18 results on '"Fu MQ"'
Search Results
2. Occurrence, seasonal variation and gas/particle partitioning of current used pesticides (CUPs) across 60 °C temperature and 30° latitudes in China.
- Author
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Wang L, Cao G, Zhang ZF, Liu LY, Jia SM, Fu MQ, and Ma WL
- Abstract
Gas and particle phases samples were collected at three sites in China in 2019-2020, with 60 °C temperature span and 30° latitude range. Totally, among 76 target current used pesticides (CUPs) with four types, 51 were quantified in at least one sample. The concentrations of individual CUPs ranged from 8 orders of magnitude, indicating different pollution levels. Herbicides were the dominated CUPs in Northeast China, while higher concentrations of fungicides were found in Southeast China. The highest concentrations of CUPs were observed in Southeast China in spring and winter, while in summer and autumn in Northeast China, caused by local climates and crop cultivation patterns. The gas/particle (G/P) partitioning of CUPs was mainly influenced by their physicochemical properties and ambient temperature. The G/P partitioning study indicated that the L-M-Y model was the optimum prediction model for herbicides, fungicides and pyrethroids. The L-M-Y model and the H-B model presented equal performance for organophosphate insecticides. To our knowledge, the L-M-Y model was firstly applied for the study of the G/P partitioning of CUPs, which provided new insights into the related fields of new emergency contaminates., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest disclosure The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. Cross-regional scale studies of organochlorine pesticides in air in China: Pollution characteristic, seasonal variation, and gas/particle partitioning.
- Author
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Wang L, Cao G, Liu LY, Zhang ZF, Jia SM, Fu MQ, and Ma WL
- Abstract
Few simultaneous studies of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the atmosphere have been conducted across Southeast and Northeast China, and no data on the gas/particle (G/P) partitioning behaviors of several current-use OCPs are available. In this study, a one-year synchronous monitoring program was conducted for OCPs in Chinese atmosphere spanning 30° latitude and 60 °C temperature. A total of 111 pairs of gas and particle samples were collected from Mohe and Harbin in Northeast China and from Shenzhen in Southeast China. The detection frequency for 66.7 % of the OCPs exceeded 80 %, indicating their prevalence in the atmosphere. The concentrations of individual OCPs spanned six orders of magnitude, indicating different pollution levels. Highest levels of hexachlorobenzene were observed at all sites. Banned OCPs were found predominantly in secondary distribution patterns, whereas current-use OCPs were dominated by primary distribution patterns. In Harbin and Mohe, the concentrations of OCPs were highest in summer, followed by autumn and winter. No obvious seasonal variation was observed in Shenzhen associated with different cultivation types. At all three sites, OCPs were predominantly found in the gas phase, and higher percentages of particle-phase OCPs were observed in Harbin and Mohe than in Shenzhen. In this study, G/P partitioning models were used to study the G/P partitioning mechanism of OCPs. The Li-Ma-Yang model provided the most accurate prediction of the G/P partitioning behavior of OCPs with high molecular weights and low vapor pressures, particularly at low temperatures. However, OCPs with lower molecular weights and higher vapor pressures were predominantly in the equilibrium state, for which the Junge-Pankow model was suitable. This systematic cross-scale study provides new insights into pollution, G/P partitioning, and the environmental behavior of OCPs in the atmosphere., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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4. Direct Hydroxylarylation of Benzylic Carbons (sp 3 /sp 2 /sp) via Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling Powered by Paired Electrolysis.
