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Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) represents a global acute respiratory condition that imposes substantial economic burdens on the cattle industry due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Various factors contribute to the development of BRDC, including pathogen infections, environmental stresses, weaning of calves, and herd relocation. Viral pathogens, notably bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), play a critical role in the etiology of BRDC, with single or combined viral infections being particularly clinically significant. In this study, we developed a duplex TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay targeting the conserved regions of the F gene of BRSV and the 5′ UTR sequence of BVDV. The limits of detection for BRSV and BVDV were 6.83 copies/μL and 5.24 copies/μL, respectively. Our validation data suggest the assay has excellent sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. Testing of clinical samples revealed prevalence of BRSV and BVDV in local farms in Jiangsu Province, China. This study provides an efficient diagnostic tool for the epidemiological investigation of BRDC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to develop a novel solvent system to prepare spherically agglomerated crystals (SAC) of ascorbic acid with improved flowability for direct compression. A spherical agglomeration method was developed by selecting the mixed solvents (n-butyl and ethyl acetate) as a poor solvent and the process was further optimized by using triangular phase diagram and particle vision measurement. Physiochemical properties of SAC were characterized and compared with original drug crystals. It showed that amount of poor solvent, ratio of solvent mixture, and drug concentration are critical for preparation of SAC with desirable properties. The solid state of SAC was same as original crystals according to DSC, XRD, and FT-IR results. There was no significant difference in solubility and dissolution rate of drug between SAC and original crystals. The flowability and packability of SAC as well as the tensile strength and elastic recovery of tablets made from SAC were all significantly improved when compared with original crystals and tablets from crystals. It is concluded that the present method was suitable to prepare SAC of ascorbic acid for direct compression. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Although zeolites such as NaY and 13X adsorb CO2 much more than CO, the adsorption amount of CO2 and CO can be reversed if the zeolites are modified with CuCl. When zeolite NaY or 13X is mixed with CuCl and heated, high CO adsorption selectivity and capacity can be obtained. Isotherms show the adsorbents have CO capacity much higher than CO2. This is because CuCl has dispersed onto the surface of the zeolites to form a monolayer after the heat treatment and the monolayer dispersed CuCl can provide tremendous Cu(I) to selective adsorb CO and inhibit the CO2 adsorption. The monolayer dispersion of CuCl is confirmed by XRD and EXAFS studies. The loading of CuCl on the zeolites has a threshold below which the CuCl forms monolayer after heating and crystalline phase of CuCl can not be detected by XRD. An adsorbent of CuCl/NaY with CuCl content closed to the monolayer capacity shows very high CO selective adsorbability for CO2, N2, H2 and CH4. At temperature higher than room temperature, the adsorbent has even better CO selectivity for CO2. Using the adsorbent, a single-stage 4 beds PSA process, working at 70°C and 0.4 MPa to 0.013 MPa, can obtain CO product with purity >99.5% and yield >85%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) were fabricated by microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis using vitamin C and thiourea as precursors. The as-prepared NSCDs demonstrated excellent properties, including aqueous dispensability, strong fluorescence emission, excellent environmental stability, high selectivity, and sensitivity toward Fe3+ ions. The NSCD-based material can be used as a “turn off” fluorescent probe for detecting Fe3+ ions at a low detection limit (4.2 nM). In addition, the “turn off” and “turn on” of NSCD fluorescent probe could be modulated by adding Fe3+ and EDTA, indicating weak interaction between the Fe3+ ions and NSCDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Pd-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 2-(2-vinylarene)acetonitriles and isocyanides has been documented. Various naphthalen-2-amines were obtained in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. The in vitro cytotoxicity of all products was evaluated by MTT assay against seven human cancer cell lines. The results indicated that compounds 3ea , 3ma , and 3ob exhibited effective anticancer activities against the tested cancer cells.