bazzi, M., Catitti, M., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Levi Sandri, P., Lucherini, V., Pietreanu, D., Sirghi, D.L., Lechner, P., Soltau, H., Bombelli, L., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Longoni, A., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., and Struder, L.

Subjects
Hydrogen -- Properties -- Usage, Kaons -- Properties -- Research -- Usage, Physics -- Research -- Usage, Physics, Usage, Research, Properties
Abstract

Abstract: At the DAΦNE electron-positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati we study kaonic atoms, taking advantage of the low-energy kaons produced in the Φ-meson decay. The low-energy kaon-nucleon interaction [...]

Published
2007

26. Experimental studies on kaonic atoms at DAΦNE

Author

Zmeskal, J., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadirean, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Catitti, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Lucherini, V., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Strüder, L., and Widmann, E.

Published
2007
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27. An 8-channel DRAGO readout circuit for silicon detectors with integrated front-end JFET

Author

Fiorini, C., Porro, M., and Frizzi, T.

Subjects
Detectors -- Research, Complementary metal oxide semiconductors -- Research, Spectrum analysis -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We have developed a CMOS circuit to be used with Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) for X-ray spectroscopy and [gamma]-ray imaging applications. The circuit operates with the input transistor integrated directly on the detector wafer. The circuit is composed of 8 analog channels, each including a low-noise voltage preamplifier, a 6th order semi-Gaussian shaping amplifier, with four selectable peaking times from 1.8 [micro]s up to 6 [micro]s, and a peak stretcher. The integrated time constant used for the shaping are implemented by means of a recently proposed 'RC' cell. This cell is based on the de-magnification of the current flowing in a resistor R thanks to the use of current mirrors. The 8 analog channels of the chip are multiplexed to a single analog output. A digital section provides self-resetting of the channels, trigger output and the external programming of independent threshold on the analog channels by means of a 3 bit DAC and a programmable serial register. In this work, the main features of the circuit are described. The measurement results obtained in the characterization of the prototype are then reported and discussed. The energy resolution measured using a single channel of the chip with a Silicon Drift Detector Droplet ([SDD.sup.3]) is of 128 eV at 6 keV with the detector cooled at -20[degrees]C. Spectroscopy measurements using a multi-element SDD are also shown. Index Terms--Low-noise readout circuit, silicon detectors, silicon drift detectors.

Published
2006

28. A CMOS readout circuit for silicon drift detectors with on-clip JFET and feedback capacitor

Author

Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Longoni, A., and Porro, M.

Subjects
Circuit design -- Analysis, Complementary metal oxide semiconductors -- Design and construction, Silicon diodes -- Design and construction, Circuit designer, Integrated circuit design, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We propose a CMOS circuit designed to be used with silicon drift detectors (SDDs) for high-resolution and high peak stability X-ray spectroscopy. The circuit is developed in the framework of a project for researches on exotic atoms (e.g., kaouic hydrogen) at e-/e+ colliders. The circuit is composed by a low-noise charge preamplifier, by a sixth-order semi-Gaussian shaping amplifier with four selectable peaking times from 0.7 [micro]s up to 3 [micro]s, and by a bipolar shaping amplifier to provide a timing signal required by the experiment. The preamplifier operates with the input JFET directly integrated on the detector itself. A low-frequency current-mode feedback loop allows to stabilize the operating point of the input JFET with respect to background and leakage current variations. The feedback capacitor is also integrated on the detector. Because its value is not known precisely a priori, the preamplifier is designed with the possibility to adjust externally its decay time to match the fixed time constant of the pole/zero network. A baseline holder senses the baseline voltage shifts at the output of the circuits due to the dc changes of the drain voltage of the input JFET in correspondence of background variations and provides a feedback loop back to the preamplifer to stabilize the output baseline. A first prototype has been realized in the 0.35-[micro]m AMS technology. The energy resolution measured using the chip with a SDD of 5 [mm.sup.2] is of 137 eV at 6 keV (ENC = 8 e-rms). Index Terms--Charge preamplifier, readout electronics, silicon drift detectors (SDDs).

Published
2006

30. Kaonic atoms measurements at the DAΦNE accelerator

Author

Curceanu (Petrascu), C., primary, Bazzi, M., additional, Beer, G., additional, Bombelli, L., additional, Bragadireanu, A. M., additional, Cargnelli, M., additional, Fiorini, C., additional, Frizzi, T., additional, Ghio, F., additional, Girolami, B., additional, Guaraldo, C., additional, Hayano, R., additional, Iliescu, M., additional, Ishiwatari, T., additional, Iwasaki, M., additional, Kienle, P., additional, Lechner, P., additional, Levi Sandri, P., additional, Longoni, A., additional, Lucherini, V., additional, Marton, J., additional, Okada, S., additional, Pietreanu, D., additional, Ponta, T., additional, Romero Vidal, A., additional, Scordo, A., additional, Shi, H. -X., additional, Shirghi, D. L., additional, Sirghi, F., additional, Soltau, H., additional, Struder, L., additional, Tatsuno, H., additional, Vazquez Doce, O., additional, Widmann, E., additional, and Zmeskal, J., additional