- Author
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Wang XW, Li RX, Deng Y, Fu MQ, Zhao YN, Guan Z, and He YH
- Subjects
- Carbon chemistry, Ethanol, Catalysis, Benzyl Alcohol, Aldehydes
- Abstract
Diaryl alcohol moieties are widespread in pharmaceuticals. Existing methods for the synthesis of diaryl alcohols require the use of pre-functionalized benzylic alcohols, aromatic aldehydes, or ketones as starting materials. Herein, the first convergent paired electrochemical approach to the direct hydroxylarylation of unactivated benzylic carbons (sp
3 /sp2 /sp) is proposed. This protocol features direct functionalization of unactivated benzylic C(sp3 )-H bonds and benzylic sp2 /sp-carbons, mild conditions (open air, room temperature), an environmentally friendly procedure (without any external catalyst/mediator/additive), and direct access to sterically hindered alcohols from inexpensive and readily available alkyl/alkenyl/alkynylbenzenes. Mechanistic studies, including divided-cell experiments, isotope labeling, radical trapping, electron paramagnetic resonance, reaction kinetics, and cyclic voltammetry, strongly support the proposed radical-radical cross-coupling between transient ketyl radicals and persistent radical anions. Gram-scale synthesis and diversification of drug derivatives have visualized the tremendous potential of this protocol for practical applications.- Published
- 2023
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5. [Application of personalized digital analog assisted acetabular prosthesis precise implantation in Crowe typeⅠand Ⅱ hip dysplasia].
- Author
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Chen JX, Yu ZY, Cheng QX, Fu MQ, Shi BN, Yang J, Zhou JJ, and Zhao M
- Subjects
- Acetabulum surgery, Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hip Dislocation, Congenital surgery, Humans, Joint Dislocations surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Hip Dislocation surgery, Hip Prosthesis
- Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of personalized digital analog assisted acetabular prosthesis precise implantation in hip dysplasia., Methods: From February 2017 to July 2019, 11 patients(12 hips) with hip dysplasia underwent total hip arthroplasty, including 4 males(5 hips) and 7 females(7 hips), aged from 27 to 61 years old, with an average of (46.64±12.93) years old;Crowe classification:8 hips in typeⅠ and 4 hips in typeⅡ. The preoperative thin-layer CT scan was imported into Mimics 10.01 software. The appropriate size and placement angle of acetabular prosthesis were selected through preoperative simulation, and the acetabular bone defect was understood to determine whether structural bone grafting was needed during the operation. The length of both lower limbs, the anteversion angle of acetabular prosthesis, the abduction angle, the height of acetabular rotation center and the horizontal distance of hip joint center before and after the operation were measured, and the postoperative dislocation, bone graft healing and acetabular cup loosening were observed. The hip Harris score was used to evaluate the joint function., Results: All patients were followed up for 18 to 30 months with an average of (23.45±3.70) months. There was no prosthesis dislocation, loosening and bone graft healing after operation. One case had numbness in the innervation area due to the traction of sciatic nerve during operation, and was treated with neurotrophic drugs and recovered one month after operation. The length difference of both lower limbs decreased from (31.73±5.98) mm before operation to (4.73±1.90) mm 3 months after operation ( t =15.268, P <0.01). The anteversion angle of acetabular cup and acetabulum was (17.45±3.62)°and abduction angle was (40.10 ± 2.30)° after operation. In all cases, the abduction angle and anteversion angle were within the safe range of Lewinek. The height of hip rotation center was (20.64±2.58) mm and the horizontal inward displacement of hip was (33.46±3.61) mm. Harris score increased from (45.36±2.34) before operation to (91.27±2.37) 3 months after operation ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Through preoperative personalized digital analog reconstruction of acetabulum in patients with hip dysplasia, we can better understand the acetabular defect, help to evaluate the size and placement angle of acetabular prosthesis and whether structural bone grafting is needed, and obtain satisfactory clinical curative effect.
- Published
- 2022
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6. Supramolecular fluorogenic peptide sensor array based on graphene oxide for the differential sensing of ebola virus.
- Author
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Fu MQ, Wang XC, Dou WT, Chen GR, James TD, Zhou DM, and He XP
- Subjects
- Marburgvirus isolation & purification, Vesiculovirus isolation & purification, Biosensing Techniques, Capsid Proteins chemistry, Ebolavirus isolation & purification, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Glycoproteins chemistry, Graphite chemistry, Peptides chemistry
- Abstract
We report on a supramolecular sensor array using fluorogenic peptide probes and graphene oxide that can target glycoproteins on a viral caspid, facilitating the differentiation of ebola virus from marburg virus and receptor-extensive vesicular stomatitis virus using principal component analysis.
- Published
- 2020
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7. Observational Study of Chinese Medicine Syndrome Distribution in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Impact on Prognosis.
