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2. Blutdruckmessung in der NAKO – methodische Unterschiede, Blutdruckverteilung und Bekanntheit der Hypertonie im Vergleich zu anderen bevölkerungsbezogenen Studien in Deutschland

Author

Schikowski, Tamara, Wigmann, Claudia, Fuks, Kateryna B., Schipf, Sabine, Heier, Margit, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Sarganas, Giselle, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Becher, Heiko, Berger, Klaus, Brenner, Hermann, Castell, Stefanie, Damms-Machado, Antje, Dörr, Marcus, Ebert, Nina, Efremov, Ljupcho, Emmel, Carina, Felix, Stephan B., Fischer, Beate, Franzke, Claus-Werner, Gastell, Sylvia, Günther, Kathrin, Haerting, Johannes, Ittermann, Till, Jaeschke, Lina, Jagodzinski, Annika, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaaks, Rudolphe, Kalinowski, Sonja, Keil, Thomas, Kemmling, Yvonne, Kluttig, Alexander, Krist, Lilian, Kuss, Oliver, Legath, Nicole, Leitzmann, Michael, Lieb, Wolfgang, Löffler, Markus, Meinke-Franze, Claudia, Michels, Karin B., Mikolajczyk, Rafael, Moebus, Susanne, Nuding, Sebastian, Peters, Annette, Pischon, Tobias, Rückert-Eheberg, Ina-Maria, Schöttker, Ben, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Carsten Oliver, Schulze, Matthias B., Stang, Andreas, Thiele, Inke, Thierry, Sigrid, Thorand, Barbara, Völzke, Henry, Waniek, Sabina, Werdan, Karl, Wirkner, Kerstin, and Greiser, Karin Halina

Published
2020
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6. Long-term air pollution and traffic noise exposures and mild cognitive impairment in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study

Author

Tzivian, Lilian, Diugaj, Martha, Winkler, Angela, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Hennig, Frauke, Fuks, Kateryna B., Vossoughi, Mohammad, Schikowski, Tamara, Weimar, Christian, Erbel, Raimund, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Moebus, Susanne, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Subjects
Traffic noise -- Health aspects, Air pollution -- Health aspects, Cognition disorders -- Risk factors -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes the intermediate state between normal cognitive aging and dementia. Adverse effects of air pollution (AP) on cognitive functions have been proposed, but investigations of simultaneous exposure to noise are scarce. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the cross-sectional associations of long-term exposure to AP and traffic noise with overall MCI and amnestic (aMCI) and nonamnestic (naMCI) MCI. METHODS: At the second examination of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, cognitive assessment was completed in 4,086 participants who were 50-80 years old. Of these, 592 participants were diagnosed as having MCI (aMCI, n = 309; naMCI, n = 283) according to previously published criteria using five neuropsychological subtests. We assessed long-term residential concentrations for size-fractioned particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides with land use regression, and for traffic noise [weighted 24-hr ([L.sub.DEN]) and night-time ([L.sub.NIGHT]) means]. Logistic regression models adjusted for individual risk factors were calculated to estimate the association of environmental exposures with MCI in single- and two-exposure models. RESULTS: Most air pollutants and traffic noise were associated with overall MCI and aMCI. For example, an interquartile range increase in [PM.sub.2.5] and a 10 A-weighted decibel [dB(A)] increase in [L.sub.DEN] were associated with overall MCI as follows [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)]: 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) and 1.40 (1.03, 1.91), respectively, and with aMCI as follows: 1.22 (1.08, 1.38) and 1.53 (1.05, 2.24), respectively. In two-exposure models, AP and noise associations were attenuated [e.g., for aMCI, [PM.sub.2.5] 1.13 (0.98, 1.30) and [L.sub.DEN] 1.46 (1.11, 1.92)]. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposures to air pollution and traffic noise were positively associated with MCI, mainly with the amnestic subtype. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509824, Introduction Age-related cognitive decline is becoming increasingly important because of aging populations in developed countries. Since 1980, the prevalence of dementia has doubled each 5.5-6.7 years (Prince et al. 2013). [...]

