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BACKGROUND Based on the location and size of the fracture block, open reduction and internal fixation can be employed or assisted for shoulder arthroscopy in the treatment of glenoid fractures. However, the treatment of lower part of glenoid fractures through a novel axillary approach has not been reported so far. CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old right-handed man was transferred to our outpatient clinic because of right shoulder injury during a traffic accident. X-ray examination after admission suggested the fracture of the lower part of the right glenoid and an ipiselial proximal humeral fracture. Three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) further suggested that the size of the fracture block of the lower part of the right glenoid was 3.4 mm × 16.2 mm. The patient was diagnosed as the fracture of the lower part of the glenoid, also known as bony Bankart lesion without shoulder dislocation. After general anesthesia, the patient was surgically treated with the open reduction internal fixation through a novel axillary approach. 3D CT and shoulder joint function were reexamined at 12 mo of follow-up, showing acceptable recovery. CONCLUSION This case report describes a novel axillary approach adopted in an open reduction with cannulated screw and wire anchor internal fixation. After a follow-up for more than 12 mo, 3D CT and shoulder joint function examinations display a good recovery.

Two monosubstituted diiron complexes, namely (µ-SCH2CH2CH2S-µ)Fe2(CO)5L (L = P(2-C4H3O)3, 2; Ph2PCH2CH2CH3, 3), have been prepared by the carbonyl substitution of the parent complex (µ-SCH2CH2CH2S-µ)Fe2(CO)6 (1) with the corresponding monophosphine ligands in the presence of Me3NO·2H2O. The new complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

This paper introduces the present research on engine thermal balance. It aims YC6MK natural gas engine as research project to carry out thermal balance test study. The test indicates that recycling engine residual heat and letting engine work under specified working condition are two ways of improving engine entire efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical value of ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted Mammotome (MMT) system for surgical resection of benign breast disease. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted among 1267 patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery with ultrasound-guided MMT system for benign breast disease at our center between January, 2009 and January, 2014. The resection rate, incidence of complication, recurrence rate, patients' satisfaction, clinical follow-up results and risk factors were analyzed. The patients were followed up at 1 month, 6 months and every 6 months thereafter for up to 2 years with a median follow-up of 22 months. RESULTS: Of the total of 1267 patients, 1259 (99.36%) had complete resection of the breast lesions, and residual lesions were found in 8 cases 1 month after the operation. The resection rate was significantly associated with lesion size (P=0.003) but not with the patients'age, pathology, BI-RADS classification, or the number or location of the lesions (P>0.05). Eighty-nine (7.02%) patients showed postoperative complications, and hematoma occurred in 70 (5.52%) patients after the operation. The complication rate was significantly associated with the number and location of lesions (P=0.000) but not with age, pathology, BI-RADS classification or the lesion size (P>0.05). A total of 193 (15.23%) patients had recurrence after the operation, including 65 (5.13%) with in situ recurrence and 128 (10.1%) with new lesions. The recurrence rate was significantly associated with the number and size of lesions (P=0.000) but not with age, pathology, BI-RADS classification or location of lesions(P>0.05). Six patients were not satisfied with the appearance of the incision, and the overall satisfaction rate of the patients was 99.52%. CONCLUSION: s Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted MMT excision is a safe and effective procedure for benign breast disease with a low surgical complication rate, a high resection rate and a low recurrence rate. This technique results in good postoperative appearance for treatment of benign and high-risk breast lesions, especially multiple benign breast lesions

Mid-story isolation structure is developing from base isolation structures. As a complex structural system, the work mechanism of base isolation structure is not entirely appropriate for mid-story isolation structure, and the prolonging of structural natural period may not be able to decrease the seismic response of substructure and superstructure simultaneously. In this paper, for a four-story steel frame model, whose prototype first natural period is about 1s without seismic isolation design, the seismic responses and isolation effectiveness of mid-story isolation system with linear natural rubber bearing and viscous damper are studied experimentally by changing the location of isolation layer. Respectively, the locations of isolation layer are set at bottom of the first story, top of the first story, top of the second story and top of the third story. The results show that mid-story isolation can reduce seismic response in general, and substructure acceleration may be amplified.

Mid-story isolation structure is developing from base isolation structures. As a complex structural system, the work mechanism of base isolation structure is not entirely appropriate for mid-story isolation structure, and the prolonging of structural natural period may not be able to decrease the seismic response of substructure and superstructure simultaneously. In this paper, for a four-story steel frame model, whose prototype first natural period is about 1s without seismic isolation design, the seismic responses and isolation effectiveness of mid-story isolation system with lead rubber bearing are studied experimentally by changing the location of isolation layer. Respectively, the locations of isolation layer are set at bottom of the first story, top of the first story, top of the second story and top of the third story. The results show that mid-story isolation can reduce seismic response in general, and substructure acceleration may be amplified.