- Author
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Zhu HM, Zhou JM, Jin XJ, Fu MQ, Zhu LT, Cui XT, Fan Y, Cai DF, and Ge JB
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction complications, Myocardial Infarction pathology, Prevalence, Prognosis, Syndrome, Diagnosis, Differential, Medicine, Chinese Traditional methods, Myocardial Infarction diagnosis, Myocardial Infarction epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distribution of Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on admission and its impact on prognosis., Methods: A total of 525 AMI patients were prospectively recruited and classifified into 4 groups based on their clinical characteristics: excess-heat, excess-cold, deficiency-heat and deficiency-cold syndromes. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were followed up., Results: The excess syndrome was more common than deficiency syndrome (72.95% vs. 27.05%; P<0.05). Totally 495 (94.29%) of 525 AMI patients were followed up (median 277 days). There were 59 (11.92%) MACEs. After adjusted with confounding factors in Cox regression models, the hazard ratio (95% confifidence interval) of excess-heat, excess-cold, defificiency-heat and defificiency-cold syndrome groups were 1, 1.25 (0.63, 2.49; P<0.05), 2.37 (1.14, 4.94; P<0.05), 3.76 (1.71, 8.28; P<0.05), respectively., Conclusions: Excess syndrome was more common in AMI patients and had better prognosis, while defificiency-cold syndrome had the poorest prognosis. CM syndrome was of value in predicting long-term outcomes in AMI patients.
- Published
- 2019
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8. Development of a rinsing separation method for exosome isolation and comparison to conventional methods.
- Author
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Cheng H, Fang H, Xu RD, Fu MQ, Chen L, Song XY, Qian JY, Zou YZ, Ma JY, and Ge JB
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport metabolism, Male, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Nanoparticles, Particle Size, Rats, Tetraspanin 30 metabolism, Transcription Factors metabolism, Ultracentrifugation, Exosomes metabolism, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Single Molecule Imaging methods
- Abstract
Objective: Exosomes contain valuable biomarkers for many diseases. Tragically, standardized isolation methods and subsequent characterization criteria for exosomes remain limited. Therefore, we developed a new exosome isolation method, termed rinsing separation, and compared its advantages and weaknesses relative to the existing ultracentrifugation and ExoQuick precipitation methods., Materials and Methods: Rinsing separation utilizes heparin and glutaraldehyde as a fixative to isolate exosomes, and was developed using the culture supernatant from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The isolated exosomes were characterized and compared by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Western blot., Results: Consistent with known exosome parameters, exosomes isolated using each method ranged in size from 30 to 150 nm and demonstrated the characteristic cup-shaped morphology. Moreover, the exosome markers CD63 and TSG101 were observed in the lysate of all exosome samples that were isolated using each method. Several advantages and drawbacks were noted for each exosome isolation method. Most notably, ultracentrifugation resulted in fewer, but highly pure, exosomes, and samples generated using the ExoQuick precipitation method contained the most contaminating debris. Samples obtained using pour rinsing separation method represented an amalgam of these two fractions, but were isolated in significantly less time., Conclusions: In this study, we propose rinsing separation as a new method of isolating exosomes. This method is convenient, and the resulting exosomes are highly pure. Moreover, rinsing separation offers time- and cost-efficiency advantages, making it a promising approach for exosome isolation for clinical applications.
- Published
- 2019
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9. Tetraphenylethylene-based glycoclusters with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties as high-affinity ligands of bacterial lectins.
- Author
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Donnier-Maréchal M, Abdullayev S, Bauduin M, Pascal Y, Fu MQ, He XP, Gillon E, Imberty A, Kipnis E, Dessein R, and Vidal S
- Subjects
- Ligands, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Adhesins, Bacterial metabolism, Oligosaccharides chemistry, Oligosaccharides metabolism, Stilbenes chemistry
- Abstract
Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) is fluorescent through aggregation induced emission (AIE) in water. Herein, TPE was used as the core of glycoclusters that target the bacterial lectins LecA and LecB of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Synthesis of these TPE-based glycoclusters was accomplished by using azide-alkyne "click" chemistry. The AIE properties of the resulting glycoclusters could be readily verified, but imaging could not be pursued due to the overlap of the fluorescence signals from cells and bacteria. Nonetheless, the glycoclusters displayed nanomolar affinities toward LecA and LecB. Further evaluation in a cell-based anti-adhesive assay highlighted a limited decrease in adhesion (20%) for the fucosylated glycocluster. This confirmed that these TPE-based glycoclusters are indeed LecA and LecB high-affinity ligands. Nevertheless, the hypotheses involving their application in imaging or anti-adhesive therapy could not be verified.