Published
2016
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7. Residential road traffic noise and high depressive symptoms after five years of follow-up: results from the heinz nixdorf recall study

Author

Orban, Ester, McDonald, Kelsey, Sutcliffe, Robynne, Hoffmann, Barbara, Fuks, Kateryna B., Dragano, Nico, Viehmann, Anja, Erbel, Raimund, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Pundt, Noreen, and Moebus, Susanne

Subjects
Traffic noise -- Research -- Health aspects, Depression, Mental -- Research -- Causes of -- Care and treatment, Epidemiology -- Analysis, Environmental issues, Health, World Health Organization -- Standards
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traffic noise affects a large number of people, particularly in urbanized areas. Noise causes stress and annoyance, but less is known about the relationship between noise and depression. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association of residential road traffic noise with depressive symptoms using 5-year follow-up data from a German population-based study. METHODS: We analyzed data from 3,300 participants in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study who were between 45 and 75 years old and were without depressive symptoms at baseline (2000-2003). Depressive symptoms were defined based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) 15-item questionnaire (total score ≥ 17) and antidepressant medication intake. Road traffic noise was modeled according to European Parliament/Council Directive 2002/49/EC. High noise exposure was defined as annual mean 24-hr noise levels > 55 A-weighted decibels [dB(A)]. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) a) adjusting for the potential confounders age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), neighborhood-level SES, and traffic proximity; b) additionally adjusting for body mass index and smoking; and c) additionally adjusting for the potential confounders/intermediates comorbidities and insomnia. RESULTS: Overall, 35.7% of the participants were exposed to high residential road traffic noise levels. At follow-up (mean = 5.1 years after baseline), 302 participants were classified as having high depressive symptoms, corresponding to an adjusted RR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.62; Model 1) for exposure to > 55 versus ≤ 55 dB(A). Adjustment for potential confounders/intermediates did not substantially alter the results. Associations were stronger among those who reported insomnia at baseline (RR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.59 vs. RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.57) and appeared to be limited to those with < 13 years of education (RR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.85 vs. 0.92; 95% CI: 0.56, 1.53 for > 13 years). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that exposure to residential road traffic noise increases the risk of depressive symptoms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409400, Introduction Noise is a psychosocial stressor that may affect health, even at low levels (Babisch 2002). A large number of people in urban settings are exposed to traffic noise, and [...]

Published
2016
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8. Air pollution from road traffic and systemic inflammation in adults: a cross-sectional analysis in the European ESCAPE project

Author

Lanki, Timo, Hampel, Regina, Tiittanen, Pekka, Andrich, Siike, Beeien, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Dratva, Julia, De Faire, Ulf, Fuks, Kateryna B., Hoffmann, Barbara, Imboden, Medea, Jousilahti, Pekka, Koenig, Wolfgang, Mahabadi, Amir A., Kunzli, Nino, Pedersen, Nancy L., Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Goran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schindler, Christian, Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J.R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Wolf, Kathrin, Yli-Tuomi, Tarja, and Peters, Annette

Subjects
Streets, Inflammation, Roads, Air pollution, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Exposure to particulate matter air pollution (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVES: In this study we evaluated whether annual exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with systemic inflammation, which is hypothesized to be an intermediate step to cardiovascular disease. METHODS: Six cohorts of adults from Central and Northern Europe were used in this crosssectional study as part of the larger ESCAPE project (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects). Data on levels of blood markers for systemic inflammation--high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen--were available for 22,561 and 17,428 persons, respectively. Land use regression models were used to estimate cohort participants' long-term exposure to various size fractions of PM, soot, and nitrogen oxides (N[O.sub.x]). In addition, traffic intensity on the closest street and traffic load within 100 m from home were used as indicators of traffic air pollution exposure. RESULTS: Particulate air pollution was not associated with systemic inflammation. However, cohort participants living on a busy (> 10,000 vehicles/day) road had elevated CRP values (10.2%; 95% CI: 2.4, 18.8%, compared with persons living on a quiet residential street with < 1,000 vehicles/day). Annual N[O.sub.x] concentration was also positively associated with levels of CRP (3.2%; 95% CI: 0.3, 6.1 per 20 µg/[m.sup.3]), but the effect estimate was more sensitive to model adjustments. For fibrinogen, no consistent associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Living close to busy traffic was associated with increased CRP concentrations, a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear which specific air pollutants are responsible for the association., Introduction Exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution (PM) affects both respiratory and cardiovascular health, and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease (Lim et al. 2012). One [...]