A smart base-isolation system, composed of low damping bearings and piezoelectric friction damper is studied in this paper. The semi-active piezoelectric friction damper (PFD[1]) is proposed for control of peak dynamic response of seismic-excited structures. In the proposed PFD device, the friction force between two sliding plates is regulated by controlling the normal force using piezoelectricity across the damper, and its advantage is that its operation requires only minimal external power. A high efficient control algorithm is proposed for the semi-active control of the friction damper using a simple static output. The effectiveness of the PFD device and the control strategy in reducing the peak dynamic response of structures is investigated through an application to a 5-story base-isolated building. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed PFD device and the control strategy are effective in reducing the peak drift of rubber-bearings of the base-isolated building subject to earthquakes.

This paper presents a bidirectional piezoelectric actuator, which can be used to vibration control of serially connected isolation System. Firstly, the performance test of this control device was processed. Then vibration control experiment of serially connected isolation system with this control device based on sweep sine shaking table was carried out. The experimental results show that this control device has stable mechanical properties, produces semi-active control force fast and has the outstanding control efficiency for serially connected isolation system. In addition, this control still has the satisfactory control efficiency when the piezoelectric actuator of this control is failed, which indicates the fail-safe function of this control.

A rapid chemiluminescence (CL) reaction was observed when Ce(IV) was injected into the mixed solution of pyridoxine hydrochloride and sodium sulfite. A new flow-injection CL method for the determination of pyridoxine hydrochloride was established. The detection limit (3σ) was 0.5 mg/L pyridoxine hydrochloride and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.3% (n = 11, γ = 5 mg/L). The CL intensity responded linearly to the concentration of pyridoxine hydrochloride in the ranges 1.0–10.0 mg/L and 10.0–100.0 mg/L with linear correlation coefficients of 0.9994 and 0.9991, respectively. The method had been applied to the determination of pyridoxine hydrochloride in tablets and injections successfully.

Isolation technique has been acceded as a part of the China Seismic Code for Design of Buildings. In this code, the limitations for using isolation design are very strict, superstructure must be regular and the isolation layer must be located on the top of base (base isolated structure). Because of the needs of architecture and function or the feasibility of technique, some limitations have been broken in recent projects. Sometimes isolated layer can be set on the intermediate story, so-called the mid-story isolated structure. According to the characteristic of structure, isolation layer of mid-story isolated structure is set on a place where the structure’s vertical stiffness is suddenly changed, as like the top of the first story, middle story, conversion story of the structure. Laminated rubber bearings (LRB) are adopted as an isolation layer. Because the isolation layer is set on intermediate story, the whole structure is divided into superstructure and substructure; the structure’s dynamic characteristics are changed. The mechanism of mid-story isolated structure appears different characteristic compared with base isolation. The aim of mid-story isolation is not only to reduce seismic responses of superstructure, but also to reduce seismic responses of the substructure. Theoretical analysis and the shaking table test of the mid-story isolated structure were carried. And the response of mid-story isolated structure is discussed by comparing with the response of base-isolated structure and base fixed structure. The key problems of mid-story isolated structure are the force condition and the interaction of the structure up and below the isolation layer. Many factors, such as the number of story, mass, stiffness of superstructure and substructure, parameter of the isolation layer, have influence on the seismic behavior of the mid-story isolated structure. The optimum combination relationship of these factors is presented and dynamic characteristics and dynamic responses are investigated.

Based on the configuration and mechanical characteristics of piezoelectric actuator, the bidirectional piezoelectric variable friction control device which can produce control force in two orthogonal directions was designed and the relation equation of control force with input voltage for this control device was presented. Finally, one piezoelectric variable friction control device was manufactured and performance test of this control device was processed. The result of numerical analysis and experiment shows the bidirectional piezoelectric variable friction control device can produce semi-active control force fast, and the performance of this control device do not change when the frequency of input excitation varies and the control force of this control device has stable mechanical properties.

To make the active and semi-active vibration control system in civil engineering get rid of external power supply, a new piezoelectric friction damper with self-power and sensing is designed in this paper and a semi-active control system based on this damper is presented. This system includes three key parts: a piezoelectric friction damper, a power generator based on the piezoelectric stack electro-mechanical energy conversion and a control circuit. It makes full use of the direct and converse piezoelectric effect. At the same time, it also overcomes the deficiency that the frictional force as damping can not be accurately desired in semi-active vibration control system. On the basis of it, the control equation of PFD is formulated. Numerical simulations for seismic protection of story isolation equipped with this system excited by a historical earthquake are conducted by MATLAB. Skyhook control is used to command a piezoelectric friction damper in the semi-active control. It is noticed that only one accelerometer is needed to monitor the response to realize the skyhook control, which greatly simplifies the classical semi-active vibration control system.

