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Tracking the evolution of air pollutants has a critical impact on our ability to further improve air quality, which have been extensively studied in the North China Plain (NCP), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions, but remain poorly characterized in Guizhou located in the east of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Here, we analyzed spatiotemporal variations and trends of six criteria air pollutants, i.e., inhalable particles (PM10), fine particle (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3), from 2016 to 2020 in the focus major cities in Guizhou, taking advantage of the extensive network data available since 2016. The annual mean concentrations of the six criteria air pollutants were substantially lower than China’s national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS-II), confirmed a significant improvement of air quality in Guizhou. The annual mean concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO and NO2 all decreased year by year during 2016–2020 in the focus major cities, and the highest decrease occurred in fall or winter. By contrast, O3 increased with a rate ranged from 0.85 μg·m−3 yr−1 (95% CI: 0∼1.78) to 3.71 μg·m−3 yr−1 (95% CI: 2.54∼5.13), and the highest increase occurred in spring or summer, revealing a strong impetus for reducing O3 pollution. Correlations among the six criteria air pollutants unveiled that the correlation coefficients between PM2.5 and NO2 were higher than those of between PM2.5 and SO2 in most focus major cities, mirroring a priority to control NOx to further reduce PM2.5 pollution in Guizhou. The focus of curbing O3 pollution in Guizhou should be redesigned to mitigate multiple precursors from multiple sectors, and efficient control strategies to mitigate warm seasons O3 pollution should also be implemented in cold seasons. Our results will benefit for our knowledge about current air pollution situation and police makers for future air pollution control in Guizhou.

C82H48Cd2N4O8, triclinic, P1‾$P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.6031(3) Å, b = 10.6963(3) Å, c = 19.0717(7) Å, α = 98.967(3)°, β = 99.207(3)°, γ = 95.921(3)°, V = 1499.21(9) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0396, wRref(F2) = 0.0802, T = 293(2) K.

Plants number is an essential field phenotypic trait that affects the growth status and final quality of crop. In recent years, the integration of remote sensing technology and deep learning technology has provided a solution to the problem of crop plant counting in field. However, most of the previous studies have selected fixed crops (such as rice, wheat) for research, and few studies have reported the limitations in the application of this technology. In addition, as far as we know, there has been no report on the problem of ramie germplasm resources counting. In this study, in combination with DA (Data Augmentation) and three object detection algorithms, ramie germplasm resources were adopted to explore the accuracy of counting plant number under the condition of dense plant growth. The following functions were tested: (1) the influence of DA on the effect of plant counting; (2) the influence of ground sampling distance (GSD) on the effect of plant counting; (3) the influence of object detection algorithms on ramie detection object. The results showed that after the training sample was expanded by DA, the Precision of ramie plant counting model was increased by 6.630%. FCOS (Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detection) could perform better in small object and small sample data (Recall = 0.892, Precision = 0.819，RMSE = 0.089). It was necessary to ensure the consistency of GSD between training samples and verification samples for improving the accuracy of ramie plants counting. The ramie plant counting model has sufficient and stable ability to count ramie plants in the field, which can supplement the traditional manual counting method.

Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most frequent tumor subtypes, involving changes in a variety of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Hydroxysteroid 17-Beta Dehydrogenase 6 (HSD17B6) could synthetize dihydrotestosterone, abnormal levels of which are associated with progression of multiple tumors. Previously, we showed that HSD17B6 inhibits malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the mechanisms underlying inhibiting tumor development by HSD17B6 are not clear. Moreover, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is yet unknown. Here, we investigated its expression profile and biological functions in LUAD. Analysis of data from the LUAD datasets of TCGA, CPTAC, Oncomine, and GEO revealed that HSD17B6 mRNA and protein expression was frequently lower in LUAD than in non-neoplastic lung tissues, and its low expression correlated significantly with advanced tumor stage, large tumor size, poor tumor differentiation, high tumor grade, smoking, and poor prognosis in LUAD. In addition, its expression was negatively regulated by miR-31-5p in LUAD. HSD17B6 suppressed LUAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and radioresistance. Furthermore, HSD17B6 overexpression in LUAD cell lines enhanced PTEN expression and inhibited AKT phosphorylation, inactivating downstream oncogenes like GSK3β, β-catenin, and Cyclin-D independent of dihydrotestosterone, revealing an underlying antitumor mechanism of HSD17B6 in LUAD. Our findings indicate that HSD17B6 may function as a tumor suppressor in LUAD and could be a promising prognostic indicator for LUAD patients, especially for those receiving radiotherapy.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of preoperative use of β-blockers on blood transfusion volume, use of pressor drugs, post-reperfusion syndrome, and incidence of heart muscle injury and stroke within 30 d after operation during liver transplantation (LT) by a propensity-matched study. Methods A retrospective study was performed on the patients who underwent LT at UCLA Ronald Reagan medical center between October 2005 and September 2014 after the approval of the Institutional Review Board of the university (IRB#11-003058). According to the preoperative use of β-blockers or not, these patients were divided into β-blockers group (n=643) and non β-blockers group (n=809). The difference of preoperative variables between the 2 groups was analyzed by single factor analysis. The variables with a value of P < 0.05 and those of important relevant clinical status were selected in a logistic regression model to generate a propensity score for each patient. The patients in 2 groups were matched in 1: 1 with the nearest propensity scores. The amount of blood transfusion, use of vasopressors, incidence of post-reperfusion syndrome, and occurrence of myocardial injury and stroke within 30 d after LT were compared between the 2 groups. Results Based on the clinical data of 2 102 patients recruited in this study, single factor analysis showed that the patients of the β-blocker group were significantly older, larger proportion of males, and higher incidences of hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The results of logistic regression analysis eliminated after propensity match (442 patients in each group, totally 884 patients) indicated that there were no significant differences in the amount of intraoperative blood transfusion (18.8±16.1 vs 20.3±18.0 U, P=0.155), administration of vasopressors (77.4% vs 79.0%, P=0.556), incidence of post-reperfusion syndrome (14.7% vs 14.9%, P=0.901), and occurrence of myocardial injury (3.8% vs 4.3%, P=0.761) and stroke (0.7% vs 2.0%, P=0.143) within 30 d after LT between the 2 matched groups. Conclusion Preoperative use of β-blockers for over 7 d has no effect on amount of blood transfusion, use of vasopressors, incidence of post-reperfusion syndrome, and occurrence of myocardial injury and stroke within 30 d after LT. The drug can be continuously administered for the patients with end-stage liver disease before undergoing LT

C5H5N5O3, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 13.4643(13) Å, b = 6.2866(10) Å, c = 9.1138(9) Å, V = 771.43(16) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0517, wRref(F2) = 0.1317, T = 293 K.

Background: We previously reported a hybrid suture technique, wherein mattress and simple suturing are used to create Mason-Allen configuration, with low recurrence rates. This comparative study looking at the two years’ clinical outcomes of arthroscopic anterior labral repair using the hybrid suture technique versus simple suture technique. Methods: We identified 103 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior labral repair from 2010 to 2015 with 2-year follow-up. The patients were categorized into two groups: hybrid suture technique (65 patients) and simple suture technique (38 patients). Clinical outcomes measures included UCLA shoulder score, Constant Shoulder Score, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, and Oxford Instability score. Results: Mean age of the patients was 27.02 ± 9.76 years (17–63), with 91 males and 12 females. At 24 months, both groups showed significant improvement in post-operative clinical scores compared to pre-operation. The patients in hybrid sutures technique demonstrated significant improvement in Constant Shoulder Score, UCLA shoulder score and Oxford Instability score compared to simple suture group at 3 months follow up. (121.98 ± 21.05 vs 109.32 ± 21.15, p

Three-dimensional braided composites have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, which cannot be separated from their special structures. This paper aimed to provide a review on the research of 3D braided preform forming technology and the microstructure of 3D braided composites. In the aspect of forming technology, braiding methods and equipment currently used were introduced, then, research on new braiding method and braiding process was also introduced. In the aspect of its microstructure, detailed procedures of research from abstract to specification were presented, and the shortcoming of current microstructural model's characterization of fiber bundles deformation was pointed out, and two advanced modeling methods were introduced. Finally, it was pointed out that the methodology to characterize 3D braided structures can be further established in order to explore novel structures. Also, the mechanism of yarn deformation should be studied so as to get the microstructure model which is closer to the reality.