Published
2015
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10. Air Pollution and Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Four European Cohort Studies in the ESCAPE Study

Author

Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña, Xavier, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B, Adam, Martin, Baldassare, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, De Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, de Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thierry, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, Künzli, Nino, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Matemàtica Aplicada, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CoDAlab - Control, Modelització, Identificació i Aplicacions

Subjects
Male, Pathology, Cross-sectional study, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 05 Environmental Sciences, Air pollution, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Medi ambient -- Anàlisi d'impacte, Toxicology, SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, NO2, 01 natural sciences, INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, USE REGRESSION-MODELS, PARTICULATE MATTER, 11. Sustainability, YOUNG-ADULTS, OXIDATIVE STRESS, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Aire -- Contaminació, Matemàtiques i estadística [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Environmental exposure, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Middle Aged, LONG-TERM EXPOSURE, Europe, Meta-analysis, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Cohort study, Air -- Pollution, Malalties cerebrovasculars, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, complex mixtures, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Statistical significance, Air Pollution, Linear regression, medicine, Humans, ddc:610, Ciències de la salut::Impacte ambiental [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], METAANALYSIS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Aged, Science & Technology, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Environmental Exposure, Atherosclerosis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Intima-media thickness, Environmental impact analysis, 13. Climate action, CAROTID-ARTERY, Environmental Sciences, Biomarkers
Abstract

Background: In four European cohorts, we investigated the cross-sectional association between long-term exposure to air pollution and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CIMT), a preclinical marker of atherosclerosis. Methods: Individually assigned levels of nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), absorbance of PM2.5 (PM2.5abs), PM10, PMcoarse, and two indicators of residential proximity to highly trafficked roads were obtained under a standard exposure protocol (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects—ESCAPE study) in the Stockholm area (Sweden), the Ausburg and Ruhr area (Germany), and the Girona area (Spain). We used linear regression and meta-analyses to examine the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and CIMT. Results: The meta-analysis with 9,183 individuals resulted in an estimated increase in CIMT (geometric mean) of 0.72% (95% CI: –0.65%, 2.10%) per 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and 0.42% (95% CI: –0.46%, 1.30%) per 10–5/m increase in PM2.5abs. Living in proximity to high traffic was also positively but not significantly associated with CIMT. Meta-analytic estimates for other pollutants were inconsistent. Results were similar across different adjustment sets and sensitivity analyses. In an extended meta-analysis for PM2.5 with three other previously published studies, a 0.78% (95% CI: –0.18%, 1.75%) increase in CIMT was estimated for a 5-μg/m3 contrast in PM2.5. Conclusions: Using a standardized exposure and analytical protocol in four European cohorts, we found that cross-sectional associations between CIMT and the eight ESCAPE markers of long-term residential air pollution exposure did not reach statistical significance. The additional meta-analysis of CIMT and PM2.5 across all published studies also was positive but not significant. Citation: Perez L, Wolf K, Hennig F, Penell J, Basagaña X, Foraster M, Aguilera I, Agis D, Beelen R, Brunekreef B, Cyrys J, Fuks KB, Adam M, Baldassarre D, Cirach M, Elosua R, Dratva J, Hampel R, Koenig W, Marrugat J, de Faire U, Pershagen G, Probst-Hensch NM, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Rathmann W, Rivera M, Seissler J, Schindler C, Thiery J, Hoffmann B, Peters A, Künzli N. 2015. Air pollution and atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of four European cohort studies in the ESCAPE Study. Environ Health Perspect 123:597–605; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307711

Published
2015

13. Outdoor Air Pollution and Arterial Hypertension

Author

Li, Tie-Gang, Yang, Bo-Yi, Fan, Shu-Jun, Schikowski, Tamara, Dong, Guang-Hui, Fuks, Kateryna B., Li, Tie-Gang, Yang, Bo-Yi, Fan, Shu-Jun, Schikowski, Tamara, Dong, Guang-Hui, and Fuks, Kateryna B.

Abstract

Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor. There is accumulating evidence that air pollution could induce elevated blood pressure and potentiate hypertension. Acute elevations in the outdoor air pollution levels can trigger immediate or shortly delayed increases in arterial blood pressure. Moreover, few studies suggest that short-term increases in the levels of particulate and gaseous pollutants could lead to an acute onset of hypertension. Prolonged exposure to outdoor air pollution is associated with elevated blood pressure. Furthermore, some longitudinal studies have linked long-term exposure to air pollution with the incidence of hypertension. Various components of air pollution, such as inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and ozone, have shown associations with blood pressure in some studies. The hypothesized underlying mechanisms include inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress in lungs and in systemic circulation, imbalance of autonomous nervous system, and pathologic changes in vascular endothelium. In addition to “traditional” susceptible groups such as elderly individuals or patients with chronic diseases, children and pregnant women could be especially susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution. The interplay of air pollution with the related environmental exposures, such as traffic noise and climate change, should be investigated further.