- Published
- 2018
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10. "Perfect" designer chromosome V and behavior of a ring derivative.
- Author
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Xie ZX, Li BZ, Mitchell LA, Wu Y, Qi X, Jin Z, Jia B, Wang X, Zeng BX, Liu HM, Wu XL, Feng Q, Zhang WZ, Liu W, Ding MZ, Li X, Zhao GR, Qiao JJ, Cheng JS, Zhao M, Kuang Z, Wang X, Martin JA, Stracquadanio G, Yang K, Bai X, Zhao J, Hu ML, Lin QH, Zhang WQ, Shen MH, Chen S, Su W, Wang EX, Guo R, Zhai F, Guo XJ, Du HX, Zhu JQ, Song TQ, Dai JJ, Li FF, Jiang GZ, Han SL, Liu SY, Yu ZC, Yang XN, Chen K, Hu C, Li DS, Jia N, Liu Y, Wang LT, Wang S, Wei XT, Fu MQ, Qu LM, Xin SY, Liu T, Tian KR, Li XN, Zhang JH, Song LX, Liu JG, Lv JF, Xu H, Tao R, Wang Y, Zhang TT, Deng YX, Wang YR, Li T, Ye GX, Xu XR, Xia ZB, Zhang W, Yang SL, Liu YL, Ding WQ, Liu ZN, Zhu JQ, Liu NZ, Walker R, Luo Y, Wang Y, Shen Y, Yang H, Cai Y, Ma PS, Zhang CT, Bader JS, Boeke JD, and Yuan YJ
- Subjects
- Bacterial Proteins, CRISPR-Associated Protein 9, Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast genetics, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, Endonucleases, Gene Editing, Gene Rearrangement, Meiosis, Models, Genetic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytology, Transformation, Genetic, Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast chemistry, Genome, Fungal, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Synthetic Biology methods
- Abstract
Perfect matching of an assembled physical sequence to a specified designed sequence is crucial to verify design principles in genome synthesis. We designed and de novo synthesized 536,024-base pair chromosome synV in the "Build-A-Genome China" course. We corrected an initial isolate of synV to perfectly match the designed sequence using integrative cotransformation and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated editing in 22 steps; synV strains exhibit high fitness under a variety of culture conditions, compared with that of wild-type V strains. A ring synV derivative was constructed, which is fully functional in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under all conditions tested and exhibits lower spore viability during meiosis. Ring synV chromosome can extends Sc2.0 design principles and provides a model with which to study genomic rearrangement, ring chromosome evolution, and human ring chromosome disorders., (Copyright © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.)
- Published
- 2017
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11. Suppression of Bim by microRNA-19a may protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced cell death via autophagy activation.
- Author
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Gao YH, Qian JY, Chen ZW, Fu MQ, Xu JF, Xia Y, Ding XF, Yang XD, Cao YY, Zou YZ, Ren J, Sun AJ, and Ge JB
- Subjects
- 3' Untranslated Regions, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Apoptosis, Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 genetics, Binding Sites, Cell Hypoxia, Cells, Cultured, Down-Regulation, Genes, Reporter, MicroRNAs genetics, Myocytes, Cardiac pathology, Necrosis, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Signal Transduction, Time Factors, Transfection, Autophagy, Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 metabolism, MicroRNAs metabolism, Myocytes, Cardiac metabolism
- Abstract
Microvascular obstruction (MO), one of unfavorable complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is responsible for the lost benefit of reperfusion therapy. Determination of microRNA-19a, a member of the miR-17-92 cluster, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed notably down-regulated microRNA-19a, in myocardium with MO. Nonetheless, the role of miR-19a in MO and the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. To this end, an in vitro microembolization model in cardiomyocytes was used. Our data revealed that hypoxic exposure prompted cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a time-dependent manner accompanied by reduced miR-19a. miR-19a overexpression clearly ameliorated hypoxia-induced cell death (necrosis and apoptosis), at least in part, through switching on autophagy. Further dual-luciferase reporter assay and immunoblotting studies demonstrated that miR-19a-induced cytoprotection might be achieved in part through modulation of the specific target Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death, Bim, an apoptotic activator. Bim sufficiently interfered with miR-19a-induced LC3 conversion and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxia. Moreover, cardiomyocytes pretreated with 3-methyladenine conferred resistance to the cytoprotective effect of miR-19a and displayed notably increased TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity. In conclusion, miR-19a protected cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced lethality at least in part via Bim suppression and subsequently autophagy activation., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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12. In situ multiproperty measurements of individual nanomaterials in SEM and correlation with their atomic structures.