Published
2009
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31. Low-Energy Kaon–Nucleon/Nuclei Interaction Studies at DAΦNE (SIDDHARTA and AMADEUS Experiments)

Author

Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., d’Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R. S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Piscicchia, K., Poli Lener, M., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2011
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32. Precision measurements of kaonic atoms at DA ΦNE and future perspectives

Author

Curceanu (Petrascu), C., Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A. M., Cargnelli, M., Catitti, M., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Kienle, P., Lechner, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Lucherini, V., Marton, J., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Sirghi, D. L., Sirghi, F., Soltau, H., Struder, L., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2007
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33. The Chiaravalle Cross: Results of a Multidisciplinary Study

Author

Di Martino, D, Benati, G, Alberti, R, Baroni, S, Bertelli, C, Blumer, F, Caselli, L, Cattaneo, R, Cucini, C, D’Amico, F, Frizzi, T, Gagetti, E, Gironda, M, Greggio, L, Lazzarini, L, Musa, M, Perelli Cippo, E, Riccardi, M, Gorini, G, Riccardi, MP, Di Martino, D, Benati, G, Alberti, R, Baroni, S, Bertelli, C, Blumer, F, Caselli, L, Cattaneo, R, Cucini, C, D’Amico, F, Frizzi, T, Gagetti, E, Gironda, M, Greggio, L, Lazzarini, L, Musa, M, Perelli Cippo, E, Riccardi, M, Gorini, G, and Riccardi, MP

Abstract

he Chiaravalle Cross, a masterpiece of Mediaeval goldsmithery, went under restoration in 2016. This was a unique opportunity to undertake an in-depth multidisciplinary study. Several issues were addressed, as for example the chronology of the Cross, lacking any official document about it. The scientific investigations included in situ and laboratory measurements, and the analyses, part of a multidisciplinary protocol, completely characterized the gemstones adorning the Cross, the cameos, the gold, silver, jasper and glass parts, to derive indications on their provenance, authenticity and dating issues. All the results were shared with the whole collaboration of experts, which included art historians, a restorer, a conservator, a scholar in ancient glyptic, gemologists, archaeometallurgists, physicists and scientists in a very fruitful exchange of knowledge. This work is an example of a real multidisciplinary research, gathering good practices in the study of a complex piece of art.

Published
2019

34. Discovering the material palette of the artist: a p-XRF stratigraphic study of the Giotto panel ‘God the Father with Angels’

Author

Galli, A, Caccia, M, Alberti, R, Bonizzoni, L, Aresi, N, Frizzi, T, Bombelli, L, Gironda, M, Martini, M, Galli, A, Caccia, M, Alberti, R, Bonizzoni, L, Aresi, N, Frizzi, T, Bombelli, L, Gironda, M, and Martini, M

Subjects
statistic analysi, pigment, p-XRF, stratigraphic analysi, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Elemental analysis, and in particular stratigraphic distribution of elements themselves, is a fundamental method to address the composition of materials, but its nature, often invasive, crashes with the necessity of avoiding artefacts' damage when dealing with Cultural Heritage objects. In fact, when work of art are involved, sampling is often forbidden, and transferring an artistic artefact to equipped laboratories is a not negligible issue. The skill to employ in situ non-destructive and non-invasive analytical method is essential. In this scenario, portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) has become one of the most employed techniques due to the development of adaptable and open architecture instruments. In this paper, we show a new data analysis protocol and its application to XRF data acquired from a work by Giotto never studied before: ‘God the Father with Angels’ (ca. 1330, San Diego Museum of Art). The measurements have been performed in situ during the closing time of the exhibition ‘Giotto, l'Italia’ (Milano Palazzo Reale – 2 September 2015/10 January 2016). Combining the effectiveness of scanning p-XRF with the responsive of image spectroscopic analysis, we move step by step toward the discovery of Giotto's palette for the flesh tones in God the Father with Angels; our method allows to argue the stratigraphy of the painting without complementary measurements and, at the same time, provides a sequential and smart representation of complex data. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2017

35. The meteoritic origin of Tutankhamun's iron dagger blade

Author

Comelli, D., D'Orazio, Massimo, Folco, Luigi, El Halwagy, M., Frizzi, T., Vitozzi, G. C., Alberti, R., Capogrosso, V., Elnaggar, A., Hassan, H., Nevin, A., Porcelli, F., Rashed, M. G., and Valentini, G.