Published
2018
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14. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Fuks, Kateryna B, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagaña, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sørensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Künzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J R, Peters, Annette, Hoffmann, Barbara, Fuks, Kateryna B, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagaña, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sørensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Künzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J R, Peters, Annette, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Abstract

Aims: We investigated whether traffic-related air pollution and noise are associated with incident hypertension in European cohorts.Methods and results: We included seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE). We modelled concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5), ≤10 µm (PM10), >2.5, and ≤10 µm (PMcoarse), soot (PM2.5 absorbance), and nitrogen oxides at the addresses of participants with land use regression. Residential exposure to traffic noise was modelled at the facade according to the EU Directive 2002/49/EC. We assessed hypertension as (i) self-reported and (ii) measured (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or intake of BP lowering medication (BPLM). We used Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to analyse associations of traffic-related exposures with incidence of hypertension, controlling for relevant confounders, and combined the results from individual studies with random-effects meta-analysis. Among 41 072 participants free of self-reported hypertension at baseline, 6207 (15.1%) incident cases occurred within 5-9 years of follow-up. Incidence of self-reported hypertension was positively associated with PM2.5 (relative risk (RR) 1.22 [95%-confidence interval (CI):1.08; 1.37] per 5 µg/m³) and PM2.5 absorbance (RR 1.13 [95% CI:1.02; 1.24] per 10 - 5m - 1). These estimates decreased slightly upon adjustment for road traffic noise. Road traffic noise was weakly positively associated with the incidence of self-reported hypertension. Among 10 896 participants at risk, 3549 new cases of measured hypertension occurred. We found no clear associations with measured hypertension.Conclusion: Long-term residential exposures to air pollution and noise are associated with increased incidence of self-reported hypertension.

Published
2017

15. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Author

dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Fuks, Kateryna B, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagaña, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sørensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Künzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J R, Peters, Annette, Hoffmann, Barbara, dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Fuks, Kateryna B, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagaña, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sørensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Künzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J R, Peters, Annette, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Published
2017

16. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagana, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sorensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Kunzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J. R., Peters, Annette, Hoffmann, Barbara, Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Basagana, Xavier, Gruzieva, Olena, Hampel, Regina, Oftedal, Bente, Sorensen, Mette, Wolf, Kathrin, Aamodt, Geir, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Becker, Thomas, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cyrys, Josef, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, Foraster, Maria, Fratiglioni, Laura, Hilding, Agneta, Houthuijs, Danny, Korek, Michal, Kunzli, Nino, Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Östenson, Claes-Göran, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Swart, Wim J. R., Peters, Annette, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Abstract

Aims We investigated whether traffic-related air pollution and noise are associated with incident hypertension in European cohorts. Methods and results We included seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE). We modelled concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m (PM2.5), <= 10 mu m (PM10), >2.5, and <= 10 mu m (PMcoarse), soot (PM2.5 absorbance), and nitrogen oxides at the addresses of participants with land use regression. Residential exposure to traffic noise was modelled at the facade according to the EU Directive 2002/49/EC. We assessed hypertension as (i) self-reported and (ii) measured (systolic BP >= 140mmHg or diastolic BP >= 90mmHg or intake of BP lowering medication (BPLM). We used Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to analyse associations of traffic-related exposures with incidence of hypertension, controlling for relevant confounders, and combined the results from individual studies with random-effects meta-analysis. Among 41 072 participants free of self-reported hypertension at baseline, 6207 (15.1%) incident cases occurred within 5-9 years of follow-up. Incidence of self-reported hypertension was positively associated with PM2.5 (relative risk (RR) 1.22 [95%-confidence interval (CI): 1.08; 1.37] per 5 mu g/m(3)) and PM2.5 absorbance (RR 1.13 [95% CI: 1.02; 1.24] per 10(-5) m(-1)). These estimates decreased slightly upon adjustment for road traffic noise. Road traffic noise was weakly positively associated with the incidence of self-reported hypertension. Among 10 896 participants at risk, 3549 new cases of measured hypertension occurred. We found no clear associations with measured hypertension. Conclusion Long-term residential exposures to air pollution and noise are associated with increased incidence of self-reported hypertension.