- Author
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Ning ZY, Fu MQ, Shi TW, Guo Y, Wei XL, Gao S, and Chen Q
- Abstract
The relationship between property and structure is one of the most important fundamental questions in the field of nanomaterials and nanodevices. Understanding the multiproperties of a given nano-object also aids in the development of novel nanomaterials and nanodevices. In this paper, we develop for the first time a comprehensive platform for in situ multiproperty measurements of individual nanomaterials using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical, electrical, electromechanical, optical, and photoelectronic properties of individual nanomaterials, with lengths that range from less than 200 nm to 20 μm, can be measured in situ with an SEM on the platform under precisely controlled single-axial strain and environment. An individual single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was measured on the platform. Three-terminal electronic measurements in a field effect transistor structure showed that the SWCNT was semiconducting and agreed with the structure characterization by transmission electron microscopy after the in situ measurements. Importantly, we observed a bandgap increase of this SWCNT with increasing axial strain, and for the first time, the experimental results quantitatively agree with theoretical predictions calculated using the chirality of the SWCNT. The vibration performance of the SWCNT, a double-walled CNT, and a triple-walled CNT were also studied as a function of axial strain, and were proved to be in good agreement with classical beam theory, although the CNTs only have one, two, or three atomic layers, respectively. Our platform has wide applications in correlating multiproperties of the same individual nanostructures with their atomic structures.
- Published
- 2014
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13. A platform for in-situ multi-probe electronic measurements and modification of nanodevices inside a transmission electron microscope.
- Author
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Xu TT, Ning ZY, Shi TW, Fu MQ, Wang JY, and Chen Q
- Abstract
We developed a new platform that enables in-situ four-probe electronic measurements, in-situ three-probe field-effect measurements, nanomanipulation, and in-situ modification of nanodevices inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The platform includes a specially designed chip-holder and a silicon (Si) chip with suspended metal electrodes. The chip-holder can hold one Si chip with a size up to 3 mm × 3 mm and provides four electrical connections that can be connected to the micrometer-sized electrodes on the Si chip by wire-bonding. The other side of the electrical connections on the chip-holder is connected to the electronic instruments outside the TEM through a commercial Nanofactory SPM-TEM holder. The Si chip with suspended metal electrodes on one of its edges was fabricated by lithography and wet etching. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), InAs nanowires, and tungsten disulfide nanowires were placed to stride over and connect to the suspended electrodes on the Si chip by nanomanipulations inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). By using the platform, I-V curves of an individual single-walled CNT connecting to four electrodes were in-situ measured between any two of the four suspended electrodes, and a high-resolution TEM image of the same CNT was obtained. Furthermore, four-terminal I-V measurement on an InAs nanowire was achieved on this platform, and with a movable probe used as a gate electrode, field-effect measurement on the same InAs nanowire device was accomplished in SEM. In addition, by using the movable probe on the SPM-TEM holder, we could further in-situ modify nanomaterial and nanodevices. The present work demonstrates a method that allows a direct correlation between the atomic-level structure and the electronic property of nanomaterials or nanodevices whose structure can be further modified in-situ.
- Published
- 2014
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14. Transversally and axially tunable carbon nanotube resonators in situ fabricated and studied inside a scanning electron microscope.
