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China, being the largest contributor to total carbon emissions, still has a long way to go in energy conservation and emission reduction. Employing the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) method and using input-output table data, this study examines the evolution of carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption in Gansu Province in China over the period 2007 to 2017. By exploring carbon emission driving factors and identifying key final demand and sectors for carbon emissions, Gansu province can formulate more effective emission reduction policies that can balance economic development and carbon emission control. The key findings are as follows: 1) Regarding the driving factors, both the energy intensity effect and the demand sector structure effect emerge as the main contributors to emission reduction. Conversely, the total demand effect and the input-output structure effect predominantly led to emission increase. 2) In terms of each final demand, urban residents' consumption, rural residents' consumption and outflow represent the primary categories contributing to increased emissions. 3) The sectors experiencing the most significant decline in carbon emissions and carbon intensity are Electricity, Heat Production and Supply Industry, while Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry as well as Construction Industry are the primary contributors to increasing emissions. Consequently, to achieve the carbon neutrality goal, Gansu governments should consider all these factors and propose mitigation policies in light of the local realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolutionarily conserved target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase acts as a master regulator that coordinates cell proliferation and growth by integrating nutrient, energy, hormone and stress signals in all eukaryotes.sup.1,2. Research has focused mainly on TOR-regulated translation, but how TOR orchestrates the global transcriptional network remains unclear. Here we identify ethylene-insensitive protein 2 (EIN2), a central integrator.sup.3-5 that shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, as a direct substrate of TOR in Arabidopsis thaliana. Glucose-activated TOR kinase directly phosphorylates EIN2 to prevent its nuclear localization. Notably, the rapid global transcriptional reprogramming that is directed by glucose-TOR signalling is largely compromised in the ein2-5 mutant, and EIN2 negatively regulates the expression of a wide range of target genes of glucose-activated TOR that are involved in DNA replication, cell wall and lipid synthesis and various secondary metabolic pathways. Chemical, cellular and genetic analyses reveal that cell elongation and proliferation processes that are controlled by the glucose-TOR-EIN2 axis are decoupled from canonical ethylene-CTR1-EIN2 signalling, and mediated by different phosphorylation sites. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism by which a central signalling hub is shared but differentially modulated by diverse signalling pathways using distinct phosphorylation codes that can be specified by upstream protein kinases. In Arabidopsis, phosphorylation of EIN2 by TOR kinase in the presence of glucose prevents the nuclear localization of EIN2, showing that the glucose-TOR-EIN2 axis regulates the transcriptome independently of ethylene signalling pathways., Author(s): Liwen Fu [sup.1] [sup.2] , Yanlin Liu [sup.2] , Guochen Qin [sup.1] , Ping Wu [sup.3] , Hailing Zi [sup.1] , Zhongtian Xu [sup.1] , Xiaodi Zhao [sup.2] , [...]

Two new species of ponerine ants from Hainan Province, China, Leptogenyshainanensis sp. nov. and L.zhoui sp. nov. , are delineated and depicted based on the worker caste. Leptogenyshainanensis sp. nov. belongs to the L.leleji species group, with mandibles elongate, slender and curved, lacking a distinct masticatory margin. On the other hand, L.zhoui sp. nov. belongs to the L.crassicornis species group, distinguished by its square head, smooth body, mandibles with a dentate masticatory margin, and short antennae. A key to workers for the known species of Leptogenys in China are provided and a map is provided for the newly described species., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Chao Chen, Zhilin Chen, Zhenghui Xu, Qishan Fu, Liwen Fu.)