Published
2017
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17. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Fuks, Kateryna B, primary, Weinmayr, Gudrun, additional, Basagaña, Xavier, additional, Gruzieva, Olena, additional, Hampel, Regina, additional, Oftedal, Bente, additional, Sørensen, Mette, additional, Wolf, Kathrin, additional, Aamodt, Geir, additional, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, additional, Aguilera, Inmaculada, additional, Becker, Thomas, additional, Beelen, Rob, additional, Brunekreef, Bert, additional, Caracciolo, Barbara, additional, Cyrys, Josef, additional, Elosua, Roberto, additional, Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup, additional, Foraster, Maria, additional, Fratiglioni, Laura, additional, Hilding, Agneta, additional, Houthuijs, Danny, additional, Korek, Michal, additional, Künzli, Nino, additional, Marrugat, Jaume, additional, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, additional, Östenson, Claes-Göran, additional, Penell, Johanna, additional, Pershagen, Göran, additional, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, additional, Swart, Wim, additional, Peters, Annette, additional, and Hoffmann, Barbara, additional

Published
2016
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18. Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution: an analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Foraster, Maria, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Houthuijs, Danny, Oftedal, Bente, Oudin, Anna, Panasevich, Sviatlana, Penell, Johanna, Sommar, Johan N., Sorensen, Mette, Tiittanen, Pekka, Wolf, Kathrin, Xun, Wei W., Aguilera, Inmaculada, Basagana, Xavier, Beelen, Rob, Bots, Michiel L., Brunekreef, Bert, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cirach, Marta, de Faire, Ulf, de Nazelle, Audrey, Eeftens, Marloes, Elosua, Roberto, Erbel, Raimund, Forsberg, Bertil, Fratiglioni, Laura, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Hilding, Agneta, Jula, Antti, Korek, Michal, Kraemer, Ursula, Kuenzli, Nino, Lanki, Timo, Leander, Karin, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Oestenson, Claes-Goeran, Pedersen, Nancy L., Pershagen, Goeran, Phuleria, Harish C., Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schikowski, Tamara, Schindler, Christian, Schwarze, Per E., Sogaard, Anne J., Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J. R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Vineis, Paolo, Peters, Annette, Hoffmann, Barbara, Dep IRAS, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Wolf, Kathrin, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Hoffmann, Barbara, Dep IRAS, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, and IRAS RATIA2

Subjects
Male, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, air pollution, 05 Environmental Sciences, Medizin, Air pollution, VDP::Medisinske fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803, Review, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, NO2, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, USE REGRESSION-MODELS, Medicine, Nitrogen oxides, land use regression (LUR) model, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Vehicle Emissions, RISK, education.field_of_study, Air Pollutants, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, ASSOCIATION, 3. Good health, Europe, Noise, Transportation, Female, Nitrogen Oxides, VDP::Midical sciences: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology, medical and dental statistics: 803, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, PROJECT, Population, Diastole, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, NOx, Land use regression, ESCAPE, 03 medical and health sciences, Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin, Environmental health, Air Pollution, Humans, PARTICLES, Arterial Pressure, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, education, Antihypertensive Agents, METAANALYSIS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ddc:613, Science & Technology, HYPERTENSION, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, European population, Odds ratio, Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Environmental Exposure, Blood pressure, Cross-Sectional Studies, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 13. Climate action, Particulate Matter, business, PRIMARY PREVENTION, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent. Citation: Fuks KB, Weinmayr G, Foraster M, Dratva J, Hampel R, Houthuijs D, Oftedal B, Oudin A, Panasevich S, Penell J, Sommar JN, Sørensen M, Tittanen P, Wolf K, Xun WW, Aguilera I, Basagaña X, Beelen R, Bots ML, Brunekreef B, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Caracciolo B, Cirach M, de Faire U, de Nazelle A, Eeftens M, Elosua R, Erbel R, Forsberg B, Fratiglioni L, Gaspoz JM, Hilding A, Jula A, Korek M, Krämer U, Künzli N, Lanki T, Leander K, Magnusson PK, Marrugat J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Östenson CG, Pedersen NL, Pershagen G, Phuleria HC, Probst-Hensch NM, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Schaffner E, Schikowski T, Schindler C, Schwarze PE, Søgaard AJ, Sugiri D, Swart WJ, Tsai MY, Turunen AW, Vineis P, Peters A, Hoffmann B. 2014. Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution: an analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Environ Health Perspect 122:896–905; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307725

Published
2014

19. Air Pollution from Road Traffic and Systemic Inflammation in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the European ESCAPE Project