- Author
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Ning ZY, Shi TW, Fu MQ, Guo Y, Wei XL, Gao S, and Chen Q
- Abstract
We report a new design of carbon nanotube (CNT) resonator, whose resonance frequency can be tuned not only transversally by a gate voltage, but also by the axial strain applied through directly pulling the CNT. The resonators are fabricated from individual suspended single-walled CNT (SWCNT) in situ inside a scanning electron microscope. The resonance frequency of a SWCNT resonator can be tuned by more than 20 times with an increase of quality factor when the axial strain of the SWCNT is only increased from nearly zero to 2% at room temperature. The transversal gate-tuning ability is found to be weaker than the axial-tuning ability and decrease with increasing the axial strain. The gate voltage can hardly tune the resonance frequency when the initial axial strain is larger than 0.35% and the CNT acts like a tied string. The relationship among resonance frequency, gate voltage, and initial axial strain of the CNT obtained presently will allow for the designs of CNT resonators with high frequency and large tuning range. The present resonator also shows ultrahigh sensitivity in displacement and force detection, with a resolution being better than 2.4 pm and 0.55 pN, respectively.
- Published
- 2014
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15. AtMYB44 regulates resistance to the green peach aphid and diamondback moth by activating EIN2-affected defences in Arabidopsis.
- Author
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Lü BB, Li XJ, Sun WW, Li L, Gao R, Zhu Q, Tian SM, Fu MQ, Yu HL, Tang XM, Zhang CL, and Dong HS
- Subjects
- Animals, Aphids, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Chimera, Genes, Plant, Genotype, Glucosinolates biosynthesis, Glucosinolates genetics, Herbivory, Moths, Mutation, Phloem, Receptors, Cell Surface metabolism, Secondary Metabolism, Transcription Factors metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Disease Resistance genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Insecta, Plant Diseases genetics, Receptors, Cell Surface genetics, Transcription Factors genetics
- Abstract
Recently we showed that the transcription activator AtMYB44 regulates expression of EIN2, a gene essential for ethylene signalling and insect resistance, in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). To link the transactivation with insect resistance, we investigated the wild-type and atmyb44 mutant plants, genetically Complemented atmyb44 (Catmyb44) and AtMYB44-Overexpression Transgenic Arabidopsis (MYB44OTA). We found that AtMYB44 played a critical role in Arabidopsis resistance to the phloem-feeding generalist green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) and leaf-chewing specialist caterpillar diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). AtMYB44 was required not only for the development of constitutive resistance but also for the induction of resistance by both herbivorous insects. Levels of constitutive and herbivore-induced resistance were consistent with corresponding amounts of the AtMYB44 protein constitutively produced in MYB44OTA and induced by herbivory in Catmyb44. In both cases, AtMYB44 promoted EIN2 expression to a greater extent in MYB44OTA than in Catmyb44. However, AtMYB44-promoted EIN2 expression was arrested with reduced resistance levels in the EIN2-deficient Arabidopsis mutant ein2-1 and the MYB44OTA ein2-1 hybrid. In the different plant genotypes, only MYB44OTA constitutively displayed phloem-based defences, which are specific to phloem-feeding insects, and robust expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of glucosinolates, which are the secondary plant metabolites known as deterrents to generalist herbivores. Phloem-based defences and glucosinolate-related gene expression were not detected in ein2-1 and MYB44OTA ein2-1. These results establish a genetic connection between the regulatory role of AtMYB44 in EIN2 expression and the development of Arabidopsis resistance to insects., (© 2013 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.)
- Published
- 2013
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16. Prunus pananensis (Rosaceae), a new species from Pan'an of central Zhejiang, China.