This paper presents an application of adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) for a benchmark problem on a seismically excited highway bridge. This approach combines great advantages of sliding mode control (SMC), adaptive control and fuzzy control without compromising the stability or robustness. Switching-type control law of the conventional SMC and uncertainty part of the equivalent control is approximated by fuzzy controller to attenuate the chattering phenomenon of SMC and harmful effects caused by uncertainties. In order to reduce the complexity of the fuzzy rule bases, adaptive law based on Lyapunov function and Barbalat lemma is designed. AFSMC is also integrated with clipped-optimal strategy to illustrate its efficiency for semi-active MR dampers. Robustness of the AFSMC controller has been demonstrated analyzing ±30% perturbation in the stiffness of the bridge. Numerical results indicate that the response quantities of the highway bridge can be reduced to a satisfactory level superior to those of the sample LQG and LQG/clipped-optimal algorithms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Buildings designed with traditional anti-seismic systems are susceptible to damage by certain levels of earthquake activity, and may be seriously damaged or collapsed by unpredicted earthquakes. More and more un-expectedly strong earthquakes represent a severe threat to human life and safety. The people urgently demand buildings that are guaranteed safe in strong earthquakes. Seismic isolation provides a new way to satisfy this human need. About 450 buildings with seismic isolation had been built in China up to the end of 2000. The safety level of buildings with seismic isolation is increased by a factor of 2–8, but building cost are 3–15% lower for general civil buildings. Wide application of seismic isolation of civil buildings has become a strong tendency in China and other countries. This paper briefly introduces recent research, applications and developments in seismic isolation of civil buildings in China, including, different isolation systems and different design levels, a series of tests and research projects, design codes and analysis programs, a summary of application status and examples, with discussion of some problems in the future development of seismic isolation of buildings.

This paper investigates the phenomena of the sympathetic inrush influence on two cars while the EMU passing neutral section. The mathematical expression of the change of the flux linkage is built when two cars running on the same line. Using the mathematical expression, the theory and characteristic of the sympathetic inrush is analyzed. At last, the theory is proved by the result of the simulation model which is built based on matlab/simulink.

This paper analyzes the theory and characteristic of the over-current phenomena while the EMU passing neutral section and builds the mathematical expression of the flux linkage when several parallel transformers closing at the same time. It also builds the simulation model based on matlab/simulink and investigates the relationship between the number of transformers closed while the EMU passing neutral section and the value of the inrush current.

To guarantee the safety and functionality of structures simultaneously at different levels of seismic loadings, this paper proposes a multi-objective switching fuzzy control (MOSFC) strategy. MOSFC functions as a trigger with two control states considered. When the structure is at the state of linear, the main objection of control is the peak acceleration. On the other hand, once the nonlinear appears, the control of peak inter-storey drift is the main objection. Multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II, is employed for optimizing the fuzzy control rules. A scaled model of a six-storey building with two MR dampers installed at the two bottom floors is simulated here. Linear and Nonlinear numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness.

This paper briefly introduces the recent research, testing analysis, design and application on seismic isolation, energy dissipation, tuned mass damper and active control for buildings and bridges in mainland China. Paper introduces some typical researches, testing and analysis, including the mechanical tests for bearings and control devices, and the shaking table tests for structural models with different control systems. Paper also introduces the Chinese design codes for structures with seismic isolation and energy dissipation. Paper describes the recent application status and typical examples, especially introduces the largest isolation buildings group in the world, and the using passive and semi active control for structures. Also the paper makes discussion some problems existed on passive and active control technique now and the tendency of development on seismic control in future

This paper describes the most recent development and the design code of seismic isolation and passive energy dissipation In China. Using seismic isolation and passive energy dissipation, which are more reasonable, safe also saving, is becoming a strong tendency in China.

In the title salt, [Cu(NO(3))(C(7)H(6)N(2))(4)]NO(3), one nitrate anion is coordinated to the Cu(II) atom, which is also coordinated by the N atoms of four N-heterocycles. The geometry at the metal atom is a square pyramid in which the O atom of the anion occupies the apical position [Cu-O = 2.468 (5) and 2.590 (7) Å in the two independent formula units]. The cation lies on a twofold rotation axis; the coordinated nitrate anion is also disordered about this symmetry element. The lattice anion is also disordered about a twofold rotation axis. In the crystal, the cations are linked to the coordinated and free anions by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

The polymeric title compound, [Ce(C(7)H(3)N(2)O(6))(3)(C(2)H(6)OS)(2)](n), exists as a linear chain along [111] as the three dinitro-benzoate anions each engages in bridging adjacent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) coordinated Ce(III) atoms. The metal atoms are surrounded by eight O atoms in a square-anti-prismatic environment. There are two independent formula units in the asymmetric unit. The S atoms of two of the four DMSO mol-ecules are disordered in a 0.926 (3):0.074 (3) ratio.

In the title compound, C(14)H(10)O(6)S(2), the dihedral angle between the planes of the two phenyl-ene rings is 55.9 (1)°. Both hydr-oxy groups form intra-molecular hydrogen bonds; however, one of them also engages in inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected into helical chains by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal studied was an inversion twin with a domain ratio of 0.51 (13):0.49 (13).