Author

IRAS RATIA2, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Lanki, Timo, Hampel, Regina, Tiittanen, Pekka, Andrich, Silke, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Dratva, Julia, De Faire, Ulf, Fuks, Kateryna B, Hoffmann, Barbara, Imboden, Medea, Jousilahti, Pekka, Koenig, Wolfgang, Mahabadi, Amir A, Künzli, Nino, Pedersen, Nancy L, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schindler, Christian, Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J R, Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Wolf, Kathrin, Yli-Tuomi, Tarja, Peters, Annette, IRAS RATIA2, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Lanki, Timo, Hampel, Regina, Tiittanen, Pekka, Andrich, Silke, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Dratva, Julia, De Faire, Ulf, Fuks, Kateryna B, Hoffmann, Barbara, Imboden, Medea, Jousilahti, Pekka, Koenig, Wolfgang, Mahabadi, Amir A, Künzli, Nino, Pedersen, Nancy L, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schindler, Christian, Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J R, Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Wolf, Kathrin, Yli-Tuomi, Tarja, and Peters, Annette

Published
2015

20. Air Pollution and Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Four European Cohort Studies in the ESCAPE Study

Author

LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña, Xavier, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B, Adam, Martin, Baldassare, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, De Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, de Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thierry, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, Künzli, Nino, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña, Xavier, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B, Adam, Martin, Baldassare, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, De Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, de Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thierry, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, and Künzli, Nino

Published
2015

21. Air pollution and atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of four European cohort studies in the ESCAPE study

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Matemàtica Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CoDAlab - Control, Modelització, Identificació i Aplicacions, Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña Flores, Xavier, Foraster, María, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis Cherta, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B., Adam, Martin, Baldassarre, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, de Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., De Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thiery, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, Künzli, Nino, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Matemàtica Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CoDAlab - Control, Modelització, Identificació i Aplicacions, Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña Flores, Xavier, Foraster, María, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis Cherta, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B., Adam, Martin, Baldassarre, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, de Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., De Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thiery, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, and Künzli, Nino

Abstract

In four European cohorts, we investigated the cross-sectional association between long-term exposure to air pollution and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CIMT), a preclinical marker of atherosclerosis. Individually assigned levels of nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter = 2.5 µm (PM2.5), absorbance of PM2.5 (PM2.5abs), PM10, PMcoarse, and two indicators of residential proximity to highly trafficked roads were obtained under a standard exposure protocol (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects—ESCAPE study) in the Stockholm area (Sweden), the Ausburg and Ruhr area (Germany), and the Girona area (Spain). We used linear regression and meta-analyses to examine the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and CIMT. The meta-analysis with 9,183 individuals resulted in an estimated increase in CIMT (geometric mean) of 0.72% (95% CI: –0.65%, 2.10%) per 5-µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and 0.42% (95% CI: –0.46%, 1.30%) per 10–5/m increase in PM2.5abs. Living in proximity to high traffic was also positively but not significantly associated with CIMT. Meta-analytic estimates for other pollutants were inconsistent. Results were similar across different adjustment sets and sensitivity analyses. In an extended meta-analysis for PM2.5 with three other previously published studies, a 0.78% (95% CI: –0.18%, 1.75%) increase in CIMT was estimated for a 5-µg/m3 contrast in PM2.5. Using a standardized exposure and analytical protocol in four European cohorts, we found that cross-sectional associations between CIMT and the eight ESCAPE markers of long-term residential air pollution exposure did not reach statistical significance. The additional meta-analysis of CIMT and PM2.5 across all published studies also was positive but not significant., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Published
2015

22. Air Pollution and Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of FourEuropean Cohort Studies in the ESCAPE Study

Author

Perez, Laura, primary, Wolf, Kathrin, additional, Hennig, Frauke, additional, Penell, Johanna, additional, Basagaña, Xavier, additional, Foraster, Maria, additional, Aguilera, Inmaculada, additional, Agis, David, additional, Beelen, Rob, additional, Brunekreef, Bert, additional, Cyrys, Josef, additional, Fuks, Kateryna B., additional, Adam, Martin, additional, Baldassarre, Damiano, additional, Cirach, Marta, additional, Elosua, Roberto, additional, Dratva, Julia, additional, Hampel, Regina, additional, Koenig, Wolfgang, additional, Marrugat, Jaume, additional, de Faire, Ulf, additional, Pershagen, Göran, additional, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., additional, de Nazelle, Audrey, additional, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., additional, Rathmann, Wolfgang, additional, Rivera, Marcela, additional, Seissler, Jochen, additional, Schindler, Christian, additional, Thiery, Joachim, additional, Hoffmann, Barbara, additional, Peters, Annette, additional, and Künzli, Nino, additional