Subjects
metalurgy, Fluorescence spectrometry, Tutankhamun, archeometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 01 natural sciences, dagger, Iron meteorites, Bronze Age, tutenkhamun, heritage science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Iron meteorites, Tutankhamun, dagger, archeometry, Myth, x-ray fluorescence, 010401 analytical chemistry, Metallurgy, meteor, Manufacturing quality, Archaeology, 0104 chemical sciences, Dagger, Eastern mediterranean, Smelting, Sarcophagus, Blade (archaeology), Geology, Myth
Abstract

Scholars have long discussed the introduction and spread of iron metallurgy in different civilizations. The sporadic use of iron has been reported in the Eastern Mediterranean area from the late Neolithic period to the Bronze Age. Despite the rare existence of smelted iron, it is generally assumed that early iron objects were produced from meteoritic iron. Nevertheless, the methods of working the metal, its use, and diffusion are contentious issues compromised by lack of detailed analysis. Since its discovery in 1925, the meteoritic origin of the iron dagger blade from the sarcophagus of the ancient Egyptian King Tutankhamun (14th C. BCE) has been the subject of debate and previous analyses yielded controversial results. We show that the composition of the blade (Fe plus 10.8 wt% Ni and 0.58 wt% Co), accurately determined through portable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, strongly supports its meteoritic origin. In agreement with recent results of metallographic analysis of ancient iron artifacts from Gerzeh, our study confirms that ancient Egyptians attributed great value to meteoritic iron for the production of precious objects. Moreover, the high manufacturing quality of Tutankhamun's dagger blade, in comparison with other simple-shaped meteoritic iron artifacts, suggests a significant mastery of ironworking in Tutankhamun's time.

Published
2016

41. Measurements of the strong-interaction widths of the kaonic 3He and 4He 2p levels

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., dʼUffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R.S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Sbardella, E., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Wünschek, B., Widmann, E., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2012
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43. X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping and microscopy to follow hepatic disposition of a Gd-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent

Author

Delfino, R., Altissimo, M., Menk, R. H., Alberti, R., Klatka, T., Frizzi, T., Longoni, A., Salomè, M., Tromba, G., Arfelli, Fulvia, Clai, M., Vaccari, L., Lorusso, V., Tiribelli, Claudio, Pascolo, L., R., Delfino, M., Altissimo, R. H., Menk, R., Alberti, T., Klatka, T., Frizzi, A., Longoni, M., Salomè, G., Tromba, Arfelli, Fulvia, M., Clai, L., Vaccari, V., Lorusso, Tiribelli, Claudio, and L., Pascolo

Subjects
Liver, Imaging, Iron, Contrast Media, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Gadolinium, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hepatitis, Fatty Liver, Mice, Mice, Inbred CBA, Organometallic Compounds, Animals, Female
Abstract

1. Spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation is a technique that allows imaging and quantification of chemical elements in biological specimens with high sensitivity. In the present study, we applied XRF techniques at a macro and micro level to carry out drug distribution studies on ex vivo models to confirm the hepatobiliary disposition of the Gd-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent B22956/1. 2. Gd presence was selectively quantified allowing the determination of the time dependent disappearance of the drug from blood and its hepatic accumulation in mice after administration. Elemental mapping highlighted the drug distribution differences between healthy and diseased livers. XRF microanalyses showed that in CCl(4) -induced hepatitis, B22956/1 has greatly reduced hepatic accumulation, shown as a 20-fold reduction of Gd presence. Furthermore, a significant increase of Fe presence was found in steatotic compared with healthy livers, in line with the disease features. 3. The present results show that XRF might be useful in preclinical pharmacological studies with drugs containing exogenous elements. Furthermore, quantitative and high-sensitivity elemental mapping allows simultaneous detection of chemical variation, showing pathological conditions. This approach was useful in suggesting reduced B22956/1 accumulation in steatotic livers, thus opening possible new diagnostic perspectives for this drug.

Published
2011

46. First measurement of kaonic helium-3 X-rays

Author

Bazzi, M., Beer, G., Bombelli, L., Bragadireanu, A.M., Cargnelli, M., Corradi, G., Curceanu (Petrascu), C., d'Uffizi, A., Fiorini, C., Frizzi, T., Ghio, F., Girolami, B., Guaraldo, C., Hayano, R.S., Iliescu, M., Ishiwatari, T., Iwasaki, M., Kienle, P., Levi Sandri, P., Longoni, A., Marton, J., Okada, S., Pietreanu, D., Ponta, T., Rizzo, A., Romero Vidal, A., Scordo, A., Shi, H., Sirghi, D.L., Sirghi, F., Tatsuno, H., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Vazquez Doce, O., Widmann, E., Wünschek, B., and Zmeskal, J.

Published
2011
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48. Snapshot of a Final Bronze Age metalworker: Archaeometallurgical study of the hoard and the working tools from Chusa di Pesio, Cuneo, Italy

Author

Angelini, Ivana, Masiero, Elena, Artioli, Gilberto, Molin, Gianmario, Frizzi, T, Alberti, R, and VENTURINO GAMBARI, M.

Subjects
SEM-EDS, Final Bronze Age, copper, bronze metallurgy, Chiusa di Pesio, PIXE, EPMA, EDXRF, Final Bronze Age, bronze metallurgy, copper, bronze, Chiusa di Pesio, EDXRF, SEM-EDS, EPMA, PIXE, metallographic analysis, bronze, metallographic analysis
Published
2007

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