- Author
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Chen ZL, Chen WJ, Chen H, Zhou YY, Tang MQ, Fu MQ, and Jin XF
- Subjects
- China, Chloroplast Proton-Translocating ATPases genetics, DNA, Chloroplast chemistry, DNA, Intergenic genetics, Flowers anatomy & histology, Flowers ultrastructure, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Plant Components, Aerial ultrastructure, Plant Leaves anatomy & histology, Plant Leaves ultrastructure, Plant Shoots anatomy & histology, Plant Shoots ultrastructure, Plant Structures anatomy & histology, Plant Structures ultrastructure, Prunus classification, RNA, Transfer genetics, Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Species Specificity, DNA, Chloroplast genetics, Plant Components, Aerial anatomy & histology, Prunus anatomy & histology, Prunus genetics
- Abstract
Prunus pananensis Z. L. Chen, W. J. Chen & X. F. Jin, a new species of Rosaceae from central Zhejiang, China is described and illustrated. Micromorphological characters of the indumentum on young shoots, leaves, petioles and peduncles, including scanning electron microscope [SEM] images, are provided. This new species is morphologically similar to P. schneiderianae Koehne in having its young shoots, petioles and pedicels all densely villose, but differs in having bracts persistent, styles glabrous, stipules 8-9 mm long, stamens 28-30 of per flower, and drupes glabrous. The new species is also similar to P. discoidea (Yü & C. L. Li) Yü & C. L. Li ex Z. Wei & Y. B. Chang in having 2 or 3 flowers in an umbellate inflorescence, and bracts persistent and marginally glandular, but it differs in having young shoots and petioles densely covered with yellowish-brown villose trichomes; leaves rounded or slightly cordate at base, the mid-ribs and lateral veins abaxially densely covered with yellowish-brown villose trichomes; and hypanthium ca. 3 mm long, shorter than sepals. The atpB-rbcL and trnL-F intergenic chloroplast spacers are selected for identification of the new and its similar species.
- Published
- 2013
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17. Effects of intensive glucose control on incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.
- Author
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Zhang CY, Sun AJ, Zhang SN, Wu CN, Fu MQ, Xia G, Wang KQ, Zou YZ, and Ge JB
- Subjects
- Aged, Blood Glucose drug effects, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Humans, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: The effects of intensive glucose control over conventional glucose control on cardiovascular outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes remain uncertain., Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database to identify randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of intensive glucose control and conventional glucose control, on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes., Results: Seven trials involving 34,144 participants with type 2 diabetes were included. Intensive glucose control significantly reduced major cardiovascular events by 10% (relative risk (RR) 0.90, 95% CI 0.85-0.96; P = 0.0006), and non-fatal myocardial infarction by 16% (0.84, 95% CI 0.76-0.93; P = 0.0006) at the expense of increased incidence of severe hypoglycemia (2.30, 95% CI 1.74-3.03; P < 0.00001), while all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, non-fatal stroke, and heart failure were similar between the two groups. Subgroup analyses showed that patients with longer follow-up duration, shorter diabetic duration, less glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction, higher HbA1c concentration at follow-up, and lower base-line HbA1c benefited more from intensive glucose control., Conclusion: An intensive glucose control strategy can effectively reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events but at the expense of a significantly increased risk of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- Published
- 2010
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18. [Anti-oxidative responses of Agrocybe aegerita mycelia to cadmium stress].
- Author
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Wang SH, Zhang H, Fu MQ, Chen QY, Zhou ZY, and Lu XM
- Subjects
- Agaricales enzymology, Agaricales metabolism, Catalase metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Mycelium enzymology, Mycelium metabolism, Peroxidase metabolism, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Agaricales drug effects, Cadmium toxicity, Mycelium drug effects
- Abstract
This paper studied the effects of different concentration Cd on the anti-oxidative enzyme activities and glutathione content in Agrocybe aegerita cultivated in liquid medium. The results indicated that at low concentrations of Cd, the test enzyme activities increased with increasing Cd concentration, being the maximum at 0.1 mmol x L(-1) for CAT, at 0.2 mmol x L(-1) for POD, GR and LOX, and at 0.4 mmol x L(-1) for SOD. At 1.6 mmol x L(-1) of Cd, the activities of POD, CAT and SOD were inhibited markedly. 0.4-1.6 mmol x L(-1) of Cd resulted in an increase of glutathione content, but glutathione disulfide content was less affected. The ascorbate acid content and APX activity were too low to be detectable. The PAGE analysis revealed that 0.1-0.8 mmol x L(-1) of Cd induced the additional isozyme bands of POD, EST and LOX, and increased the intensity of the constitutive isozymes of CAT and SOD. 1.6 mmol x L(-1) of Cd decreased the intensity of the isozymes of POD, CAT and SOD significantly.
- Published
- 2007
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