Published
2015
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23. Arterial Blood Pressure and Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: An Analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Dep IRAS, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Foraster, Maria, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Houthuijs, Danny, Oftedal, Bente, Oudin, Anna, Panasevich, Sviatlana, Penell, Johanna, Sommar, Johan N., Sorensen, Mette, Tiittanen, Pekka, Wolf, Kathrin, Xun, Wei W., Aguilera, Inmaculada, Basagana, Xavier, Beelen, Rob, Bots, Michiel L., Brunekreef, Bert, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cirach, Marta, de Faire, Ulf, de Nazelle, Audrey, Eeftens, Marloes, Elosua, Roberto, Erbel, Raimund, Forsberg, Bertil, Fratiglioni, Laura, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Hilding, Agneta, Jula, Antti, Korek, Michal, Kraemer, Ursula, Kuenzli, Nino, Lanki, Timo, Leander, Karin, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Oestenson, Claes-Goeran, Pedersen, Nancy L., Pershagen, Goeran, Phuleria, Harish C., Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schikowski, Tamara, Schindler, Christian, Schwarze, Per E., Sogaard, Anne J., Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J. R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Vineis, Paolo, Peters, Annette, Hoffmann, Barbara, Dep IRAS, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Foraster, Maria, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Houthuijs, Danny, Oftedal, Bente, Oudin, Anna, Panasevich, Sviatlana, Penell, Johanna, Sommar, Johan N., Sorensen, Mette, Tiittanen, Pekka, Wolf, Kathrin, Xun, Wei W., Aguilera, Inmaculada, Basagana, Xavier, Beelen, Rob, Bots, Michiel L., Brunekreef, Bert, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cirach, Marta, de Faire, Ulf, de Nazelle, Audrey, Eeftens, Marloes, Elosua, Roberto, Erbel, Raimund, Forsberg, Bertil, Fratiglioni, Laura, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Hilding, Agneta, Jula, Antti, Korek, Michal, Kraemer, Ursula, Kuenzli, Nino, Lanki, Timo, Leander, Karin, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Oestenson, Claes-Goeran, Pedersen, Nancy L., Pershagen, Goeran, Phuleria, Harish C., Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schikowski, Tamara, Schindler, Christian, Schwarze, Per E., Sogaard, Anne J., Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J. R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Vineis, Paolo, Peters, Annette, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Published
2014

24. Air pollution and atherosclerosis : a cross-sectional analysis of four European cohort studies in the ESCAPE study

Author

Perez, Laura, Wolf, Kathrin, Hennig, Frauke, Penell, Johanna, Basagaña, Xavier, Foraster, Maria, Aguilera, Inmaculada, Agis, David, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, Fuks, Kateryna B., Adam, Martin, Baldassarre, Damiano, Cirach, Marta, Elosua, Roberto, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Koenig, Wolfgang, Marrugat, Jaume, de Faire, Ulf, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., de Nazelle, Audrey, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rivera, Marcela, Seissler, Jochen, Schindler, Christian, Thiery, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Peters, Annette, and Künzli, Nino

Subjects
13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability

25. Air pollution from road traffic and systemic inflammation in adults : a cross-sectional analysis in the European ESCAPE project

Author

Lanki, Timo, Hampel, Regina, Tiittanen, Pekka, Andrich, Silke, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Dratva, Julia, De Faire, Ulf, Fuks, Kateryna B., Hoffmann, Barbara, Imboden, Medea, Jousilahti, Pekka, Koenig, Wolfgang, Mahabadi, Amir A., Künzli, Nino, Pedersen, Nancy L., Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schindler, Christian, Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J. R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Wolf, Kathrin, Yli-Tuomi, Tarja, and Peters, Annette

Subjects
13. Climate action, 3. Good health

26. Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution : an analysis in the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Author

Fuks, Kateryna B., Weinmayr, Gudrun, Foraster, Maria, Dratva, Julia, Hampel, Regina, Houthuijs, Danny, Oftedal, Bente, Oudin, Anna, Panasevich, Sviatlana, Penell, Johanna, Sommar, Johan N., Sørensen, Mette, Tiittanen, Pekka, Wolf, Kathrin, Xun, Wei W., Aguilera, Inmaculada, Basagaña, Xavier, Beelen, Rob, Bots, Michiel L., Brunekreef, Bert, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Caracciolo, Barbara, Cirach, Marta, de Faire, Ulf, de Nazelle, Audrey, Eeftens, Marloes, Elosua, Roberto, Erbel, Raimund, Forsberg, Bertil, Fratiglioni, Laura, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Hilding, Agneta, Jula, Antti, Korek, Michal, Krämer, Ursula, Künzli, Nino, Lanki, Timo, Leander, Karin, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Marrugat, Jaume, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Ostenson, Claes-Göran, Pedersen, Nancy L., Pershagen, Göran, Phuleria, Harish C., Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schikowski, Tamara, Schindler, Christian, Schwarze, Per E., Søgaard, Anne J., Sugiri, Dorothea, Swart, Wim J. R., Tsai, Ming-Yi, Turunen, Anu W., Vineis, Paolo, Peters, Annette, and Hoffmann, Barbara