The formation process of manufacturing defects in Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) fabricated by automated fiber placement which involves different spatiotemporal scales, the mechanism of defects cannot be achieved by using macroscopic failure theory and experimental analysis methods. To solve these issues, this paper aimed at thermoplastic FRP, the common types of defects and reasons they formed were reported, and the present situation of bubble nucleation, thermo-mechanical coupling, theory of interface strengthening and in-situ consolidation were investigated. More importantly, the shortcomings of the current method for mechanism of defects were pointed out. According to existing multi-scale analysis method and nested relation of material design, multi-scale analysis method of anti-serial nested was presented, furthermore analysis and calculation method of microscopic mechanics parameters were discussed, such as fluidity of matrix, crystallinity, viscoelasticity, hygroscopicity. Finally, multi-scale collaborative design method for process parameters in FRP placement was put forward, based on methods of Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO). The future research will focus on analysis of the correlation characteristics of processing parameters, manufacturing defects and mechanical properties after application with AFP prototype. The mechanism of defects formation will be then revealed, and simultaneously, processing parameters will be optimized.

C21H20NiN6O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.1526(16) Å, b = 11.0670(18) Å, c = 11.1729(18) Å, α = 71.559(2)°, β = 69.827(2)°, γ = 70.439(2)°, V = 1081.3(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0370, wRref(F2) = 0.0911, T = 296(2) K.

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of neitrin-1,DCC receptor and myocardial fibrosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction.MethodsTwenty-four rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham group (n = 8), the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model group (n = 8), and the aerobic exercise treatment after acute myocardial infarction group (ET) (n = 8). After 10 weeks, the serum levels of netrin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2, 9), and their inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), myocardial netrin-1, and the deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) receptor were evaluated. Histopathological results were also evaluated. The collagen volume fraction of the myocardial tissues was also calculated.ResultsCompared with the sham group, in the AMI and ET groups, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were increased, while left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), and left ventricular pressure maximal rate of rise and fall (± dp/dtmax) were significantly decreased (PConclusionsAerobic exercise increased levels of serum netrin-1, myocardial netrin-1, and the DCC receptor and reduced the expression of myocardial MMP2 and MMP9 proteins, to improve the degree of fibrosis following myocardial infarction in rats.

This study focuses on how the use of digital portfolios in teacher education can support teacher candidates to shift their understanding of assessment as they form their assessment identity. The study was in the context of changing curriculum and assessment practices promoted in British Columbia. We draw on data from a cohort of teacher candidates in the first term of a 16-month post-degree teacher education program, where they created a digital portfolio across multiple courses as part of their final assessment to be used in an exit interview with instructors and teaching professionals from the field. Narratives of teacher candidates' experiences were collected to shed light on their changing understanding of assessment for learning practices and their emerging teacher identity as assessors promoted by the digital portfolio process. Significance of using digital portfolios to support their process of becoming teachers is focused in the conclusion of the paper.

ObjectiveWe aimed to identify preoperative and intraoperative factors associated with serious postoperative outcomes, which may help patients and clinicians make better-informed decisions.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study including all patients aged ≥90 years who underwent surgery between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2021, at Chongqing University Central Hospital. We assessed 30 pre- and intraoperative demographic and clinical variables. Logistic regression was used to identify the independent risk factors for serious postoperative outcomes in patients aged ≥90 years.ResultsA total of 428 patients were included in our analysis. The mean age was 92.6 years (SD ± 2.6). There were 240 (56.1%) females and 188 (43.9%) males. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (44.9%) and arrhythmias (34.8%). The 30-day hospital mortality was 5.6%, and severe morbidity was 33.2%. Based on the multivariate logistic regression classification analysis of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)≥ Ⅳ [odds ratio (OR), 5.39, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.06-14.16, P = .001], emergency surgery (OR, 5.02, 95% CI, 2.85-15.98, P = .001) and chronic heart failure (OR, 6.11, 95% CI, 1.93-13.06, P = .001) were identified as independent risk factors for 30-day hospital mortality, and ASA≥ Ⅳ (OR, 4.56, 95%CI, 2.56-8.15, P