Subjects
13. Climate action, 3. Good health

27. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE).

Author

Fuks KB, Weinmayr G, Basagaña X, Gruzieva O, Hampel R, Oftedal B, Sørensen M, Wolf K, Aamodt G, Aasvang GM, Aguilera I, Becker T, Beelen R, Brunekreef B, Caracciolo B, Cyrys J, Elosua R, Eriksen KT, Foraster M, Fratiglioni L, Hilding A, Houthuijs D, Korek M, Künzli N, Marrugat J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Östenson CG, Penell J, Pershagen G, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Swart WJR, Peters A, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Aged, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Hypertension drug therapy, Hypertension epidemiology, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Particulate Matter adverse effects, Particulate Matter analysis, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Self Report, Air Pollution adverse effects, Hypertension etiology, Noise, Transportation adverse effects
Abstract

Aims: We investigated whether traffic-related air pollution and noise are associated with incident hypertension in European cohorts., Methods and Results: We included seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE). We modelled concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5), ≤10 µm (PM10), >2.5, and ≤10 µm (PMcoarse), soot (PM2.5 absorbance), and nitrogen oxides at the addresses of participants with land use regression. Residential exposure to traffic noise was modelled at the facade according to the EU Directive 2002/49/EC. We assessed hypertension as (i) self-reported and (ii) measured (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or intake of BP lowering medication (BPLM). We used Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to analyse associations of traffic-related exposures with incidence of hypertension, controlling for relevant confounders, and combined the results from individual studies with random-effects meta-analysis. Among 41 072 participants free of self-reported hypertension at baseline, 6207 (15.1%) incident cases occurred within 5-9 years of follow-up. Incidence of self-reported hypertension was positively associated with PM2.5 (relative risk (RR) 1.22 [95%-confidence interval (CI):1.08; 1.37] per 5 µg/m³) and PM2.5 absorbance (RR 1.13 [95% CI:1.02; 1.24] per 10 - 5m - 1). These estimates decreased slightly upon adjustment for road traffic noise. Road traffic noise was weakly positively associated with the incidence of self-reported hypertension. Among 10 896 participants at risk, 3549 new cases of measured hypertension occurred. We found no clear associations with measured hypertension., Conclusion: Long-term residential exposures to air pollution and noise are associated with increased incidence of self-reported hypertension., (Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2016. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2017
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28. Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution: an analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE).

Author

Fuks KB, Weinmayr G, Foraster M, Dratva J, Hampel R, Houthuijs D, Oftedal B, Oudin A, Panasevich S, Penell J, Sommar JN, Sørensen M, Tiittanen P, Wolf K, Xun WW, Aguilera I, Basagaña X, Beelen R, Bots ML, Brunekreef B, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Caracciolo B, Cirach M, de Faire U, de Nazelle A, Eeftens M, Elosua R, Erbel R, Forsberg B, Fratiglioni L, Gaspoz JM, Hilding A, Jula A, Korek M, Krämer U, Künzli N, Lanki T, Leander K, Magnusson PK, Marrugat J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Ostenson CG, Pedersen NL, Pershagen G, Phuleria HC, Probst-Hensch NM, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Schaffner E, Schikowski T, Schindler C, Schwarze PE, Søgaard AJ, Sugiri D, Swart WJ, Tsai MY, Turunen AW, Vineis P, Peters A, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution statistics & numerical data, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure analysis, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrogen Oxides analysis, Nitrogen Oxides toxicity, Noise, Transportation statistics & numerical data, Particulate Matter analysis, Risk Factors, Vehicle Emissions analysis, Air Pollutants toxicity, Arterial Pressure, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Hypertension chemically induced, Hypertension epidemiology, Particulate Matter toxicity, Vehicle Emissions toxicity
Abstract

Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific., Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations., Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis., Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated., Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent.

Published
2014
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